Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Conocimientos, Creencias Y Reporte De La Práctica De Los Médicos Generales En Maracaibo, Venezuela, Acerca De Las Demencias, Alexis Romero-Salazar, Raima Rujano Roque, Gladys E. Maestre

School of Medicine Publications

The objective of this study is to explore the knowledge, beliefs, and reports of the practice of general physicians from primary care service units regarding dementia, its signs, symptoms, treatment and its impact in early diagnosis. In this exploratory research we applied a questionnaire to every general physician working at urban type 1 and 2 ambulatory centers in the public regional health system. A total of 26 centers were studied in Maracaibo and San Francisco, Venezuela. The results and conclusions demonstrate that there are obstacles to produce early diagnosis. There is a lack of knowledge in relation to diagnostic tests, …

[Pain In The Elderly: Prevalence And Associated Factors] Dolor En Adultos Mayores De 50 Años: Prevalencia Y Factores Asociados, Abel Jesús Barragán-Berlanga, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo

School of Medicine Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with pain in the Mexican elderly.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Persons ages 50 years or older answered the question: "Do you often suffer physical pain?" Prevalences were obtained, after which multivariate analyses were conducted for the entire sample and for each age group to determine the associated factors.

RESULTS: Pain prevalence was 41.5%, more frequent in women (48.3% vs. 33.6%) and increased with age. There was a lower prevalence for persons with more education. Pain was directly associated with the report of arthritis, lung disease, falls, hypertension, depression, stroke, cancer history and …

Prevalence Of Self-Reported Overweight-Obesity And Its Association With Socioeconomic And Health Factors Among Older Mexican Adults, Liliana Ruiz-Arregui, Lilia Castillo-Martínez, Arturo Orea-Tejeda, Silvia Mejia-Arango Dr.

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and its association with socioeconomic factors and comorbidities in a population-based study.

Material and methods: Data were examined from 4,605 persons ages 60 and older that participated in the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study, conducted in rural and urban communities in Mexico. The prevalence of obesity (according to self-reported weight and height) was obtained, stratified by age, and logistic regression was used to study cross-sectional associations between obesity and socioeconomic factors.

Results: Of the population studied, 20.9% were classified as obese and the prevalence diminishes with age. Overall, women were more likely …

Mortality Trend Due To Ischemic Heart Diseases In The City Of Curitiba – Brazil, From 1980 To 1998, Edevar Daniel, Helio Germiniani, Eleusis Ronconi Nazareno, Simone Viana Braga, Anderson M. Winkler, Claudio L. Pereira Da Cunha

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: To assess mortality trends due to ischemic heart diseases, per sex, and acute myocardial infarction, per sex and age range, from 1980 to 1998, in the city of Curitiba.

Methods: Data of death due to ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction from Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health), per sex, age range and domicile location in Curitiba were used. Population data were obtained from Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics Foundation). Mortality rates were adjusted per age through direct method, …

Nutritional Deficiencies In Adults And Elderly, Luis Falque Madrid, Gladys E. Maestre, Raquel Zambrano, Yoraida Morán De Villalobos

School of Medicine Publications

It is an unquestionable fact that the economic development and subsistence of nations depend highly on the health and adequate nutritional status of their economically active population. The concern arises in the light of evidence on adult nutritional deficiencies in some social strata of our country. Malnutrition is the pathological state that results from the inadequate consumption of one or more essential nutrients. Clinically it is manifested by biochemical tests and anthropometric indicators, and affects the response of the individual to different processes of disease as well as to the established therapies. Malnutrition is associated to loss of corporal fat …

Nongenetic Factors As Modifiers Of The Age Of Onset Of Familial Alzheimer's Disease, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Margarita Giraldo-Chica, David Pineda, Alfredo Ardila, Francisco Lopera

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: The purpose of this research was to identify environmental and personal factors that could be related to the variability in the age of onset of familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) (36-62 years). Methods: A sample was taken of 49 subjects with FAD and with the mutation E280A in the presenilin-1 gene on chromosome 14; the sample was divided into two subgroups: 27 individuals with age of onset of the disease between 36 and 46 years (early onset) and 22 individuals whose disease began between 47 and 62 years (late onset). Information on environmental and personal factors was collected by …

Efecto De La Terapia Hormonal De Reemplazo Sobre La Funcion Cognitiva En La Menopausia, Belinda Hómez De Delgado, Gloria Pino, Gladys E. Maestre

School of Medicine Publications

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal (TRH) sobre la función cognitiva en mujeres postmenopáusicas.

Métodos: Del registro de participantes en el “Estudio Maracaibo del Envejecimiento”, se seleccionaron 72 mujeres menopáusicas, entre 55 y 79 años. Treinta y seis mujeres fueron tratadas con TRH combinada continua con estrógenos equinos conjugados (EEC) y acetato de medroxiprogesterona (AMP) durante un año, y 36 mujeres no recibieron THR: controles, pareados. El grupo1: recibió EEC 0,625mg + AMP 2,5mg; el grupo2: EEC 1,25mg + AMP 5,0mg. A todas las mujeres se le aplicaron pruebas neuropsicológicas, antes y después del tratamiento.

Resultados: …

Polimorfismo De Apolipoproteína E Y Valores De Presión Arterial Ambulatoria Durante 24 Horas En Adolescentes [Apolipoprotein E Polimorphisms And Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring During 24 Hours In Adolescents], Egle Silva, Tulio Sulbarán, Gladys E. Maestre, Aldrin Molero, Waleska Fulkado

School of Medicine Publications

Objectives: To find the predictive value of apolipoprotein E (apo E) and ambulatory measure of blood pressure in adolescents.

Methods: We performed ambulatory monitoring of blood pres- sure (AMBP) in 176 adolescents (13.18 years old) of both genders who came to the Center of cardiovascular Disease at the University of Zulia (Venezuela). The average BP during wake, sleep and 24 hours as well as their variations, were regístered. Apo E gen was also determined by Polimerase chain and the diagnosis of the genotype was made on the gel photography according to the combination of bands of different sizes.

Results: …

Relación Entre Monitoreo Ambulatorio De Presión Arterial De 24 Horas Y Alteraciones En La Memoria Reciente De Adultos Mayores De 55 Años [Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitorization Statement With Recent Memory Disturbs In Adults Oldness Than 55 Years], Egle Silva, Aldrin Molero, Gloria Pino, Tulio Sulbarán, Gladys E. Maestre

School of Medicine Publications

We display a poblational and transversal cohort study with 402 male and female patients of 55 years old or than oldness, from Santa Lucía Maracaibo City Parroquial. Neuropsychologic essays were performs for recent memory evaluation; as a result we obtain two groups: with recent memory disturb and recent memory normal. Weight (kg), tall (m), body mass index (w/t2) and fortituos blood pressure with Dynamap Critikon were performs too. All patients were evaluated with an automatic engine for ambulatory blood pressure monitorization during vigil and sleep hours.

Our conclusions were: 1) Exist a relation of systolic blood pressure with recent memory …

The Use Of Brief Questionnaire In The Diagnosis Of Attention Deficit. [Uso De Un Cuestionario Breve Para El Diagnóstico De Deficiencia Atencional], David Pineda, Gloria C. Henao, I. C. Puerta, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Luisa F. Gomez, M. L. Miranda, Monica Rosselli, Alfredo Ardila, M. A. Restrepo, L. Murrelle

School of Medicine Publications

Introducción: Aunque la Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría ha definido los síntomas que conforman las dimensiones de la deficiencia de atención (DDA), no existe en español un instrumento cuantitativo para evaluar estos síntomas en los sujetos de la población general.

Objetivo: Determinar si una lista de síntomas para la DDA define las tres dimensiones de los síntomas de la DDA en una muestra representativa de una población escolar colombiana.

Pacientes y métodos: Se llevó a cabo una selección estratificada, probabilística y representativa de los niños y adolescentes (4 a 17 años) escolarizados de la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia. El censo del …

Sistema De Evaluación Multidimensional De La Conducta. Escala Para Padres De Niños De 6 A 11 Años, Versión Colombiana [A System Of Multidimensional Behavior Assessment. A Scale For Parents Of Children From 6 To 11 Years Of Age. Colombian Version], David Pineda, R. W. Kamphaus, O. Mora, M. A. Restrepo, I. C. Puerta

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC) has demonstrated to be useful in the diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).

Patients and methods: A randomized sample of 120 children, 6 to 11-year-old, participants from the school of the city of Medellín, Colombia, was selected. The sample was stratified by sex and two socioeconomic status (SES). Parents were asked to answer the BASC Parent Rating Scale (PRS) 6-11, authorized Spanish version.

Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.85 for the clinical scale (9 items). It was 0.75 for the Adaptive Scale (3 items). A scale designed with 4 items to assess ADD …

Uso De Una Escala Multidimensional Para Padres De Niños De 6 A 11 Años En El Diagnóstico De Deficiencia Atencional Con Hiperactividad [Use Of Multidimensional Scale For Parents Of Children Aged 6 To 11 For The Diagnosis Of Attention Deficit With Hyperactivity], David Pineda, R. W. Kamphaus, O. Mora, I. C. Puerta, L. G. Palacio, I. Jiménez, Silvia Mejia-Arango, M. García, J. C. Arango

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: The BASC is a multidimensional approach to evaluate the child behavior and it has been validated on the diagnosis of ADD/+H in North American children.

Objective: Validating BASC-PRS 6-11 on the diagnosis of ADD/+H.

Patients and methods: We selected 25 male DSM IV-ADD/+H (combined type), 6 to 11-years-old children, and 25 age, gender, and socioeconomic status matched controls. Mean ages of both groups 8.16 (1.5), schooling of controls 2.64 (1.4), and cases 2.6 (1.9).

Results: On the Clinical Scale ADD/+H children had significant (Anova p < 0.01) higher scores in hyperactivity, conduct problems, and attention problems. On the Adaptive Scale only significant differences on social skills and leadership were found, with lower score in the ADD/+H group. A crosstab analysis between group code and each rating variable transformed into categorical (0 and 1) variable, cut-off point = 85 percentile, found that the case children's parents qualified as clinically in higher risk the variables attention problems (OR = 24.4; 95% CI = 4.5-130), conduct problems (OR = 9.0; 95% CI = 1.7-46.9) and hyperactivity (OR = 6.8; 95% CI = 1.6-28.5) (p < 0.01). A discriminant analysis selected attention problems as discriminant function (p < 0.0001). Classification capability 84% for each group.

Conclusion: Our results proved the validity of the BASC-PRS 6-11 questionnaire for the screening …

Variabilidad En La Prueba De Boston Para El Diagnóstico De Las Afasias En Adultos Laboralmente Activos [Variability Of The Boston Test For The Diagnosis Of Aphasia In Active Working Adults], David Pineda, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Monica Rosselli, Alfredo Ardila, M. G. Romero, C. Perez

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of age, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), academic achievement (education), and type of occupation, on the performance of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) Spanish version.

Material and methods: The BDAE was administered to a group of 156, 19 to 60 years old, occupationally active normal subjects.

Results: A descriptive analysis showed that some subjects (1 to 3%) scored in the pathological range of the centiles and profiles of the BDAE. A MANOVA (p < 0.05) demonstrated a significant effect of education over most of the BDAE subtests. Females outperformed males on some reading and writing subtests. SES had an effect over body part identification and naming. Significant differences were observed between younger and middle age groups in confrontation naming, oral and word picture reading. The older group scored significantly lower than the younger group in serial writing and sentences to dictation. No differences were observed between the older and the middle groups. Only oral spelling was affected by the type of occupation but a significant interaction of occupation and level of education was found.

Conclusions: Language tests are influenced by demographic variables, particularly education. Normal variability on the BDAE should …

Synergistic Effects Of Traumatic Head Injury And Apolipoprotein 4 In Patients With Alzheimer’S Disease, R. Mayeux, R. Ottman, Gladys E. Maestre, C. Ngai, M.-X. Tang, H. Ginsberg, M. Chun, B. Tycko, M. Shelanski

School of Medicine Publications

The apolipoprotein 4 allele increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but cerebral deposition of B-amyloid with age, a genetic mutation, or head injury may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. We examined the risks of AD associated with traumatic head injury and apolipoprotein 4 in 236 community-dwelling elderly persons. A 10-fold increase in the risk of AD was associated with both apolipoprotein 4a nd a history of traumatic head injury, compared with a two-fold increase in risk with apolipoprotein 4 alone. Head injury in the absence of an apolipoprotein 4 allele did not increase risk. These data imply …

The Apolipoprotein Ε4 Allele In Parkinson's Disease With And Without Dementia, K. Marder, Gladys E. Maestre, L. Cote, H. Mejia, B. Alfaro, A. Halim, M. Tang, B. Tycko, R. Mayeux

School of Medicine Publications

The ϵ4 isoform of apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) may confer genetic susceptibility for familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because dementia in AD and Parkinson's disease (PD) share many biologic and clinical features, we determined the Apo-E genotypes for 79 patients with PD, 22 of whom were demented, and for 44 age-matched healthy elderly controls from the same community. We hypothesized that if the dementia was similar to AD, there would be a higher allele frequency of apolipoprotein ϵ4 (Apoϵ4) in demented PD patients compared with nondemented PD patients and controls. The ϵ4 allele frequency for PD without dementia was 0.132, …