Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

“Sou Doméstica:” Construções De Identidade E Saúde Das Trabalhadoras Domésticas Salvador, Bahia Brasil, Jenny Fauci

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

O mundo do trabalho doméstico é um mundo invisível de discriminação, desvalorização e exploração. No Brasil, existem milhões de trabalhadoras domésticas, na sua maioria mulheres, negras e que vêm de histórias pobres. Essas trabalhadoras domésticas enfrentam uma agressão profunda contra a dignidade, direitos, saúde, e identidade delas.

Nesta pesquisa, perguntamos sobre a relação entre identidade e saúde. Como é que a identidade afeta a saúde? Qual é a natureza desta relação? A motivação para esta pergunta vem da invisibilidade das condições de saúde—como uma expressão do corpo e da mente-- desta população e também o reconhecimento que a identidade duma …

Chironian Fall/Winter 2006, New York Medical College

The Chironian

No abstract provided.

The Missing Piece: Understanding Nairobi’S Traditional Medical Practitioners, Mufaddal Dahodwala

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Currently, there is a problem of access to biomedical health services to large portions of Nairobi’s population. Traditional herbal medicine has long been practiced in Kenya, and though studies have shown that traditional medicine has been effective against certain acute and chronic illnesses, it has been marginalized in the health service sector. By integrating traditional medicine into mainstream healthcare, a larger proportion of the Kenyan population will be able achieve access to adequate health services. However, there has not been enough discussion about traditional medicine from a holistic point of view. Without adequate discussion, traditional medicine will remain in the …

Individual Responsibility Concerning Hiv Transmission Among Msm: A Comparative Study Of The Effectiveness Of Ngo Intervention Policies And Their Practical Applications Within The United Kingdom, Australia, And The Netherlands, Martha Kienbaum

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study investigates the complexities involved in utilizing the terms of individual responsibility for the construction of HIV prevention campaigns that target men who have sex with men. Four health workers in the Netherlands were interviewed about their personal opinions regarding HIV intervention, and these interviews were analyzed qualitatively for their points of comparison and contrast. Then, campaign materials from organizations in the United Kingdom and Australia were analyzed for their use of the language of responsibility, their portrayal of MSM, their balance between promoting disclosure and communication, their focus on individual groups within the MSM community, and their overall …

Positive Living: Nutritional Realities And Interventions For People Living With Hiv/Aids In Northwest Province, Cameroon, Rachael Massell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

In this paper I will discuss the range of realities and interventions relating to nutrition for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in the Northwest Province of Cameroon. After discussing the background of the topic, including the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the facts about nutrition and HIV, I will move on to discuss the methodology and findings from my fieldwork in the provincial capital, Bamenda. In the section titled “Realities,” I will detail the poverty, local diet, and stigma that PLWHA face everyday, in the context of the province with the nation’s highest prevalence rate, and present PLWHA’s own justification of the …

Genetic Bases Of Executive Control In Preschool Children: Trails-P Performance Is Related To Drd2 Genotype, S. A. Wiebe, M. Y. Chang, J. Huggenvik, T. Jameson, K. A. Espy

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

Several studies link the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) with executive control and the ability to adapt behavior to changing contextual contingencies in human adults (Roesch-Ely 2005; Rodriguez-Jimenez 2006) and in animal models (Kruzich 2004). The present study examined relations between DRD2 and executive control in human development. Recently, a version of the Trail-Making Task suitable for preschool children was developed, which does not require knowledge of letters or numbers (TRAILS-P; Espy 2004). The Trail-Making Test is a neuropsychological test sensitive to frontal or executive dysfunction (Reitan 1955) where subjects must connect stimuli on a page in sequence, connecting letters only …

2005 American Society For Parenteral And Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) Standards And Guidelines Survey, David Seres, Charlene Compher, Douglas Seidner, Laura Byham-Gray, Jane M. Gervasio, Stephen Mcclave, A.S.P.E.N. Standards And Guidelines Committees

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

An online survey about the use and format of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) Standards and Guidelines documents was conducted. The survey was sent to A.S.P.E.N. members, and an acceptable number of responses were received (470, or 9% of those surveyed). Most respondents indicated an overall satisfaction with the standards and guidelines and suggested format changes, many of which will be incorporated into future guidelines and standards. The results of this survey are presented here for general interest. Changes in the process with which A.S.P.E.N. produces standards and guidelines are discussed.

Biological Psychiatry: A Practice In Search Of A Science, W. Joseph Wyatt, Donna M. Midkiff

Psychology Faculty Research

The rise of the biological causation model in the past thirty years is traced to psychiatry’s efforts to regain lost status and to protect itself from intrusions by non-medical practitioners, as well as to the pharmaceutical industry’s drive for profits. Evidence in support of the model, including studies of identical twins and of brain structure and function, are less revealing than was earlier thought, due to problems in methodology and interpretation. Organized psychiatry, when challenged in 2003, was unable to provide compelling evidence for biological causation of most mental and behavioral disorders. A paradigm shift away from biological causation and …

Six-To-One Gets The Job Done: Comments On The Reviews, W. Joseph Wyatt, Donna M. Midkiff

Psychology Faculty Research

We are pleased to note that six of the seven responses to our article were marked by approval, and/or thoughtful contemplation, regarding our central theses—that the research said to support biological causation of mental disorders is relatively weak, and that the claims of drug effectiveness are often overstated.

Uab Nursing - Fall 2006, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Nursing magazine

No abstract provided.

Environmental Equity Is Child's Play: Mapping Public Provision Of Recreation Opportunities In Urban Neighbourhoods, Jason Gilliland, Martin Holmes, Jennifer D. Irwin, Patricia Tucker

Geography & Environment Publications

This paper examines the spatial distribution of recreational opportunities for children and youth in a mid-sized Canadian city (London, Ontario), in relation to the socioeconomic status of neighbourhoods and estimated local need for publicly provided recreation spaces. Public recreation facilities (N = 537) throughout the city were identified, mapped and analysed in a geographic information system. To explore potential socio-environmental inequities, neighbourhoods (N = 22) were characterized by socioeconomic and environmental variables, an index of neighbourhood social distress, a neighbourhood play space needs index, and measures of the prevalence and density of recreational opportunities. The results of the …

Structural Mri Discriminates Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment From Age-Matched Controls: A Combined Neuropsychological And Voxel Based Morphometry Study, Mehul A. Trivedi, Allison K. Wichmann, Britta M. Torgerson, Michael A. Ward, Taylor W. Schmitz, Michele L. Ries, Rebecca L. Koscik, Sanjay Asthana, Sterling C. Johnson

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Background: Several previous studies have reported that amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with greater atrophy in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG). Method: In the present study, we examined the cross-sectional accuracy (i.e., the sensitivity and specificity) of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in discriminating individuals with MCI (n = 15) from healthy age-matched controls (n = 15). In addition, we also sought to determine whether baseline GM volume predicted aMCI patients that converted to AD from those that did not approximately 2 years after the baseline visit. …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 48 Number 2, Fall 2006, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - TRUTH, LEGEND, AND JESSE JAMES By Ron Hansen M.A. '95. Jesse James' exploits made him a legend even in his own time. Now the author of the novel The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford reveals what it takes to get beyond coloring book heroes and villains to understanding a charming psychopath and his killer. Plus insights into the making of the forthcoming film starring Brad Pitt and Casey Affleck.

14 - VIOLENCE IN THE MOVIES By Jim Shepard. Movies keep giving us more motion, more mayhem-which is exactly what we want. But what price …

Stress And Fatigue In Foreign Language Professionals: Implications For Global Security, James A. Mccubbin, June J. Pilcher, Thomas W. Britt, Thomas Wallsten

Publications

Information critical to the security of nations is embedded in an array of foreign languages. Foreign language professionals must often analyze complex information from different language sources, and the integrity of their analyses can significantly affect corporate and government decision-making, policy development, and response to world events. Psychological stress and fatigue can degrade the performance of foreign language professionals resulting in errors that may adversely affect security. Optimal design of work organization and work environments, individual stress management training, and augmented cognitive linguistics may facilitate the performance of foreign language professionals. Strategic assessment and management of stress and fatigue in …

Effects Of A Personified Guide On Adherence To An Online Program For Alcohol Abusers., Daniel Z Lieberman

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

The quality of the therapeutic alliance has robust effects on the outcome of psychotherapy and psychopharmacologic interventions. Automated behavioral health programs that are being developed to increase access to mental health treatment are administered in the absence of direct human participation, thereby precluding the development of a traditional therapeutic relationship. The aim of this study was to develop a personified guide designed to stimulate reactions similar to those experienced in a therapeutic relationship, and evaluate the effect of the guide on adherence to and satisfaction with an online alcohol use evaluation program. After completing a battery of four standard questionnaires …

Annual Report To The Nation On The Status Of Cancer, 1975–2003, Featuring Cancer Among U.S. Hispanic/ Latino Populations, Holly L. Howe, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Lynn A. G. Ries, Vilma Cokkinides, Faruque Ahmed, Ahmedin Jemal, Barry A. Miller, Melanie Williams, Elizabeth Ward, Phyllis A. Wingo, Amelie Ramirez, Brenda K. Edwards

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. The American Cancer Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Cancer Institute, and North American Association of Central Cancer Registries collaborate annually to provide U.S. cancer information, this year featuring the first comprehensive compilation of cancer information for U.S. Latinos.

METHODS. Cancer incidence was obtained from 90% of the Hispanic/Latino and 82% of the U.S. populations. Cancer deaths were obtained for the entire U.S. population. Cancer screening, risk factor, incidence, and mortality data were compiled for Latino and non-Latino adults and children (incidence only). Long-term (1975– 2003) and fixed-interval (1995–2003) trends and comparative analyses by disease …

Treatment Of Spinal Tuberculosis: Role Of Surgical Intervention, Ather Enam, Ahmed Ali Shah

Section of Neurosurgery

The treatment of tuberculosis of the spine (Pott's disease) is essentially conservative and a vast majority of patients can be successfully managed on antituberculo us therapy (ATT) alone.1 Surgery is indicated in a few specific cases where deformity of spine, pain, or neurological compromise is becoming a serious issue. In cases where surgery is indicated the benefits are almost immediate and excellent. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of infectious disease-related deaths in under-developed countries and it has had a resurgence in developed countries as well. The most common site of bony dissemination of this disease is in …

The Locomotor Kinematics Of Asian And African Elephants: Changes With Speed And Size, John R. Hutchinson, Delf Schwerda, Daniel J. Famini, Robert H.I. Dale, Martin S. Fischer, Rodger Kram

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

For centuries, elephant locomotion has been a contentious and confusing challenge for locomotion scientists to understand, not only because of technical difficulties but also because elephant locomotion is in some ways atypical of more familiar quadrupedal gaits. We analyzed the locomotor kinematics of over 2400 strides from 14 African and 48 Asian elephant individuals (body mass 116-4632 kg) freely moving over ground at a 17-fold range of speeds, from slow walking at 0.40 m s^-1 to the fastest reliably recorded speed for elephants, 6.8 m s^-1. These data reveal that African and Asian elephants have some subtle …

Nurses Alumni Association Bulletin, Fall 2006, Paula Levine, Elizabeth K. Prisnock, Sally H. Wagner, John J. Wagner

Nursing Alumni Bulletins

2006 - 2007 Meeting Date Calendar

2007 Annual Luncheon & Meeting Notice

Officers, Committee Chairs, Satellite and Volunteers

The President's Message

Treasurer's Report

Resume of Minutes

Office News

Committee Reports

• Relief Trust Fund
• Satellite - Harrisburg Satellite Area
• Scholarship
• Nominating
• Bulletin
• Social
• Development

Annual Giving

Janet C. Hindson Award Recipients and Nominees

Janet C. Hindson Award Qualifications

Quotes from Janet C. Hindson's Recipients Letters

Quotes from Janet C. Hindson's Nominees

Recipient's Acceptance Speech

Happy Birthday To Be 80 or More

Luncheon Attendees

Center page

50th Anniversary Class

Reflections on Fifty Poignant Years of Nursing

News About Graduates

Memories

Louisiana Bound: …

Download Full Pdf Issue Of Thomas Jefferson University Mph Public Health Link Newsletter, Vol. 2, Iss. 7, October 2006

Public Health Link

Vol. 2, Iss. 7 includes a description of the The Albert Schweitzer Fellowship, a faculty spotlight on the Thomas Jefferson University and the Rwanda Healing Project and new course offerings for the spring.

Stress, Coping, Social Support, And Prostate Cancer Risk Among Older African American And Caucasian Men, Ann L. Coker, Maureen Sanderson, Gary L. Ellison, Mary Kay Fadden

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Objectives: While psychosocial stress and high effort coping have been associated with reduced immune function, no epidemiologic study has addressed psychological stress and risk of prostate cancer. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the association between stress, coping, social support, and risk of prostate cancer among older men (age 65–79 years). Design: Population-based case-control study in South Carolina.

Participants: Cases were 400 incident, histologically confirmed prostate cancer cases identified through the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry between 1999 and 2001 (70.6% response rate). Controls were 385 men identified through the 1999 Health Care Financing Administration Medicare beneficiary file …

Victims Struck Out By Logging, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Tractors/Logging

To prevent injuries while felling trees:

• Loggers should attend the Kentucky Master Logger program for training and education regarding Occupational Safety and Health Administration logging standards and safety procedures.
• A “pre-job safety plan” should be developed for each job site and the plan should be reviewed prior to each day on the site.
• Proper notching and directional felling techniques should be utilized when felling trees.
• Develop a felling plan for each tree prior to felling that includes escape route, dead or hanging branches, vines, and nearby trees.

Polymorphism Of Hla-Dr And Hla-Dq In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients And Clinical Response To Methotrexate--A Hospital-Based Study, Azra Arif I Ali, Tariq Moatter, Jawed Altaf Baig, Ahmed Iqbal, Azmat Hussain, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To investigate the frequency and distribution of DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and analyze the relationship between clinical response to methotrexate (MTX) and the HLA-DR and HLA-DQ genotypes in these patients.
Methods: In this case-control study, the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 polymorphism in 91 RA patients and 91 healthy controls was done using polymerase chain reaction and sequence specific primers.
Results: There was no statistical difference in frequencies of HLA-DRB1*03, DRB1*04, DRB1*07, DRB1*10, DRB1*11, DRB1*12, DRB1*13, DRB1*14, DRB1*15 and DRB1*16 genotypes between patients and controls. However, DRB1*01 was found to be significantly more common (p=0.015) …

Health And Needs Assessment Of Geriatric Patients: Results Of A Survey At A Teaching Hospital In Karachi, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Hammad Ashraf Ganatra, Sarah Tehseen, Waris Qidwai

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To study the health and needs of geriatric patients

Methods: A questionnaire based survey of patients visiting the out-patient department of Aga Khan University was carried out. Ethical requirements were met and included administration of informed consent and provision of confidentiality to patients. Convenience sampling was used without any randomization for interviews. Epi-info and SPSS software were used for data management.

Results: Four hundred and two (402) subjects above the age of 65 were surveyed. Most of the subjects were retired (40.5%) married (76.4%) men (69.7%). Ages ranged from 65 to 90 years, the mean being 70.57 years and …

Physical Activities In Adolescent Girls: Variability In Energy Expenditure, Karin A. Pfeiffer, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Robert G. Mcmurray, Margarita S. Treuth, David M. Murray, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Background - Understanding interindividual variability of energy expended in common activities is important for determining precise estimates of energy expenditure in surveillance studies and clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to describe the variability in energy expenditure for selected physical activities among adolescent girls.

Methods - Seventy-four adolescent girls (aged 13 to 14 years) participated in this cross-sectional investigation. Data were collected in 2001 and analyzed in 2004. Energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry for ten activities and during a submaximal cycle ergometer test, which was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Variability in energy expended for the …

Mild Cognitive Impairment, Activity Participation, Functional Difficulty, & Adaptations , Laraine Winter, Laura N. Gitlin

Center for Applied Research on Aging and Health Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Lipin Expression Is Attenuated In Adipose Tissue Of Insulin-Resistant Human Subjects And Increases With Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Γ Activation, Aiwei Yao-Borengasser, Neda Rasouli, Vijayalakshmi Varma, Lesliie M. Miles, Bounleut Phanavanh, Tasha Starks, Jack Phan, Horace J. Spencer Iii, Robert E. Mcgehee Jr., Karen Reue, Philip A. Kern

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

Lipin-α and -β are the alternatively spliced gene products of the Lpin1 gene, whose product lipin is required for adipocyte differentiation. Lipin deficiency causes lipodystrophy, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in mice, whereas adipose tissue lipin overexpression results in increased adiposity but improved insulin sensitivity. To assess lipin expression and its relation to insulin resistance in humans, we examined lipin-α and -β mRNA levels in subjects with normal or impaired glucose tolerance. We found higher expression levels of both lipin isoforms in lean, insulin-sensitive subjects. When compared with normal glucose-tolerant subjects, individuals with impaired glucose tolerance were more insulin resistant, …

Letters Of The Bush: A Case Study Of Traditional Setswana Herbal Medicine, Kristen Danley

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Traditional medicinal techniques in southern Africa are under-studied, but they continue to play an important role in many people’s lives. In addition to its anthropological value, traditional medicine also has the potential to lead to new treatments for diseases. This study proposed to document the plants and methods used by a traditional healer in the village of Goo-Tau, Tswapong Hills region, Central District, Botswana.

The study was conducted over a period of three weeks through a series of interviews. Samples were collected of selected plant species. Plants were identified both during and after the study through field guides and consultation …

Hubungan Antara Pendidikan Seksual Yang Didapat Melalui Orang Tua, Peer Group Dan Media Massa Dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja : Studi Kasus Pada Smu "X" Jakarta, Dini Handayani

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

Adolescent’s sexual behavior can be controlled to be inactive by providing sexual education to them. From 215 adolescenst,63.3% seldom receive sexual education from their parent. There’s 76.7% respondents get sexual education through peer group. 68.8% respondent admits that receive frequent sexual education through mass media. There’re 77.7% respondents are sexually inactive. Liveliness depends on various activities and also its intensity. There’re 22.3% respondents never having courtship. 3.3% respondents, who have motived in courtship, have sexual activity before married. From relation between variables, the respondents who seldom receive sexual education have possibility consider 0.83 more sexually active than the respondents who …

Dampak Pemasyarakatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak Terhadap Perilaku Kesehatan Komunitas Saran, Isbandi Rukminto Adi

Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial

The Health condition has been recognized as one of the indicators of the welfare condition in one community. In relation to that assumption, this article will describe the condition of mother and children in such areas in Indonesia which related to the Official Development Assisstance (ODA) programme which had been introduced by the Japan International Cooperation Agency. The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook programme had been undertaken for about 10 years and has shown different results in many different areas in Indonesia. This article will show the effect of the MCH handbook programme to the mother’s child health behaviour …