Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Naming Convention, Interchangeability, And Patient Interest In Biosimilars, Mariana P. Socal, Jace B. Garrett, William B. Tayler, Ge Bai, Gerard F. Anderson

Faculty Publications

Although biosimilars may offer cost savings over their comparable biologics, use of biosimilars in the United States remains relatively low. This study investigates two barriers to uptake of biosimilars in the United States. First, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires that four-letter suffixes be added to the nonproprietary names of all biosimilars, as well as to the nonproprietary names of all biologics approved after March 2020. Second, biosimilars are not interchangeable with their reference biologic product at the pharmacy counter; a new prescription is needed for the biosimilar to be dispensed in place of the biologic. We conducted two …

The Effect Of Dyad Rounding On Collaboration And Patient Experience, Amy Christensen, Korby Miller, Jason Neff, Rusty A. Moore, Sharee Hirschi, Katreena Collette Merrill

Faculty Publications

Communication among the healthcare team is essential to providing high-quality patient care. In the hospital, nurses care for multiple patients during their shift. Physicians or advanced practice clinicians (APCs) visit hospitalized patients daily to update orders, complete assessments, and contribute to care plans. One method to ensure that healthcare providers communicate effectively is interdisciplinary, or dyad, rounding in the hospital. This consists of purposeful rounding on each patient by the nurse and the physician or APC together to review the patient's status and update the care plan. When healthcare providers and nurses round together, it improves communication, patients are more …

Age-Related Changes In Speech And Voice: Spectral And Cepstral Measures, Christopher Dromey, Sammi Taylor, Shawn L. Nissen, Kristine Tanner, Dennis Eggett, Kim Corbin-Lewis

Faculty Publications

Purpose

This study examined differences in selected acoustic measures of speech and voice according to age and sex and across families.

Method

Participants included 169 individuals, 79 men and 90 women, from 18 families, ranging in age from 17 to 87 years. Participants reported no history of articulation disorders, stroke or active neurologic disease, or severe-to-profound hearing loss. They read aloud two passages to facilitate examination of the following speech and voice acoustic parameters: fricative spectral moments (center of gravity, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis), the proportion of time spent speaking, mean speaking fundamental frequency, semitone standard deviation (STSD), and …

Prosodic Elements For Content Delivery In Broadcast Journalism: A Quantitative Study Of Vocal Pitch, Shawn L. Nissen, Quint B. Randle, Jared L. Johnson, Jenny Lynes

Faculty Publications

Individuals verbally express meaning not only through speech sounds and words but also prosodically through the pitch, loudness, and tempo of their voice. Through a quantitative analysis, this exploratory study examined the prosodic elements of mean pitch, pitch variability, and pitch range in a sample of 450 voice-overs and throws from 90 male and female broadcast reporters and anchors from larger markets across the United States. Findings indicate that compared to typical speakers in the general population, male broadcasters actually speak with an elevated mean pitch, more pitch variability, and use more range. However, female broadcasters were found to speak …

Lobbying Expenditures Of The Health Sector During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Adam Olson, John Barrick, William B. Tayler, Shivaram Rajgopal, Ge Bai

Faculty Publications

As of June 30, 2020, Congress had enacted six bills authorizing approximately $3 trillion in COVID-19 pandemic relief, representing the largest relief package in US history. The bills allocate funds to federal agencies, health care providers, COVID-19 testing, Medicaid funding, stimulus checks, unemployment benefits, and small business assistance, among other purposes.1 Prior research has found that health care organizations spend substantial financial resources on influencing legislative outcomes.2,3 In this study, we examine lobbying efforts of the health sector relative to other sectors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A Multi-Stage Machine Learning Approach To Predict Dengue Incidence: A Case Study In Mexico, Annalisa Appice, Yulia R. Gel, Iliyan Iliev, Vyacheslav Lyubchich, Donato Malerba

Faculty Publications

© 2013 IEEE. The mosquito-borne dengue fever is a major public health problem in tropical countries, where it is strongly conditioned by climate factors such as temperature. In this paper, we formulate a holistic machine learning strategy to analyze the temporal dynamics of temperature and dengue data and use this knowledge to produce accurate predictions of dengue, based on temperature on an annual scale. The temporal dynamics are extracted from historical data by utilizing a novel multi-stage combination of auto-encoding, window-based data representation and trend-based temporal clustering. The prediction is performed with a trend association-based nearest neighbour predictor. The effectiveness …

Community Engagement And Outreach Programs For Lead Prevention In Mississippi, Amal K. Mitra, Charkarra Anderson-Lewis

Faculty Publications

The objective of the project was to encourage health promotion through education, outreach, and community-based training. The people attending health fairs (n = 467), community events (n = 469), and Kindergarten classes (n = 241) were the study participants. Hands-on training was offered at homebuilding retail stores (n = 25). U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)’s online visual training was given to realtors (n = 220), and inspectors, contractors, and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) workers (n = 75). Training workshops were attended by home-buyers and rental home owners at the Neighborhood Association Meetings ( …

Mers-Cov Infection In South Korea And Strategies For Possible Future Outbreak: Narrative Review, Chulwoo Park

Faculty Publications

Although there were some positive viewpoints from international press and academia that the Republic of Korea (hereafter South Korea) successfully controlled the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in 2015, the domestic point of view towards the MERS response in South Korea was critical. As people in the world’s 11th largest economy, South Koreans criticized the failure of hospitals’ initial response to the MERS index case and the lack of a proper control strategy for secondary and tertiary cases. To contain the MERS outbreak, South Korea implemented mainly three MERS control and intervention strategies: quarantine and isolation system, temporary closure …

Sex Differences In Becoming A Current Electronic Cigarette User, Current Smoker And Current Dual User Of Both Products: A Longitudinal Study Among Mexican Adolescents, Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños, Edna Arillo-Santillán, Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Luis Zavala-Arciniega, Charity A. Ntansah, Jim Thrasher

Faculty Publications

This study aimed to assess sex differences in predictors for becoming a current exclusive electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) user, current exclusive smoker, or current dual user (concurrent smoking and e-cigarette use). This longitudinal study included 2399 females and 2177 males who had tried neither cigarettes nor e-cigarettes at baseline and attended 57 middle schools in the three largest cities in Mexico. We estimated multinomial logistic models stratified by sex. At follow-up, the prevalence of current exclusive e-cigarette use was 6.4% for males and 5.5% for females; current exclusive smoking was similar among males (3.6%) and females (3.5%); dual use was 2.4% …

Validity Study Of The R-Pla, A Resilience Scale For People Living With Hiv, Jinxiang Hu, Julianne M. Serovich, Monique J. Brown, Judy A. Kimberly, Yi-Hsin Chen

Faculty Publications

This study provides psychometric assessment of a resilience scale with a sample of women living with HIV. Baseline data were used from a longitudinal HIV disclosure study of 124 women aged between 18-63 collected between 2001 and 2004 in a large Midwestern city. The Rasch model was used to examine the psychometric properties of the resilience scale. Results indicated that the resilience instrument meets the Rasch model application assumptions. Evidence of validity suggested the resilience instrument demonstrated good item and person fit, as well as good item and person reliability. Most items showed measurement invariance across different age and racial …

Small Molecules That Inhibit Tnf Signalling By Stabilising An Asymmetric Form Of The Trimer, James O'Connell, John Porter, Boris Kroeplien, Tim Norman, Stephen Rapecki, Rachel E. Davis, David Mcmillan, Tracy Arakaki, Alex Burgin, David Fox Iii, Tom Ceska, Fabien Lecomte, Alison Maloney, Alex Vugler, Bruce Carrington, Benjamin P. Cossins, Tim Bourne, Alastair Lawson

Faculty Publications

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine belonging to a family of trimeric proteins; it has been shown to be a key mediator in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. While TNF is the target of several successful biologic drugs, attempts to design small molecule therapies directed to this cytokine have not led to approved products. Here we report the discovery of potent small molecule inhibitors of TNF that stabilise an asymmetrical form of the soluble TNF trimer, compromising signalling and inhibiting the functions of TNF in vitro and in vivo. This discovery paves the way for …

Child-Level Double Burden Of Malnutrition In The Mena And Lac Regions: Prevalence And Social Determinants, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Yubraj Acharya, Zeina Jamaluddine, Moubadda Assi, Khalil El Asmar, Andrew D. Jones

Faculty Publications

Although the prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased in the low- and middle-income countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) regions, child undernutrition remains a public-health challenge. We examined region-specific sociodemographic determinants of this double burden of malnutrition, specifically, the co-occurrence of child stunting and overweight, using Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data (2003–2016) from 11 countries in the MENA (n = 118,585) and 13 countries in the LAC (n = 77,824) regions. We used multiple logistic regressions to model region-specific associations of maternal education and household …

Chorioamnionitis: Case Definition & Guidelines For Data Collection, Analysis, And Presentation Of Immunization Safety Data, Alisa Kachikis, Linda O. Eckert, Christie Walker, Azucena Bardají, Frederick Varricchio, Heather S. Lipkind, Khady Diouf, Wan Ting Huang, Ronald Mataya, Mustapha Bittaye, Clare Cutland, Nansi S. Boghossian, Tamala Mallett Moore, Rebecca Mccall, Jay King, Shuchita Mundle, Flor M. Munoz, Caroline Rouse, Michael Gravett, Lakshmi Katikaneni, Kevin Ault, Nicola P. Klein, Drucilla J. Roberts, Sonali Kochhar, Nancy Chescheir

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Neurodevelopmental Delay: Case Definition & Guidelines For Data Collection, Analysis, And Presentation Of Immunization Safety Data, Adrienne N. Villagomez, Flor M. Muñoz, Robin L. Peterson, Alison M. Colbert, Melissa Gladstone, Beatriz Macdonald, Rebecca Wilson, Lee Fairlie, Gwendolyn J. Gerner, Jackie Patterson, Nansi S. Boghossian, Vera Joanna Burton, Margarita Cortés, Lakshmi D. Katikaneni, Jennifer C.G. Larson, Abigail S. Angulo, Jyoti Joshi, Mirjana Nesin, Michael A. Padula, Sonali Kochhar, Amy K. Connery

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Different Combinations Of Behavior Change Interventions And Frequencies Of Interpersonal Contacts Are Associated With Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices In Bangladesh, Ethiopia, And Vietnam, Sunny S. Kim, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Lan Mai Tran, Silvia Alayon, Purnima Menon, Edward A. Frongillo Jr.

Faculty Publications

Background: Social and behavior change communication interventions are integral to improving dietary and care practices, but evidence on the impact of the combination and intensity of these interventions in different contexts is scarce. Objectives: We examined the extent of and factors associated with intervention exposure: interpersonal communication (IPC) alone or with other interventions (i.e., mass media, community mobilization, or nutrition-sensitive agricultural activities), number of and factors associated with IPC contacts, and combinations of intervention components and number of contacts associated with infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. Methods: We used endline survey data from impact evaluations in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, …

Why Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients In The United States Use Or Do Not Use Emergency Medical Services Transport? Findings Of An Inpatient Survey, Sudha Xirasagar, Meng-Han Tsai, Khosrow Heidari, James W. Hardin, Yuqi Wu, Robert Wronski, Dana Hurley, Edward C. Jauch, Souvik Sen

Faculty Publications

Background: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who use emergency medical services (EMS) receive quicker reperfusion treatment which, in turn, mitigates post-stroke disability. However, nationally only 59% use EMS. We examined why AIS patients use or do not use EMS.

Methods: During 2016–2018, a convenience sample of AIS patients admitted to a primary stroke center in South Carolina were surveyed during hospitalization if they were medically fit, available for survey when contacted, and consented to participate. The survey was programed into EpiInfo with skip patterns to minimize survey burden and self-administered on a touchscreen computer. Survey questions covered symptom characteristics, …

7-Epi-Clusianone, A Multi-Targeting Natural Product With Potential Chemotherapeutic, Immune-Modulating, And Anti-Angiogenic Properties, Wesley F. Taylor, Maria Yanez, Sara E. Moghadam, Mahdi Moridi Farimani, Sara Soroury, Samad N. Ebrahimi, Marzieh Tabefam, Ehsan Jabbarzadeh

Faculty Publications

Targeted therapies have changed the treatment of cancer, giving new hope to many patients in recent years. The shortcomings of targeted therapies including acquired resistance, limited susceptible patients, high cost, and high toxicities, have led to the necessity of combining these therapies with other targeted or chemotherapeutic treatments. Natural products are uniquely capable of synergizing with targeted and non-targeted anticancer regimens due to their ability to affect multiple cellular pathways simultaneously. Compounds which provide an additive effect to the often combined immune therapies and cytotoxic chemotherapies, are exceedingly rare. These compounds would however provide a strengthening bridge between the two …

Multilevel Analysis In Rural Cancer Control: A Conceptual Framework And Methodological Implications, Whitney Zahnd, Sara L. Mclafferty, Jan M. Eberth

Faculty Publications

Rural populations experience a myriad of cancer disparities ranging from lower screening rates to higher cancer mortality rates. These disparities are due in part to individual-level characteristics like age and insurance status, but the physical and social context of rural residence also plays a role. Our objective was two-fold: 1) to develop a multilevel conceptual framework describing how rural residence and relevant micro, macro, and supra-macro factors can be considered in evaluating disparities across the cancer control continuum and 2) to outline the unique considerations of multilevel statistical modeling in rural cancer research. We drew upon several formative frameworks that …

Using Information Practices Of Nurses To Reform Information Literacy Instruction In Baccalaureate Nursing Programs, Anne R. Diekema, Betsy S. Hopkins, Brandon Patterson, Nena Schvaneveldt

Faculty Publications

Objective - Seeking information is a key element of evidence based practice and successful healthcare delivery. Significant literature exists on both the information seeking behaviour of professional nurses and information literacy teaching methods, but scarce evidence connects nurses’ information behaviour and environments with their education. This study sought to use data from nursing alumni to answer the following research questions: What are the current information practices of professional bachelor’s-prepared nurses? How do recently-graduated nurses suggest that their education could have better prepared them to find and evaluate information in the workplace?

Methods - The researchers conducted a descriptive study using …

Supporting Confidence And Participation For People With Aphasia Through Student Interaction: A Descriptive Study On The Effects Of An Interdisciplinary Campus Program, Tyson G. Harmon, Mei-Ling Lin, Gabrille Scronce, Adam Jacks

Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Decreased social participation is one consequence of aphasia that can lead to poor psychological health and reduced quality of life. Involving people with aphasia in advocacy efforts may be one solution for increasing their social participation. The present study investigated the benefits of a campus program for three people with mild aphasia who were involved in educating allied health students about aphasia and training them to communicate with those who have aphasia. METHODS: Three participants with aphasia shared their stories and interacted with interdisciplinary students in two seminar sessions aimed at educating students about aphasia and helping them learn …

Humanitarian Engineering Design For Health Challenges: An Inter-Faculty Service Based Learning Model, Yara Najem, Imad H. Elhajj, Zaher Dawy, Aline Germani, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Muhammad Zaman, Youseph Yazdi

Faculty Publications

The study introduces and evaluates a unique inter-faculty service learning course as a pedagogical model that enhances students’ learning and knowledge of health problems and associated engineering intervention design for populations affected by protracted crises.

Background: With an increase in humanitarian protracted crises around the world, due to conflict and natural disasters, we are in dire need to reinvent how we educate, train, and conduct research in these environments. Engineering and Health Sciences disciplines, individually and collectively, have been working to fill the gaps and address pressing public health issues. However, courses merging those disciplines and focusing on emerging humanitarian …

Systemic Toxicity Reported For Cdk8/19 Inhibitors Cct251921 And Msc2530818 Is Not Due To Target Inhibition, Mengqian Chen, Jing Li, Jiaxin Liang, Zanshé S. Thompson, Katie Kathrein, Eugenia Broude, Igor Roninson

Faculty Publications

CDK8/19 kinases, which mediate transcriptional reprogramming, have become an active target for cancer drug discovery. Several small-molecule CDK8/19 inhibitors showed in vivo efficacy and two have entered clinical trials, with no significant toxicities reported. However, Clarke et al. (eLife 2016; 5; e20722) found severe systemic toxicity associated with two potent CDK8/19 inhibitors, Cmpd3 (CCT251921) and Cmpd4 (MSC2530818), and suggested that their toxicity was due to on-target effects. Here, we compared five CDK8/19 inhibitors: Cmpd3, Cmpd4, Senexin B, 16-didehydro-cortistatin A (dCA) and 15w, in different assays. Only Cmpd4 showed striking toxicity in developing zebrafish. In cell-based assays for CDK8 and CDK19 …

The Role Of Ict In Antiretroviral Therapy-Related Knowledge Seeking Among Older Chinese Living With Hiv, Yao Zhang, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Shan Qiao Ph.D., Yuejiao Zhou, Zhiyong Shen

Faculty Publications

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) enables HIV patients to reduce disease progression. ART adherence is closely related to patients’ knowledge about the medical treatment. This study investigated the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in supporting ART-related knowledge seeking among older Chinese with HIV, using cross-sectional data collected from 2012 to 2013 in Guangxi, China. Of the 2987 HIV patients, 688 were 45 years or older and going through ART. We used an 11-item scale (α=0.69), which was developed based on existing literature, to assess ART-related knowledge to obtain a composite score (0-11). Less than 5% of the participants sought HIV-related …

A Baker's Dozen Of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications In 2018, Elias B. Chahine, Spencer H. Durham, Krutika N. Mediwala, Daniel B. Chastain, Timothy P. Gauthier, Brandon K. Hill, Bruce M. Jones, Jamie J. Kisgen, Ashley H. Marx, Kayla R. Stover, Marylee V. Worley, Christopher M. Bland, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

With an increasing number of antimicrobial stewardship-related articles published each year, attempting to stay current is challenging. The Southeastern Research Group Endeavor (SERGE-45) identified antimicrobial stewardship-related peer-reviewed literature that detailed an actionable intervention for 2018. The top 13 publications were selected using a modified Delphi technique. These manuscripts were reviewed to highlight the actionable intervention used by antimicrobial stewardship programs to provide key stewardship literature for teaching and training as well as to identify potential intervention opportunities within one's institution.

The Empower Action Model: A Framework For Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences By Promoting Health, Equity, And Well-Being Across The Life Span, Aditi Srivastav, Melissa Strompolis, Amy Moseley, Kelsay Shania Daniels

Faculty Publications

The empower action model addresses childhood adversity as a root cause of disease by building resilience across multiple levels of influence to promote health, equity, and well-being. The model builds on the current evidence around adverse childhood experiences and merges important frameworks within key areas of public health—the socio-ecological model, protective factors, race equity and inclusion, and the life course perspective. The socio-ecological model is used as the foundation for this model to highlight the multilevel approach needed for improvement in public health. Five key principles that build on the protective factors literature are developed to be applied at each …

Prospective Analysis Of Food Consumption And Nutritional Status And The Impact On The Dietary Inflammatory Index In Women With Breast Cancer During Chemotherapy, Isis Danyelle Dias Custódio, Fernanda De Paula Franco, Eduarda Da Costa Marinho, Taísa Sabrina Silva Pereira, Mariana Tavares Miranda Lima, Maria Del Carmen Bisi Molina, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Carlos Eduardo Paiva, Yara Cristina De Paiva Maia

Faculty Publications

Considering the implications of adverse effects of chemotherapy (CT) and the potential impact of diet on patients’ recovery, this study aimed to prospectively evaluate the association between the consumption of food groups, patients’ Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores, and their nutritional status. Anthropometric and dietary assessments of 55 women with breast cancer (BC) were performed at three time points. T0 is the time point after the first CT cycle, T1 is the time point after the intermediate CT cycle, and T2 is the time point after the last CT cycle. We identified a significant increase in weight, body mass index, …

Inflammation And Acute Traffic-Related Air Pollution Exposures Among A Cohort Of Youth With Type 1 Diabetes, Robin C. Puett, Jeff D. Yanosky, Murray A. Mittleman, Jessica Montresor-Lopez, Ronny A. Bell, Tessa L. Crumee, Dana Dabeleae, Lawrence M. Dolan, Ralph B. D'Agostino Jr, Santica M. Marcovina, Catherine Pihokeri, Kristi Reynolds, Elaine Urbina, Angela D. Liese

Faculty Publications

Background: Evidence remains equivocal regarding the association of inflammation, a precursor to cardiovascular disease, and acute exposures to ambient air pollution from traffic-related particulate matter. Though youth with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, the relationship of inflammation and ambient air pollution exposures in this population has received little attention.

Objectives: Using five geographically diverse US sites from the racially- and ethnically-diverse SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort, we examined the relationship of acute exposures to PM2.5 mass, Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System (ADMS)-Roads traffic-related PM concentrations near roadways, and elemental carbon (EC) with biomarkers of inflammation …

Development And Psychometric Properties Of A Prostate Cancer Knowledge Scale For African American Men, Otis L. Owens, Abbas Tavakoli Drph, Theda Rose, Nikki R. Wooten

Faculty Publications

African American men have the highest prostate cancer-related mortality nationally. In response to this disparity, targeted interventions are emerging to enhance African American men's prostate cancer (PrCA) knowledge to ensure they are equipped to make informed decisions about PrCA screening with health-care providers. African American men's PrCA knowledge has been measured inconsistently over time with limited psychometric evidence. The factor structure of this construct in African American men is relatively unknown. This study describes the development and psychometric evaluation of an 18-item Prostate Cancer Knowledge Scale among 352 African American men. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted using weighted least …

What Is Clinician Presence? A Qualitative Interview Study Comparing Physician And Non-Physician Insights About Practices Of Human Connection, Cati Brown-Johnson, Rachel Schwartz, Amrapali Maitra, Marie Haverfield, Aaron Tierney, Jonathan Shaw, Dani Zionts, Nadia Safaeinili, Sonoo Thadaney Israni, Abraham Verghese, Donna Zulman

Faculty Publications

Objective We sought to investigate the concept and practices of ‘clinician presence’, exploring how physicians and professionals create connection, engage in interpersonal interaction, and build trust with individuals across different circumstances and contexts.Design In 2017–2018, we conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with 10 physicians and 30 non-medical professionals from the fields of protective services, business, management, education, art/design/entertainment, social services, and legal/personal services.Setting Physicians were recruited from primary care clinics in an academic medical centre, a Veterans Affairs clinic, and a federally qualified health centre.Participants Participants were 55% men and 45% women; 40% were non-white.Results Qualitative analyses yielded a definition of …

The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index (Dii) And Cancer Risk In Korea: A Prospective Cohort Study Within The Koges-Hexa Study, Injeong Ryu, Minji Kwon, Cheongmin Sohn, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Woori Na, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

Several epidemiological studies have shown that there are consistently positive associations between dietary inflammatory index (DII (R)) scores and cancer incidence in Western populations. However, few DII-cancer studies have been conducted in East Asian populations. In a large cohort representative of the general Korean population, we investigated whether the DII is associated with overall cancer risk. A total of 163,660 participants (56,781 males and 106,879 females) had evaluable data for analyses. This follow-up study was carried out over the course of 7.9 years. DII scores were calculated based on Semi-Quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) data for 106 food items. Cancers were …