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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Experiences Of Non-Tenured African American Female Nursing Faculty At Predominately White Institutions, Allison R. Bethune Jan 2023

Experiences Of Non-Tenured African American Female Nursing Faculty At Predominately White Institutions, Allison R. Bethune

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The proportionally fewer female African American nursing faculty at predominately White institutions (PWIs) have frequently reported adverse employment conditions in academia. The faculty within nursing schools at PWIs does not reflect society’s diversity. The problem addressed through this study is the low number of female African American nursing faculty in PWIs. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to examine the experiences of non-tenured female African American nursing faculty at PWIs. The conceptual framework that informed this study is Crenshaw’s intersectionality. The research question addressed the experiences of non-tenured female African American nursing faculty at PWIs. Six non-tenured female …


Sexual Violence And University Campus Response To Sexual Violence, Jennifer Bivins Jan 2023

Sexual Violence And University Campus Response To Sexual Violence, Jennifer Bivins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

While anyone can be a victim of sexual violence, college-aged females between the ages of 18 and 21 are more likely to be victimized than any other group. Sexual violence continues to be a barrier to education, and colleges/universities make it challenging for students to report on campus. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors, intervention/prevention strategies, and policies/procedures used to address sexual violence on a university campus. The framework used was the ecological model, which focuses on factors and influences within the environment that affected individual behavior. The research questions focused on participants describing their experiences …


Mental Health Treatment And The Criminal Justice System, Susana Lehan-Trasente Jan 2023

Mental Health Treatment And The Criminal Justice System, Susana Lehan-Trasente

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The criminal justice system has established interventions for those who have mental illness and have been charged with criminal complaints. In New York State, the Mental Health Court has been established to address these issues and is to be used by all counties. However, the treatment and probation interventions vary from county to county. Saratoga County uses a Single Point of Access (SPOA) which receives referrals from the general court and probation officers. SPOA refers clients to a variety of treatment interventions available in the county. In Monroe County, the Mental Health Court refers the criminally involved/mentally ill individual to …


Predictors Of Retention Among Individuals With Hiv Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy In Ghana, Ivy Ama Okae Jan 2023

Predictors Of Retention Among Individuals With Hiv Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy In Ghana, Ivy Ama Okae

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Managing HIV requires lifelong therapy. Retaining clients on lifelong therapeutic antiretroviral therapy (ART) ensures the suppression of viral replication and better health outcomes. The time of the start of ART management is also a factor in determining better health outcomes for persons living with HIV. This study examined the association between initiation criteria (treat all, Option B+, and CDC T-cell count < 500) and retention on ART at 12 months for 17,974 randomly selected clients in the Ghana Health Service's HIV patient electronic database. Analyses controlled for age, gender, educational status, alcohol use, treatment/adherence monitoring, and tuberculosis disease treatment. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory guided the interpretation of the findings. Results shows that retention was positively associated with all treatment initiation criteria. Clients initiated with CD4 count ≤ 500 criteria seemed to be retained at 12 months on ART at a higher rate than initiation criteria based on Option B+ and treat all. The study results may contribute to positive social change by supporting CD4 testing for clients before initiation of ART to improve retention and ensure the availability and use of adherence counseling, no tuberculosis disease and its prevention, and low use of alcohol among people living with HIV. The results of this study may also provide opportunities for public health policy intervention efforts requiring a personalized, group-based approach to service delivery at the intrapersonal level, interconnected with interpersonal, meso, and meta factors at the community level.


Strategies To Improve Hospital Patient Satisfaction To Increase Performance-Based Reimbursements, Celso G. Silla Iii Jan 2023

Strategies To Improve Hospital Patient Satisfaction To Increase Performance-Based Reimbursements, Celso G. Silla Iii

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Officials from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) created the hospital valued-based purchasing (VBP) program focused on controlling cost, inefficiencies, and quality-of-care. Hospital leaders are incentivized or penalized based on meeting quality outcomes and risk millions of dollars in reimbursement if they do not meet the quality-of-care standards specified in the CMS hospital VBP program. Grounded in the transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies hospital leaders used to improve patient satisfaction to increase VBP performance-based reimbursements. Participants included eight hospital leaders from seven hospitals in California who successfully implemented …


Nursing Staff Education Program On Using The Ask Suicide-Screening Questions Tool Kit, Camarita Titang Jan 2023

Nursing Staff Education Program On Using The Ask Suicide-Screening Questions Tool Kit, Camarita Titang

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The absence of adequate knowledge, skills, and competencies in screening for suicide risk in adolescent and young adult patients is a significant problem facing nurses in outpatient settings. An evaluation of the project site facility’s main performance metrics revealed shortcomings in locating patients who pose a serious risk of self-harm and suicide. Staff dealing with the patients may, as a result, overlook preemptive measures that could stop a suicide event. The project aimed to create a training program to introduce the ask suicide-screening questions (ASQ) tool kit, an evidence-based suicide screening tool, to ambulatory nurses. The goal of the project …


The Perceived Impact Of Childbirth Related Ptsd And Maternal Bonding, Sheila Baez Jan 2023

The Perceived Impact Of Childbirth Related Ptsd And Maternal Bonding, Sheila Baez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractChildbirth has been increasingly viewed as a potentially traumatic event and process impacting both mother and infant. Previous research on childbirth has concentrated on the development of postpartum depression and its impact; research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth has been limited. However, the results of this research study suggested that the development of childbirth-related PTSD may be a far more common phenomenon than previously suggested. Bowlby’s attachment theory and Ainsworth’s further development and expansion of the theory served as a framework which investigated the experiences of 10 biological females, aged 21 and over previously diagnosed with PTSD after …


The Relationship Between Preterm Birth Rates, Sociodemographic Factors, And Prenatal Care, Natasha Grant Jan 2023

The Relationship Between Preterm Birth Rates, Sociodemographic Factors, And Prenatal Care, Natasha Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Reducing preterm births is a local, national, and global public health priority. Preterm birth rates continue to rise with evident racial and ethnic differences. The purpose of the quantitative study was to analyze the Mississippi Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Phase 8 data to investigate the association between preterm births, timing of prenatal care, insurance types, and marital status among 5,666 women who gave birth in Mississippi between 2016 - 2020 using logistic regression. The social-ecological model was used to explain the impact of preterm births at the individual, interpersonal, and policy levels. Marital status was shown to be …


Practice Size And Geographical Location And Annual Merit-Based Incentive Payment System Scores In Dermatology, Issam H. Harmouch Jan 2023

Practice Size And Geographical Location And Annual Merit-Based Incentive Payment System Scores In Dermatology, Issam H. Harmouch

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite the transition to value-based care in the healthcare industry using the Merit-Based Incentive Payment Systems (MIPS), small and rural physician practices still score in the poor category annually. These poor performances negatively impact funding for staffing and service availability; further, little research has focused on the factors behind these poor performance scores. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between practice size and organization geographical location on annual MIPS scores among dermatologists in the South-Central United States. The Donabedian model was used as the theoretical framework for this study that focused on the three qualities of …


Associations Of Stress, Health Behaviors, And Obesity Among African American Immigrants, Wole David Akinsola Jan 2023

Associations Of Stress, Health Behaviors, And Obesity Among African American Immigrants, Wole David Akinsola

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractObesity has been identified as a predisposing factor that poses a serious threat for the development of chronic diseases and contributes to health disparities affecting both minority and vulnerable populations. Though previous studies reported the association of stress with health status and behavior, there is little or no research on the heterogeneity of obesity predictors in specific minority populations in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictors of obesity among adult African American immigrant populations in the United States. Studying obesity in this population may help policymakers tailor interventions that could reduce obesity prevalence. …


A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch Jan 2023

A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Evidence from an urban hospital initially revealed that ethnicity had no bearing on treatment modalities or mortality among patients admitted and diagnosed with COVID-19 symptoms from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021. The purpose of this study was focused on answering three principal research questions concerning evidence at one hospital of differences in medication used, whether intubation was used, and mortality by ethnicity for those treated for COVID-19 while controlling for age, gender, and co-morbidities. The health belief model served as the theoretical framework. Data was collected from 1188 patient charts, and binary logistic regression was used to test …


Educating Oncology Nurses On Identifying And Managing Cancer-Related Distress, Rosemary Vivella Irish Jan 2023

Educating Oncology Nurses On Identifying And Managing Cancer-Related Distress, Rosemary Vivella Irish

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractUp to 50% of patients diagnosed with cancer will experience significant levels of distress. Cancer is related to psychological distress and can negatively impact recovery from surgery, increase treatment side effects, and decrease overall quality of life. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommended screening for distress as part of comprehensive cancer care. In the practice setting, there was a need for better assessment of distress in cancer patients. The purpose of this staff education project was to address a gap in practice regarding the lack of knowledge of screening for distress by providing education to oncology nurses on how to …


Staff Education Plan For Treatment Of Obstetrical Hypertension In The Emergency Department, Ashley Dawn Delia Jan 2023

Staff Education Plan For Treatment Of Obstetrical Hypertension In The Emergency Department, Ashley Dawn Delia

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The United States has the highest childbearing morbidity and mortality rate of any industrialized nation, and the rate has steadily increased over the last three decades. It is estimated that at least half of all maternal deaths are preventable. Hypertensive disorders that present during pregnancy, regardless of etiology, are associated with this increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Obstetrical hypertension, when recognized in settings like the emergency department, readily responds to medical intervention. While guidelines for recognition and treatment of severe and high range blood pressure readings have been defined, hospital emergency departments do not consistently have a related education program …


A Midwestern United States Latino Study Of Sexual Behaviors Among Latino Adolescents, Astrid Alejandra Cartagena Cabrera Jan 2023

A Midwestern United States Latino Study Of Sexual Behaviors Among Latino Adolescents, Astrid Alejandra Cartagena Cabrera

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Increasing rates of adolescent unwanted pregnancies can be detrimental to families and the health of the infant. Rates of teen pregnancy among Blacks, Whites, Asians, and other races has decreased; however, the Latino population has not seen similar declining numbers. The Hispanic population currently has the highest rate of teen pregnancy that continues to increase in comparison to any other racial–ethnic group. In this study involving data from the Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System, a sample of 17,303 was used. Chi-square analyses and descriptive frequencies were used to identify associations between teen pregnancy and sexual behaviors; and how existing programs …


Association Of Income, Education, Employment And Covid-19 Mortality In Brazil, Marcelina Machado Jan 2023

Association Of Income, Education, Employment And Covid-19 Mortality In Brazil, Marcelina Machado

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The increased mortality rates from COVID-19 in Brazil have adversely affectedvulnerable populations and placed a severe burden on its public health system as compared to other nations. Focusing on socioeconomic status as a risk factor in this retrospective cohort study, I investigated the association between Brazilian COVID-19 mortality rate, income, school enrollment rate, and employment rate after controlling for the demographics and immunization rate. This is an important issue as an increase in incidence and mortality rates affects how governmental and public health leaders can effectively control and prevent disease spread. Using the fundamental causes of disease theory as the …


Risk Factors Associated With The Development Of Type Ii Diabetes-Related Complications, Jessica Danielle Lucas Williams Jan 2023

Risk Factors Associated With The Development Of Type Ii Diabetes-Related Complications, Jessica Danielle Lucas Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

By 2040, it is estimated that 642 million people ages 20 to 79 will have Type II diabetes, thereby making it a heavily studied topic among scholars. As more people are diagnosed with Type II diabetes each year, the literature is slowly shifting to long-term complications. However, the many risk and protective factors that exist have created gaps in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between participation in diabetes self-management classes, mental health, physical health, BMI, smoking status, exercise, and possible diabetes complications (diabetes-related retinopathy and diabetes-related kidney disease). The gap in the literature …


Moderators Of Peripheral Neuropathy On Overall And Cardiovascular Mortality In People Without Diabetes, Adeoye Muideen Adenekan Jan 2023

Moderators Of Peripheral Neuropathy On Overall And Cardiovascular Mortality In People Without Diabetes, Adeoye Muideen Adenekan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Peripheral neuropathy (PN), a group of common heterogeneous disorders with varied etiologies, is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. PN presents both as a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to physicians and other healthcare providers. Socioeconomic moderators of PN in adults without diabetes in the United States have not been well studied. The consequences of PN can be devastating and include foot ulcers, amputations, a general decline in the quality of life, and death. The overall prevalence of PN in the United States is 13.5% in adults with diabetes and 11.6% in adults without diabetes. Clearly, these statistics indicate a public …


Educating Nurses On Failure To Rescue Due To Treatment Delay, Ganiyu Olasheni Adewale Jan 2023

Educating Nurses On Failure To Rescue Due To Treatment Delay, Ganiyu Olasheni Adewale

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Studies have found a shortfall in nurses' skills in caring for patients with a significant risk of failure to rescue in an acute care setting. The practice gap the healthcare facility was experiencing today was a gap in relation to failure to rescue with an increased rate of sentinel cases. There was a knowledge deficit among critical care nurses. The importance of educating nursing staff is to increase their knowledge and help decrease the occurrence of failure to rescue in an acute care setting. The practice-focused question for this education project asked if educating nursing staff with a medical-surgical competency …


Marijuana Cultivation Laws And Admissions For Cannabis Use Disorder In Us Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities, Nada Al-Rubaiee Jan 2023

Marijuana Cultivation Laws And Admissions For Cannabis Use Disorder In Us Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities, Nada Al-Rubaiee

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

With approximately 4.4 million Americans addicted to cannabis, it is considered a dominant non-medical drug that is common in the US. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible contribution of the state laws that allow the cultivation of marijuana to Marijuana Medical (MM) program cardholders on cannabis addiction. This study was conducted to address the issue of the increase in demand for cannabis-related admissions that contribute to an upsurge in the unmet treatment needs. The study is founded on the Ecological Models proposed by Urie. The key research question explored the association between state laws that allow …


Preventing Nosocomial Infections In West Central Africa Through Nurse Education, Frida Ashu Jan 2023

Preventing Nosocomial Infections In West Central Africa Through Nurse Education, Frida Ashu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractNosocomial infections are acquired after being hospitalized. Lack of nurses’ education pertaining to nosocomial infections increase the risk of infections. Nurses working in the target facility in West Central Africa were not knowledgeable about current evidence-based infection control practices. The purpose of this project was to educate nurses on how to reduce the rate of nosocomial infections. The analysis, design, develop, implement, and evaluate model was used to guide the development of this project. Three experts evaluated the education program for content validity and usability. The program was presented as a PowerPoint to 40 health care workers via Zoom. The …


The Perceived Impact Of Childbirth Related Ptsd And Maternal Bonding, Sheila Baez Jan 2023

The Perceived Impact Of Childbirth Related Ptsd And Maternal Bonding, Sheila Baez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractChildbirth has been increasingly viewed as a potentially traumatic event and process impacting both mother and infant. Previous research on childbirth has concentrated on the development of postpartum depression and its impact; research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth has been limited. However, the results of this research study suggested that the development of childbirth-related PTSD may be a far more common phenomenon than previously suggested. Bowlby’s attachment theory and Ainsworth’s further development and expansion of the theory served as a framework which investigated the experiences of 10 biological females, aged 21 and over previously diagnosed with PTSD after …


Thirty-Second Mindful Body Scan Meditation For Bedside Nurses, Shruti Balwalli-Udyawer Jan 2023

Thirty-Second Mindful Body Scan Meditation For Bedside Nurses, Shruti Balwalli-Udyawer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Compassion fatigue, or secondary traumatic stress, is a state of physical and mental exhaustion caused by an inability to cope with the everyday environment that reduces the ability of the nurse to provide high-quality health care to a patient. The purpose of this staff education project, guided by Selye’s general adaption syndrome , was a 6-week, 30-second mindfulness exercise program to promote stress reduction for cardiac step-down and medical-surgical nurses. In this quantitative, pre- and posttest study, the Perceived Stress Scale was completed by a sample of 24 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. The practice focused whether educating nurses …


Increasing Knowledge Of Emergency Department Nurses On Recognizing Aggressive Patient Behavior, Kandee Barnes Jan 2023

Increasing Knowledge Of Emergency Department Nurses On Recognizing Aggressive Patient Behavior, Kandee Barnes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Emergency department (ED) nurses are exposed daily to workplace violence putting them at risk for injury from aggressive patients. A gap in practice was identified in an urban ED in a state in the Southeastern United States. ED nurses at this site do not have the knowledge to recognize and reduce aggressive patient behavior. The guiding practice-focused question addressed whether educating ED nursing staff on recognizing aggressive patient behavior would increase knowledge. To address the gap, an educational session was developed based on a comprehensive literature search, with the assistance of an expert panel and using the analyze, design, develop, …


A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch Jan 2023

A Comparison By Ethnicity Of Usage Of Medication, Intubation Use, And Mortality Rates Of Covid-19 Patients In An Urban Hospital, Howard Rubin Baruch

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Evidence from an urban hospital initially revealed that ethnicity had no bearing on treatment modalities or mortality among patients admitted and diagnosed with COVID-19 symptoms from January 1, 2020 to January 1, 2021. The purpose of this study was focused on answering three principal research questions concerning evidence at one hospital of differences in medication used, whether intubation was used, and mortality by ethnicity for those treated for COVID-19 while controlling for age, gender, and co-morbidities. The health belief model served as the theoretical framework. Data was collected from 1188 patient charts, and binary logistic regression was used to test …


Screening For Depression In Immigrants In Their Host Country, Hortense Bissila Jan 2023

Screening For Depression In Immigrants In Their Host Country, Hortense Bissila

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe initial need for care for depression is greater for immigrants, who encounter linguistic, cultural, structural, and attitudinal hurdles to mental health care that render them more susceptible to increased levels of depressive symptoms compared to populations of hosting country. The aim of this Doctor of Nursing Practice project was to educate frontliners in the community on how to assess for depression in immigrants in culturally congruent ways. This project addresses gap in mental health care practice that needs urgent redress in promoting self-cultural competence and raising awareness to assess for depression on immigrants. To meet the aims of the …


Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann Jan 2023

Personal Hardiness As An Unexamined Component Of The Healthy Volunteer Effect, Angelique E. Blann

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Clinical trials are the standard for approving medicines for public use. To conduct trials, researchers depend on a declining number of volunteers. The healthy volunteer effect, a phenomenon in which participants demonstrate better outcomes than their peers, limits the generalizability of trial outcomes. The healthy volunteer effect does not fully explain the outcome difference between volunteers and nonvolunteers. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine personal hardiness as an unexplored component of the healthy volunteer effect and determine whether personal hardiness is associated with willingness to participate. Hardiness was a personality construct that represented resilience to stress. …


Neighborhood Factors, Cardiovascular Illness, Mental Health, And Aging In The United States, Brenda Billings Jan 2023

Neighborhood Factors, Cardiovascular Illness, Mental Health, And Aging In The United States, Brenda Billings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The inability to age in place among people 65 years old and older is a public health problem in the United States. However, it is unknown what neighborhood factors (i.e., trust, safety, shared values) impact the communities that are struggling to support individuals looking to stay in their homes as they age. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood factors (i.e., trust, safety, and shared values), cardiovascular illness (i.e., heart attack and stroke), mental health (i.e., depression), and aging in place, controlling for sex, age, marital status, educational level, employment status, and race. …


Comparison Of Rural Associate Degree Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment After Curriculum Change, Karen Bowen Jan 2023

Comparison Of Rural Associate Degree Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment After Curriculum Change, Karen Bowen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

New graduate nurses often lack adequate clinical judgment skills to practice competent nursing care, which may result in increased risk of committing practice errors that threaten patient safety. To mitigate errors in patient safety, industry leaders have called for nursing program improvements in preparation of nursing students’ clinical judgement as they transition to professional practice. Guided by Tanner’s clinical judgment theory, the rural state nursing programs in this study implemented a concept-based curriculum to promote clinical judgment which includes thinking skills, priority setting, and management of care. The purpose of this three-part, quantitative, nonexperimental study was to compare the development …


Association Between Covid-19 Health Knowledge, Self-Efficacy And Preventive Behaviors Among Nursing Students, Josephine Miane Britanico Jan 2023

Association Between Covid-19 Health Knowledge, Self-Efficacy And Preventive Behaviors Among Nursing Students, Josephine Miane Britanico

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Nursing students possess valuable public health knowledge to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection. They can provide health education to the public with reliable information and adequate resources. To better understand the role nursing students can take in prevention efforts, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the association between COVID-19 health knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive behavior among undergraduate nursing students. The health belief model was the theoretical framework that guided this study. The primary research questions assessed (a) if there was a statistically significant association between COVID-19 health knowledge and preventive behavior among nursing students, …


Educator Preparedness In The Use Of Simulation In Nursing Education, Marcelene E. Hart Jan 2023

Educator Preparedness In The Use Of Simulation In Nursing Education, Marcelene E. Hart

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractNurse educators lack preparation when using simulation as a teaching modality in educating nurses and nursing students within their clinical environment. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to understand nurse educators’ perceptions of the challenges in preparing for simulation-based training experiences for nurses and nursing students. Vygotsky’s constructivist theory was used as the conceptual framework for the study to emphasize students’ innate ability to learn using active and hands-on processes through simulation experiences. Questions were developed to explore the challenges nurse educators encounter when preparing for simulation activities. Survey questionnaire invitations were sent through email to hundreds of …