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2000

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Articles 1171 - 1200 of 1581

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Men's Basketball Media Guide 2000-2001, Indiana State University Jan 2000

Men's Basketball Media Guide 2000-2001, Indiana State University

Intercollegiate Athletics

No abstract provided.


Football Media Guide 2000, Indiana State University Jan 2000

Football Media Guide 2000, Indiana State University

Intercollegiate Athletics

No abstract provided.


Pérou: Les Gestionnaires Doivent Régulièrement Veiller Á La Qualité Des Soins, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Pérou: Les Gestionnaires Doivent Régulièrement Veiller Á La Qualité Des Soins, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Nsu Substance Abuse Counseling And Education Master's Degree Program Designed For The Working Professional, Nova Southeastern University Jan 2000

Nsu Substance Abuse Counseling And Education Master's Degree Program Designed For The Working Professional, Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.


Lineage-Restricted Function Of Nuclear Factor Kappab-Inducing Kinase (Nik) In Transducing Signals Via Cd40., Norman Garceau, Yoko Kosaka, Sally Masters, John Hambor, Reiko Shinkura, Tasuko Honjo, Randolph J. Noelle Jan 2000

Lineage-Restricted Function Of Nuclear Factor Kappab-Inducing Kinase (Nik) In Transducing Signals Via Cd40., Norman Garceau, Yoko Kosaka, Sally Masters, John Hambor, Reiko Shinkura, Tasuko Honjo, Randolph J. Noelle

Dartmouth Scholarship

CD40 signaling in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs) is critical for the development of humoral and cell-mediated immunity, respectively. Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) has been implicated as a central transducing kinase in CD40-dependent activation. Here, we show that although NIK is essential for B cell activation, it is dispensable for activation of DCs. Such data provide compelling evidence that different intermediary kinases are used by different cellular lineages to trigger NF-kappaB activation via CD40.


Ultrasonographic Renal Size In Individuals Without Known Renal Disease, Niels-Peter Buchholz, Farhat Abbas, Syed Raziuddin Biyabani, Qaiser Javed, Jamsheer Jehangir Talati, Masood Afzal, Imtiaz Rizvi Jan 2000

Ultrasonographic Renal Size In Individuals Without Known Renal Disease, Niels-Peter Buchholz, Farhat Abbas, Syed Raziuddin Biyabani, Qaiser Javed, Jamsheer Jehangir Talati, Masood Afzal, Imtiaz Rizvi

Section of Urology

Objective: In order to establish some preliminary data of our population, we determined the ultrasonographic kidney dimensions in individuals withoud known renal disease. We assessed whether age, sex, side, body mass index (BMI) and presence or absence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension affect the renal size.
Methods: Ultrasonographic kidney measurements were performed on 194 adult patients without known kidney lesions. Measurements included length, width, cortical thickness and estimation of renal size which was obtained by multiplying the first three variables. The effect of age, gender, side, height, weight, BNll, hypertension and diabetes mellitus was statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean kidney …


Cellular Release Of And Response To Atp As Key Determinants Of The Set-Point Of Signal Transduction Pathways, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Caroline Gregorian, Paul A. Insel Jan 2000

Cellular Release Of And Response To Atp As Key Determinants Of The Set-Point Of Signal Transduction Pathways, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Caroline Gregorian, Paul A. Insel

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The determinants of “basal” activity of signaling pathways regulating cellular responses are poorly defined. One possibility is that cells release factors to establish the set-point of such pathways. Here we show that treatment of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells with the nucleotidase apyrase decreases basal arachidonic acid release and cAMP production 30–40% and that inhibitors of P2Y receptor action also affect basal and forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation. Changing medium prominently increases extracellular levels of ATP in Madin-Darby canine kidney, COS-7, and HEK-293 cells. Mechanical stimulation of ATP release likely occurs in virtually every experimental protocol with cultured cells, implicating such release and …


Effect Of Actinomycin D And Cycloheximide On Ischemic Preconditioning-Induced Delayed Cardioprotective Effect In Rats, Devinder Singh, Ajay Sharma, Manjeet Singh Jan 2000

Effect Of Actinomycin D And Cycloheximide On Ischemic Preconditioning-Induced Delayed Cardioprotective Effect In Rats, Devinder Singh, Ajay Sharma, Manjeet Singh

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, and cycloheximide, a translation inhibitor, on the delayed cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Left thoracotomy was performed in anaesthetized rats at 4th/5th intercostal space and polypropylene suture (5-0) was employed to occlude left common coronary artery. Ischemic preconditioning was produced by four episodes of 5 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 5 min of reperfusion and thoracic cavity was sutured. Left thoracotomy was performed again after 24 hr of ischemic preconditioning and left coronary artery was occluded for 30 min followed by reperfusion for …


Novel Approaches For Designing 5'-O-Ester Prodrugs Of 3'-Azido-2'3'-Dideoxythymidine (Azt), Keykavous Parang, Leonard I. Wiebe, Edward E. Knaus Jan 2000

Novel Approaches For Designing 5'-O-Ester Prodrugs Of 3'-Azido-2'3'-Dideoxythymidine (Azt), Keykavous Parang, Leonard I. Wiebe, Edward E. Knaus

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

3'-Azido-2'3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, 1, zidovudine, RetrovirTM) is used to treat patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. AZT, after conversion to AZT-5'-triphosphate (AZT-TP) by cellular enzymes, inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT). The major clinical limitations of AZT are due to clinical toxicities that include bone marrow suppression, hepatic abnormalities and myopathy, absolute dependence on host cell kinase-mediated activation which leads to low activity, limited brain uptake, a sort half-life of about one hour in plasma that dictates frequent administration to maintain therapeutic drug levels, low potential for metabolic activation and/or high susceptibility to catabolism, and the rapid development of resistance by HIV-1. …


The Effect Of Leadership Behaviors On Employee Commitment, Satisfaction, And Strength Of Culture, Robert I. Bonar Jan 2000

The Effect Of Leadership Behaviors On Employee Commitment, Satisfaction, And Strength Of Culture, Robert I. Bonar

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the link between leadership behaviors and employee commitment, satisfaction and strength of culture in hospitals. The subjects were five executives in not-for-profit hospitals that had measured the culture of their hospitals with the same instrument twice over a longitudinal period of time. During the intervening period the leadership of the hospital had undertaken particular interventions in an effort to improve employee commitment, satisfaction, and strength of the culture. The assessment scores were collected for each of the hospitals, and the leaders were then interviewed using a semi-structured interviewing technique with an interview guideline to determine exactly what …


Adolescent Girls' Livelihoods. Essential Questions, Essential Tools: A Report On A Workshop, Carey Meyers Jan 2000

Adolescent Girls' Livelihoods. Essential Questions, Essential Tools: A Report On A Workshop, Carey Meyers

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report, co-published by the Population Council and the International Center for Research on Women, describes a workshop convened in Cairo in 1999 to learn more about the nature of both younger and older adolescents' work experience, differentiate the particular needs and potentials of adolescent girls, and identify programs and policies that might have promise for supporting them.


Alone You Are Nobody, Together We Float: The Manuela Ramos Movement, Judith Bruce, Debbie Rogow Jan 2000

Alone You Are Nobody, Together We Float: The Manuela Ramos Movement, Judith Bruce, Debbie Rogow

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Quality/Calidad/Qualité, a publication of the Population Council, highlights examples of clinical and educational programs which bring a strong commitment, as well as innovative and thoughtful approaches, to the issue of quality care in sexual and reproductive health. The series is based on the philosophy that women and their partners have a fundamental right to respectful treatment, information, choice, and follow-up from reproductive health care providers. This issue discusses improving women’s health and well being through a range of empowerment strategies in rural Peru.


Managing Population-Environment Systems: Problems Of Institutional Design, Geoffrey Mcnicoll Jan 2000

Managing Population-Environment Systems: Problems Of Institutional Design, Geoffrey Mcnicoll

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In population–environment systems human activity is inherently part of the system rather than something to be minimized in order to maintain or restore “natural” environmental conditions. Issues arising in managing such systems are discussed in this paper. The system’s boundaries must be identified, defining its human participants and its ecological content. Procedures for monitoring demographic and environmental change in the system must be set up and consensus must be reached on how to evaluate that change.


Unmet Need For Family Planning In Developing Countries And Implications For Population Policy [Arabic], John B. Casterline, Steven W. Sinding Jan 2000

Unmet Need For Family Planning In Developing Countries And Implications For Population Policy [Arabic], John B. Casterline, Steven W. Sinding

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Unmet need for family planning has been a core concept in international population discourse for several decades. In this paper we reevaluate its utility. We review the history of unmet need and the development of increasingly refined methods of its empirical measurement. We then turn to the main questions that have been raised about unmet need during the past decade, some of which concern the validity of the concept and others its role in the post-ICPD environment. The discussion draws heavily on empirical research conducted during the 1990s, much of it localized, in-depth studies combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies, that …


Greater Investments In Children Through Women's Empowerment: A Key To Demographic Change In Pakistan?, Valerie L. Durrant, Zeba Sathar Jan 2000

Greater Investments In Children Through Women's Empowerment: A Key To Demographic Change In Pakistan?, Valerie L. Durrant, Zeba Sathar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Women’s status has received considerable attention as a significant factor in demographic behavior and outcomes in South Asia however, little research has addressed the links between women’s status and their investments in children. In this paper, we empirically investigate how women’s status on multiple levels is associated with demographic outcomes. Using data from the Pakistan Status of Women and Fertility Survey in rural Punjab, we confirm that empowered women, or those with higher status, are better able to make positive investments in their children, thus increasing their children’s chances of survival during infancy and increasing their likelihood of ever attending …


Adolescent Pregnancy And Parenthood In South Africa, Carol E. Kaufman, Thea De Wet, Jonathan Stadler Jan 2000

Adolescent Pregnancy And Parenthood In South Africa, Carol E. Kaufman, Thea De Wet, Jonathan Stadler

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

South Africa’s total fertility rate is estimated to be one of the lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, less than 3.0 births per woman nationally and declining. At the same time, adolescent childbearing levels remain high more than 30 percent of 19-year-old girls are reported to have given birth at least once. Using evidence from focus groups conducted in urban and rural areas in South Africa with young black women and men, and with the parents of teenage mothers, we consider the experience of early parenthood. Specifically, the analysis explores four aspects of teenage childbearing as it relates to key transitions into …


Spatial Variation In Contraceptive Use In Bangladesh: Looking Beyond The Borders, Sajeda Amin, Alaka Malwade Basu, Rob Stephenson Jan 2000

Spatial Variation In Contraceptive Use In Bangladesh: Looking Beyond The Borders, Sajeda Amin, Alaka Malwade Basu, Rob Stephenson

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper tries to promote a more complete understanding of social change by analyzing spatial patterns of contraceptive use in Bangladesh and the contiguous state of West Bengal in India. The paper takes it’s cue from earlier analysis which found strong evidence of higher contraceptive prevalence in districts of Bangladesh that border Bengali speaking districts on India, as well as from analysis of fertility decline in historical Europe where language played a critical role. Using multilevel analysis to control for variations in individual and household level correlates, mapping districts that deviate considerably from their regional averages, the analysis highlights an …


Schooling Opportunities For Girls As A Stimulus For Fertility Change In Rural Pakistan, Zeba Sathar, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Cem Mete, Minhaj Ul Haque Jan 2000

Schooling Opportunities For Girls As A Stimulus For Fertility Change In Rural Pakistan, Zeba Sathar, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Cem Mete, Minhaj Ul Haque

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper tests Caldwell’s mass schooling hypothesis in the context of rural Pakistan. His hypothesis was that the onset of the fertility transition is closely linked to the achievement of “mass formal schooling” of boys and girls. Punjab and Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP) were selected for this study because they appear to be on the leading edge of the demographic transition-a transition that has only recently begun-as suggested by rapid recent increases in contraceptive practice. The study covered a range of rural villages or communities with very different socioeconomic and schooling conditions in order to examine the effects of both …


Tai Chi, Balance, Functional Mobility, Fear Of Falling, And Health Perception Among Older Women., Helen Mckenzie Taggert Jan 2000

Tai Chi, Balance, Functional Mobility, Fear Of Falling, And Health Perception Among Older Women., Helen Mckenzie Taggert

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.


Y2k Bug On Diagnostic Instrument, Global Year 2000 Problem, V. Wiwanitkit Jan 2000

Y2k Bug On Diagnostic Instrument, Global Year 2000 Problem, V. Wiwanitkit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.


Burkina Faso: Upgrading Postabortion Care Benefits Patients And Providers, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Burkina Faso: Upgrading Postabortion Care Benefits Patients And Providers, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

At the request of the Family Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health in Burkina Faso, the Reproductive Health Research Network (CRESAR) conducted a study during 1996–98 to introduce emergency care for women with complications from miscarriage or unsafe abortion. With technical assistance from the Population Council and JHPIEGO, CRESAR trained staff at two large hospitals in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso to provide postabortion care (PAC). Training for physicians, nurses, and midwives covered manual vacuum aspiration, family planning methods, infection prevention, and communication with patients. Staff also participated in the development of policies and standards for PAC services. To measure changes …


Senegal: Train More Providers In Postabortion Care, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Senegal: Train More Providers In Postabortion Care, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Recognizing unsafe abortion as a serious health problem, the government of Senegal adopted a national health strategy in 1997 that aims to halve the number of unsafe abortions by 2001. In 1997, the Center for Training and Research in Reproductive Health (CEFOREP) and the Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic (CGO) at Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital in Dakar introduced new clinical techniques to improve emergency treatment for women with complications from miscarriage or abortion. CGO and two other teaching hospitals served as pilot sites. Physicians, nurses, and midwives at the three sites received training in manual vacuum aspiration, family planning, and …


Senegal: Capacite A Más Proveedores En Atención Postaborto, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Senegal: Capacite A Más Proveedores En Atención Postaborto, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Kenya: Offer Family Planning On Hospital Wards, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Kenya: Offer Family Planning On Hospital Wards, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In Kenya, more than one in three women hospitalized for gynecological problems has complications from miscarriage or unsafe abortion. These women generally receive no information or services for family planning (FP) or other reproductive health needs. During 1996–97, the Kenya Ministry of Health, the Population Council, and Ipas tested three models for providing postabortion care (PAC) and FP information and services in two areas of the hospital. Researchers compared model effectiveness by using surveys before and after the intervention. As concluded in this brief, the most effective way to ensure that women being treated for incomplete abortion obtain FP is …


Kenia: Ofrezca Servicios De Planificación Familiar En Salas Hospitalarias, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Kenia: Ofrezca Servicios De Planificación Familiar En Salas Hospitalarias, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Peru: Managers Must Monitor Quality Of Care Regularly, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Peru: Managers Must Monitor Quality Of Care Regularly, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In the late 1980s, Peru’s National Family Planning Program within the Ministry of Health (MOH) assigned method-specific targets to clusters of health facilities. In 1998, the MOH changed its policies to ensure that services responded to individual reproductive health needs and wishes. It eliminated method quotas, ended voluntary surgical contraception campaigns, and issued norms to ensure quality of care and informed choice. In 1999, the Population Council collaborated with the MOH to determine whether providers were complying with the new guidelines and, secondarily, to develop a monitoring system to assess compliance over time. As concluded in this brief, family planning …


Perú: Los Administradores Deben Supervisar Rutinariamente La Calidad De La Atención, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Perú: Los Administradores Deben Supervisar Rutinariamente La Calidad De La Atención, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Egypte: Les Prestataires De Service De Planification Familiale Doivent Encourage Les Discussions Sur Les Problèmes Sexuels, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Egypte: Les Prestataires De Service De Planification Familiale Doivent Encourage Les Discussions Sur Les Problèmes Sexuels, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.


Kenya: Identifying Rtis Remain Problematic: Prevention Is Essential, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Kenya: Identifying Rtis Remain Problematic: Prevention Is Essential, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Since 1990, the Nakuru Municipal Council (Kenya) has implemented a multifaceted program to reduce the incidence of reproductive tract infections (RTIs), especially those that are sexually transmitted, including HIV/AIDS. Staff in the Council’s five health clinics use syndromic management guidelines, based on clients’ reported symptoms and clinical signs, to identify clients with RTIs. In 1998, the Population Council conducted a study to assess the accuracy of syndromic management and determine the best ways to integrate RTI management into existing antenatal (ANC) and family planning (FP) services. After an assessment of existing RTI services, 18 nurses from the five municipal clinics …


Kenia: La Identificación De Las Itr Sigue Siendo Un Problema: La Prevención Es Esencial, Frontiers In Reproductive Health Jan 2000

Kenia: La Identificación De Las Itr Sigue Siendo Un Problema: La Prevención Es Esencial, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.