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Articles 4231 - 4260 of 6102

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Socioeconomic Characteristics Of Farmers And Agrochemical Use In Grenada, Lindonne Marcia Glasgow Jan 2018

Socioeconomic Characteristics Of Farmers And Agrochemical Use In Grenada, Lindonne Marcia Glasgow

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The World Health Organization classified carbaryl, glyphosate, and paraquat as hazardous to human health. In the Agriculture Health Study in the United States, health problems were associated with the use of these 3 agrochemicals 12 or more times per year. These 3 agrochemicals were commonly used in Grenada. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between the social and economic characteristics of the farmers who participated in the 2012 agriculture survey and the use of agrochemicals at frequencies that could pose health risks. Five constructs of the social cognitive theory were used as the premise …

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Under-Reporting Of Adverse Drug Reactions To The Food & Drug Administration, James Alexander Lamb Jan 2018

Under-Reporting Of Adverse Drug Reactions To The Food & Drug Administration, James Alexander Lamb

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study examined the potential significant differences in the distribution of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by reporter (consumer versus physician) and patient outcome at case and event level. This study also contains exploratory questions to evaluate reporting of ADRs by consumers versus physician by system organ class (SOC) and reporter demographics within the United States Food & Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). The theoretical foundation applied in this quantitative study was the social amplification of risk framework. Data from the second quarter of 2016 were obtained from FAERS, and a total of 87,807 ADR reports corresponding to 143,399 …

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Lived Experiences Of The Individual Mandate Of The Affordable Care Act, Wendy Berry Jan 2018

Lived Experiences Of The Individual Mandate Of The Affordable Care Act, Wendy Berry

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2014, the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) came into effect. More than 7 million Americans paid a tax penalty for not carrying insurance during the previous tax year. Millions of others were forced to purchase a health insurance plan to avoid that penalty. This study filled a gap in public health policy research by incorporating qualitative data to offer narratives along with statistical data that could help explain health outcomes to make successful policy changes in 2019. The purpose of this study was to research the use of market competitive theory by learning people's lived experiences …

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Assessing Asthma-Specific Health-Related Quality Of Life In Children With An Ecological Systems Approach, Jamyia Clark Jan 2018

Assessing Asthma-Specific Health-Related Quality Of Life In Children With An Ecological Systems Approach, Jamyia Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite initiatives and management efforts to minimize exacerbation and adverse outcomes, asthma remains a leading cause of childhood chronic disease in the United States. Environmental, personal, and social factors have been associated with an increase of asthma morbidity. However, little is known about how they cumulatively affect children's quality of life. This study applied a multifactorial conceptual model grounded by the ecological systems theory framework to ascertain which environmental, personal, and social factors were cumulatively associated with adverse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with asthma ages 5-17 years. A national, cross-sectional survey, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System …

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Relationship Between Exposure To Phthalate And Obesity In The United States, Gladys Chidiebere Ezem Jan 2018

Relationship Between Exposure To Phthalate And Obesity In The United States, Gladys Chidiebere Ezem

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity is a public health problem. The global obesity problem has been attributed to unhealthy diet, inactivity, and hereditary factors. However, phthalates may also contribute to the obesity epidemic. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether there was a relationship between exposure to phthalates and obesity among adults 18 years and older in the United States. The theoretical framework was based on the socioecological model. The quantitative, cross-sectional design, and data analysis were based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012 database. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the association between …

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Examining The Relationship Between Organizational Climate And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Within Hospitals, Michelle Christine Maus Jan 2018

Examining The Relationship Between Organizational Climate And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Within Hospitals, Michelle Christine Maus

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Members of the healthcare industry have not fully understood organizational climate factors that enhance organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). This lack of understanding can result in negative patient outcomes. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine the relationships between organizational climate factors and OCBs of employees at hospitals via person-organization fit theory. More, specifically, the purpose of this research was to explore (a) the relationships between organizational climate variables (i.e., welfare, autonomy, involvement, effort, training, integration, and supervisory support) and OCBs (n = 218), (b) differences in OCB scores between hospital leaders (n = 72) and followers (n …

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Enhancing The Nurse Aide Student's Knowledge Of Evidence-Based Geriatric Care Practices, Vivienne Mcdaniel Jan 2018

Enhancing The Nurse Aide Student's Knowledge Of Evidence-Based Geriatric Care Practices, Vivienne Mcdaniel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Certified nurse aides provide approximately 65% of care to more than 1.4 million older adults residing in nursing homes who have been diagnosed with 1 or more chronic illnesses or debilitating conditions. Licensed nurses rely on nurse aides to report potentially harmful status changes in geriatric residents. Nurse aides often receive limited education and do not have a structured care process to guide them in their practice in the geriatric population. The purpose of this educational quality improvement project was to develop a geriatric-specific nurse aide care process to increase the knowledge of student nurse aides regarding processes to identify …

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Complementary And Alternative Medicine Careers Following A Science Academy For Underrepresented Minority Students, Tolulope Oyelowo Jan 2018

Complementary And Alternative Medicine Careers Following A Science Academy For Underrepresented Minority Students, Tolulope Oyelowo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Minority groups experience disproportionately worse health outcomes. An identified solution is to increase the number of minorities providing healthcare in their own communities. Primary care complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers are a potential resource. Many investigators have demonstrated the efficacy of science-based pipeline programs for increasing the roles of students in allopathic health professions. Whether these programs influence matriculation of minorities into a CAM university is unknown. The main purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of a pre-college science academy at a CAM university and determine whether the experience increased interest in and motivation for CAM …

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Sexism, Just-World Beliefs, And Defensive Attribution: Relationship To Online Discourse And Child Sexual Abuse, Andrea M. Barbis Jan 2018

Sexism, Just-World Beliefs, And Defensive Attribution: Relationship To Online Discourse And Child Sexual Abuse, Andrea M. Barbis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research has shown that individuals' willingness to believe a disclosure of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is related to just-world beliefs, ambivalent sexism, and defensive attribution. However, researchers do not know whether these variables relate to posts made in response to online articles describing CSA. Negative or disbelieving posts may impact not only the author, but also readers who view these comments via hindrance of disclosures, increased self-blame, and avoidance of help seeking. In this quantitative study, just-world, ambivalent sexism, and defensive attribution theories provided the theoretical basis used to determine whether just-world beliefs, ambivalent sexism, and defensive attribution influenced comments …

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Developing An Impella Education Program For The Critical Care Registered Nurse, Sara Jackson Jan 2018

Developing An Impella Education Program For The Critical Care Registered Nurse, Sara Jackson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Every year, hundreds of thousands of patients have coronary angiograms performed in the United States. The Impella is a percutaneous ventricular support device that provides hemodynamic support for patients if hemodynamic instability occurs during the procedure. The critical care nurse is responsible for the recovery and management of the patient with the Impella device in place. The purpose of this scholarly project is to provide registered nurses (RN) who have not previously managed the Impella device with the appropriate education in order to demonstrate competency. The program demonstrated improved RN knowledge about the Impella and increased confidence when managing the …

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Examining Health Disparities And Childhood Obesity In Florida And Georgia, Jennifer Wesley Jan 2018

Examining Health Disparities And Childhood Obesity In Florida And Georgia, Jennifer Wesley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Childhood obesity is a major issue in the United States. The rates of obesity vary among racial and ethnic groups in the U.S. South. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to investigate significant state health disparities differences in childhood obesity in the South region between Florida and Georgia. To steer this study, the social cognitive theory was used. The associations between neighborhood safety and support, physical activity, family health and activities on body mass index were examined in this study. Data was obtained from the National Survey of Children's Health 2011-2012 on 1,688 children aged 10-17 years residing …

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Relationship Between Remission Of Symptoms And Screening For Depression, Juliann Molecavage Jan 2018

Relationship Between Remission Of Symptoms And Screening For Depression, Juliann Molecavage

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Depression is the leading cause of disability in the United States. Insufficient evidence is available about the types of follow-up care that may be most effective. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective cohort study was to determine whether remission of depression symptoms was associated with recommended follow-up care when controlling for age, gender, and number of previous episodes of depression, and whether symptom reduction was more likely for those who completed a course of treatment from a mental health specialist in comparison to those who were treated by their primary care providers (PCPs) when controlling for the same variables. The …

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Pilot Texas Red Cross Virtual Disaster Health Services Model-Case Study, Kathryn Elaine Weseman Jan 2018

Pilot Texas Red Cross Virtual Disaster Health Services Model-Case Study, Kathryn Elaine Weseman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Red Cross traditional method of Disaster Health System (DHS) response is ' boots on the ground.' Texas, the 2nd largest state by population and land mass, has only 15 DHS volunteer nurses who were not able to meet the needs of disaster victims in Texas with the traditional response method. The Texas Red Cross DHS volunteer nurses began piloting a virtual DHS model in 2014. The research question was how Texas Red Cross nurses designed, developed, implemented, and evaluated the Texas Red Cross virtual DHS Model. The purpose of this case study was to provide this information in a …

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Educating Oncology Nurses On The Benefits Of Patient Exercise, Roberta Anderson Jan 2018

Educating Oncology Nurses On The Benefits Of Patient Exercise, Roberta Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Exercise benefits patients with cancer during and after treatments. A formalized educational program is lacking at the project's site for oncology nurses on the benefits of exercise for their patients during and after treatment. The purpose of the project was to address the identified gap in practice at the project's site by providing education to oncology nurses on the benefits of exercise for their patients during and after treatment. The ARCS model of motivational design was used as a theoretical foundation to develop and guide the educational program presented to the oncology nurses. The question addressed in the project was: …

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Enhancing Urinary Catheter Skills Among Clinically Practicing Nurses, Arvella Derisa Battick Jan 2018

Enhancing Urinary Catheter Skills Among Clinically Practicing Nurses, Arvella Derisa Battick

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) contribute to increased patient length of stay and health care costs. The literature has shown that one plausible cause of CAUTIs is improper Foley catheter insertion techniques among nurses. The purpose of this project was to answer the project-focused question that asked if there was a difference in nurses' practice skills following an educational intervention involving aseptic Foley insertion. Benner's novice-to-expert theory was the conceptual model for the study. Nurses from a college nursing program were asked to demonstrate Foley catheter insertion on a simulation model, and their technique was evaluated using a standardized checklist. …

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Evidence-Based Strategies And Practices To Manage Veterans' Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review, Janice D. Ivery Jan 2018

Evidence-Based Strategies And Practices To Manage Veterans' Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review, Janice D. Ivery

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Opioid therapy is widely used to treat veterans with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) despite evidence indicating patient safety concerns with the treatment. Although there is a place for opioid therapy in chronic pain management, opioids are not recommended as the first line of treatment for CNCP because of the risk for accidental overdose and death. The purpose of this project was to examine alternative practices for managing CNCP through a systematic review of the literature guided by the conceptual model of the Joanna Briggs Institute method for systematic reviews (JBIM-SR). A critical appraisal of the literature was conducted, and data …

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Problem Solving, Decision Making, And Kirton Adaption-Innovation Theory In High-Performance Organizations, Miriam Grace Michael Jan 2018

Problem Solving, Decision Making, And Kirton Adaption-Innovation Theory In High-Performance Organizations, Miriam Grace Michael

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research on high-performing nonprofit boards has indicated a positive relationship between a board's strength and an organization's effectiveness; however, how boards achieve success remains relatively unknown. The Kirton adaption-innovation (KAI) theory was used to examine board members' cognitive styles in relationship to facilitating problem solving and decision making. This nonexperimental, quantitative study included archived nonprofit board data from 2 American Society of Association Executives (ASAE) studies that had addressed the high performance of boards and factors associated with organizational success. A total of 102 randomly selected, high-performing nonprofit board members completed the KAI Inventory, which was used to measure cognitive …

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Health Literacy As A Measure To Reduce Cost, Improve Health And Access, Vivian Dee Jan 2018

Health Literacy As A Measure To Reduce Cost, Improve Health And Access, Vivian Dee

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The United States dedicates greater than 17% of its gross national product to healthcare. This percentage is expected to go up to 20% by 2018. Despite the high cost of care, the health care system remains inefficient and ineffective. Barriers include reduced access to care related to low health literacy. Complicating low health literacy is the high readability score of patient education materials. The high readability score is in part due to tools that are not standardized and measure different aspects of education materials creating varying readability scores. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to adopt a tool, …

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The Impact Of Depakote On Agitation And Short-Term Memory In Nursing Home Dementia Residents, Kristin E. Fazzolari-Pleace Jan 2018

The Impact Of Depakote On Agitation And Short-Term Memory In Nursing Home Dementia Residents, Kristin E. Fazzolari-Pleace

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have linked dementia to common psychiatric symptoms such as agitation and aggression, known as behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). To treat residents manifesting BPSD, nursing homes (NHs) use psychoactive medications. However, research is limited and inconsistent regarding the impact of Depakote treatment on agitation and short-term memory (STM) in NH residents who have dementia. The purpose of this nonexperimental quantitative study was to evaluate for 1 year the impact of Depakote treatment on agitation and STM in NH residents as measured by each resident's Minimum Data Set (MDS). Moncrieff and Cohen's drug-centered theory served as the theoretical …

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Hypertension Awareness And Health Care Access/Use In Black Women With Hypertension, Marlène Trusiak Jan 2018

Hypertension Awareness And Health Care Access/Use In Black Women With Hypertension, Marlène Trusiak

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Black women in the United States have a high prevalence of hypertension and suffer the most complications of cardiovascular disease. Black women, though aware of the dangers associated with hypertension, have limited opportunity to access health care and or change their lifestyles. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to test if there was a significant difference in hypertension awareness, health care access/use, and lifestyle modifications in Black women prior to and post implementation of The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as compared to women of other races. The behavior modification theory guided this study. Secondary data from …

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Predictive Relationships Between Electronic Health Records Attributes And Meaningful Use Objectives, Solomon Nii Koppoe Jan 2018

Predictive Relationships Between Electronic Health Records Attributes And Meaningful Use Objectives, Solomon Nii Koppoe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The use of electronic health records (EHR) has the potential to improve relationships between physicians and patients and significantly improve care delivery. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between hospital attributes and EHR implementation. The research design for this study was the cross-sectional approach. Secondary data from the Health Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) Analytics Database was utilized (n = 169) in a correlational crosssectional research design. Normalization Process Theory (NPT) and implementation theory were the theoretical underpinnings used in this study. Multiple linear regressions results showed statistically significant relationships between the 4 independent variables …

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Emergency Department Use For Nontraumatic Dental Conditions And Adult Oral Health, Cheryl Anne Lassiter-Edwards Jan 2018

Emergency Department Use For Nontraumatic Dental Conditions And Adult Oral Health, Cheryl Anne Lassiter-Edwards

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nontraumatic dental-related emergency department visits has resulted in a financial burden to hospitals across the United States. This study investigated whether there is a relationship between adult preventive dental care and emergency department visits for nontraumatic dental conditions by comparing specific states. Guided by Andersen's behavioral model of health services utilization, this retrospective quantitative study also investigated associations between state-specific community water fluoridation and dental-related emergency department visits. The population of interest was adult Medicaid enrollees who visited the emergency department for non-trauma-related dental conditions in the top 5 most populous states as identified in the 2012 NHAMCS survey. These …

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Exploring Burnout And Perceived Stress In Emergency Managers During Deployments, Angelika Phillips Jan 2018

Exploring Burnout And Perceived Stress In Emergency Managers During Deployments, Angelika Phillips

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The stressful nature of deploying to a disaster makes it necessary for a good emergency manager to be capable of coping in high-pressure situations. When intensified by extended work hours, deployments can often lead to burnout, job strain, and emotional stress, which can have a significant impact on an employee's well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of burnout and perceived stress amongst emergency managers working for FEMA and to determine if social support was an effective intervention. The theoretical foundation used for this study was the job demands-resources theory, which aided in understanding, explaining, and …

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Use Of Simulation For Tracheostomy Care, A Low Volume, High Risk Nursing Procedure, Vijaya Ramakrishnan Jan 2018

Use Of Simulation For Tracheostomy Care, A Low Volume, High Risk Nursing Procedure, Vijaya Ramakrishnan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Often, education regarding low volume and high-risk procedures, like tracheostomy, are ignored. Lack of experience, skills, and human resources can lead to decreases in confidence levels, diminished quality of care, and potentially an adverse event. The purpose of this DNP project was to prepare simulation-based education on the tracheostomy procedure and provide hands-on education to bedside nurses. The project answered the question: To what extent will a simulation-based teaching method adequately prepare staff nurses in a post-acute surgical unit to perform this high risk low volume procedure? The Johns Hopkins evidence-based model method was used to assist in translation of …

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Oral Care And The Connection To Adverse Events In Dentistry, Melissa A. Rhoney Jan 2018

Oral Care And The Connection To Adverse Events In Dentistry, Melissa A. Rhoney

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As the healthcare industry continues to change, dental providers are concerned about the different types of adverse events that can occur if systemic diseases are not well understood when treating patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the level of understanding among dental care providers of the relationship between oral care and systemic diseases and how these are linked to adverse events. The theoretical foundation that was used for this study was the Swiss cheese model. The research questions were designed to address the level of understanding among dental care providers of the link between oral care and …

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Educational Training Of Staff Nurses For Evidence-Based Practice, Tina June Theriaque Jan 2018

Educational Training Of Staff Nurses For Evidence-Based Practice, Tina June Theriaque

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Translating research into practice takes 10 to 20 years or more. Evidence-based practice (EBP) integration remains at 10% to 20%, despite recommendations requiring EBP-guided decisions. Up to 30% decreases in health care system spending, improved quality outcomes, and increased staff satisfaction result from EBP integration. Nurse leaders, who rate quality and safety as the highest priority but EBP as the lowest, are accountable for EBP enculturation; a desire to support bedside registered nurses in EBP exists, yet this EBP use knowledge gap supersedes this goal. The purpose of this project was to provide an EBP education program introducing the use …

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The Effects Of Hourly Rounding On Patient Safety And Satisfaction, Renee Allatzas Jan 2018

The Effects Of Hourly Rounding On Patient Safety And Satisfaction, Renee Allatzas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The clinical practice problems addressed by the DNP project were the low patient satisfaction scores and the high number of falls on a hospital neurological step-down unit. The purpose of this project was to improve the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems score on one patient satisfaction question and decrease the number of patient falls by implementing hourly rounding, using a script related to patient comfort and toileting needs. The scripted questions were expected to increase the satisfaction of patients and decrease unassisted falls due to increased attention to patient pain and positioning and timely help with toileting …

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Levels Of Income And Quality Of Care For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Lorna Bowen Jan 2018

Levels Of Income And Quality Of Care For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Lorna Bowen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes impacts the lives of adults in the low-income, middle-income, and high-income brackets in the United States and globally. More research was needed on how adults 45 years and older in Marion County managed their diabetes and the care they received based on their income. This case study involved investigating how adults 45 years and older in Marion County self-managed their diabetes and the quality of care they received based on their income. The health belief model supported the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected through face-to-face and telephone interviews with 15 purposefully selected participants. Data …

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Quality Of Life Among Entrepreneurs With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Brittany Kesler Jan 2018

Quality Of Life Among Entrepreneurs With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Brittany Kesler

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The impacts of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are far reaching, resulting in many burdens in the individual lives of CFS patients. One notable challenge lies in the inability to participate in the workforce due to associated physical, mental, and emotional symptoms. Previous research indicates that alternative employment options may help to overcome work related barriers presented with various types of chronic illness. Entrepreneurship is one path to working that offers many benefits, including autonomy, flexibility of work schedule, choice of work environment, and control. Questions though remain as to whether entrepreneurship enhances QOL or exacerbates symptoms among individuals with CFS. …

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The Predictability Of Facebook Memorial Page Participation On Grief, Colleen Grote Jan 2018

The Predictability Of Facebook Memorial Page Participation On Grief, Colleen Grote

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As the world's largest social networking site, Facebook, continues to grow in popularity, it is imperative for counselors and counselor educators to better understand how online environments impact all facets of life, including death. Grief behaviors on Facebook have been a focus of scholars since the launch of the social networking site in 2004. Researchers have demonstrated that Facebook memorial pages have a significant impact on the social and cultural practices related to death and memorialization for Facebook users. However, despite a rapid rise in research related to online mourning, researchers have yet been able to establish the potential risk …

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