Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Aerobic Exercise Prescription For An Asthmatic, Jeffrey Alan Mcclung

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Assertiveness Training With Mildly Mentally Retarded Institutionalized Persons, David Larry Bokor

Masters Theses

Assertiveness training is a psychological intervention strategy designed to develop the skills of individuals who fail to defend and express their rights, feelings, or beliefs in a straightfoward manner.

Currently there is no set procedure regarding the composition of assertiveness training when modified to suit the needs of various populations. However a vast majority of professionals do employ effective basic techniques, i.e. behavior rehearsal, coaching, feedback, and social reinforcement to shape assertive request and refusal behavior.

Low intelligence limits the mentally retarded person's ability to cope with emotional difficulties. Individuals that recognize their limitations often experience feelings of inadequacy, frustration, …

A Comparison Of Active And Inactive Senior Citizens On Selected Tests Of Balance, Strength, And Flexibility, Nancy J. Daum

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Body Weight, Percent Of Body Fat, Flexibility, And Agility Among Female Athletes From Four Selected Sport Groups And Modern Dancers, Seung Ho Yoon

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Analysis Of The Training, Internships, And Job Opportunities For Clinical And Counseling Psychologists, Mary Theresa Zirpoli

Masters Theses

Recent literature indicates that clinical and counseling psychologists are trained in very different ways, work with very different populations, and perform different skills. The literature also shows this traditional exclusivity to be vanishing. Three studies were conducted to determine similarities and differences in the training, internships, and types of jobs that clinical and counseling psychologists obtain. Data for the three studies were obtained from the curricula of 7k American Psychological Association approved graduate programs, six job opening lists from the American Psychological Association Monitor, and the American Psychological Internship Centers Manual. Variables included specific types of coursework, settings, patient population, …

Temporal Pattern Of Gluconeogenesis In Diabetic And Non-Diabetic Chinese Hamsters, John P. Ofenstein

Masters Theses

Gluconeogenesis is a normal physiological response of an individual to low blood glucose levels by which proteins are utilized in order to synthesize new glucose. Gluconeogenic rates in diabetic and normal Chinese hamsters were measured, on four different occasions over a 24 hour period, by injecting a radio-labelled precursor (¹⁴C-lactate) into the animals. Then blood was tested for incorporation of the label into glucose. In the fed state, gluconeogenesis shows a circadian change in nondiabetic hamsters as well as in diabetic hamsters, with the diabetic hamsters showing a significantly greater gluconeogenic rate than the non-diabetic hamsters for every …

The Hyperactive Child And The Family: A Procedural Approach To Evaluation And Treatment, Marian Maria Sofia Van Dooijeweert

Masters Theses

The purpose of the present thesis is to evaluate the hyperactive child in a manner that true hyperactivity will not be confused with hyperactive behaviors which are caused by illnesses, stress at school, stress at home, and with normal childhood energy.

No two hyperactive children are alike. They vary in personality, problems, strengths, weaknesses, and environment. In general, hyperactive children are said to have several common characteristics such as poor performance in school, short attention spans, impulsiveness, poor motor control, low frustration levels, and an inability to delay gratification of needs and demands.

Clinical experience reveals that most hyperactive children …

Intelligibility Of Speech Produced With An Artificial Larynx At Various Frequencies, Sandra Arlene Merritt

Masters Theses

Word intelligibility scores of 21 listeners were used to test the hypothesis that speech intelligibility will vary systematically across speakers and fundamental frequency of electrolarynx vibration.

Twenty-one listeners transcribed audio recorded lists of CVC utterances produced with an electrolarynx by 3 speakers at each of five fundamental frequencies.

Comparative analysis of scores across frequencies and speakers were discussed in terms of:

a) source transmission characteristics of "electrolaryngeal" speech, b) implications for diagnosis/therapeusis of alaryngeal speakers.

Results indicated that intelligibility scores were significantly different between speakers and between frequencies within speakers. Maximum intelligibility scores were more highly correlated with certain frequencies …

Counseling And Support Program For Retarded Adults: A Grant Proposal, Claudia Jo Unruh-Degood

Masters Theses

A grant is proposed to develop a consumer based counseling and support program to provide rehabilitation/ rehabilitation services in the areas of emotional, interpersonal and behavioral functioning for mentally retarded adults. A variety of therapeutic groups and a peer counseling program will be designed to utilize known principles of behavior. Provisions will be made for maximum client-consumer participation in all decision making processes of the program. Pre and post-treatment assessment measures will be employed to evaluate individual progress. It is expected that this treatment program will reduce emotional disturbance and maladaptive behaviors in the target population of mentally retarded adults. …

Acquisition And Transfer Of Behavior Management Skills: An Empirical Functional Analysis Of Staff And Client Gains, Elaine Bellis

Masters Theses

A multiple baseline design across instructional conditions was used to assess the effects of a s ta ff training package consisting of written rules, daily monitoring, public posting of performance data, and allotments of contingent break-time privileges on the behavior management skills of tutors in suppressing the stereotypic behavior of retarded individuals. The intervention package was sequentially introduced in three different instructional conditions in the following order: a group session, a one-to-one session, and a transition period. Following baseline, three tutors were trained to apply consistent and accurate consequences to varying rates of self-stimulatory behavior exhibited by three impaired subjects. …

The Detection Of Behavioral Effects In The F(Sub)1(/Sub) Generation Of Mice Treated During Spermatogenesis With Cyclophosphamide, Procarbazine Or Mitomycin C, Anthony Michael Podraza

Masters Theses

Five CF₁ male mice were injected with 300 mg Procarbazine, 2 mg of Mitomycin C, 40 mg of Cyclophosphamide per kg body weight or saline control. Each male was mated to two untreated females 1-2 and 8-9 weeks after treatment, allowing for the evaluation of treatment upon spermatooza and spermatogonium, respectively. Offspring were evaluated through observations of reproduction. Dominant lethal effect was seen in the 8-9 week Cyclophosphamide, 1-2 and 8-9 week Procarbazine groups. Decreased weights were seen in all three treatment groups from the two mating times. In the water escape test, the 1-2 week Mitomycin C, 8-9 …

The Management Of Blood Pressure Using Progressive Muscle Relaxation Under Nonstressful And Stressful Conditions, A. Janelle Maldonado

Masters Theses

Progressive muscle relaxation was assessed as a method, for controlling "blood pressure under stressful and nonstressful conditions using a multiple Baseline across subjects design* Three borderline hypertensive subjects were trained in two experimental conditions, progressive muscle relaxation under resting conditions (PMR) and progressive muscle relaxation while performing time-limited tasks known to produce temporary increments in blood pressure (PMR + Math). Generalization of training effects to nontraining conditions was assess ed in post-training, task only, sessions and in the home environment. Measures of changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as frontalis EMG were recorded once per minute for …

A Comparison Of Personality Self-Descriptions Using A Structured Personality Inventory And Open-Ended Personality Questionnaire And Critical Incident Survey, Birda Lee Walker

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to determine whether individuals presented with a well defined list of adjectives demonstrate suggestibility, i.e., would rate themselves differently on the Adjective Check List (ACL), versus the open-ended test such as the Clinical Analysis Questionnaire (CAQ) or Critical Incident Survey (CIS).

The participants in this study were 36 adult volunteers drawn from three different populations: 12 prison inmates, 12 undergraduates from a university, and 12 outpatients of a mental health clinic. The participants were administered the three tests in individual and group sessions.

The prisoners did not fake “bad" or "good" more so on …

Rational-Emotive Therapy: A Literature Review, William T. Castell

Masters Theses

This paper reviews the literature cm rational-emotive therapy (RET). The focus was on literature published from 1975 to the present, with emphasis on literature reviews and theoretical studies. Background material by Albert Ellis was included. A historical perspective is given of RET's origin and development. Its philosophy,, theory, and techniques are surveyed. Articular attention was given to RET's application to emotional education and undisturbed populations, especially those who exhibit creativity, high productivity, and above-average capabilities.

Most writers confirm the validity of RET’s theoretical base and conclude that it is effective as a preventive and curative method of psychotherapy. Others criticize …

Training Self-Control In Food Selection Through Verbal Self-Instruction, Thomas Vincent O'Melia

Masters Theses

This project was designed to teach children self-control through verbal self-instruction and self-reinforcement procedures prior to snack time in order to determine if they would learn to choose more nutritious foods during that period. Food facts and related health information were taught by the use of fictitious stories. In the experimental classroom the children heard stories, approximately 3 to 5 minutes long, that emphasized food facts and related health effects. After the stories, the children were allowed to go to a snack bar to select from "good and bad" foods. A set of questions and information was rehearsed prior to …

Effects Of The Serotonin Depletor Parachlorophenylalanine Upon Shock-Induced Aggression And Pressing Responses In Rats, Robert G. Sewell

Masters Theses

The literature concerning the effects of d, l-parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) upon shock-induced aggression (SIA) is reviewed and found to be inconsistent. PCPA, a known serotonin depletor, has behavioral effects in a variety of other procedures which collectively suggest that PCPA should produce SIA enhancement. The present study was designed to analyze PCPA (300 mg/kg) effects upon SIA in rats restrained spatially close to an inanimate target and panel operandum. The results showed marked increases in both aggressive biting and panel pressing for several days following each PCPA treatment for each subject tested. These data were interpreted to indicate that serotonin depletion …

Exercise As Antecedent Control Of Various Inappropriate Behaviors, Jan E. Bachman

Masters Theses

The effects of several levels of exercise on inappropriate behaviors of four trainable mentally impaired subjects were observed in a school setting. Treatment conditions, which occurred as the first daily activity, included (a) Phase I, daily alternating conditions of warm-up exercises and jogging at a moderate rate for a short distance; (b) Phase II, daily alternating conditions of no exercise and jogging at a vigorous rate for a moderate distance; and (c) Phase III, jogging at a vigorous rate for a moderate distance on consecutive days. For one subject two additional conditions, (a) Phase IV, jogging on consecutive days at …

Enuresis: A Case Study, Elaine Lee Phillips

Masters Theses

A 15-year-old male with a history of high rates of nocturnal enuresis was trained using the method of Azrin and Thienes (1978) and Azrin, Thienes, Hontos, and Besatel (1979). The method consisted of a 1 and 1/2-hour in-office training of the child and parents. The parents then conducted an intensive training day and subsequent procedures in the home. The procedures included reinforcement for increased urine retention and dryness, training for increased alertness to bladder cues and sensations of dryness, an over-correction procedure for wetness, and behavior rehearsals of correct toileting sequences. Using this method, the child ceased bedwetting. The Azrin …

A Comparison Of Perceived Exertion Ratings And Heart Rate Responses Of College Athletes During A Standardized Treadmill Test, Mpakaboari Fyneface

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Duties Of The Athletic Director And Activities Director In Central Illinois High Schools, Joe Tomlinson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Menstrual Cycle Effects On Blood Pressure, Body Weight And Heart Rates During Rest, Exercise And Recovery On College Athletes, Dawn J. Shutter

Masters Theses

Ten members of the Eastern Illinois University women's track team were used as subjects to determine the relationship of body weight, blood pressure and heart rate during rest, exercise and recovery to menstruation.

The subjects were tested on two different occasions. The first test was administered within twenty-four hours of the onset of menstruation. The second test was conducted seven days later. During both testing periods blood pressure, body weight and resting heart rate measurements were taken before beginning the treadmill protocol (progressive grade and speed increases up to 4% and 8 mph, respectively). The subjects ran on a motor …

A Comparison Of The Personality Characteristics Of Athletes And Non-Athletes At Eastern Illinois University, Alan Kirkup

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Total Communication On The Expressive Language Behavior Of Individuals Labeled Trainable Mentally Retarded, Lenore Aebischer

Masters Theses

The practice of total communication in language training for non-deaf individuals labeled mentally retarded has been guided by very little empirical evidence. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of a total communication approach facilitates an increase in the frequency of expressive language behavior in children labeled trainable mentally handicapped. The three subjects studied, one male and two females, were selected on the basis of age and I.Q. They were enrolled in a self-contained, public school which was located in a rural area of Illinois. A multi-element baseline procedure was used. Stimuli were presented using …

Analogic Communication As A Method Of Facilitating Change, Patricia Ann Tennery-Williams

Masters Theses

This thesis focused on nonverbal communication and the ways in which it may be employed to facilitate change in the context of psychotherapy. The anthropological, psychological, and medical literature was reviewed, and an overview presented of the relevant research on nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication forms a critical dimension in the overall communication in the psychotherapeutic interaction. The importance of the therapist’s recognition of nonverbal behaviors characteristic of particular personality structures as well as the functions of nonverbal messages was examined. The utilization of meaningful nonverbal behavior by the therapist can greatly facilitate the client's change into more healthy and constructive …

The Induced Histopathology Of The Testes And Epididymides Of Cf-1 Mice By Known Or Suspected Teratogens, Mutagens, And Carcinogens, Kevin K. Block

Masters Theses

With each passing year, humans are exposed to ever increasing numbers of chemical agents, many of which may have mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic effects on the human species. Animal studies must be performed on any chemical substance that is suspected of being acutely dangerous to humans by way of cancer induction or inducted malformations to infants. Seven drugs of known or suspected mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic potential were examined for their ability to induce histopathology in the testes and epididymides of CF-1 mice. Mitomycin-C, hydroxyurea, and adriamycin induced significant histopathology whereas predisolone, thalidomide, streptomycin sulfate, and polybrominated biphenyl induced minimal …

Magnitude Estimation Of The Quality And Intelligibility Of Degraded Speech, Theresa Smith

Masters Theses

The purpose of the study was to identify within-group and between-group differences in perceived quality and perceived intelligibility of degraded speech for listeners with normal and impaired hearing. Following a visual magnitude estimation task, 10 subjects with normal hearing and 10 subjects with sensory-neural hearing impairment listened to connected speech samples degraded by seven levels of harmonic distortion and estimated the magnitude of their quality and intelligibility. Log average quality estimates and log average intelligibility estimates varied linearly with log degradation values for each group. The slopes of the log-log functions were interpreted as measures of perceptual sensitivity. Slopes for …

An Analysis Of Validity Constructs In The Dichotic Listening And Hemispheric Competition Procedures, Wade Addam Kapik

Masters Theses

This investigation was designed to determine the validity of two categories of neuropsychological measures of cerebral dominance. Forty right-handed subjects were administered two dichotic listening tests and two hemispheric competition tests in a random order. The principal data showed that none of the four tests had sufficient levels of criterion-related and concurrent validity to be considered clinically useful in measuring laterality. In addition, a Baysean analysis of one of the dichotic listening tests indicated that it possessed a predictive validity of .79. Finally, the assertion that the scoring methods of each test are dynamically different was disputed, and Kinsbourne's interhemispheric …

A Multiple Baseline Analysis Of The Use Of A Social Skills Training Package With Shy Children, Patricia A. Haist

Masters Theses

The effects of social skills training were examined in a multiple baseline across behaviors design. Three shy children were taught four component conversational skills: expressing feelings, expressing opinions, agreeing with another's opinion, and praising others. The training package consisted of instructions, modeling, rehearsal, feedback, and reinforcement. Results indicated that treatment was highly effective for each child. The subjects' improvement remained evident at two- and four-week follow-up sessions. Generalization to novel role play situations was variable within and across subjects. Extra-laboratory measures of generalization did not yield significant pre-, posttraining results.

A Comparison Of Overall Verb Complexity Between Aphasic Adults And Language Disordered Children, Cheri Suzanne Carrico

Masters Theses

In this investigation, no difference in the overall complexity of verbs produced in spontaneous speech existed between adults and children with primarily expressive language disorders. Six adults, four males and two females between 37;1 and 68;7 years of age, and eight children, five males and three females between 4;3 and 8;3 years of age, comprised the subjects. Each had essentially intact receptive language skills, but was deficient in expressive language abilities. None evidenced a history of hearing, mental or emotional deficits.

Spontaneous language samples elicited from each subject were scored using the Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS) procedure (Lee, 1974). Marginal, …

An Analysis Of Behavioral Approaches To Obesity/Weight Reduction, Charlene Marie Curtis

Masters Theses

Behavioral technology has been applied to obesity/weight reduction. Three problems are identified: (1) the discrepancy between the measurement of, and the duration of time required for the acquisition and remediation of obesity and of weight; (2) the consensus of various reviewers that there are a number of methodological deficiencies in experimental studies termed behavioral approaches to obesity/weight reduction; (3) the absence of expressed methodological criteria stated by reviewers for their recommendations of certain procedures. There is compliance to some of the methodological c rite ria of the experimental analysis of behavior as adapted to obesity, and to weight in the …