Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Lack Of Correlation Of Wais Digit Span With Clox 1 And The Dementia Rating Scale In Mci, Jevin Jay Lortie, Ruth Remington, Heather Hoffman, Thomas B. Shea

Ruth Remington

No abstract provided.

Calming Music And Hand Massage With Agitated Elderly, Ruth Remington

Ruth Remington

Agitated behavior is a widespread problem that adversely affects the health of nursing home residents and increases the cost of their care. Agitated nursing home residents are more likely to be physically or chemically restrained, to fall and to have a lower quality of life. Current strategies to reduce agitated behavior tend to be costly. ^ This dissertation research examined a relatively inexpensive intervention to reduce the agitated behavior of cognitively impaired nursing home residents. The specific aim was to compare the effect of calming music or hand massage or a combination of calming music and hand massage on the …

Using Remote Sensing Data To Improve Rice Production In Kutigi, Niger State, Nigeria, Jibril Musa Phd, M B. Yunusa

Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria

This research work looked in the used of Remote Sensing to improve Agricultural production in Kutigi, Niger State. The aim of the study is to use remote sensing to improve rice farming activities in Kutigi, Niger State. It is very important to identify such methods to improve Agricultural production because experts are always interested in new researches and findings to better the standard of living in any environment. In view of this, Remotely-sensed data could be used or employed to elevate most of these agricultural problems in Kutigi through the following objectives: Using Landsat imagery to assess the present landuse …

Persistence Of Episomal Hiv-1 Infection Intermediates In Patients On Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy, Mark Sharkey, Ian Teo, Thomas Greenough, Natalia Sharova, Katherine Luzuriaga, John Sullivan, R. Bucy, Leondios Kostrikis, Ashley Haase, Claire Veryard, Raul Davaro, Sarah Cheeseman, Jennifer Daly, Carol Bova, Richard Ellison, Brian Mady, Kwan Lai, Graeme Moyle, Mark Nelson, Brian Gazzard, Sunil Shaunak, Mario Stevenson

Associate Professor Mark Nelson

Treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals with a combination of anti-retroviral agents results in sustained suppression of HIV-1 replication, as evidenced by a reduction in plasma viral RNA to levels below the limit of detection of available assays. However, even in patients whose plasma viral RNA levels have been suppressed to below detectable levels for up to 30 months, replication-competent virus can routinely be recovered from patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells and from semen. A reservoir of latently infected cells established early in infection may be involved in the maintenance of viral persistence despite highly active anti-retroviral therapy. However, whether virus replication …

Reconditioning Post Injury: Part 1 Musculoskeletal Injuries: Mechanisms And Causes, Rob Marc Orr

Rob Marc Orr

No abstract provided.

Trajectories Of Depression And Their Relationship With Health Status And Social Service Use, Chun-Min Chen, Judy Mullan, David Griffiths, Irene A. Kreis, Tzuo-Yun Lan, Herng-Chia Chiu

Professor David Griffiths

This longitudinal study was conducted between 1994 and 2004 in a cohort of Southern Taiwan community-living elderly residents. The study aims to explore the trajectories of depression and how these patterns differed between respondents who survived and those who died during data collection phases; this study also investigated how health status change and health/social service use predicted the different trajectories of depression. Eight hundred and ten participants had completed all six waves of the survey or were followed-up at each wave until death in the prospective study in Kaohsiung City. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule …

Trajectories Of Depression And Their Relationship With Health Status And Social Service Use., Hern Chiu, Chu Chen, Judy Mullan, David Atherton Griffiths, I. Kreis

Professor David Griffiths

This longitudinal study was conducted between 1994 and 2004 in a cohort of Southern Taiwan community-living elderly residents. The study aims to explore the trajectories of depression and how these patterns differed between respondents who survived and those who died during data collection phases; this study also investigated how health status change and health/social service use predicted the different trajectories of depression. Eight hundred and ten participants had completed all six waves of the survey or were followed-up at each wave until death in the prospective study in Kaohsiung City. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule …

Change Trajectories Of Chronic Disease, Disability And Depression Of A Chinese Elderly Population: Autoregressive Growth Curve Modelling, Herng-Chia Chiu, Chun-Min Chen, Judy Mullan, David Griffiths, Tzuo-Yun Lan, Irene Kreis, Min-Shyan Huang

Professor David Griffiths

No abstract provided.

Time Trends In And The Determinants Of Disability Among Elderly Taiwanese, 1994-2004, Chun-Min Chen, David Atherton Griffiths, Irene Kreis, Herng-Chia Chiu, Judy Mullan, Tzuo-Yun Lan

Professor David Griffiths

This longitudinal study was conducted between 1994 and 2004 in a cohort of southern Taiwan community-living elderly residents. This study aims to investigate the longitudinal change in disability, by using a ten-year longitudinal data set with six set cross-sectional data to exam-ine the trends of disability and the determinants. Disability was assessed using the Physical Activities of Daily Living (7PADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (7IADLs) scales. Socio-demographic factors; socioeconomic factors; living arrangements; lifestyle behaviours and health status were chosen as the predictors of each specific disability. eneralized estimating equation (GEE) regression models were used to analyse longitudinal data …

The Longitudinal Relationship Between Depression Symptoms And Disability For Older Adults: A Population-Based Study, Chun-Min Chen, Judy Mullan, Yung-Yu Su, David Atherton Griffiths, Irene Kreis, Herng-Chia Chiu

Professor David Griffiths

Background. Although depressive symptoms in older adults are common, their relationship with disability and the influence of disability on the development of depressive symptoms over time is not well understood. This longitudinal study investigates the change trajectories of both depressive symptoms and disability, as well as their associations over time. Methods. Participants included 442 community-dwelling older adults living in Taiwan, aged 65 years or older, who completed six waves of survey interviews. Depression was scored with the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule and disability with the instrumental and physical activities of daily living measure during each consecutive data collection wave. The …

Relationship Between Respiratory Load Perception And Perception Of Nonrespiratory Sensory Modalities In Subjects With Life-Threatening Asthma, Kathleen Davenport, Chien Huang, Matthew Davenport, Paul Davenport

Matthew P Davenport

Subjects with life-threatening asthma (LTA) have reported decreased sensitivity to inspiratory resistive (R) loads. It is unknown if decreased sensitivity is specific for inspiratory R loads, other types of respiratory loads, or a general deficit affecting sensory modalities. This study hypothesized that impairment is specific to respiratory stimuli. This study tested perceptual sensitivity of LTA, asthmatic (A), and nonasthmatic (NA) subjects to 4 sensory modalities: respiratory, somatosensory, auditory, visual. Perceptual sensitivity was measured with magnitude estimation (ME): respiratory loads ME, determined using inspiratory R and pressure threshold (PT) loads; somatosensory ME, determined using weight ranges of 2–20 kg; auditory ME, …

Elevated Cardiovascular Risk Among Adults With Obstructive And Restrictive Airway Functioning In The United States: A Cross-Sectional Study Of The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey From 2007 - 2010, Earl S. Ford, Ann G. Wheaton, David M. Mannino, Latitia Presley-Cantrell, Chaoyang Li, Janet B. Croft

David M. Mannino

Background

Reasons for the excess risk for cardiovascular disease among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remain unclear. Our objective was to examine the cardiovascular risk profile for adults with obstructive and restrictive impairments of lung functioning in a representative sample of adults from the United States.

Methods

We used data from adults aged 20–79 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2010 and had a pulmonary function test. The severity of obstructive impairment was defined by adapting the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria.

Results

Among 7249 participants, 80.9% had …

A Combined Phase I And Ii Open Label Study On The Effects Of A Seaweed Extract Nutrient Complex On Osteoarthritis, Stephen Myers, Joan O'Connor, J Helen Fitton, Lyndon Brooks, Margaret Rolfe, Paul Connellan, Hans Wohlmuth, Phillip Cheras, Carol Morris

Dr Hans Wohlmuth

Background: Isolated fucoidans from brown marine algae have been shown to have a range of anti-inflammatory effects. Purpose: This present study tested a Maritech® extract formulation, containing a blend of extracts from three different species of brown algae, plus nutrients in an open label combined phase I and II pilot scale study to determine both acute safety and efficacy in osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients and methods: Participants (n = 12, five females [mean age, 62 ± 11.06 years] and seven males [mean age, 57.14 ± 9.20 years]) with a confirmed diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee were randomized to …

أمراض الأطفال المزمنة, Suad Fahad Alferaih

Dr. Suad Fahad AlFuraih

No abstract provided.

Familial Clustering Of Habitual Constipation: A Prospective Study In Children From West Virginia, Yoram Elitsur, Jenna Dolan

Yoram Elitsur

Objective: To investigate familial clustering of habitual constipation in pediatric patients who attended our medical facilities. Patients and Methods: Children with the diagnosis of functional, habitual constipation or patients without constipation and their respective family members were prospectively recruited to our study. Constipation was established in all participants using a standard questionnaire (Rome criteria). Results: A total of 112 children and their families participated in the study, of which 37 were probands families (test) and 75 children and their respective family members constituted the control group. A total of 310 family members completed the questionnaire. No significant differences were found …

Fluticasone And Food Allergen Elimination Reverse Sub-Epithelial Fibrosis In Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Samer Abu-Sultaneh, Paul Durst, Virginia Maynard, Yoram Elitsur

Yoram Elitsur

Background Symptoms of vomiting and dysphagia in children with eosinophilic esophagitis may be related to the development of mucosal fibrosis. Aim Our aims were to (1) investigate esophageal fibrosis in children with EoE compared to patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and normal individuals, and (2) to assess the degree of mucosal fibrosis in patients with EoE before and after medical treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of esophageal biopsies from patients with EoE, GERD, and normal mucosa was performed. Demographic data, clinical information, eosinophil number, and sub-epithelial fibrosis was compared among the groups. A similar comparison was performed in EoE patients, …

Association Of Ubqln1 Mutation With Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome But Not Typical Als, Paloma Gonzalez-Perez, Yubing Lu, Ru-Ju Chian, Peter Sapp, Rudolph Tanzi, Lars Bertram, Diane Mckenna-Yasek, Fen-Biao Gao, Robert Brown

Dr Robert Brown

Genetic variants in UBQLN1 gene have been linked to neurodegeneration and mutations in UBQLN2 have recently been identified as a rare cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). OBJECTIVE: To test if genetic variants in UBQLN1 are involved in ALS. METHODS: 102 and 94 unrelated patients with familial and sporadic forms of ALS were screened for UBQLN1 gene mutations. Single nucleotide variants were further screened in a larger set of sporadic ALS (SALS) patients and unrelated control subjects using high-throughput Taqman genotyping; variants were further assessed for novelty using the 1000Genomes and NHLBI databases. In vitro studies tested the effect of …

Dsarm/Sarm1 Is Required For Activation Of An Injury-Induced Axon Death Pathway, Jeannette Osterloh, Jing Yang, Timothy Rooney, A. Fox, Robert Adalbert, Eric Powell, Amy Sheehan, Michelle Avery, Rachel Hackett, Mary Logan, Jennifer Macdonald, Jennifer Ziegenfuss, Stefan Milde, Ying-Ju Hou, Carl Nathan, Aihao Ding, Robert Brown, Laura Comforti, Michael Coleman, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Stephan Zuchner, Marc Freeman

Dr Robert Brown

Axonal and synaptic degeneration is a hallmark of peripheral neuropathy, brain injury, and neurodegenerative disease. Axonal degeneration has been proposed to be mediated by an active autodestruction program, akin to apoptotic cell death; however, loss-of-function mutations capable of potently blocking axon self-destruction have not been described. Here, we show that loss of the Drosophila Toll receptor adaptor dSarm (sterile alpha/Armadillo/Toll-Interleukin receptor homology domain protein) cell-autonomously suppresses Wallerian degeneration for weeks after axotomy. Severed mouse Sarm1 null axons exhibit remarkable long-term survival both in vivo and in vitro, indicating that Sarm1 prodegenerative signaling is conserved in mammals. Our results provide direct …

Genetic Determinants Of Cerebral Edema In Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study Of The Role Of Cacna1 And Aqp4 Gene Mutations, Raphael A. Carandang, Susanne Muehlschlegel, Wiley R. Hall, Cynthia Ouillette, Robert H. Brown Jr.

Dr Robert Brown

Cerebral edema is the one of the most significant predictors of poor outcome after traumatic brain injury. It is still unclear what the pathophysiological and cellular mechanisms and predictors of post-traumatic edema are. The exponential growth in genetic information has opened an avenue for investigation in traumatic brain injury and implicated specific genes in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic injury edema. Two examples are the Aquaporin-4 and CACNA1 genes, which respectively encode water and calcium channels. The Aquaporin-4 gene on chromosome 18q11.2-12.1 encodes the Aquaporin-4 protein (AQP4) water channel. AQP4 is one of the bidirectional high capacity water channels that is …

Targeted Mutation Of Mouse Skeletal Muscle Sodium Channel Produces Myotonia And Potassium-Sensitive Weakness, Lawrence Hayward, Joanna Kim, Ming-Yang Lee, Hongru Zhou, Ji Kim, Kumudini Misra, Mohammad Salajegheh, Fen-Fen Wu, Shinji Matsuda, Valerie Reid, Didier Cros, Eric Hoffman, Jean-Marc Renaud, Stephen Cannon, Robert Brown

Dr Robert Brown

Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyperKPP) produces myotonia and attacks of muscle weakness triggered by rest after exercise or by K+ ingestion. We introduced a missense substitution corresponding to a human familial HyperKPP mutation (Met1592Val) into the mouse gene encoding the skeletal muscle voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.4. Mice heterozygous for this mutation exhibited prominent myotonia at rest and muscle fiber-type switching to a more oxidative phenotype compared with controls. Isolated mutant extensor digitorum longus muscles were abnormally sensitive to the Na+/K+ pump inhibitor ouabain and exhibited age-dependent changes, including delayed relaxation and altered generation of tetanic force. Moreover, rapid and sustained weakness …

Identification Of Small Subunits Of Mammalian Serine Palmitoyltransferase That Confer Distinct Acyl-Coa Substrate Specificities, Gongshe Han, Sita D. Gupta, Kenneth Gable, Somashekarappa Niranjanakumari, Prasun Moitra, Florian Eichler, Robert H. Brown Jr., Jeffrey M. Harmon, Teresa M. Dunn

Dr Robert Brown

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first committed step in sphingolipid biosynthesis. In yeast, SPT is composed of a heterodimer of 2 highly-related subunits, Lcb1p and Lcb2p, and a third subunit, Tsc3p, which increases enzyme activity markedly and is required for growth at elevated temperatures. Higher eukaryotic orthologs of Lcb1p and Lcb2p have been identified, but SPT activity is not highly correlated with coexpression of these subunits and no ortholog of Tsc3p has been identified. Here, we report the discovery of 2 proteins, ssSPTa and ssSPTb, which despite sharing no homology with Tsc3p, each substantially enhance the activity of mammalian SPT …

Loss-Of-Function Variants In Endothelial Lipase Are A Cause Of Elevated Hdl Cholesterol In Humans, Andrew Edmondson, Robert Brown, Sekar Kathiresan, L. Cupples, Serkalem Demissie, Alisa Manning, Majken Jensen, Eric Rimm, Jian Wang, Amrith Rodrigues, Vaneeta Bamba, Sumeet Khetarpal, Megan Wolfe, Stephanie Derohannessian, Mingyao Li, Muredach Reilly, Jens Aberle, David Evans, Robert Hegele, Daniel Rader

Dr Robert Brown

Elevated plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with protection from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Animal models indicate that decreased expression of endothelial lipase (LIPG) is inversely associated with HDL-C levels, and genome-wide association studies have identified LIPG variants as being associated with HDL-C levels in humans. We hypothesized that loss-of-function mutations in LIPG may result in elevated HDL-C and therefore performed deep resequencing of LIPG exons in cases with elevated HDL-C levels and controls with decreased HDL-C levels. We identified a significant excess of nonsynonymous LIPG variants unique to cases with elevated HDL-C. In vitro lipase activity assays demonstrated …

Decreased Metallation And Activity In Subsets Of Mutant Superoxide Dismutases Associated With Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Lawrence Hayward, Jorge Rodriguez, Ji Kim, Ashutosh Tiwari, Joy Goto, Diane Cabelli, Joan Valentine, Robert Brown

Dr Robert Brown

Over 90 different mutations in the gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause approximately 2% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases by an unknown mechanism. We engineered 14 different human ALS-related SOD1 mutants and obtained high yields of biologically metallated proteins from an Sf21 insect cell expression system. Both the wild type and mutant "as isolated" SOD1 variants were deficient in copper and were heterogeneous by native gel electrophoresis. By contrast, although three mutant SOD1s with substitutions near the metal binding sites (H46R, G85R, and D124V) were severely deficient in both copper and zinc ions, zinc deficiency was not a …

Homologous Recombination Mediates Functional Recovery Of Dysferlin Deficiency Following Aav5 Gene Transfer, William E. Grose, K. Reed Clark, Danielle Griffin, Vinod Malik, Kimberly M. Shontz, Chrystal L. Montgomery, Sarah Lewis, Robert H. Brown Jr., Paul M. L. Janssen, Jerry R. Mendell, Louise R. Rodino-Klapac

Dr Robert Brown

The dysferlinopathies comprise a group of untreatable muscle disorders including limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, Miyoshi myopathy, distal anterior compartment syndrome, and rigid spine syndrome. As with other forms of muscular dystrophy, adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene transfer is a particularly auspicious treatment strategy, however the size of the DYSF cDNA (6.5 kb) negates packaging into traditional AAV serotypes known to express well in muscle (i.e. rAAV1, 2, 6, 8, 9). Potential advantages of a full cDNA versus a mini-gene include: maintaining structural-functional protein domains, evading protein misfolding, and avoiding novel epitopes that could be immunogenic. AAV5 has demonstrated unique …

Jual Obat Penggugur Kandungan Gorontalo 082328881996 Obat Aborsi Di Gorontalo, Dr Fitri

dr fitri

Changes In Heart Rate Associated With Contest Outcome In Agonistic Encounters In Lobsters, Jesus Hernandez-Falcon, Alo Basu, Siddhartan Govindasamy, Edward Kravitz

Siddhartan Govindasamy

1. Agonistic contests between lobsters housed together in a confined space progress through encounters of increasing intensity until a dominance relationship is established. Once this relationship is established, losing animals continually retreat from the advances of winners. 2. These encounters are likely to consume much energy in both winning and losing animals. Therefore, one might expect involvement of many physiological systems before, during and after fights. Here, we report effects of agonistic encounters on cardiac frequency in winning and losing adult lobsters involved in dyadic interactions. 3. The results show that: (i) small but significant increases in heart rate are …

Complex Adaptive Systems As A Model For Evaluating Organisational Change Caused By The Introduction Of Health Information Systems, Kieren Diment Mr, Ping Yu, K. Garrety

Dr Ping Yu

This paper documents the preliminary development of a framework for evaluating organisational change processes during the implementation of an electronic nursing documentation system in residential aged care facilities. It starts with a brief outline of organisational change processes. This is followed by a more detailed exposition of the principles underlying complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory, where we explain how mathematical concepts can be used to illuminate qualitative research approaches. Finally we present some preliminary findings on the facilitators and barriers for the introduction of the electronic documentation system, explained with reference to the CAS theory, based on analysis of interviews …

Model Selection For Cox Models With Time-Varying Coefficients, Jun Yan

Dr Jun Yan

Cox models with time-varying coefficients offer great flexibility in capturing the temporal dynamics of covariate effects on right censored failure times. Since not all covariate coefficients are time-varying, model selection for such models presents an additional challenge, which is to distinguish covariates with time-varying coefficient from those with time-independent coefficient. We propose an adaptive group lasso method that not only selects important variables but also selects between time-independent and time-varying specifications of their presence in the model. Each covariate effect is partitioned into a time-independent part and a time-varying part, the latter of which is characterized by a group of …

Public Health Return On Investment: Making The Case, Glen Mays

Glen Mays

Fiscal pressures and policy imperatives have created a need for rigorous economic analyses of public health programs and policies. ROI analyses can reveal whether the benefits of public health strategies justify their costs, who realizes these benefits and costs, and under what circumstances.

Geant4 Physics Processes For Microdosimetry Simulation: Design Foundation And Implementation Of The First Set Of Models, S. Chauvie, Z. Francis, S. Guatelli, S. Incerti, B. Mascialino, P. Moretto, P. Nieminen, Maria Pia

Susanna Guatelli

New physical processes specific for microdosimetry simulation are under development in the Geant4 Low Energy Electromagnetic package. The first set of models implemented for this purpose cover the interactions of electrons, protons and light ions in liquid water; they address a physics domain relevant to the simulation of radiation effects in biological systems, where water represents an important component. The design developed for effectively handling particle interactions down to a low energy scale and the physics models implemented in the first public release of the software are described.