Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lessons Learned Through Leadership, John L. Melvin, Md, Mmsc

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

This paper identifies a number of principles I have adopted when assuming leadership roles. They evolved from experiences that suggested they would help me be more effective in these roles. I have found through using them that they are indeed helpful to me as a leader and to the organizations I lead. When comparing notes with other leaders, I find they seem to apply to others as well.

Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiency In Sporadic Pituitary Adenomas: A Potential Mechanism For Tumorigenesis, Edward Andrews, Md, Stacey K. Mardekian, Md, Markku Miettinen, Mark T. Curtis, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

In order to determine whether succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficiency plays a role in spor-adic, non-familial pituitary adenomas, we analyzed 80 pituitary adenomas for SDH deficiency from patients without familial tumor syndromes or without known SDH deficiency-associated neoplasms. SDH deficiency was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for SDHB since the loss of any of the four SDH subunits results in the loss of SDHB expression. Three pituitary adenomas showed complete loss of SDHB staining, and of these two also showed loss of SDHA staining. We further characterized these adenomas by looking at Ki67, IGF1R, and 5-hmC levels via IHC. SDHx …

Redox Proteomic Identification Of Hne-Bound Mitochondrial Proteins In Cardiac Tissues Reveals A Systemic Effect On Energy Metabolism After Doxorubicin Treatment, Y. Zhao, Sumitra Miriyala, L. Miao, Mihail I. Mitov, David M. Schnell, Sanjit Kumar Dhar, J. Cai, J. B. Klein, Rukhsana Sultana, D. Allan Butterfield, Mary Vore, I. Batinic-Haberle, Subbarao Bondada, Daret K. St. Clair

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Doxorubicin (DOX), one of the most effective anticancer drugs, is known to generate progressive cardiac damage, which is due, in part, to DOX-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). The elevated ROS often induce oxidative protein modifications that result in alteration of protein functions. This study demonstrates that the level of proteins adducted by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation product, is significantly increased in mouse heart mitochondria after DOX treatment. A redox proteomics method involving two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry and investigation of protein databases identified several HNE-modified mitochondrial proteins, which were verified by HNE-specific immunoprecipitation in cardiac mitochondria from the …

Unmet Need For Contraception And Unintended Pregnancies Among Women Of Reproductive Age Group: A Situation Analysis, Sumera Aziz Ali, Savera Aziz Ali

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Each year approximately 210 million pregnancies occur worldwide and more than one-third (75 to 80 million) of these are unintended, more than half of these (46 million) unintended pregnancies undergo unsafe abortions. In Pakistan 16% of the births are reported to be unwanted and if the unwanted fertility is eliminated, total fertility in Pakistan would be 3.1 births per woman. Total demand for family planning in Pakistan is 55%, while the contraceptive prevalence rate is 35% and unmet need for family planning is 20%. Reasons for unmet need and unintended pregnancy include lack of permission, fear of side effects, poor …

Impact Of Peak/Mid Luteal Estradiol On Pregnancy Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Rehana Rehman, Zahir Hussain, Huma Zahir, Rakhshaan Khan

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Abstract

Objective: To compare peak to mid estradiol ratio with the probability of successful conception after intracytoplasmic

sperm injection.

Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted in an infertility clinic at Islamabad from June 2010 till August

2011, and comprised couples subjected to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. Down-regulation of ovaries was

followed by calculated stimulation, ovulation induction, oocytes retrieval, intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, in vitro

maturation of embryos and finally blastocysts transfer. Serum estradiol was measured by enzyme-linked

immunosorbent assay on ovulation induction day and the day of embryo transfer. Failure of procedure was detected

by beta human chorionic gonadotropin5-25mIU/ml (Group I; …

Me, You, And Porn: A Common-Fate Analysis Of Pornography Use And Sexual Satisfaction Among Married Couples, Cameron C. Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Guided by recent literature and theory addressing pornography use, the current study examined the associations between pornography use and acceptance of pornography and whether they predict sexual satisfaction as reported by both husbands and wives. Using data from the Relationship Evaluation Questionnaire (RELATE) (N=335 couples), a common-fate approach was used to examine both common and unique attributes of husbands and wives among pornography use, acceptance of pornography, and sexual satisfaction. Results indicate that pornography use was positively associated with pornography acceptance, but that pornography acceptance did not mediate the relationship between pornography use and sexual satisfaction. Husbands’ pornography use was …

The Transformative Power Of Narrative As A Behavioral Change Communication Tool To Reduce Health Disparities In Cervical Cancer Among Latinas: Global Implications, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Joyee S. Chatterjee, Lauren B. Frank, Sheila T. Murphy, Meghan B. Moran, Lisa N. Werth, Nan Zhao, Paula Amezola De Herrera, Don Mayer, Jeremy Kagan, Dave O'Brien

Communication Faculty Publications and Presentations

Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer in women globally. Latinas carry a disproportionate burden of this disease. In the United States, when compared with non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), Latinas endure much higher incidence rates (13.86 vs. 7.70 per 100,000) with mortality rates 1.5 times greater than for non-Hispanic white women . In order to address this disparity, a multidisciplinary team engaged in a transformative study to test if narrative, developed in culturally specific ways as a behavioral change communication tool, works better than non-narrative in increasing knowledge and changing attitudes and behaviors and, if so, why. This …

School Of Nursing Newsletter July 2014, Southern Adventist University School Of Nursing

Southern Nursing - School of Nursing Newsletter

The July 2014 issue of the newsletter features the dean's greeting, an article on the first Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) graduating class, and faculty updates.

Diagnostic Problem Solving In Male Collegiate Athletic Trainers, Frederick A. Gardin, James M. Mensch

Department of Exercise Science and Physical Education Scholarship and Creative Works

Context: Knowledge and experience may be important factors for understanding expertise based upon a clinician's ability to select and execute an appropriate response as a clinician during injury evaluation.

Objective: To describe how collegiate male certified athletic trainers represent injury-evaluation domain knowledge during a situational interview using a think-aloud protocol.

Design: Qualitative.

Setting: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I and II colleges in National Athletic Trainers' Association District 3.

Patients or Other Participants: A total of 20 male certified athletic trainers (n = 10 with less than 2 years of experience in the college setting and n = 10 with …

Content Analyses Of A Priori Qualitative Phantom Limb Pain Descriptions And Emerging Categories In Mid-Southerners With Limb Loss, Cecile B. Evans

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose

The purposes of this descriptive study were (a) to identify the relative frequencies of a priori categories of phantom limb pain (PLP) quality descriptors reported by Mid-Southerners with limb loss, (b) to analyze their descriptions for emerging categories of PLP, and (c) to identify the relative frequencies of the emerging categories.

Design

This cross-sectional descriptive verbal survey assessed PLP descriptors. A content analyses determined relative frequencies of a priori PLP descriptors as well as emerging categories that were identified.

Findings

The most common a priori PLP quality descriptors reported by 52 amputees with PLP were intermittent, tingling/needles/numb, sharp, cramping, …

Novel Rejection Methods And Fusion Approaches For Multi-Biometric Verification, Md Shafaeat Hossain

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation proposes methods and algorithms to improve the performance of biometric verification systems. It introduces a new rejection method, "symmetric rejection method," for multi-stage biometric verification. The symmetric rejection method significantly improves the performance over the state of the art rejection methods and controls the genuine reject rate which has not been specifically addressed in earlier studies. The dissertation also proposes a new fusion framework for multi-biometric verification systems, which achieves accuracy higher than parallel fusion framework, and provides convenience to genuine users. In addition, it proposes a framework consisting of impostor score based normalization, impostor score based rejection, …

The Transformative Power Of Ketamine: Psychedelic States And A Personal History Of Transformation, Philip E. Wolfson

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

A discussion of the nature of transformation and its relationship to psychedelic experiences— particularly ketamine experiences—is presented and discussed along with a schema for thinking about types of states that may be encountered and transformations that may occur related to psychedelic use and practice. This is followed by a longitudinal historical approach for portraying and examining personal transformation along with a proposed instrument— The Transformational Codex—for cataloging that history and the elements that compose it.

Reducing Alcohol Use Among 9th Grade Students: 6 Month Outcomes Of A Brief, Web-Based Intervention, Diana M. Doumas, Robin Hausheer, Susan Esp, Courtney Cuffee

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study tested a brief, web-based personalized feedback program aimed at reducing alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences among 9th grade students (N = 513). Results indicated no differences between the control group and intervention group on either frequency of drinking or alcohol-related consequences at the 6-month follow-up. Reductions in alcohol use and the associated consequences found at the 3-month follow-up were not sustained across the academic year. Results indicate brief, web-based feedback programs may not be sufficient to provide a sustained impact on alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences over time, suggesting either booster sessions or adjunctive interventions, such as parent-based …

A Quantitative Analysis Of Kalandars And Captive Bears In Pakistan, Thomas P. Rooney, Kendra C. Millam

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

In 2013, the Bioresource Research Centre (Islamabad, Pakistan) conducted a comprehensive census of the remaining dancing and bear-baiting bears in Pakistan. This involved locating and counting the actual involved bears and bear keepers (kalandars), collecting detailed socio-economic data from the bear-keepers, and identifying attitudes and key drivers behind this livelihood. This report summarizes the findings from the census, reveals relationships in the data that are not immediately apparent, and identifies potential leverage points for ongoing campaign efforts.

คุณภาพชีวิตในผู้ป่วยปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังจากโรคทางระบบกระดูกและกล้ามเนื้อ, จันทรรัตน์ เลิศทองไทย, ชัยชนะ นิ่มนวล

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

เหตุผลของการทำวิจัย : อาการปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังเป็นปัญหาสุขภาพที่พบได้มากในคนวัยทำงาน และผู้สูงอายุและกระทบต่อผู้ป่วยในการทำกิจวัตรประจำวันหรือหน้าที่การงาน ซึ่งผลกระทบนี้จะทำให้ผู้ป่วยมีคุณภาพชีวิตลดลงวัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาคุณภาพชีวิตในผู้ป่วยที่มีอาการปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังจากโรคทางระบบกระดูกและกล้ามเนื้อรูปแบบการวิจัย : การศึกษาวิจัยเชิงพรรณนาภาคตัดขวาง ณ จุดเวลาใดเวลาหนึ่งสถานที่ทำการศึกษา : แผนกออร์โธปิดิกส์และแผนกเวชศาสตร์ฟื้นฟูในโรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์กลุ่มตัวอย่างและวิธีการศึกษา : เก็บข้อมูลจากผู้ป่วยปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังจำนวน 290 คนโดยใช้แบบสอบถามข้อมูลทั่วไปของผู้ป่วยแบบสอบถามด้านปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับสุขภาพ และอาการปวดหลัง และแบบวัดคุณภาพชีวิตขององค์การอนามัยโลกชุดย่อฉบับภาษาไทย(WHOQOL-BREF-THAI) วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนาวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างตัวแปรกับคุณภาพชีวิตด้วยIndependent – Samples t-test และ One – Way ANOVA และMultiple Linear Regression Analysis สำหรับหาปัจจัยพยากรณ์คุณภาพชีวิตในผู้ป่วยปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังผลการศึกษา : ผู้ป่วยมีคุณภาพชีวิตอยู่ในเกณฑ์ปานกลาง ร้อยละ 93.4 ยิ่งจำนวนการสูญเสียหน้าที่หลายด้านยิ่งมีคุณภาพชีวิตต่ำ (B = -2.199,p <.001, 95% CI = -3.183 ถึง -1.214) พบว่าเพศชายมีคุณภาพชีวิตสูงกว่าเพศหญิง (B = -2.818, p = 0.002, 95% CI = -4.612ถึง -1.024) สถานภาพทางเศรษฐกิจพอใช้และเหลือเก็บมีคุณภาพชีวิตสูงกว่าเมื่อเทียบกับไม่พอใช้ (B = -5.322, p = 0.008, 95%CI = -9.219 ถึง -1.426) ผู้ป่วยที่ไม่มีโรคประจำตัวมีคุณภาพชีวิตสูงกว่าผู้ป่วยที่มีโรคประจำตัว (B = -2.461, p = 0.014, 95%CI = -4.419 ถึง -0.503) ผู้ป่วยที่มีระดับความปวดโดยเฉลี่ยใน2 สัปดาห์ 0 - 5 มีคุณภาพชีวิตสูงกว่าระดับความปวด 6 - 10(B = -1.137, p = 0.190, 95% CI = -2.843 ถึง 0.568) แต่ไม่มีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติสรุป : ผู้ป่วยปวดหลังส่วนล่างเรื้อรังส่วนใหญ่มีคุณภาพชีวิตอยู่ในเกณฑ์ปานกลาง ดังนั้น การค้นหาและปรับปรุงปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับคุณภาพชีวิตสามารถเพิ่มระดับคุณภาพชีวิตให้ดีขึ้นได้.

Safe Haven Implementation Brief, Roger Casey, Paul Smits, M. Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Integrating Domain Knowledge To Improve Signal Detection From Electronic Health Records For Pharmacovigilance, Ning Shang

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The intent of this dissertation is to make a contribution to the field of pharmacovigilance. Pharmacovigilance, also known as post-marketing drug surveillance, is the process of continued monitoring for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after drugs are released into the market. An ADR is a harmful or unpleasant reaction related to the use of a medical product. ADRs were reported to be between the fourth and sixth leading cause of death in the United States in 1994, accounting for 3-7% of medical hospital admissions. On account of the practice of pharmacovigilance, Vioxx (Rofecoxib) and Avandia (Rosiglitazone) are examples of high profile …

Cross-Cultural Adaptation Of The Foot Care Confidence Scale Into Thai And Relationship Between The Foot Care Confidence Scale And Foot Care Behavior In People With Diabetes, Wararom Kanchanasamut, Praneet Pensri, Prawit Janwantanakul, Somnuke Gulsatitporn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Diabetic foot care is a part of basic self-care for people with diabetes. The Foot Care Confidence Scale (FCCS), as a subjective measure, designed to measure foot care self-beliefs of people with diabetes, was previously introduced and used for assessing people with diabetes's confidence in carrying out foot care activities. However, there is a lack of such instrument for use in people with diabetes. It will be useful for assessing the confidence of foot care self-efficacy in people with diabetes. Objective : To cross-culturally adapt the Foot Care Confidence Scale into Thai and to test the reliability of …

Analytic Study Of Clinical Presentation Of Intracranial Space-Occupying Lesions In Adult Patients, Bashir A. Soomro, Sameen Khalid, Shafaq Alvi

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Intracranial space-occupying lesions can be caused by a variety of disease processes, ranging from neoplasms to non-neoplastic lesions including hematomas, abscesses and vascular malformations. This article provides an overview of varied clinical presentations of patients with intracranial space-occupying lesions.Methods:A total of 200 cases of intracranial space-occupying lesions presenting at Neuro Clinic and Care were retrospectively analyzed. Adult patients from all age groups and both genders were included in this study. Results: 165 patients (82.5%) had neoplastic lesions while 35 (17.5%) had non-neoplastic lesions. Metastatic lesions from primary tumor elsewhere in the body comprised the most common group with81 cases (40.5%), …

Knowledge, Attitude And Perceptions About Tetanus And Rabies Among Family Physicians; Results Of A Survey At A Teaching Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Siddiqui Sj, Jehan F, Awan S S, Mohammad Wasay

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

To assess the knowledge, attitude and perception among family physicians about tetanus and rabies. Setting: This study was conducted at the International Family Physicians Conference held at the Aga Khan University. Method: It was a cross sectional study of convenient sampling. The participants were asked to fill a pre-tested questionnaire comprising of 26 questions. Both open and close ended questions were included. A total of 111 doctors fulfilling the inclusion criteria filled in the questionnaire.Result: Out of 111 doctors who participated in this study, vast majority were working in the urban area (86.5%). 59.5% had not seen a case of …

Management Of Multiple, Late Onset Complications In A 33-Year-Old Female, With A Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt And Crohn's Disease, C Gkolemis, P Zogopoulos, P Kokkalis, G Stamatopoulos, N Syrmos, T.S. Paleologos

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Numerous complications can occur after the placement of a venticuloperitoneal shunt. The late onset of an autoimmune disease such as Crohn's disease can be the disruptive factor for a previously well functioning shunt. A 33-year-old female with a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt since the age of 7, as well as Crohn's disease since the age of 25, presented in the ER with dysuria, long-lasting fever and intermittent severe headache. The patient underwent a CT scan of the chest, abdomen and brain. An enlargement of the ventricular system was revealed, suggesting malfunction of the shunt. Simultaneously, the abdominal scan revealed an abnormal course …

Cramp Fasciculation Syndrome: A Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability Disorder, Bhojo A. Khealani

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Cramp fasciculation syndrome is mildest among all the peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorders, which typically presents with cramps, body ache and fasciculations. The diagnosis is based on clinical grounds supported by electrodiagnostic study. We report a case of young male with two months’ history of body ache, rippling, movements over calves and other body parts, and occasional cramps. His metabolic workup was suggestive of impaired fasting glucose, radiologic work up (chest X-ray and ultrasound abdomen) was normal, and electrodiagnostic study was significant for fasciculation and myokymic discharges. He was started on pregablin and analgesics. To the best of our knowledge this …

Concepts Of Cancer And A Novel Cancer Therapy: Treating Tumors As An Aggressive Organ, Stephen J. Beebe

Bioelectrics Publications

No abstract provided.

Pkc-Dependent Phosphorylation Of Enos At T495 Regulates Enos Coupling And Endothelial Barrier Function In Response To G(+) -Toxins, Feng Chen, Sanjiv Kumar, Yanfang Yu, Saurabh Aggarwal, Christine Gross, Yusi Wang, Trinad Chakraborty, Alexander D. Verin, John D. Catravas, Rudolf Lucas, Stephen M. Black, David J. R. Fulton

Bioelectrics Publications

Gram positive (G(+)) infections make up similar to 50% of all acute lung injury cases which are characterized by extensive permeability edema secondary to disruption of endothelial cell (EC) barrier integrity. A primary cause of increased permeability are cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) of G(+)-bacteria, such as pneumolysin (PLY) and listeriolysin-O (LLO) which create plasma membrane pores, promoting Ca2+-influx and activation of PKC alpha. In human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC), pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, ETU reduced the ability of LLO to increase microvascular cell permeability suggesting an endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent mechanism. LLO stimulated superoxide production …

Evaluation Of Eight Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidates For Protection Against Challenge With Virulent Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberclosis In Mice, John Bannantine, Jamie L. Everman, Sasha J. J.Rose, Lmar Babrak, Robab Katani, Raul G. Barletta, Adel M. Talaat, Yrjö J. Gröhn, Yung-Fu Chang, Vivek Kapur, Luiz E. Bermudez

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Johne's disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), which results in serious economic losses worldwide in farmed livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. To control this disease, an effective vaccine with minimal adverse effects is needed. In order to identify a live vaccine for Johne's disease, we evaluated eight attenuated mutant strains of MAP using a C57BL/6 mouse model. The persistaence of the vaccine candidates was measured at 6, 12, and 18 weeks post vaccination. Only strains 320, 321, and 329 colonized both the liver and spleens up until the 12-week time point. The remaining five mutants …

Perspective Volume 2: Number 2, Summer-Fall 2014, College Of Health Care Sciences

Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Transgender Patients: Communication Pearls For Pharmacists, Emmanuelle Schwartzmann, Thomas Kleyn

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Understanding the unique communication needs of transgender patients is critical in order to minimize health disparities and patient barriers to care. As this population gains more social and political acceptance, pharmacists must be equipped to provide medical acceptance through knowledge of how to appropriately communicate with these patients through active listening, empathy, and sensitivity, while maintaining a high standard of respect and privacy.

Implementing An Online Social Network For Health Communication, Christian Shaw

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Through end-user design based research methodology, we developed an interactive online social network that specifically communicates informative and harm reduction strategies for alcohol and illicit drug use to University students. Twenty-four demographically representative University undergraduates were recruited to participate in a two part quantitative/qualitative pilot study intended to assess usability of the website and explore necessary components to optimize website design and interactive experience for its target population. Website usability was assessed by participant completion of the modified Standard Usability Scale. Website design optimization was explored through focus group sessions. Based on the results of this pilot study, it is …

The Walking Interview: An Ethnographic Approach To Understanding Disability, Mary Butler, Sarah Derrett

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

The purpose of this paper is to describe a method of interviewing where walking is explicitly the focus. The interviews were one element of a qualitative study, which was part of a multi-method prospective outcomes of injury study. Four participants were purposively chosen for follow up because they had an injury following a pre-existing disability. The results of this study indicate walking as a method of interviewing has the capacity to add depth and richness to the kind of information obtained. The process of walking lends itself a range of affordances, including shifting the power balance implicit in the research …

Integrated Clinical Experiences In A Campus Onsite Clinic: A Self-Contained Model Of Physical Therapy Clinical Education, Ann M. Wilson

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: This paper describes a self-contained model of integrated clinical experiences (ICEs) that take place during the academic portion of an entry-level physical therapist education program in a campus onsite clinic. Description of Model: Students participate in ICEs for three consecutive semesters. Students provide pro bono physical therapy services to individuals with impairments, functional limitations, or changes in physical function resulting from a variety of health conditions. In addition, students participate in an exercise/wellness program for individuals who wish to improve or maintain their current levels of fitness. The first ICE consists of second-year students observing/assisting third-year students in the …