Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Intensive Outpatient Treatment Program For Patients With Depressive Disorder: A Parental Perspective, Emmanuel Akpan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Psychosocial support from family is important in outpatient treatment programs for individuals with depressive disorder. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of parents of patients with depressive disorder regarding intensive outpatient treatment. The research question was what are the experiences and perceptions of parents of patients with depression regarding their role as caretakers in intensive outpatient treatment? The conceptual framework was a biopsychosocial framework and family systems theory. Content analysis was used to analyze data provided from interviews with parent participants (n = 8). Many participants reported high levels of involvement with …

Correlating Residual Stress With Personal And Professional Characteristics In Aircraft Pilots, Erik Eckblad

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Every day aircraft pilots must successfully resolve significant inflight situations and then manage the possibility of residual psychological and physiological stress. Previous research has shown primary attention is given to presignificant event training and stress management, however there remains an important gap in the current literature regarding postsignificant event stress within the aviation profession. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to use the observational lens of stress theory and survey U.S. pilots who have experienced an inflight emergency, looking for correlation between factors such as age, gender, flight experience, and training against a pilot's self-reported level of residual …

A Meta-Analysis Of Video Based Interventions In Adult Mental Health, Lauretta Kaye Montes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Symptoms of mental illness such as anxiety and depression diminish functioning, cause distress, and create an economic burden to individuals and society. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of video based interventions (VBIs) for the treatment of adults in mental health settings. VBIs comprise four different ways of using video in mental health therapy, including video modeling, video exposure, video feedback, and videos used for psychoeducation. Bandura's social learning theory, Beck's cognitive theory, and Dowrick's theory of feedforward learning form the theoretical framework for understanding how VBIs work. The research questions were: (a) what is the range of …

Locus Of Control, Poverty And Health Promoting Lifestyles, Cara Stephenson-Hunter

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite increased access to care and interventions aimed to change health behavior, socioeconomic health disparities have remained unchanged, even for preventable illness and disease. Health behavior theories and interventions heavily rely on perceptions of control over one's fate and thus ignore populations with low perceptions of personal control. Poverty is associated with an external locus of control (LOC), while both poverty and external LOC are associated with less health protective behavior. The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the role of LOC as an adaptive response to poverty and to discover the risks and benefits to physical and …

Knowledge, Perceived Barriers, And Preventive Behaviors Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Among Gallaudet University Employees, Andy Kenji Tao

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

When the Minority Health Improvement and Health Disparity Elimination Act of 2007 went into effect, there was a corresponding increase in research focused on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in underrepresented groups, except for 1: culturally Deaf Americans. Guided by the health belief model, the purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant differences in the level of knowledge, perceived barriers, and preventive behaviors associated with CVD among Deaf and hearing employees at Gallaudet University, Washington D.C. This cross-sectional quantitative research study used a survey with questions derived from 2 existing national surveys. One hundred eighty-six subjects were recruited …

Simulation-Based Education To Decrease Cauti Rates In The Intensive Care, Janet Belanger Bell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) occur frequently in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients, who are hospitals' most vulnerable population. This quality improvement project is the evaluation of 2 interventions used in one acute care facility's ICU to decrease CAUTI rates over a 3-year timeline. The 2 interventions used for the project were 1) an evidence-based guideline developed from the Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program and 2) simulation-based education for teaching the guideline. Using the Iowa model and Havelock's theory of planned change as a framework, the 2 interventions were evaluated over a 3-year timeline: 2014 pre- intervention, 2015 intervention, and 2016 …

Implications Of An All Bsn Workforce Policy, Mary Clifford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Discussion continues about requiring a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) as the minimum requirement for entry into registered nursing practice. A Magnet-® recognized hospital located in the Northeast United States is requiring all registered nurses without a BSN (n=284 or 28%) to obtain their BSN by 2022 as a condition for employment. The purpose of this project was to quantify the potential number and rationale of nurses who are not planning to return to school. The 2 practice focused questions are (a) What is the rationale for nurses who do not plan to pursue their BSN degree and (b) …

Evaluating The Impact Of An Early Warning Scoring System In A Community Hospital Setting, Christine Conner

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Failure to recognize and respond to early signs of deterioration in hospitalized patients can have significant implications associated with delays in treatment. This lack of recognition was the impetus for rapid response teams in the United States and the recommendation by the Institute of Healthcare Improvement for use of early warning scores. This project was designed to evaluate the pilot implementation of an early warning score on 2 units in a community hospital in the Northeast. The practice-focused question was used to explore how patient outcomes changed following implementation of an early warning score (EWS) compared to patient outcomes associated …

Successful Project Management, Tomomi M. Horning

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High project failure rates result in billions of wasted dollars each year. Project failure does not discriminate by type of project or the industry from which they originate. The purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies that leaders at a health care organization located in Pennsylvania use to manage projects successfully. This population was selected due to the health care organization's reputation for successful project completion. The conceptual framework for this study was Fiedler's contingency theory. Data were collected by conducting semistructured interviews with 9 project leaders and reviewing project documents provided by study participants. Interviews …

Stroke Risk Factor Knowledge, Attitude, Prevention Practices, And Stroke, Adaku Ngozika Madubuko

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Regardless of the advances that have been made in stroke research and treatment and the overall decrease in stroke mortality, the stroke mortality rate for African Americans is still high at 45.2/100,000 and is still the leading cause of adult disability. Knowledge of the risk factors of stroke is paramount to reducing the morbidity and mortality of stroke, but knowledge of stroke risk factors has been found to be suboptimal in the African American population. The purpose of this study was to examine if there is a relationship between the knowledge, perception, and sources of stroke information of risk factors …

Job Satisfaction And The Effects And Influences On Nurse Retention, Burke N. Kline

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have predicted that by 2020 the United States will experience a severe shortage of registered nurses. The purpose of this correlation study, using the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses 2008, was to investigate the relationship between nurse job satisfaction and its effect on nurse retention nationwide. Secondary data sets from the 2008 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses and examining relationships between the variable of nurse retention and job satisfaction. Bivariate (correlation coefficient, chi squares, and simple linear regression) and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses identified and connected associations and examined measurement levels between the dependent and independent variables, …

Prescribing Hiv Prep And Education Needs Among Care Providers, Martin K. Logo, Hadi Denawi, Aimee Ferraro

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a biomedical intervention to prevent the spread of HIV. Underprescribing PrEP could increase the probability of HIV exposure among serodivergent couples/partners and people who do not practice safer sex. Previous research on PrEP did not assess the association between awareness of PrEP, years of experience of the providers, provider types, and the frequency of PrEP among physicians. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that awareness of PrEP, years of experience, and provider types might be predictors of the frequency of PrEP among physicians. Precaution adoption process model and cross-sectional design were applied …

Disparity In Maternal Health Services Among The Different Geopolitical Zones In Nigeria, Abubakar Sadiq Umar, Chinaro Kennedy, Hebatullah Tawfik, Daniel M. N. Okenu

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Although the use of antenatal and other skilled maternal health delivery services in Nigeria was reported to be on the increase, this research explored whether geopolitical zone of residence and place of domicile are associated with the number of antenatal visits and place of delivery. A quantitative cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey was used to examine the relationship between women’s geopolitical zone of residence, place of domicile (rural/urban), and the number of antenatal visits (categorized as fewer than four or four or more) and delivery (home or health facility). A total of 33,385 …

Sleep Quality And Its Health Correlates Among Egyptian Secondary School Students, Dalia M. Ismail, Dalia G. Mahran, Ali H. Zarzour, Ghaydaa A. Sheahata

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The objective of the recent study was to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and to assess its psychological and general health correlates among secondary school students in the city of Assiut, Egypt. A cross sectional study was conducted among 829 secondary school students (selected by multistage stratified random sampling) aged 15–19 years in Assiut. Students filled in a self-administered questionnaire that included demographic data, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, general perception of health, and the short form of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale. The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) was 72.5%. The mean …

Obesity And Learned Eating Behavior: A Review Of First Bite: How We Learn To Eat, Winnie Eke

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Bee Wilson's book, First Bite: How we learn to eat is reviewed.

Attitudes Of Women Offenders Towards Medicaid Enrollment And Coverage Under The Affordable Care Act, Morrisa Barbara Rice

2017 Program & Posters

This phenomenological study explored the attitudes of women offenders in jail about Medicaid enrollment and coverage under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). This understanding provided insight for jail leadership and other stakeholders to address barriers and incorporate facilitators identified to make it simpler for women offenders to enroll before released from jail.

How Parenting Behaviors Influence Weight And Health Status Of African American Adolescents, Natasha T. Hourel

2017 Program & Posters

This quantitative secondary data analysis sought to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and practices of African American mothers and fathers residing both inside and outside of the home on the weight status (as measured by BMI percentile) of their adolescent children. Findings indicate variables beyond parenting practices, such as urban/rural residence, must be considered to explain weight status among adolescents.

Multiple Roles As Predictors Of Subjective Well-Being In African American Women, Sha-Rhonda Michea Green-Davis

2017 Program & Posters

Through multiple regression analysis of the NSAL archival data, this study examined how the subjective well-being (SWB) of African American women ages 18-44 (n = 1,877) can be predicted by their age, years of education, household income, number of children, and marital, parental, and employment statuses.

How Leaders Market And Commercialize Healthcare Technology Innovation, Roxie Mooney, Rocky J. Dwyer Dr.

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

This study investigates what strategies technology development marketing leaders utilized to commercialize a new product innovation in the healthcare market. Analysis of data generated 3 major themes: strategies implemented during the prelaunch phase, strategies implemented during the pilot customer phase, and strategies implemented in the broader market launch phase of the CoI process. Findings from this study may contribute to maximizing commercial success and the diffusion of new product innovations in healthcare, which might lead to better patient outcomes and enhanced ways of practicing medicine.

Cognitive Performance And Mood Changes In The Post-Thyroidectomy Patient Treated With T4 Versus T4+T3, Lorena Likaj

2017 Program & Posters

This study investigated changes in cognition and mood in the post-thyroidectomy patient. Specifically, this study investigates changes in cognition and mood, when the patient has been returned to normal, laboratory serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference levels, following conventional thyroid hormone replacement therapies with levothyroxine (T4) alone. Findings reveal a distinct, small, and clinically significant subgroup of post-thyroidectomy patients (10–15%) who continue to experience impaired cognition and mood, even when routinely measured serum TSH levels have been returned to normal levels. Findings are discussed within a conceptual matrix emphasizing the differential role of deiodinase enzymes required for conversion of T4 to …

Crafting A System Of Profound Knowledge Management In Long Term Care, Charlotte Johnston

2017 Program & Posters

Healthcare industries face regulatory and funding challenges to improve quality and close knowing-to doing gaps in healthcare. The study presents a substantive conceptual theory for crafting knowledge management (KM) in long-term-care (LTC); and extends Deming’s theory of profound knowledge from an organizational to the individual level of action and decision making.

Qualitative Research And Vicarious Trauma: The Use Of Reflexivity, Dawn Higgins

2017 Program & Posters

Qualitative researchers studying traumatic events may experience vicarious trauma. The research practice of reflexivity addresses biases of the researcher, however, there is no explicit practice to address symptoms of vicarious trauma. In this introspective study, the researcher uses a reflexive worksheet to explore vicarious trauma in her study on 9/ll.

The Relationship Between Pre-Licensure Employment And Student Nurse Self-Efficacy, Khristina Lee Grimm

2017 Program & Posters

Lack of self-efficacy in nursing practice contributes to high levels of stress as new nurses enter the workforce, which causes turnover during their first year of practice. Little is known about how the type and amount of pre-licensure employment affects the selfefficacy in nursing practice of the student nurse.

Labeling Still Matters: The United Nations Development Programme And The Bied Growth Path Model, Kenneth T. Davis

2017 Program & Posters

The Purpose of this study is to review the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Index (HDI) labels with the Behavioral International Economic Development Growth Path Model labels to get a better understanding of this new dynamic model and its layered approach. The 2012 HDI labels and previous trends were used along with the CIA World Factbook 2002 and 2012. This study promotes classification labels based on labor force occupation by sector, specifically agrarian, industry, and services behavior.

Sleep Among Young Adults Living In Rural Poverty, Susan Barber Skinner

2017 Program & Posters

Sleep problems are implicated in individual health and public safety issues. This phenomenological study used semi-structured interviews (n = 12) of young adults living in rural poverty. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes including a struggle to balance sleep with preferred activities and a belief that the body controls sleep behavior.

Insurance Status Versus Hospitalized Patient Outcomes With Pulmonary Hypertension: National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2000-2010, Srikanta Banerjee

2017 Program & Posters

Pulmonary Hypertension is a common complication of heart failure or obstructive pulmonary disease. The National Hospital Discharge Survey, the largest national inpatient-based survey, was used for complex samples logistic regression modeling. Findings from this study demonstrated that insurance status had a statistically significant association with hospital related mortality rates.

Correlations Between Management Behaviors And Financial Indicators With Fda Compliance Leading To Medicine Shortages, Francisco Gutierrez-Perez

2017 Program & Posters

A series of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) interventions and enforcement actions against pharmaceutical manufacturers in the past 5-6 years led to medicine shortages in the United States.

• The manufacturing shortfalls made essential medicines unavailable for the treatment of patients.

• Manufacturing shortfalls implied that quality management and manufacturing systems were not empowered or adequately staffed to support the critical functions of the pharmaceutical firms.

Determinants Of Hiv Screening Among Adults In New Jersey After Hurricane Sandy, Nathaniel R. Geyer

2017 Program & Posters

HIV screening is recommended to destigmatize the condition, prevent partner transmission, and postpone AIDS progression. However, determinants associated with implementation of opt-out HIV screening are not well understood. In order to examine determinants that predicted HIV screening for people impacted by Hurricane Sandy, this study aims to evaluate this screening to medical care after a natural disaster.

Evaluating The Impact Of An Evidence- Based Weight Reduction Program Among The Obese At A Medical Facility In North Central United States, Petronilla Eke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In September 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) determined that more than one-third (36.5%) of U.S. adults have an obesity problem. According to the CDC, this issue results in other medical conditions such as type 11 diabetes, hypertension, cancer, heart disease, and stroke. This project was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based weight reduction program for obese individuals at a medical facility in the North Central United States. The methodology used consisted of a retrospective chart review of pre- and post-data for 45 people who participated in the medical facility's weight-reduction program over a 6 …

The Relationship Between Technology Threat Avoidance And Innovation In Health Care Organizations, Melvin R. Fenner Jr

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Most leaders of healthcare delivery organizations have increased their rate of technological innovation, but some still struggle to keep pace with other industries. The problem addressed in this study was that senior leaders in some rural ambulatory healthcare facilities failed to innovate, even with recent healthcare technological innovations, which could lead to increased medical errors and a loss of efficiency. The purpose of the study was to examine if a relationship exists between the avoidance of technology threats by senior leaders in ambulatory healthcare organizations and the innovation propensity of the organization. Technology threat avoidance theory served as the theoretical …