Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Perceptions Of Covid-19 Self-Testing And Recommendations For Implementation And Scale-Up Among Black/African Americans: Implications For The Covid-19 Step Project, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Thembekile Shato, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 self-testing (ST) is an innovative strategy with the potential to increase the access and uptake of testing and ultimately to limit the spread of the virus. To maximize the uptake and reach of this promising strategy and inform intervention development and scale up, research is needed to understand the acceptability of and willingness to use this tool. This is vital to ensure that Black/African Americans are reached by the Biden-Harris Administration's free national COVID-19 ST program. This study aimed to explore the acceptability and recommendations to promote and scale-up the uptake of COVID-19 ST among Black/African Americans.

METHODS: …

Face Identity Coding In The Deep Neural Network And Primate Brain, Jinge Wang, Runnan Cao, Nicholas J Brandmeir, Xin Li, Shuo Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A central challenge in face perception research is to understand how neurons encode face identities. This challenge has not been met largely due to the lack of simultaneous access to the entire face processing neural network and the lack of a comprehensive multifaceted model capable of characterizing a large number of facial features. Here, we addressed this challenge by conducting in silico experiments using a pre-trained face recognition deep neural network (DNN) with a diverse array of stimuli. We identified a subset of DNN units selective to face identities, and these identity-selective units demonstrated generalized discriminability to novel faces. Visualization …

Rapid Detection Of An Ebola Biomarker With Optical Microring Resonators, Abraham J Qavi, Krista Meserve, M Javad Aman, Hong Vu, Larry Zeitlin, John M Dye, Jeffrey W Froude, Daisy W Leung, Lan Yang, Frederick W Holtsberg, Ryan C Bailey, Gaya K Amarasinghe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a highly infectious pathogen, with a case mortality rate as high as 89%. Rapid therapeutic treatments and supportive measures can drastically improve patient outcome; however, the symptoms of EBOV disease (EVD) lack specificity from other endemic diseases. Given the high mortality and significant symptom overlap, there is a critical need for sensitive, rapid diagnostics for EVD. Facile diagnosis of EVD remains a challenge. Here, we describe a rapid and sensitive diagnostic for EVD through microring resonator sensors in conjunction with a unique biomarker of EBOV infection, soluble glycoprotein (sGP). Microring resonator sensors detected sGP in under …

Impact Of Capsulectomy Type On Post-Explantation Systemic Symptom Improvement: Findings From The Aserf Systemic Symptoms In Women-Biospecimen Analysis Study: Part 1, Caroline Glicksman, Patricia Mcguire, Marshall Kadin, Marisa Lawrence, Melinda Haws, Jill Newby, Sarah Ferenz, James Sung, Roger Wixtrom

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Breast Implant Illness (BII) is a term used to describe a variety of symptoms by patients with breast implants for which there are no abnormal physical or laboratory findings to explain their symptoms. There currently exists a difference of opinion among clinicians and patients concerning the diagnosis and treatment of patients self-reporting BII.

OBJECTIVES: The first aim of this study was to determine if there is a valid indication for "en bloc" capsulectomy in patients self-reporting BII and if the type of capsulectomy performed alters long-term symptom improvement. The second goal was to identify any clinical laboratory differences between …

Stroke Recovery Phenotyping Through Network Trajectory Approaches And Graph Neural Networks, Sanjukta Krishnagopal, Keith Lohse, Robynne Braun

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Stroke is a leading cause of neurological injury characterized by impairments in multiple neurological domains including cognition, language, sensory and motor functions. Clinical recovery in these domains is tracked using a wide range of measures that may be continuous, ordinal, interval or categorical in nature, which can present challenges for multivariate regression approaches. This has hindered stroke researchers' ability to achieve an integrated picture of the complex time-evolving interactions among symptoms. Here, we use tools from network science and machine learning that are particularly well-suited to extracting underlying patterns in such data, and may assist in prediction of recovery patterns. …

Aspartyl Protease Inhibitors As Anti-Filarial Drugs, Liana Beld, Hyeim Jung, Christina A Bulman, Bruce A Rosa, Peter U Fischer, James W Janetka, Sara Lustigman, Judy A Sakanari, Makedonka Mitreva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The current treatments for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis do not effectively kill the adult parasitic nematodes, allowing these chronic and debilitating diseases to persist in millions of people. Thus, the discovery of new drugs with macrofilaricidal potential to treat these filarial diseases is critical. To facilitate this need, we first investigated the effects of three aspartyl protease inhibitors (APIs) that are FDA-approved as HIV antiretroviral drugs on the adult filarial nematode,

Imaging Peripheral Nerve Micro-Anatomy With Muse, 2d And 3d Approaches, Chaitanya Kolluru, Austin Todd, Aniruddha R Upadhye, Yehe Liu, Mikhail Y Berezin, Farzad Fereidouni, Richard M Levenson, Yanming Wang, Andrew J Shoffstall, Michael W Jenkins, David L Wilson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Understanding peripheral nerve micro-anatomy can assist in the development of safe and effective neuromodulation devices. However, current approaches for imaging nerve morphology at the fiber level are either cumbersome, require substantial instrumentation, have a limited volume of view, or are limited in resolution/contrast. We present alternative methods based on MUSE (Microscopy with Ultraviolet Surface Excitation) imaging to investigate peripheral nerve morphology, both in 2D and 3D. For 2D imaging, fixed samples are imaged on a conventional MUSE system either label free (via auto-fluorescence) or after staining with fluorescent dyes. This method provides a simple and rapid technique to visualize myelinated …

Protocol To Analyze And Quantify Protein-Methylated Rna Interactions In Mammalian Cells With A Combination Of Rna Immunoprecipitation And Nucleoside Mass Spectrometry, Ning Tsao, Jennifer M Soll, Nima Mosammaparast

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cellular RNAs are modified by both physiological factors and exogenous agents, such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). However, techniques for analyzing how proteins may interact with these modified RNAs are limited. Here, we provide a protocol combining RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) with mass spectrometry (MS) to analyze the methylation state of the RNAs bound by Flag-tagged proteins in mammalian cells. The approach is highly quantitative and can simultaneously detect several methylated nucleosides in a single experiment. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Tsao et al. (2021).

Cryo-Em Structure Of The Prothrombin-Prothrombinase Complex, Eliza A Ruben, Brock Summers, Michael J Rau, James A J Fitzpatrick, Enrico Di Cera

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade converge to a common step where the prothrombinase complex, comprising the enzyme factor Xa (fXa), the cofactor fVa, Ca2+ and phospholipids, activates the zymogen prothrombin to the protease thrombin. The reaction entails cleavage at 2 sites, R271 and R320, generating the intermediates prethrombin 2 and meizothrombin, respectively. The molecular basis of these interactions that are central to hemostasis remains elusive. We solved 2 cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the fVa-fXa complex, 1 free on nanodiscs at 5.3-Å resolution and the other bound to prothrombin at near atomic 4.1-Å resolution. In …

The Csf In Neurosarcoidosis Contains Consistent Clonal Expansion Of Cd8 T Cells, But Not Cd4 T Cells, Michael A Paley, Brandi J Baker, S Richard Dunham, Nicole Linskey, Claudia Cantoni, Kenneth Lee, Lynn M Hassman, Jennifer Laurent, Elisha D O Roberson, David B Clifford, Wayne M Yokoyama

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The tissue-specific drivers of neurosarcoidosis remain poorly defined. To identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specific, antigen-driven T and B cell responses, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of CSF and blood cells from neurosarcoid participants coupled to T and B cell receptor sequencing. In contrast to pulmonary sarcoidosis, which is driven by CD4 T cells, we found CD8 T cell clonal expansion enriched in the neurosarcoid CSF. These CSF-enriched CD8 T cells were composed of two subsets with differential expression of EBI2, CXCR3, and CXCR4. Lastly, our data suggest that IFNγ signaling may distinguish neurosarcoidosis from other neurological disorders.

Csf Tau Phosphorylation At Thr205 Is Associated With Loss Of White Matter Integrity In Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease, Jeremy F. Strain, Nicolas Barthelemy, Kanta Horie, Brian A. Gordon, Collin Kilgore, Andrew Aschenbrenner, Carlos Cruchaga, Chengjie Xiong, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Jason Hassenstab, Anne M. Fagan, Yan Li, Celeste M. Karch, Richard J. Perrin, Sarah B. Berman, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Hiroshi Mori, Johannes Levin, James M. Noble, Ricardo Allegri, Peter R. Schofield, Daniel S. Marcus, David M. Holtzman, John C. Morris, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Eric M. Mcdade, Randall J. Bateman, Beau M. Ances

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Hyperphosphorylation of tau leads to conformational changes that destabilize microtubules and hinder axonal transport in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether white matter (WM) decline due to AD is associated with specific Tau phosphorylation site(s).

METHODS: In autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) mutation carriers (MC) and non-carriers (NC) we compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylation at tau sites (pT217, pT181, pS202, and pT205) and total tau with WM measures, as derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and cognition. A WM composite metric, derived from a principal component analysis, was used to identify spatial decline seen in ADAD.

RESULTS: The …

Piperine Derivatives Enhance Fusion And Axonal Transport Of Mitochondria By Activating Mitofusins, Lihong Zhang, Xiawei Dang, Antonietta Franco, Haiyang Zhao, Gerald W. Dorn Ii

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

The Microbiome Restrains Melanoma Bone Growth By Promoting Intestinal Nk And Th1 Cell Homing To Bone, Subhashis Pal, Daniel S. Perrien, Tetsuya Yumoto, Roberta Faccio, Andreea Stoica, Jonathan Adams, Craig M. Coopersmith, Rheinallt M. Jones, M. Neale Weitzmann, Roberto Pacifici

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bone metastases are frequent complications of malignant melanoma leading to reduced quality of life and significant morbidity. Regulation of immune cells by the gut microbiome influences cancer progression, but the role of the microbiome in tumor growth in bone is unknown. Using intracardiac or intratibial injections of B16-F10 melanoma cells into mice, we showed that gut microbiome depletion by broad-spectrum antibiotics accelerated intraosseous tumor growth and osteolysis. Microbiome depletion blunted melanoma-induced expansion of intestinal NK cells and Th1 cells and their migration from the gut to tumor-bearing bones. Demonstrating the functional relevance of immune cell trafficking from the gut to …

A Dual-Center Cohort Study On The Association Between Early Deep Sedation And Clinical Outcomes In Mechanically Ventilated Patients During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Covid-Sed Study, Robert J Stephens, Erin M Evans, Michael J Pajor, Ryan D Pappal, Haley M Egan, Max Wei, Hunter Hayes, Jason A Morris, Nicholas Becker, Brian W Roberts, Marin H Kollef, Nicholas M Mohr, Brian M Fuller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mechanically ventilated patients have experienced greater periods of prolonged deep sedation during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Multiple studies from the pre-COVID era demonstrate that early deep sedation is associated with worse outcome. Despite this, there is a lack of data on sedation depth and its impact on outcome for mechanically ventilated patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to characterize the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) sedation practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine if early deep sedation was associated with worse clinical outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Dual-center, retrospective cohort study conducted over …

Exploring The Impact Of Trem2 In Tumor-Associated Macrophages, Darya Khantakova, Simone Brioschi, Martina Molgora

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent a key component of the tumor microenvironment and are generally associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis. TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed in myeloid cells. TREM2 has been extensively studied in microglia and neurodegenerative diseases and recently emerged as a marker of pro-tumorigenic macrophages. The accumulation of TREM2-expressing TAMs was reported across numerous cancer patients and tumor models. TREM2 genetic blockade or TREM2 targeting with antibodies resulted in improved tumor control, enhanced response to anti-PD1, and significant changes in the tumor immune landscape. Preclinical studies paved the way for an ongoing clinical …

Metabolic Biomarkers Assessed With Pet/Ct Predict Sex-Specific Longitudinal Outcomes In Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Shama Jaswal, Vanessa Sanders, Priyanka Pullarkat, Stephanie Teja, Amber Salter, Marcus P Watkins, Norman Atagu, Daniel R Ludwig, Joyce Mhlanga, Vincent M Mellnick, Linda R Peterson, Nancy L Bartlett, Brad S Kahl, Todd A Fehniger, Armin Ghobadi, Amanda F Cashen, Neha Mehta-Shah, Joseph E Ippolito

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In many cancers, including lymphoma, males have higher incidence and mortality than females. Emerging evidence demonstrates that one mechanism underlying this phenomenon is sex differences in metabolism, both with respect to tumor nutrient consumption and systemic alterations in metabolism, i.e., obesity. We wanted to determine if visceral fat and tumor glucose uptake with fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) could predict sex-dependent outcomes in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 160 patients (84 males; 76 females) with DLBCL who had imaging at initial staging and after completion of therapy. CT-based relative visceral fat area …

Impact Of Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Insomnia On Stress, Health, Mood, Cognitive, Inflammatory, And Neurodegenerative Outcomes In Rural Dementia Caregivers: Protocol For The Nitecapp Cares And Nitecapp Shares Randomized Controlled Trial, Christina S Mccrae, Ashley F Curtis, Amelia Cottle, David B Beversdorf, Joel Shenker, Brian P Mooney, Mihail Popescu, Marilyn Rantz, Maureen Groer, Phyllis Stein, Mojgan Golzy, Melanie A Stearns, Angelynn Simenson, Neetu Nair, Meredeth A Rowe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Chronic insomnia affects up to 63% of family dementia caregivers. Research suggests that chronic insomnia prompts changes in central stress processing that have downstream negative effects on health and mood, as well as on cognitive, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative functioning. We hypothesize that cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) will reverse those downstream effects by improving insomnia and restoring healthy central stress processing. Rural caregivers are particularly vulnerable, but they have limited access to CBT-I; therefore, we developed an accessible digital version using community input (NiteCAPP CARES).

OBJECTIVE: This trial will evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and short-term and long-term effects …

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Activation In Mature Cdc1 Promotes Tolerogenic Education Of Inflammatory Cdc2 Via Metabolic Communication, Marco Gargaro, Carlos G. Briseño, Prachi Bagadia, Vivek Durai, Derek J. Theisen, Sunkyung Kim, Marco Colonna, Theresa L. Murphy, Kenneth M. Murphy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), cDC1 and cDC2, act both to initiate immunity and maintain self-tolerance. The tryptophan metabolic enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is used by cDCs in maintaining tolerance, but its role in different subsets remains unclear. At homeostasis, only mature CCR7

Distributed Learning For Heterogeneous Clinical Data With Application To Integrating Covid-19 Data Across 230 Sites, Jiayi Tong, Chongliang Luo, Md Nazmul Islam, Natalie E Sheils, John Buresh, Mackenzie Edmondson, Peter A Merkel, Ebbing Lautenbach, Rui Duan, Yong Chen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Integrating real-world data (RWD) from several clinical sites offers great opportunities to improve estimation with a more general population compared to analyses based on a single clinical site. However, sharing patient-level data across sites is practically challenging due to concerns about maintaining patient privacy. We develop a distributed algorithm to integrate heterogeneous RWD from multiple clinical sites without sharing patient-level data. The proposed distributed conditional logistic regression (dCLR) algorithm can effectively account for between-site heterogeneity and requires only one round of communication. Our simulation study and data application with the data of 14,215 COVID-19 patients from 230 clinical sites in …

Primary Prevention Of Stroke In Children With Sickle Cell Anemia In Nigeria: Protocol For A Mixed Methods Implementation Study In A Community Hospital, Halima Bello-Manga, Lawal Haliru, Kudrat Abdulkareem Ahmed, Abdulkadir Musa Tabari, Bilkisu Usman Farouk, Gloria Yimi Bahago, Aisha Shuaibu Kazaure, Abdulrasheed Sani Muhammad, Samira Abubakar Gwarzo, Ana A Baumann, Michael R Debaun, Allison A King

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In Nigeria, approximately 150,000 children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are born annually, accounting for more than half of all SCA births worldwide. Without intervention, about 11% of children with SCA will develop a stroke before their 20th birthday. Evidence-based practices for primary stroke prevention include screening for abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD) measurements coupled with regular blood transfusion therapy for at least one year, followed by hydroxyurea (HU) therapy indefinitely. In high-resource countries, this strategy contributes to a 92% decrease in stroke incidence rates. In 2016, as part of a capacity building objective of the Stroke Prevention Trial in …

Assessing Covid-19 Testing Strategies In K-12 Schools In Underserved Populations: Study Protocol For A Cluster-Randomized Trial, Samantha Hayes, Sara Malone, Brittany Bonty, Nancy Mueller, Summer M Reyes, Sydney A Reyes, Christina Evans, Myisha Wilcher-Roberts, Tremayne Watterson, Sewuese Akuse, Jamee Shelley, Grace Yuan, Ian Lackey, Jasmine Prater, Brock Montgomery, Cynthia Williams, Sheretta T Butler-Barnes, Kelly Harris, Charlene Caburnay, Nikole Lobb Dougherty, Jingxia Liu, Albert Lai, Julie Neidich, Stephanie Fritz, Jason G Newland

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Since March 2020, COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted communities of color within the United States. As schools have shifted from virtual to in-person learning, continual guidance is necessary to understand appropriate interventions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Weekly testing of students and staff for SARS-CoV-2 within K-12 school setting could provide an additional barrier to school-based transmission, especially within schools unable to implement additional mitigation strategies and/or are in areas of high transmission. This study seeks to understand the role that weekly SARS-CoV-2 testing could play in K-12 schools. In addition, through qualitative interviews and listening sessions, this research hopes to …

A Reference Tissue Atlas For The Human Kidney, Jens Hansen, Sanjay Jain, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP) is building a spatially specified human kidney tissue atlas in health and disease with single-cell resolution. Here, we describe the construction of an integrated reference map of cells, pathways, and genes using unaffected regions of nephrectomy tissues and undiseased human biopsies from 56 adult subjects. We use single-cell/nucleus transcriptomics, subsegmental laser microdissection transcriptomics and proteomics, near-single-cell proteomics, 3D and CODEX imaging, and spatial metabolomics to hierarchically identify genes, pathways, and cells. Integrated data from these different technologies coherently identify cell types/subtypes within different nephron segments and the interstitium. These profiles describe cell-level functional organization of …

Copper-67-Labeled Bombesin Peptide For Targeted Radionuclide Therapy Of Prostate Cancer, Truc T Huynh, Ellen M Van Dam, Sreeja Sreekumar, Cedric Mpoy, Benjamin J Blyth, Fenella Muntz, Matthew J Harris, Buck E Rogers

2010-2019 OA Pubs

The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a promising molecular target for imaging and therapy of prostate cancer using bombesin peptides that bind to the receptor with high affinity. Targeted copper theranostics (TCTs) using copper radionuclides,

Social Determinants Of Health And Cancer Screening Implementation And Outcomes In The Usa: A Systematic Review Protocol, Ariella R Korn, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Meagan Pilar, Brittney Sandler, Prema Bhattacharjee, W Todd Moore, Ross C Brownson, Karen M Emmons, April Y Oh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Improving the delivery, uptake, and implementation of cancer screening to meet evidence-based recommendations is needed to reduce persistent cancer health disparities in the USA. Current national public health targets emphasize the role of social determinants of health (SDOH) on cancer screening. However, there remains a need to explicate these linkages, toward the goal of identifying and implementing effective interventions that target and address SDOH to reduce inequities in cancer screening.

METHODS: We will conduct a systematic review of English language peer-reviewed original research articles published between 2010 and 2021 that describe observational (qualitative and quantitative) and intervention studies conducted …

Prostate Cancer Therapy Personalization Via Multi-Modal Deep Learning On Randomized Phase Iii Clinical Trials, Andre Esteva, Jeff M Michalski, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer death. Determining a patient's optimal therapy is a challenge, where oncologists must select a therapy with the highest likelihood of success and the lowest likelihood of toxicity. International standards for prognostication rely on non-specific and semi-quantitative tools, commonly leading to over- and under-treatment. Tissue-based molecular biomarkers have attempted to address this, but most have limited validation in prospective randomized trials and expensive processing costs, posing substantial barriers to widespread adoption. There remains a significant need for accurate and scalable tools to support therapy personalization. Here …

Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratios In Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement: The Partner Trials And Registries, Bahira Shahim, Alan Zajarias, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a marker of systemic inflammation has been associated with worse prognosis in several chronic disease states, including heart failure. However, few data exist on the prognostic impact of elevated baseline NLR or change in NLR levels during follow-up in patients undergoing transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement (TAVR or SAVR) for aortic stenosis. Methods and Results NLR was available in 5881 patients with severe aortic stenosis receiving TAVR or SAVR in PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves) I, II, and S3 trials/registries (median [Q1, Q3] NLR, 3.30 [2.40, 4.90]); mean NLR, 4.10; range, 0.5-24.9) …

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Instructs The Immunomodulatory Profile Of A Subset Of Clec4a4 Eosinophils Unique To The Small Intestine, Wei-Le Wang, Jun Kasamatsu, Satoru Joshita, Susan Gilfillan, Blanda Di Luccia, Santosh K Panda, Do-Hyun Kim, Pritesh Desai, Jennifer K Bando, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang, Kentaro Yomogida, Steven J Van Dyken, Marina Cella, Marco Colonna, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

C-type lectin domain family 4, member a4 (Clec4a4) is a C-type lectin inhibitory receptor specific for glycans thought to be exclusively expressed on murine CD8α− conventional dendritic cells. Using newly generated Clec4a4-mCherry knock-in mice, we identify a subset of Clec4a4-expressing eosinophils uniquely localized in the small intestine lamina propria. Clec4a4+ eosinophils evinced an immunomodulatory signature, whereas Clec4a4− eosinophils manifested a proinflammatory profile. Clec4a4+ eosinophils expressed high levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), which drove the expression of Clec4a4 as well as other immunomodulatory features, such as PD-L1. The abundance of Clec4a4+ eosinophils was dependent on dietary AHR ligands, increased with …

Potential Impact Of 2017 American College Of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline On Contemporary Practice: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Ncdr Pinnacle Registry, Aliza Hussain, Salim S Virani, Luke Zheng, Ty J Gluckman, William B Borden, Frederick A Masoudi, Thomas M Maddox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background Clinical implications of change in the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on the diagnosis and management of hypertension, compared with recommendations by 2014 expert panel and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), are not known. Methods and Results Using data from the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry (January 2013-Decemver 2016), we compared the proportion and clinical characteristics of patients seen in cardiology practices diagnosed with hypertension, recommended antihypertensive treatment, and achieving blood pressure (BP) goals …

Precise Topology Of Adjacent Domain-General And Sensory-Biased Regions In The Human Brain, Moataz Assem, Sneha Shashidhara, Matthew F Glasser, John Duncan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recent functional MRI studies identified sensory-biased regions across much of the association cortices and cerebellum. However, their anatomical relationship to multiple-demand (MD) regions, characterized as domain-general due to their coactivation during multiple cognitive demands, remains unclear. For a better anatomical delineation, we used multimodal MRI techniques of the Human Connectome Project to scan subjects performing visual and auditory versions of a working memory (WM) task. The contrast between hard and easy WM showed strong domain generality, with essentially identical patterns of cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar MD activity for visual and auditory materials. In contrast, modality preferences were shown by contrasting …

Serotonin Type 3 Receptor Subunit Gene Polymorphisms Associated With Psychosomatic Symptoms In Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Multicenter Retrospective Study, Sabrina Berens, Gregory Sayuk, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the serotonin type 3 receptor subunit (

AIM: To assess the association of

METHODS: In this retrospective study, 623 participants with IBS were recruited from five specialty centers in Germany, Sweden, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. Depressive, anxiety, and somatization symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Four functional SNPs -

RESULTS: Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly worsened with increasing numbers of minor

CONCLUSION: We have provided the first evidence that