Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The History Of The Soldier's Load, Rob Marc Orr

Rob Marc Orr

From the loads carried by the armies of antiquity to today’s modern forces, this article explores and critically analyses soldier load carriage over two millennia. Historical misconceptions appearing in some military documents and literature regarding the context and weight of the soldier’s load are also discussed. The author looks at how, even with changes in logistic practices, technology and the very nature of warfare, the soldier is still a beast of burden and suggests that relying on improved load carriage logistical aides and changes to equipment may not be the answer to this age-old problem.

Future Focus 2009 Grant Writing: Help To Get You Started..Doc, Mary Jo Maccracken

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken

"Athleticated" Versus Educated: A Qualitative Investigation Of Campus Perceptions, Recruiting And African American Male Student-Athletes, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative investigation of student narratives (N= 167) about the contemporary issue of recruiting high-profile African American male student-athletes. Participants were asked to view a scene on recruiting from the film, The Program (1994). Participants were then presented with questions regarding a recruiting trip by an African American football player to a traditionally white campus. Findings indicate that both Black and White students perceived the African American male student-athletes in the film scene to be more "athleticated" than educated. They were also perceived as stereotypical sex-objects. "When athletes (especially male) show up …

A Day In The Life Of A Male College Athlete: A Public Perception And Qualitative Campus Investigation, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Perceptual confirmation paradigm (PCP) rooted in social psychology, can be implemented to frame sport science research questions (Stone, Perry, & Darley, 1997). Public perception of college athletes’ lives has been scarcely investigated in the sport sciences (Keels, 2005) using the PCP to prime stereotypes. The purpose of this study was to prime stereotypes about a day in the life of a college athlete by using qualitative inquiry to assess college students’ (N = 87) perceptions. Participants provided written responses about a day in the life of a college athlete. Two different college athlete targets were used “Tyrone Walker” (n = …

Sustainability And Changing University Culture And Curriculum: A Grand Valley State University Case Study, Stephen C. Glass, Elena Lioubimtseva, Norman Christopher, Wendy Wenner

Stephen C Glass

The past two decades have shown significant changes in the understanding of the role of sustainability in the higher education culture of many countries. While many American universities and colleges have embraced this concept as the major driver of environmental, social, economic, and technological progress, only a few programs in the United States offer today undergraduate or graduate degrees in sustainability studies or sustainable development. Interdisciplinary scholarship on the role of sustainability in the higher education has been boosted recently by research and public debate on global climate change, globalization, and free-trade. Yet, not many US universities consider sustainability as …

The Australian Sport System And Its Stakeholders: Development Of Cooperative Relationships, Kalliopi (Popi) Sotiriadou

Popi Sotiriadou

The Australian sport system arrested its unrelenting decline in the 1970s to become a model of best practice perplexes many countries. This paper aims to give an insight into the way the system was transformed and became successful. The paper reviews the decline, and then the evolution and devolution of the system, and analyses the stakeholders involved, and the inter relationships developed to achieve success. The study is based on a document analysis examining 74 annual reports from 35 national sporting organizations over a period of four years, before and after the Sydney Olympic Games. The results of the study …

Combining A Strength And Power Program For Semi-Professional Footballers (Afl), Christopher Joyce

Christopher Joyce

Faculty And Male Student Athletes In Higher Education: Racial Differences In The Environmental Predictors Of Academic Achievement, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Studies have examined the impact of environmental variables on academic achievement among student athletes in the revenue-generating sports of men’s basketball and football. However, while evidence concerning the positive impact of male student athlete and faculty interaction is virtually unequivocal, we are not certain whether the benefits accruing from particular types of interaction vary across different racial/ethnic groups. This study explores the relationship between male Black and White student athletes and faculty as well as the impact of specific forms of student athlete– faculty interaction on academic achievement. Data are drawn from the Cooperative Institutional Research Program’s 2000 Freshman Survey …

Digit Force Control In Older Adults: Benefits Of Resistance-Training?, Justin W.L. Keogh

Justin Keogh

This paper seeks to review the effect on digit force control of: 1) the ageing process; and 2) the resistance-training in older adults. Significant age-related decreases in finger-pinch force control were observed in many but not all studies. Those that didn't report age-related differences involved bi-digit finger-pinch tasks requiring the production of constant forces only. This suggests that the age-related decline in force control becomes more pronounced the more challenging the force production task. While three studies reported that resistance-training improved older adults' digit force control capabilities, it is unclear if these improvements would occur in tasks that: 1) require …

Perceptions: All-Star Experience Is A Baptism In Dust, Maureen E. Schlangen

Maureen E. Schlangen

A parent's first impression of all-star baseball, Patterson Park Little League, Dayton, Ohio.

Labels Of African American Ballers: A Historical Contemporary Investigation Of African American Male Youth's Depletions From America's Favorite Pastime 1885-2000, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

No abstract provided.

College Students' Perceptions, Myths, And Stereotypes About African American Athleticism: A Qualitative Investigation, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Examining the ‘natural’ athlete myth and utilizing the recent literature on cultural/social factors in athleticism, this study through survey research examines the myth of the ‘natural’ African American athlete. Participants consist of 301 university students from a large, traditionally White, midwest institution. The primary research question is to determine the attitudes of college students in terms of how they perceive the success of the African American athlete in certain sports. The purpose is to assess participants’ perceptions of the African American athlete and their opinion as to whether or not African American athletes are superior in certain sports (football, basketball, …

African American Student Athletes' Perceptions Of Career Transition In Sport: A Qualitative And Visual Elicitation, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

This study focuses on 26 African American athletes and explores their perceptions of athletic career transition. Participants consisted of student athletes from a United States National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division IIA institution in the Southeastern region. Participants completed the Life After Sports Scale (LASS), a 58-item inventory utilized to qualitatively and quantitatively examine seven different domains which influence perceptions of the career transition process. The scope of this inquiry examines the qualitative domain of the LASS in which participants were visually primed with a narrative description of a student athlete that has made transition out of sport successfully. Five …

Children's Form Of The Competitive State Anxiety For Children (The Csai-2c), Robert E. Stadulis, Mary J. Maccracken

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken

Scholar Or Baller In American Higher Education? A Visual Elicitation And Qualitative Assessment Of The Studentathlete's Mindset, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

Eminent scholar Harry Edwards (2000) has articulated three major realities of African American males in sports: a) The presumption of innate, race-linked black athletic superiority and intellectual deficiency; b) media propaganda portraying sports as a broadly accessible route to African American social and economic mobility; and c) a lack of comparably visible, high-prestige African American role models beyond the sports arena. Driven by labeling theory (Becker, 1963; Goffman, 1959), eight African American male student athletes were surveyed and interviewed. The last two points of Edwards' scholarship were investigated. "We have pretty good historical data and quantitative data about African American …

African American Racial Identity And Sport, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to synthesize and apply African American racial identity theory and related research to the development of sport and physical activity patterns and preferences in African American youth. Historically the African American over-representation in particular sports phenomena has been examined genetically, anthropocentrically, physiologically, sociologically, and psychologically. The profusion of explanations is a testimony to the complexity of this phenomena. This manuscript provides yet another compelling perspective. Cross [(1995) The psychology of Nigrescence: revising the Cross Model, in: J.G. PONTEROTTO et al. (Eds) Handbook of Multicultural Counseling (Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage)] outlines the metamorphic …

Who Can A Baller Trust? Analyzing Public University Response To Alleged Student-Athlete Misconduct In A Commercial And Confusing Environment, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

No abstract provided.

Themes That Thread Through Society: Racism And Athletic Manifestation In The African-American Community, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

The purpose of this article is to examine and critically analyze the impact of sport in the African-American community. This critique of the social and behavioral outcomes of sport in the African-American community will include philosophical, historical, and sociological inquiry most affecting the plight of the African-American male in academics and athletics. Data on the perceptions of contemporary African-American men participating in sport in higher education will also add more support to the conclusion that race and sport are socially constructed in society.

Social Facilitation Of Young Children's Dynamic Balance Performance.Pdf, Mary Jo Maccracken, Robert E. Stadulis

Dr. Mary J. MacCracken