Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Manténgase Fresco Cuando Tenga Calor!, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Other

No abstract provided.

Keeping Your Cool When Feeling Hot Around The Collar!, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Kentucky Haz Alerts--Other

No abstract provided.

Projected Smoking-Related Deaths Among U.S. Youth: A 2000 Update, Ellen J. Hahn, Mary Kay Rayens, Frank J. Chaloupka, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli, Jun Yang

Nursing Reports

This paper projects the long term consequences of the rise in youth smoking in the 1990s by updating the state estimates for projected smoking-related deaths among youth in the U.S. using information from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2000 and the U.S. Census 2000. This analysis is similar to that from an earlier study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office on Smoking and Health (MMWR, 45[44], November 8, 1996). The 1996 analysis used young adult smoking prevalence data from 1994 and 1995; whereas, the analysis presented here represents smoking prevalence data from 2000. …

Method For Treating Cytokine Mediated Hepatic Injury, Peter R. Oeltgen, Craig J. Mcclain, Shirish Barve, Paul D. Bishop

Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

A method of modulating cytokine mediated hepatic injury by administering deltorphins to a mammal. Deltorphin I SEQ ID NO:1, deltorphin II SEQ ID NO:2 or combinations of deltorphins I SEQ ID NO:1 and II SEQ ID NO:2 may be administered. A deltorphin concentration in the range of about 0.5 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg in a physiologically acceptable formulation blocks a cytokine cascade in a murine model of septic shock. A therapeutic method of modulating cytokine mediated acute inflammatory, trauma induced and toxin induced hepatic injury, particularly via tumor necrosis factor modulation, is thus disclosed.

Improved Continuation Rate Of Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate In Adolescent Mothers, Hatim A. Omar, Amy Fowler, Sandy D'Angelo

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Poor compliance and high discontinuation rates of Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) and other contraceptive methods are major factors in the continuing problem of adolescent pregnancy. In this study we attempted to determine if providing comprehensive health care for teen mothers and their babies would improve continuation rates of DMPA. Patients who started DMPA between 1/1/96 and 1/1/99 were included. Teen mothers and their babies received all their health care in this clinic, supported by State funding. Key elements regarding DMPA in this clinic were continuity of care, phone and mail reminders of appointments, free DMPA for patients without insurance, counseling at …

Effectiveness Of Current Therapy Of Bacterial Vaginosis, Petya M Andreeva, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The study was conducted in order to evaluate effectiveness of the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) with different therapeutic regimes according to recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). During a one-year period (February 2000-February 2001) the Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Center was visited by 482 women aged 14-51. The diagnosis of BV was established by standard methods: Amsel's clinical criteria and Gram stain of vaginal discharge. The first-line treatment was oral Metronidazole 2 g single dose. Second line was Metronidazole 500 mg twice daily orally for 7 days or oral Clindamycin 300 mg twice daily for seven days. BV …

Surveillance For Asthma - United States, 1980-1999, David M. Mannino, David M. Homa, Lara J. Akinbami, Jeanne E. Moorman, Charon Gwynn, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

Problem/Condition: Asthma, a chronic disease occurring among both children and adults, has been the focus of clinical and public health interventions during recent years. In addition, CDC has outlined a strategy to improve the timeliness and geographic specificity of asthma surveillance as part of a comprehensive public health approach to asthma surveillance.

Reporting Period Covered: This report presents national data regarding self-reported asthma prevalence, school and work days lost because of asthma, and asthma-associated activity limitations (1980--1996); asthma-associated outpatient visits, asthma-associated hospitalizations, and asthma-associated deaths (1980--1999); asthma-associated emergency department visits (1992--1999); and self-reported asthma episodes or attacks (1997--1999).

Description of …

Method For Storing And Retrieving Sequential Information, Philip W. Landfield, Olivier Thibault

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

A method and design is provided for distributing and storing sets of temporally ordered information in a systematic and sequential fashion. This method is based on a model of how the brain functions in the distribution and storage of temporally ordered memories, but it can also be applied to the design of new biological, electronic or optical devices. These devices may be used in the testing and development of new therapeutic drugs, in the detection of toxic agents or impaired performance, or in the development of new industrial and consumer devices in which the orderly storage of sequential information is …

Methods And Compositions For The Treatment Of Psoriasis, Kenneth A. Foon, Malaya Chatterjee

Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics Faculty Patents

This invention provides methods of treating psoriasis which entail eliciting an immune response in an individual against an antigen aberrantly expressed in psoriatic tissue, such as a ganglioside, in an individual. The anti-ganglioside immune response is elicited by administration of an antigen such as a ganglioside, an anti-idiotype moiety for a ganglioside, or a polynucleotide encoding an anti-idiotype moiety. Also described is a strategy for developing additional compositions for psoriasis. The compositions elicit an immunological response against a target antigen present on psoriatic tissue, which in turn can be detected using antibody affinity-purified from the serum of the treated subject. …

Method For Enhancing Protective Cellular Responses To Genotoxic Stress In Skin, Elaine L. Jacobson, Myron Jacobson

Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

The present invention is directed to methods of using pro-NAD agents capable of enhancing the dermal and epidermal skin cell NAD content. These pro-NAD agents may be administered topically, orally, or parenterally to enhance DNA repair and other protective responses to DNA damage. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising pro-NAD agents that effectively elevate intracellular NAD content. Finally, the invention relates to the method of using the pro-NAD agents to treat disorders such as sunburn and other skin deterioration that results from DNA damage in skin cells.

Genes Encoding Several Poly (Adp-Ribose) Glycohydrolase (Parg) Enzymes, The Proteins And Fragments Thereof, And Antibodies Immunoreactive Therewith, Myron Jacobson, Elaine L. Jacobson, Jean-Christoph Amé, Winston Lin

Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

The isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) enzymes and the amino acid sequences of PARGs from several species are described. PARG is involved in the cellular response to DNA damage and its proper function is associated with the body's response to neoplastic disorder inducing agents and oxidative stress. Expression vectors containing the cDNAs and cells transformed with the vectors are described. Probes and primers that hybridize with the cDNAs are described. Expression of the cDNA in E. coli results in an enzymatically active protein of about 111 kDa and an active fragment of about 59 kDa. Methods …

Cognitive And Somatic Item Response Pattern Of Orofacial Pain Patients Compared To Fibromyalgia Patients And A Non-Pain Control Group, Morten Hadsel

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Previous work has suggested that chronic pain patients report psychological distress through higher endorsement of somatic rather than cognitive signs of anxiety and depression. The present study compared female Non-Pain (11=52), Orofacial Pain (n=3 17) and Fibromyalgia (n=50) groups. on SCL-90-R Somatization, Anxiety and Depression raw scores and cognitive-somatic symptom patterning of the Anxiety and Depression scales. Comparisons were also made amongst orofacial pain diagnostic subgroups and subgroups based on Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) classification groups. The Somatization. Anxiety and Depression scores were higher in the OroFacial Pain and Fibromyalgia than Non-Pain group and higher in the Dysfunctional than Adaptive …

Spatio-Temporal Variation In Activation Intervals During Ventricular Fibrillation, Sachin Anil Moghe

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Spatio-temporal variation in activation rates during ventricular fibrillation (VF)provides insight into mechanisms of sustained re-entry during VF. This study had three objectives related to spatio-temporal dynamics in activation rates during VF.

The first objective was to quantify spatio-temporal variability in activation rates,that is, in dominant frequencies, computed from epicardial electrograms recorded during VF in swine. Results showed that temporally and spatially, dominant frequencies variedas much as 20% of the mean dominant frequency, and the mean dominant frequencies increased during first 30 sec of VF. These results suggest that activation rates are nonstationary during VF.

The second objective of the study …

Retrospective Analysis Of Youth Evaluated For Suicide Attempt Or Suicidal Ideation In An Emergency Room Setting, Julie Hagedorn, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescents and a major contributor to morbidity in this age group. The objective of this study was to look at the demographics, major stressors and factors leading to attempting suicide as well as the methods of attempted suicide in adolescents admitted to two hospitals in a medium size city. Medical records were reviewed of adolescents admitted to two area hospitals for attempted suicide between 7/1/97-12/31/99. Coroner's data on completed suicide were also reviewed. In the study period a total of 287 persons aged 21 years or under were admitted for attempted …

Assessment Of Validity Of The National Public Health Performance Standards: The Local Public Health Performance Assessment Instrument., Joyce Beaulieu, F. Douglas Scutchfield

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The National Public Health Performance Standards Program (NPHPSP) has developed performance standards measurement instruments, based on the 10 "Essential Services of Public Health" that are being tested in several states. This article is a report on the face and content validity of the instrument designed for local public health systems. Judgments about the face validity of the standards were obtained in a survey of local public health systems that had used the instrument in a test state. The validity of each standard was addressed along the following dimensions: the importance of the standard as a measure of the Essential Service; …

The Hiv Protease Inhibitor Saquinavir Impairs Lipid Metabolism And Glucose Transport In Cultured Adipocytes, S. Ranganathan, Philip A. Kern

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

Treatment of HIV infection using protease inhibitors is frequently associated with lipodystrophy and impaired lipid and glucose metabolism. We examined the effect of saquinavir, one of the protease inhibitors, on lipid metabolism and glucose transport in cultured adipocytes. Saquinavir inhibited lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in 3T3-F442A and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The inhibition of LPL was 81% at a concentration of 20 μg/ml. Another closely related drug, indinavir, had a small inhibitory effect. Saquinavir also inhibited the biosynthesis of lipids from [¹⁴C]-acetate. Saquinavir increased the lipolysis. Saquinavir had no significant effect on the cellular protein synthesis or protein content. Saquinavir …

Adolescent Substance Use And Abuse, Finn Green

Kaleidoscope

No abstract provided.