Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Chromokinesin Kid Is Necessary For Chromosome Arm Orientation And Oscillation, But Not Congression, On Mitotic Spindles, Aime A. Levesque, Duane A. Compton

Dartmouth Scholarship

Chromokinesins have been postulated to provide the polar ejection force needed for chromosome congression during mitosis. We have evaluated that possibility by monitoring chromosome movement in vertebrate-cultured cells using time-lapse differential interference contrast microscopy after microinjection with antibodies specific for the chromokinesin Kid. 17.5% of cells injected with Kid-specific antibodies have one or more chromosomes that remain closely opposed to a spindle pole and fail to enter anaphase. In contrast, 82.5% of injected cells align chromosomes in metaphase, progress to anaphase, and display chromosome velocities not significantly different from control cells. However, injected cells lack chromosome oscillations, and chromosome orientation …

Bacterial Rnase P Holoenzyme Crosslinking Analysis Reveals Protein Interaction Sites On The Rna Subunit, S. M. Sharkady, J. M. Nolan

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Analogs, Hans Peter Spielmann, Douglas A. Andres, Kareem A.H. Chehade

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Patents

The post-translational addition of a farnesyl moiety to the Ras oncoprotein is essential for its membrane localization and is required for both its biological activity and ability to induce malignant transformation. The present invention describes design and synthesis of a farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) analog, 8-anilinogeranyl pyrophosphate (AGPP) that is transferred to Ras by farnesyltransferase (FTase), in which the ω-terminal isoprene unit of the farnesyl group has been replaced with an aniline functionality. AGPP potently inhibited FTase activity in vitro (IC₅₀=0.6 μM) and is highly selective showing little inhibitory activity against either geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type I (GGTase I) (IC_{50 …}

Ada News - 09/03/2001, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Eliciting The Low-Activity Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Asian Phenotype By An Antisense Mechanism Results In An Aversion To Ethanol., E Garver, Tu Gc, Q N Cao, M Aini, F Zhou, Y Israel

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

A mutation in the gene encoding for the liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2-2), present in some Asian populations, lowers or abolishes the activity of this enzyme and results in elevations in blood acetaldehyde upon ethanol consumption, a phenotype that greatly protects against alcohol abuse and alcoholism. We have determined whether the administration of antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (ASOs) can mimic the low-activity ALDH2-2 Asian phenotype. Rat hepatoma cells incubated for 24 h with an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO-9) showed reductions in ALDH2 mRNA levels of 85% and ALDH2 (half-life of 22 h) activity of 55% equivalent to a >90% inhibition in ALDH2 …

Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (Aids) And Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (Hiv) In Nevada – Annual Surveillance Report (1999), Mary Guinan, Nancy Kreher, Drew Mather, Wei Yang

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Background:

Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the most severe manifestation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. AIDS was first reported in the world in 1981 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Statewide surveillance for AIDS was begun in 1982. Because the cause of AIDS was unknown at that time, the surveillance case definition included many opportunistic infections and tumors. Persons with AIDS were noted to have abnormalities in their immune system that left them susceptible to certain infections. As more information became available, the AIDS surveillance case definition was modified.

In 1984, HIV was found to be the …

Therapeutic Electromagnetic Field Effects On Angiogenesis And Tumor Growth, C. Douglas Williams, Marko S. Markov, W. Elaine Hardman, Ivan L. Cameron

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background: A new approach to cancer therapy based on the application of therapeutic electromagnetic fields (TEMF) has been developed by EMF Therapeutics, Inc., Chattanooga, TN, USA. This study was designed to assess the effect of TEMF on tumor vascularization and growth of murine 16/C mammmary adenocarcinoma cells in C3H/HeJ mice.

Materials and Methods: Implanted tumors were allowed to grow for seven days until the tumor volume reached 100 mm3 before treatment was started. Mice (20 per control, 10 per EMF exposed group) received treatment (10 minutes per day with 0, 10 mT, 15 mT or 20 mT) with a 120 …

Bilateral Cervical Radiculopathy As A Presentation Of Spinal Tuberculosis: Report Of Two Cases, G R. Sharma, Rashid Jooma

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Stenting, T U. Haq, M Sanaullah, H Mohsin, M Y. Sheikh, B Ahmed

Department of Radiology

Objective: Bilary stenting with endoprosthesis is a palliative procedure to relieve malignant biliary obstruction. Percutaneous transhepatic technique has been employed whenever endoscopic technique was not possible or had failed.SETTING: Angiography/intervention suite, department of radiology, Aga Khan University hospital, Karachi.Methods: We present retrospective analysis of 17 patients with malignant jaundice who were treated with percutaneous techniques after the endoscopic route had failed.Results: The success rate was 94% with placement of single plastic stent in 14 patients, double stents in 3 patients and self-expandable stent in one patient. The overall complication rate was 41% including sepsis, liver abscess, biloma formation, biliary leakage …

The Environment Of Child Maltreatment: Contextual Factors And The Development Of Psychopathology, Debra B. Hecht, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Some professionals have hypothesized that the observed problems in children who have been maltreated may actually be a result of the combination of risk factors surrounding the child, including but not limited to direct results of the abuse itself. This article examines the complexity of hypothesized pathways to poor adjustment after physical and sexual abuse. The literature on the impact of major risk factors associated with maltreatment is reviewed in an attempt to clarify the potential contributions of these contextual variables on the development of psychopathology in physically and sexually abused children. The implications this analysis may yield for prevention, …

July - September 2001 Nhrd Quarterly Report, Unm Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center

Native Health Database project records

NHRD quarterly report.

A Mutation In The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Leads To Impaired Ocular Shedding In Acutely Infected Calves, Melissa Inman, Luciane Lovato, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle, and infection is usually initiated in the ocular or nasal cavity. Like other alphaherpesviruses, BHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons but has the potential of reactivating from latency and spreading. The only abundant viral transcript expressed during latency is the latency-related (LR) RNA, which is alternatively spliced in trigeminal ganglia during acute infection (L. R. Devireddy and C. Jones, J. Virol. 72:7294–7301, 1998). LR gene products inhibit cell cycle progression (Y. Jiang, A. Hossain, M. T. Winkler, T. Holt, A. Doster, and C. Jones, J. Virol. 72:8133–8142, 1998) and chemically …

Application And Interpretation Of Simple Odds Ratios In Physical Therapy-Related Research, Pamela Levangie

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Over the past several decades, physical therapists have demonstrated an increasing responsiveness to the profession's obligation to generate objective evidence for examination and intervention strategies employed in physical therapy practice. This trend is evident, not only in the increasing number of journals that are publishing physical therapy research, but in the growing sophistication of research design and analytic options used by investigators. At the same time, physical therapists are held increasingly accountable for adopting an evidence-based approach to practice. The result for many of us is a growing concern about our ability to interpret study findings. The ability to independently …

Expression Of Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein-72 (Tag-72) Antigen In Human Prostatic Adenocarcinomas., Dev Karan, Sonny L. Johansson, Ming-Fong Lin, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tumor-specific antigens are usually defined by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and can play critical roles in the diagnosis and therapy of carcinomas. Despite advances in the understanding of the molecular genetics of human prostate carcinomas, therapeutic approaches require that tumor-specific markers, preferably on the cell surface, should be defined. In this study, we examined the expression of an oncofetal antigen tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72) in prostatic adenocarcinomas with a Gleason grade of six or higher. Using a second generation MAb CC49 against TAG-72, immunoreactivity was detected in 88% (29/33) of the prostatic cancer tissues. Occasionally, the benign epithelium showed a very faint …

Nonparametric Techniques To Extract Fuzzy Rules For Breast Cancer Diagnosis Problem, Manish Sarkar, Tze-Yun Leong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper addresses breast cancer diagnosis problem as a pattern classification problem. Specifically, the problem is studied using Wisconsin-Madison breast cancer data set. Fuzzy rules are generated from the input-output relationship so that the diagnosis becomes easier and transparent for both patients and physicians. For each class, at least one training pattern is chosen as the prototype, provided (a) the maximum membership of the training pattern is in the given class, and (b) among all the training patterns, the neighborhood of this training pattern has the least fuzzy-rough uncertainty in the given class. Using the fuzzy-rough uncertainty, a cluster is …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 50, Number 4, September 2001

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume 50, Number 4, September 2001 Alumni achievement awards: Bacharach and Higgins earn the association’s highest honor, page 4 Underrepresented minority scholarship committee, page 5 Building our resources: innovative new partnerships, page 6 Annual giving raises over $2.3 million, page 12

Angiotensin Ii And Vegf Are Involved In Angiogenesis Induced By Short-Term Exercise Training, Sandra L. Amaral, Paula E. Papanek, Andrew S. Greene

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Results from our laboratory have suggested a pathway involving angiotensin II type 1 (AT₁) receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation. The present study investigated if similar mechanisms underlie the angiogenesis induced by short-term exercise training. Seven days before training and throughout the training period, male Sprague-Dawley rats received either captopril or losartan in their drinking water. Rats underwent a 3-day treadmill training protocol. The tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested under anesthesia and lightly fixed in formalin (vessel density) or frozen in liquid nitrogen (VEGF expression). In controls, treadmill training …

Continuous Quality Assessment; Development Of A Simple Computer Based Model For Audit, N K. Waheed, F S. Awan, A Ahad, A Rahman, K M. Pal

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: Accurate assessment of quality of care is a fundamental first step in the process of quality improvement. The vast amount of data generated in a hospital mandates some form of computerization for management of information. We describe a locally developed simple computer based program to access relevant information from a hospital patient management network. The objective was to reduce the amount of manual work involved for busy clinicians attempting to audit quality of care.Methods: A single surgical procedure, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy was chosen. Quality indicators were identified by literature review as conversion rate from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy and length …

Pain Control In Healthcare Organizations: Developing Effective Disease Management Programs, C. Richard Chapman, Stephen D. Lande, Bill H. Mccarberg, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Although medicine possesses the knowledge and technology for preventing or relieving most pain, poor pain control is still widespread. Unrelieved pain causes unnecessary suffering and increases health care expenditures. Among the barriers to improving pain control are poor provider education in pain management, misguided beliefs about the inevitability of pain and the dangers of pain medication, provider resistance to changing practice patterns, and administrative resistance to implementing improvements that incur short-term costs but lead to long-term savings. In short, poor pain relief in America's health care institutions is a system issue, and improvement requires a system-wide change. An effective program …

The Theater Of Birth: Scenes From Women's Scripts, Lisa Hanson, Leona Vandevusse, Kathryn Shisler Harrod

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

An analogy between theater and birth is drawn from analyses of women's birth stories to describe birth from a fresh perspective. Birth and theater are compared using the theatrical production elements: setting, casting, props, set, behind the scenes, script, and roles. Selected examples from women's birth stories highlight each element. Nurses' roles are significant during labor and birth, but nurses' abilities to fulfill these roles are threatened. This analogy promotes rethinking of nursing actions in the theater of birth. Implications for clinical practice are provided, including altering the birth environment, offering choices, and maintaining the woman's role as star.

Maternal And Child Reports Of Behavioral Compensation In Response To Safety Equipment Usage, David Dilillo, George Tremblay

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: To assess maternal and child risk compensation behaviors in response to several commonly used safety measures.

Methods: We administered a previously validated self-report measure of risk tolerance to a total of 151 mothers and their children in grades 3–7. Mothers indicated the level of risk they would permit their child to assume; children were questioned regarding the degree of physical risk they would typically assume while unsupervised by an adult. Participating families were randomly assigned to conditions in which safety equipment either was or was not present during assessments of risk tolerance.

Results: Mothers who viewed the stimulus materials …

Iodo-Nonoxynol-9-Derivatives And Methods For Their Use, George Digenis, Philip Fowler, Kazuya Matsumoto, Gustavo Doncel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Mono- and di-iodinated nonoxynol-9-derivatives and methods for their use are disclosed.

Mission Possible? Maintaining The Safety Net In Urban And Rural Colorado, Karen Matherlee

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit examined urban safety-net concerns in Denver and rural safety-net issues in three communities in the eastern part of Colorado. The Denver segment featured Denver Health, an integrated health system that provides a continuum of services to diverse vulnerable populations. It explored delivery and financing issues for the system itself and in relation to payers, providers, and consumers (particularly through Community Voices) in its catchment area. The eastern Colorado segment focused on delivery and financing issues in Rocky Ford (community health center/migrant health services concerns), Limon (certified rural health center topics), and Hugo (critical-access hospital matters). The visit …

Ada News - 08/20/2001, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

W-2 In 2001: Wisconsin Works At Welfare Reform, Jennifer Ryan, Randy Desonia

National Health Policy Forum

This site visit took federal participants to Wisconsin, widely regarded as one of the pioneers of welfare reform. This site visit focused on Wisconsin Works (W-2), a statewide effort to reduce the state's welfare caseload and send clients to work. In particular, site visitors examined welfare reform policy, service delivery, and financing issues in Milwaukee, at that time the home of 85 percent of W-2 participants. Site visit participants heard from state officials, private-sector representatives, researchers, and advocates on the structure of W-2, its operating policies, and the effects of program implementation on low-income families. They toured a variety of …

Ada News - 08/06/2001, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Communication About End Of Life For Patients Living With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Scoping Review Of The Empirical Evidence, Shelagh K. Genuis, Westerly Luth, Sandra Campbell, Tania M. Bubela, Wendy S. Johnston

Office of the Provost

Background: Communication about end of life, including advance care planning, life-sustaining therapies, palliative care, and end-of-life options, is critical for the clinical management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. The empirical evidence base for this communication has not been systematically examined.
Objective: To support evidence-based communication guidance by (1) analyzing the scope and nature of research on health communication about end of life for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; and (2) summarizing resultant recommendations.
Methods: A scoping review of empirical literature was conducted following recommended practices. Fifteen health-related and three legal databases were searched; 296 articles were screened for inclusion/exclusion criteria; and quantitative …

The 6-Minute Walk Test And Alternatives: A Brief Review Of Literature, R. W. Bohannon, K. Sadaria

Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.

Information Interface - Volume 29, Issue 4 - August/September 2001, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Information Interface (1976 - 2009)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.

Medicare Coverage: Lessons From The Past, Questions For The Future, Robin J. Strongin

National Health Policy Forum

This paper describes the Medicare coverage process for emerging technologies and the ways it has changed over time. Issues addressed include both the national coverage process and local medical review policies, which account for 90 percent of the coverage determinations. The paper also includes a discussion of the relationship between the coverage process and technology assessment, payment systems and the ongoing debate over coverage criteria and levels of evidence.