Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Delay Of Gratification Dissociates Cognitive Control And Valuation Brain Regions In Healthy Young Adults, Bidhan Lamichhane, Elisa Di Rosa, Todd S Braver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Delay of gratification (DofG) refers to an inter-temporal choice phenomenon that is of great interest in many domains, including animal learning, cognitive development, economic decision-making, and executive control. Yet experimental tools for investigating DofG in human adults are almost non-existent, and as a consequence, very little is known regarding the brain basis of core DofG behaviors. Here, we utilize a novel DofG paradigm, adapted for use in neuroimaging contexts, to examine event-related changes in neural activity as healthy young adult participants made repeated choices to continue waiting for a delayed reward, rather than take an immediately available one of lesser …

Making The Rounds: Exploring The Role Of Circulating Tumor Dna (Ctdna) In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Misty Dawn Shields, Kevin Chen, Giselle Dutcher, Ishika Patel, Bruna Pellini

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Advancements in the clinical practice of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are shifting treatment paradigms towards increasingly personalized approaches. Liquid biopsies using various circulating analytes provide minimally invasive methods of sampling the molecular content within tumor cells. Plasma-derived circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), the tumor-derived component of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), is the most extensively studied analyte and has a growing list of applications in the clinical management of NSCLC. As an alternative to tumor genotyping, the assessment of oncogenic driver alterations by ctDNA has become an accepted companion diagnostic via both single-gene polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) for …

Design And Formative Evaluation Of A Virtual Voice-Based Coach For Problem-Solving Treatment: Observational Study, Thomas Kannampallil, Corina R Ronneberg, Nancy E Wittels, Vikas Kumar, Nan Lv, Joshua M Smyth, Ben S Gerber, Emily A Kringle, Jillian A Johnson, Philip Yu, Lesley E Steinman, Olu A Ajilore, Jun Ma

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence has provided new opportunities for human interactions with technology for the practice of medicine. Among the recent artificial intelligence innovations, personal voice assistants have been broadly adopted. This highlights their potential for health care-related applications such as behavioral counseling to promote healthy lifestyle habits and emotional well-being. However, the use of voice-based applications for behavioral therapy has not been previously evaluated.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a formative user evaluation of Lumen, a virtual voice-based coach developed as an Alexa skill that delivers evidence-based, problem-solving treatment for patients with mild to moderate depression and/or anxiety.

METHODS: …

Plasmonic Fluor-Enhanced Antigen Arrays For High-Throughput, Serological Studies Of Sars-Cov-2, Abraham J Qavi, Chao Wu, Matthew Lloyd, Mohammad Mahabub-Uz Zaman, Jingyi Luan, Claire Ballman, Daisy W Leung, Scott L Crick, Christopher W Farnsworth, Gaya K Amarasinghe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Serological testing for acute infection or prior exposure is critical for patient management and coordination of public health decisions during outbreaks. Current methods have several limitations, including variable performance, relatively low analytical and clinical sensitivity, and poor detection due to antigenic drift. Serological methods for SARS-CoV-2 detection for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic suffer from several of these limitations and serves as a reminder of the critical need for new technologies. Here, we describe the use of ultrabright fluorescent reagents, Plasmonic Fluors, coupled with antigen arrays that address a subset of these limitations. We demonstrate its application using patient samples in …

Sound And Silence: The Effects Of Environmental Conditions On State Boredom In An Online Study During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Alana J Anderson, Claire E Mcmeen, Sammy Perone, Elizabeth H Weybright

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Boredom is a negative emotion commonly experienced in mundane situations. Boredom is thought to arise from a mismatch between individuals and their expectation for environmental stimulation. People attempt to reduce boredom by increasing the stimulation in their environment (e.g., turning on TV or music). Theories of boredom suggest external stimulation may cue the individual to expect more stimulation than the mundane task offers-thereby increasing boredom. Researchers adapted lab-based tasks to online during the COVID-19 pandemic, which allowed participants to set the study's environmental conditions. Our method involved data collected online during the COVID-19 pandemic. We tested whether 137 college-age participants …

Nine Out Of Ten Samples Were Mistakenly Switched By The Orang-Utan Genome Consortium, Graham L Banes, Emily D Fountain, Alyssa Karklus, Robert S Fulton, Lucinda Antonacci-Fulton, Joanne O Nelson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Sumatran orang-utan (Pongo abelii) reference genome was first published in 2011, in conjunction with ten re-sequenced genomes from unrelated wild-caught individuals. Together, these published data have been utilized in almost all great ape genomic studies, plus in much broader comparative genomic research. Here, we report that the original sequencing Consortium inadvertently switched nine of the ten samples and/or resulting re-sequenced genomes, erroneously attributing eight of these to the wrong source individuals. Among them is a genome from the recently identified Tapanuli (P. tapanuliensis) species: thus, this genome was sequenced and published a full six years prior to the species' …

Gawmerge Expands Gwas Sample Size And Diversity By Combining Array-Based Genotyping And Whole-Genome Sequencing, Ravi Mathur, Fang Fang, Nathan Gaddis, Dana B Hancock, Michael H Cho, John E Hokanson, Laura J Bierut, Sharon M Lutz, Kendra Young, Albert V Smith, Nhlbi Trans-Omics For Precision Medicine (Topmed) Consortium, Edwin K Silverman, Grier P Page, Eric O Johnson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have made impactful discoveries for complex diseases, often by amassing very large sample sizes. Yet, GWAS of many diseases remain underpowered, especially for non-European ancestries. One cost-effective approach to increase sample size is to combine existing cohorts, which may have limited sample size or be case-only, with public controls, but this approach is limited by the need for a large overlap in variants across genotyping arrays and the scarcity of non-European controls. We developed and validated a protocol, Genotyping Array-WGS Merge (GAWMerge), for combining genotypes from arrays and whole-genome sequencing, ensuring complete variant overlap, and allowing …

Facilitators Of Multisector Collaboration For Delivering Cancer Control Interventions In Rural Communities: A Descriptive Qualitative Study, Peg Allen, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Jean Hunleth, Bobbi J Carothers, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES: Multisector collaboration is a widely promoted strategy to increase equitable availability, access, and use of healthy foods, safe places for physical activity, social supports, and preventive health care services. Yet fewer studies and resources exist for collaboration among governmental and nongovernmental agencies to address public problems in rural areas, despite an excess burden of risk factors for cancer morbidity and mortality. We aimed to learn about cancer prevention activities and collaboration facilitators among rural informal interagency networks.

EVALUATION METHODS: In 2020, researchers conducted semistructured interviews with staff from rural public health and social services agencies, community health …

Improving Our Understanding Of Driving Changes In Preclinical And Early Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease: The Role Of Naturalistic Driving Studies, Catherine M Roe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Research on how preclinical and early symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD) impacts driving behavior is in its infancy, with several important research areas yet to be explored. This paper identifies research gaps and suggests priorities for driving studies over the next few years among those at the earliest stages of AD. These priorities include how individual differences in demographic and biomarker measures of AD pathology, as well as differences in the in-vehicle and external driving environment, affect driving behavior. Understanding these differences is important to developing future interventions to increase driving safety among those at the earliest stages of AD.

Potentiation Of Combined P19arf And Interferon-Beta Cancer Gene Therapy Through Its Association With Doxorubicin Chemotherapy, Ruan F V Medrano, Thiago A Salles, Rafael Dariolli, Fernanda Antunes, Valker A Feitosa, Aline Hunger, João P P Catani, Samir A Mendonça, Rodrigo E Tamura, Marlous G Lana, Elaine G Rodrigues, Bryan E Strauss

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Balancing safety and efficacy is a major consideration for cancer treatments, especially when combining cancer immunotherapy with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy. Approaches that induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) are expected to eliminate cancer cells by direct cell killing as well as activation of an antitumor immune response. We have developed a gene therapy approach based on p19Arf and interferon-β gene transfer that, similar to conventional inducers of ICD, results in the release of DAMPS and immune activation. Here, aiming to potentiate this response, we explore whether association between our approach and treatment with doxorubicin (Dox), a known inducer …

Myc Sensitises Cells To Apoptosis By Driving Energetic Demand, Joy Edwards-Hicks, Kevin Cho, Gary J Patti, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The MYC oncogene is a potent driver of growth and proliferation but also sensitises cells to apoptosis, which limits its oncogenic potential. MYC induces several biosynthetic programmes and primary cells overexpressing MYC are highly sensitive to glutamine withdrawal suggesting that MYC-induced sensitisation to apoptosis may be due to imbalance of metabolic/energetic supply and demand. Here we show that MYC elevates global transcription and translation, even in the absence of glutamine, revealing metabolic demand without corresponding supply. Glutamine withdrawal from MRC-5 fibroblasts depletes key tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites and, in combination with MYC activation, leads to AMP accumulation and nucleotide …

Cross-Linked Chitosan/Gelatin Beads Loaded With Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles For Absorbing Carcinogenic Bisphenol-A Pollutant From Water, Hazim M Ali, Omar M Ibrahim, Ahmed S M Ali, Mahmoud A Mohamed, Rehab Y Ghareeb, Elsayed E Hafez, Mohamed R El-Aassar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Water polluted by phenolic compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent biological system from a chitosan (CS), gelatin (GT), and

Evaluating The Impact Of Eligibility Criteria In First-Line Clinical Trials For Follicular Lymphoma: A Mer/Leo Cohort Analysis, Danny Luan, Tolulope Fatola, Ahmed Toure, Christopher R Flowers, Brian Link, Jonathan W Friedberg, Jonathon B Cohen, Brad Kahl, Izidore S Lossos, Loretta Nastoupil, Matthew J Maurer, James R Cerhan, Peter Martin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cancer clinical trial eligibility criteria may create patient populations studied in trials that do not reflect the patient populations treated in the real-world setting. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent lymphoma with heterogeneous presentations across a broad range of individuals, resulting in many acceptable management strategies. We evaluated how first-line clinical trial eligibility criteria impacted the demographic makeup and outcomes of patients with FL for whom systemic therapy might be considered. We compared the characteristics of 196 patients with FL from a single institution to eligibility criteria from 10 first-line FL trials on clinicaltrials.gov. Next, we tabulated eligibility criteria from …

Technology-Delivered Adaptations Of Motivational Interviewing For The Prevention And Management Of Chronic Diseases: Scoping Review, Havisha Pedamallu, Matthew J Ehrhardt, Julia Maki, April Idalski Carcone, Melissa M Hudson, Erika A Waters

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Motivational interviewing (MI) can increase health-promoting behaviors and decrease health-damaging behaviors. However, MI is often resource intensive, precluding its use with people with limited financial or time resources. Mobile health-based versions of MI interventions or technology-delivered adaptations of MI (TAMIs) might increase reach.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand the characteristics of existing TAMIs. We were particularly interested in the inclusion of people from marginalized sociodemographic groups, whether the TAMI addressed sociocontextual factors, and how behavioral and health outcomes were reported.

METHODS: We employed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for scoping reviews to conduct …

A Scoping Review Of Frameworks In Empirical Studies And A Review Of Dissemination Frameworks, Ana A Baumann, Cole Hooley, Emily Kryzer, Alexandra B Morshed, Cassidy A Gutner, Sara Malone, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Meagan Pilar, Brittney Sandler, Rachel G Tabak, Stephanie Mazzucca

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The field of dissemination and implementation (D&I) research has grown immensely in recent years. However, the field of dissemination research has not coalesced to the same degree as the field of implementation research. To advance the field of dissemination research, this review aimed to (1) identify the extent to which dissemination frameworks are used in dissemination empirical studies, (2) examine how scholars define dissemination, and (3) identify key constructs from dissemination frameworks.

METHODS: To achieve aims 1 and 2, we conducted a scoping review of dissemination studies published in D&I science journals. The search strategy included manuscripts published from …

Structural Covariance Of The Ventral Visual Stream Predicts Posttraumatic Intrusion And Nightmare Symptoms: A Multivariate Data Fusion Analysis, Nathaniel G Harnett, Stacey L House, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Visual components of trauma memories are often vividly re-experienced by survivors with deleterious consequences for normal function. Neuroimaging research on trauma has primarily focused on threat-processing circuitry as core to trauma-related dysfunction. Conversely, limited attention has been given to visual circuitry which may be particularly relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prior work suggests that the ventral visual stream is directly related to the cognitive and affective disturbances observed in PTSD and may be predictive of later symptom expression. The present study used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data (n = 278) collected two weeks after trauma exposure from the AURORA …

Identification Of Activity-Induced Egr3-Dependent Genes Reveals Genes Associated With Dna Damage Response And Schizophrenia, Ketan K Marballi, Khaled Alganem, Samuel J Brunwasser, Arhem Barkatullah, Kimberly T Meyers, Janet M Campbell, Annika B Ozols, Robert E Mccullumsmith, Amelia L Gallitano

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bioinformatics and network studies have identified the immediate early gene transcription factor early growth response 3 (EGR3) as a master regulator of genes differentially expressed in the brains of patients with neuropsychiatric illnesses ranging from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder to Alzheimer's disease. However, few studies have identified and validated Egr3-dependent genes in the mammalian brain. We have previously shown that Egr3 is required for stress-responsive behavior, memory, and hippocampal long-term depression in mice. To identify Egr3-dependent genes that may regulate these processes, we conducted an expression microarray on hippocampi from wildtype (WT) and Egr3-/- mice following electroconvulsive seizure (ECS), a …

Corpora Amylacea Are Associated With Tau Burden And Cognitive Status In Alzheimer's Disease, Connor M Wander, Tamy Harumy Moraes Tsujimoto, John F Ervin, Chanung Wang, Spencer M Maranto, Vanya Bhat, Julian D Dallmeier, Shih-Hsiu Jerry Wang, Feng-Chang Lin, William K Scott, David M Holtzman, Todd J Cohen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Corpora amylacea (CA) and their murine analogs, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) granules, are age-related, carbohydrate-rich structures that serve as waste repositories for aggregated proteins, damaged cellular organelles, and other cellular debris. The structure, morphology, and suspected functions of CA in the brain imply disease relevance. Despite this, the link between CA and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains poorly defined. We performed a neuropathological analysis of mouse PAS granules and human CA and correlated these findings with AD progression. Increased PAS granule density was observed in symptomatic tau transgenic mice and APOE knock-in mice. Using a cohort of …

Facilitators For Retaining Men Who Have Sex With Men In Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care In Real World Clinic Settings Within The United States, Brooke G Rogers, R R Patel, K Curoe, A Underwood, J Villalobos, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can significantly reduce HIV acquisition especially among communities with high HIV prevalence, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Much research has been finding suboptimal PrEP persistence; however, few studies examine factors that enhance PrEP persistence in real-world settings.

METHODS: We interviewed 33 patients who identified as MSM at three different PrEP clinics in three regions of the U.S. (Northeast, South, Midwest). Participants were eligible if they took PrEP and had been retained in care for a minimum of 6 months. Interviews explored social, structural, clinic-level and behavioral factors that influencing PrEP persistence.

RESULTS: Through …

Disease-Associated Mutations Within The Yeast Dnajb6 Homolog Sis1 Slow Conformer-Specific Substrate Processing And Can Be Corrected By The Modulation Of Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Ankan K Bhadra, Michael J Rau, Jil A Daw, James A J Fitzpatrick, Conrad C Weihl, Heather L True

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Molecular chaperones, or heat shock proteins (HSPs), protect against the toxic misfolding and aggregation of proteins. As such, mutations or deficiencies within the chaperone network can lead to disease. Dominant mutations within DNAJB6 (Hsp40)-an Hsp70 co-chaperone-lead to a protein aggregation-linked myopathy termed Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type D1 (LGMDD1). Here, we used the yeast prion model client in conjunction with in vitro chaperone activity assays to gain mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of LGMDD1. Here, we show how mutations analogous to those found in LGMDD1 affect Sis1 (a functional homolog of human DNAJB6) function by altering the structure of client …

Concurrent Fnirs And Eeg For Brain Function Investigation: A Systematic, Methodology-Focused Review, Rihui Li, Dalin Yang, Feng Fang, Keum-Shik Hong, Allan L Reiss, Yingchun Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stand as state-of-the-art techniques for non-invasive functional neuroimaging. On a unimodal basis, EEG has poor spatial resolution while presenting high temporal resolution. In contrast, fNIRS offers better spatial resolution, though it is constrained by its poor temporal resolution. One important merit shared by the EEG and fNIRS is that both modalities have favorable portability and could be integrated into a compatible experimental setup, providing a compelling ground for the development of a multimodal fNIRS-EEG integration analysis approach. Despite a growing number of studies using concurrent fNIRS-EEG designs reported in recent years, the methodological …

Safety And Tolerability Of Carboplatin And Paclitaxel In Cancer Patients With Hiv (Amc-078), An Aids Malignancy Consortium (Amc) Study, Missak Haigentz, Page Moore, Milan Bimali, Timothy Cooley, Joseph Sparano, Michelle Rudek, Lee Ratner, David Henry, Juan Ramos, John Deeken, Paul Rubinstein, Elizabeth Chiao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus are an underserved population for evidence-based cancer treatment. Paclitaxel and carboplatin (PCb) is an active regimen against a variety of solid tumors, including several seen in excess in patients with HIV infection. We performed a pilot trial to evaluate the safety of full-dose PCb in people living with human immunodeficiency virus and cancer.

METHODS: Eligible patients, stratified by concurrent antiretroviral therapy (ART) that included CYP3A4 inhibitors or not, received paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) in combination with carboplatin (target AUC 6) intravenously every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles.

RESULTS: Sixteen evaluable patients received …

Discovery And Validation Of Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Disease Mutations In Populations From Latin America, Leonel Tadao Takada, Bhagyashri D Burgute, Ellen Ziegemeier, Jennifer Petranek, Carlos Cruchaga, Maria Victoria Fernández, Eric Mcdade, Randall J Bateman, Celeste M Karch, Jorge J Llibre-Guerra, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In fewer than 1% of patients, AD is caused by autosomal dominant mutations in either the presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), or amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes. The full extent of familial AD and frequency of these variants remains understudied in Latin American (LatAm) countries. Due to the rare nature of these variants, determining the pathogenicity of a novel variant in these genes can be challenging. Here, we use a systematic approach to assign the likelihood of pathogenicity in variants from densely affected families in Latin American populations.

METHODS: Clinical data was collected from LatAm families at risk …

Developmental Trajectories Of Cortical Thickness By Functional Brain Network: The Roles Of Pubertal Timing And Socioeconomic Status, Ashley F. P. Sanders, Graham L. Baum, Michael P. Harms, Sridhar Kandala, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Mirella Dapretto, Leah H. Somerville, Kathleen M. Thomas, David C. Van Essen, Essa Yacoub, Deanna M Barch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The human cerebral cortex undergoes considerable changes during development, with cortical maturation patterns reflecting regional heterogeneity that generally progresses in a posterior-to-anterior fashion. However, the organizing principles that govern cortical development remain unclear. In the current study, we characterized age-related differences in cortical thickness (CT) as a function of sex, pubertal timing, and two dissociable indices of socioeconomic status (i.e., income-to-needs and maternal education) in the context of functional brain network organization, using a cross-sectional sample (n = 789) diverse in race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status from the Lifespan Human Connectome Project in Development (HCP-D). We found that CT generally …

Left Sided Breast Cancer Is Associated With Aggressive Biology And Worse Outcomes Than Right Sided Breast Cancer, Yara Abdou, Medhavi Gupta, Mariko Asaoka, Kristopher Attwood, Opyrchal Mateusz, Shipra Gandhi, Kazuaki Takabe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Breast cancer is more common on the left side than the right side. We aim to evaluate differences in clinicopathological and genomic characteristics based on laterality. We analyzed survival outcomes and clinical characteristics of 881,320 patients recorded by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to explore genomic and clinical features from 1,062 patients. Gene expression data was used to quantitate cytolytic activity and hallmark gene-sets were used for gene set enrichment analysis. An institutional retrospective review was conducted on 155 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Patient characteristics were summarized by …

Maturation And Substrate Processing Topography Of The Plasmodium Falciparum Invasion/Egress Protease Plasmepsin X, Sumit Mukherjee, Suong Nguyen, Eashan Sharma, Daniel E Goldberg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The malaria parasite Plasmodium invades a host erythrocyte, multiplies within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) and then ruptures the PV and erythrocyte membranes in a process known as egress. Both egress and invasion are controlled by effector proteins discharged from specialized secretory organelles. The aspartic protease plasmepsin X (PM X) regulates activity for many of these effectors, but it is unclear how PM X accesses its diverse substrates that reside in different organelles. PM X also autoprocesses to generate different isoforms. The function of this processing is not understood. We have mapped the self-cleavage sites and have constructed parasites with cleavage …

Glycan Shield Of The Ebolavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Gp, Weiwei Peng, Vamseedhar Rayaprolu, Amar D Parvate, Matti F Pronker, Sean Hui, Diptiben Parekh, Kelly Shaffer, Xiaoying Yu, Erica O Saphire, Joost Snijder

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The envelope glycoprotein GP of the ebolaviruses is essential for host cell entry and the primary target of the host antibody response. GP is heavily glycosylated with up to 17 N-linked sites, numerous O-linked glycans in its disordered mucin-like domain (MLD), and three predicted C-linked mannosylation sites. Glycosylation is important for host cell attachment, GP stability and fusion activity, and shielding from neutralization by serum antibodies. Here, we use glycoproteomics to profile the site-specific glycosylation patterns of ebolavirus GP. We detect up to 16 unique O-linked glycosylation sites in the MLD, and two O-linked sites in the receptor-binding GP1 subunit. …

Enhancing Interprofessional Collaboration And Interprofessional Education In Women's Health, Laura Baecher-Lind, Angela C Fleming, Rashmi Bhargava, Susan M Cox, Elise N Everett, David A Forstein, Shireen Madani Sims, Helen K Morgan, Christopher M Morosky, Celeste S Royce, Tammy S Sonn, Jill M Sutton, Scott C Graziano

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This article is from the 'To The Point' series from the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics Undergraduate Medical Education Committee. The purpose of this review is to provide an understanding of the differing yet complementary nature of interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education as well as their importance to the specialty of Obstetrics and Gynecology. We provide a historical perspective of how interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education have become key aspects of clinical and educational programs, enhancing both patient care and learner development. Opportunities to incorporate interprofessional education within women's health educational programs across organizations are suggested. This is …

Engineering Hyaluronic Acid For The Development Of New Treatment Strategies For Osteoarthritis, Yu Seon Kim, Farshid Guilak

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is characterized by inflammation of the joints, degradation of cartilage, and the remodeling of other joint tissues. Due to the absence of disease-modifying drugs for OA, current clinical treatment options are often only effective at slowing down disease progression and focus mainly on pain management. The field of tissue engineering has therefore been focusing on developing strategies that could be used not only to alleviate symptoms of OA but also to regenerate the damaged tissue. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an integral component of both the synovial fluid and articular cartilage, has gained widespread …

The Use Of Objective Assessments In The Evaluation Of Technical Skills In Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Systematic Review, Nabil Hussein, Jef Van Den Eynde, Connor Callahan, Alvise Guariento, Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü, Malak Elbatarny, Mahmoud Loubani

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: With reductions in training time and intraoperative exposure, there is a need for objective assessments to measure trainee progression. This systematic review focuses on the evaluation of trainee technical skill performance using objective assessments in cardiothoracic surgery and its incorporation into training curricula.

METHODS: Databases (EBSCOHOST, Scopus and Web of Science) and reference lists of relevant articles for studies that incorporated objective assessment of technical skills of trainees/residents in cardiothoracic surgery were included. Data extraction included task performed; assessment setting and tool used; number/level of assessors; study outcome and whether the assessments were incorporated into training curricula. The methodological …