Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Body Of Her Own: Cultural Constructions Of The Female Body In A.S. Byatt's Strange Stories, Sabine Coelsch-Foisner

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[First paragraph]

Byatt's short fiction, from her first collection Sugar and Other Stories (1987) to Elementals (1998) is marked by a continuous preoccupation with the body: the body as the product of social signifying practices, the body as the site of desires, fears, and anxieties, the body as the source of experience, the body as creator and created. In brief, the body is treated as the centre of existence, consciousness and identity. Yet, these are constantly called into doubt in Byatt's stories, which depict heroines trapped between asserting their identity and submitting to cultural dictates of beauty and behavior. In …

Unhealthy Politics Of Oral Health, Michele Leonardi Darby

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Editorial. Comments that a survey conducted by national advocacy group Oral Health America found that people from the U.S. are underachievers in access to dental hygiene. Measurement of success in oral health care; Proposal to implement dental hygiene practice laws; Shortage of dentists in rural and inner city communities.

The Comparative Effects Of 0.12% Chlorhexidine And An Herbal Oral Rinse On Dental Plaque-Induced Gingivitis, Elizabeth N. Southern

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse (CID{) and herbal rinse (HBR) to placebo, on gingival health status over time. Methods: 63 subjects (57% male, 43% female, mean age 25 years, sd=7.67) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups; CHX, HBR, or placebo. Subjects rinsed twice daily (AM and PM) with ½ ounce of allocated rinse, after brushing and flossing, for three months. Subjects were given the same type of soft bristle toothbrush and whitening toothpaste. Participants were advised to refrain from use of any other oral rinse for the duration …

Characterization Of Spy1600 A Putative Hyaluronidase Gene In Group A Streptococci, Karin M. Berling

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Group A Streptococci (GAS), also known as Streptococcus pyogenes, can cause a variety of human diseases ranging from asymptomatic to life threatening. Exactly how a single type of organism is able to inflict such a multitude of diseases remains to be fully understood. One possibility includes the large number of secreted virulence factors expressed by the organism. The recent sequencing of three streptococcal genomes has indicated the existence of several previously unknown genes, some of which may encode possible virulence factors. Among these is Spy1600, which based on its sequence similarities has been proposed to encode a hyaluronidase, a …

Sibling Death In Childhood: An Evaluation Of The Literature Regarding Inclusion Of Minority Cultures, 1990–2002, Joyce Kay L. Cherry

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

This evaluation seeks to determine the extent to which the professional literature concerning bereaved children in the United States includes African American, Hispanic American, and Asian American children whose siblings have died in childhood.

A literature search identifies 58 articles, published between 1990 and 2002, concerning children under age 19 living in the United States whose siblings have died. Articles are sorted by time frame and classified by type. There are 31 descriptive articles consisting of five literature reviews, five commentaries, five case studies, and 16 narratives; there are 27 research articles. Analysis determines the extent to which race, culture, …

Effectiveness Of A Practice Regimen For Decreasing Floor Rise Time In Older Adults, Deborah Waldschmidt Gibbs

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Some older adults experience extended periods of time lying on the floor waiting for help to arrive because they can not rise up independently (Campbell et al., 1990; Nevitt, Cummings, and Hudes, 1991). In many of these cases the older adults are not seriously injured, yet they lack the ability to rise up (Tinetti and Speechley, 1989; Vellas, Cayla, Bocquet, Pemille, and Albarede, 1987). Body Recall, an exercise program that teaches floor rising to older adults, advocates practicing getting up from the floor as a method for retaining this ability. The benefit of Body Recall is only anecdotal and has …

Effects Of Ultrasonic Scaling And Hand-Activated Scaling On Tactile Sensitivity In Dental Hygiene Students, Danielle Leigh Ryan

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

This study was conducted in order to determine if tactile sensitivity varies in dental hygiene students who use the ultrasonic scaler as compared to those who scale with handactivated instruments. A convenience sample of 40 consenting, first year dental hygiene students were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The 40 students had not yet used the ultrasonic scaler nor had any history of injuries or disabilities to the dominant arm, wrist or hand. After establishing a baseline tactile sensitivity score with the Vibratory Sensory Analyzer (VSA), experimental group subjects used the ultrasonic scaler to remove 4cc's of artificial calculus …

Homeland (In)Security : Roots And Displacement, From New York, To Toronto, To Salt Lake City, Marusya Bociurkiw

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[First paragraph]

On September 11, 2001, broadcast and print media around the world narrated the destruction of New York City's World Trade Center and the deaths of thousands of its occupants. This paper will examine the ways in which television and its appendages (the telephone, the internet, the newspaper) operated to organize the discursive meanings of this traumatic event. I will propose that between September 11 and February 2002's Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, ideas about home, roots and rootedness (and their Others: foreignness, homelessness, nomadicism) operated as a discursive mapping of that which could otherwise not be …

On David Koplow's Smallpox: The Fight To Eradicate A Global Scourge, Lisa Donovan, David Alan Sapp

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[First paragraph]

The world is free from the variola virus, more commonly known to us as the virus responsible for smallpox -- or at least it is almost free from it. Since the World Health Organization's (WHO) successful eradication campaign ended officially on December 9, 1979, smallpox no longer exists in its natural state, yet it does remain in securely isolated freezers in two locations: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention facility in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Russian State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology near Novosibirsk. In Smallpox: The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge, David Koplow …

How Individuals Understand Depression: Attributions, Stigma, And Treatment Recommendations, Erin A. Pladsen

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study examined participants' beliefs/attributions about depression, their help seeking recommendations for depressed individuals, and the stigma associated with depression. Participants were asked to read a vignette that described a target person who is suffering from depression, and they were asked to complete various questionnaires based upon the vignette. Overall, the results indicated that individuals did not possess negative attitudes toward mental illness, that individuals more strongly recommended professional mental health assistance, and that individuals did not tend to stigmatize depressed individuals. Results did indicate that the label of depression and the gender of the target person affected provider type …

Problem-Based Learning: Implications For The Allied Dental Sciences Program At Jordan University Of Science And Technology, Zain A. Malkawi

Dental Hygiene Master's Papers and Projects

The purpose of this paper is to review the problem-based learning literature and recommend changes to the Allied Dental Sciences curriculum at Jordan University of Science and Technology so that problem-based learning can be incorporated into the curriculum. Characteristics of problem-based learning include students' active participation in learning, and interpersonal skills development through discussion, social interaction, collaborative teams or tutorial groups. Problem-based education encourages students to develop communication and critical thinking competencies, enhance self-directedness and ownership of their own learning, and improve, students' knowledge, and independence. For example, two courses in the current Al lied Dental Sciences curriculum, Dental Radiology …

Competency-Based Education: Implications For Curricular Development Of The Allied Dental Science Program At The Jordan University Of Science And Technology, Suhair Ref' At Obeidat

Dental Hygiene Master's Papers and Projects

Preface:

The content of this document represents a review of the best practices and principles in competency-based dental and allied dental education. This information is offered in the spirit of collegiality with the intent of improving the allied dental education in general and the dental hygiene education in particular in Jordan. Recommendations presented should serve as a basis for discussion and decision-making by all involved in the Allied Dental Science Program education and administration at the Jordan University of Science and Technology, including the Dean of the Applied Medical Sciences Department and the Allied Dental Science Program Director and Faculty.

Hybridization Between The Watersnakes Nerodia Sipedon And Nerodia Fasciata, In The Carolinas: A Morphological And Molecular Approach, Konrad Mebert

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A few traditionally applied diagnostic characters of color pattern were compared with an additional set of morphological and genetic characters to evaluate differences between Nerodia sipedon and N. fasciata and to study the dynamics across their hybrid zone in the Carolinas. Many of the morphological characters exhibited significant interspecific differences, although only the number of dorsally complete crossbands (CBa) was diagnostic by itself. A discriminant function analysis of morphological characters was successful in separating both taxa. Species-specific nuclear markers, identified by the AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) technique were nearly fixed and served as diagnostic markers. They revealed extensive introgression …

Population Mobility High-Risk Environments And The Diffusion Of Hiv/Stds: A Community Based Study In Southwest China, Hongyun Fu

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Globally, population migration has been associated with the spread ofHIV/STDs in many countries. A similar trend has been observed in China from the very beginning of the HIV epidemic, but empirical research is very limited. Furthermore, the previous studies mainly focused on the micro impact of migration on individual migrant's risky behaviors. The impact of population mobility on the general population, especially on non-migrant residents, has been ignored. Using data collected from a specially designed community level survey, which was conducted in a province in the Southwest of China, this study examines the macro-level association between temporary migration and the …

Determining The Validity Of A New Cycle Ergometer Protocol For Estimating Vo(2) Max, James Allen Parrott

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The current American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) submaximal cycle ergometer protocol has been evaluated by several researchers for its validity in estimating maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max). It has been found that the ACSM protocol overestimates VO₂max by 28% on average (Swain and Wright, 1997). It is felt that the short stage duration, only 3 minutes, of the ACSM protocol is largely responsible for this overestimation. The new submaximal cycle ergometer protocol evaluated here utilizes a 6-minute stage in an attempt to reduce the overestimation of VO2max while increasing the overall test validity.

A regression performed …

Modeling The Decision Process Of A Joint Task Force Commander, John Anthony Sokolowski

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The U.S. military uses modeling and simulation as a tool to help meet its warfighting needs. A key element within military simulations is the ability to accurately represent human behavior. This is especially true in a simulation's ability to emulate realistic military decisions. However, current decision models fail to provide the variability and flexibility that human decision makers exhibit. Further, most decision models are focused on tactical decisions and ignore the decision process of senior military commanders at the operational level of warfare. In an effort to develop a better decision model that would mimic the decision process of a …

Expression Of Glutathione-S-Transferase Mu 1 (Gstm1) And Glutathione-S-Transferase Theta 1 (Gstt1) In Patients With Aplastic Anemia And Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Aaron Conrad Spivey

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Aplastic Anemia is a disorder of the hematopoietic bone marrow stem cells that is frequently associated with drug or chemical exposures. Reduced ability to detoxify drugs or chemicals may result in an increased risk of disease. Glutathione S-transferases are Phase II enzymes, which help detoxify xenobiotics. Many patients who have developed aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome have the null genotype for GSTMI and/or GSTTI. For patients with GSTMI and GSTTI positive genotypes, non-expression of these enzymes may cause an increased risk in developing aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. To test whether genotype positive patients have GSTMI or GSTTI null …

Predictors Of Oral Health Behaviors: Examining The Effect Of Patient Perceived Humanistic Attitude In The Context Of The Health Belief Model, Linda Leigh Hawkins Carroll

Health Services Research Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test the explanatory power of The Health Belief Model with the added environmental condition of perceived humanistic attitude of a dental hygienist in its ability to predict individual's performance of oral disease prevention behaviors. A cross section survey of an intact group of 1,943 full time employees of Old Dominion University was conducted. The response rate was 52% (n = 1001). An exclusionary rule eliminated respondents who did not have a dental hygienist provide preventive services during dental visits. Seven hundred and fifty four were included in the study analyses. The study participants …

Application Of The Traditional Epidemiological Model To Predict Occupational Injury Rates In Manufacturing Industries, Gary A. Morris

Health Services Research Dissertations

This study was designed to test the usefulness of the Traditional Epidemiological Model of disease causation in modeling occupational injury rates and the presence of occupational illness in the manufacturing industry. More specifically, this research involved use of the agent, host, and environment constructs of the Traditional Epidemiological Model to examine the effects of five environmental-related workplace health and safety practices on occupational injury and illness. Data from the National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES), conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 1981–1983, were used to ascertain the presence of specific workplace characteristics and to calculate …

Characterization Of Mouse Prostate Tumor-Infiltrating Leukocytes, Daniel Alan Holterman

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Prostate cancer is the most common form of non-cutaneous cancer among men in the United States and the second most common cause of cancer-related death among men with approximately 189,000 new cases diagnosed and 30,200 deaths of the disease in 2002. Prostate cancer can be a treatable disease but once it becomes metastatic there are no acceptable therapies. For this reason, immunotherapy has been attempted but the results have been disappointing. The TRAMP model was used to evaluate specific interactions between an intact murine immune system and a prostate tumor that expressed a naturally processed weak tumor antigen. Vaccination trials …

Automatic Speaker Identification Using Reusable And Retrainable Binary-Pair Partitioned Neural Networks, Ashutosh Mishra

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This thesis presents an extension of the work previously done on speaker identification using Binary Pair Partitioned (BPP) neural networks. In the previous work, a separate network was used for each pair of speakers in the speaker population. Although the basic BPP approach did perform well and had a simple underlying algorithm, it had the obvious disadvantage of requiring an extremely large number of networks for speaker identification with large speaker populations. It also requires training of networks proportional to the square of the number of speakers under consideration, leading to a very large number of networks to be trained …

The Ecological Ramifications Of Disease And Density In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus, Donald C. Behringer Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

In 1999, I discovered the first virus known to be pathogenic to any species of lobster. HLV-PA is a pathogenic herpes-like virus that infects juvenile Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, in the waters off south Florida (USA), and it alters the behavior and ecology of this species in fundamental ways. Gross signs of HLV-PA infection are lethargy, morbidity, cessation of molting, and discolored, “milky” hemolymph that does not clot. HLV-PA infects the hemocytes of host lobsters, specifically the hyalinocytes and semi-granulocytes, but not the granulocytes. When hemolymph from infected donors was injected into healthy juvenile lobsters, 90% of the …

The Short-Term Effects Of Grade 1 And 2 Joint Mobilizations On Subject Pain Range Of Motion And Muscle Activity In The Pathological Lumbar Spine, Sean Hanrahan

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of Grades 1 and 2 posteroanterior joint mobilizations (JM) at the pathological lumbar spine on subject pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle force. All subjects were determined to have sustained mechanical dysfunction of the lumbar spine of less than 48 hours as assessed through a standardized evaluation. Subjects were randomly assigned to a group; the control group received ice and stretching while the experimental group received JM in addition to ice and stretching. The JM's were performed at 3 consecutive lumbar segments surrounding the area of greatest discomfort. …

Comparison Of Methods For Dna Isolation From Food Samples For Detection Of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli By Real-Time Pcr, Loree C. Heller, Carisa R. Davis, K. Kealy Peak, David Wingfield, Andrew C. Cannons, Philip T. Amuso, Jacqueline Cattani

Bioelectrics Publications

In this study, food samples were intentionally contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, and then DNA was isolated by using four commercial kits. The isolated DNA samples were compared by using real-time PCR detection of the Shiga toxin genes. The four kits tested worked similarly.

Cutaneous Blood Flow In Type 2 Diabetic Individuals After An Acute Bout Of Maximal Exercise, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, D. Robb Holton, Tanja Nunnold, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE - We previously demonstrated a positive association between chronic aerobic exercise and dorsal foot skin blood flow during local heating in type 2 diabetic individuals. Thus, we hypothesized that a prior acute bout of maximal exercise would also have positive effects on postexercise blood now.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Subjects consisted of 32 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 26 nondiabetic control subjects further subdivided based on their physical activity status diabetic exerciser (DE), diabetic sedentary (DS), control exerciser (CE), or control sedentary. Dorsal foot cutaneous blood flow was measured noninvasively by continuous laser-Doppler assessment at baseline and …

The Contribution Of Enactments To Structural Family Therapy: A Process Study, Stephanie Fellenberg

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

In an era where the effectiveness of many forms of psychotherapy has been thoroughly examined, the focus of many researchers has shifted from investigating outcome to exploring therapeutic processes. Process studies serve to identify the active ingredients of therapy—that is, those interventions that bring about in-session changes. This process study examines the relationship between the use of enactments, a structural family therapy intervention, and in-session change as observed over the course of the session. Change was measured by the amount of change that occurred in the core problem dynamic, that is, the most prominent pattern of dysfunctional family …

Telemedicine: The Practice Of Medicine At A Distance, Philip A. Reed

STEMPS Faculty Publications

Discusses the increase in the effectiveness and uses of telemedicine due to developments and advances in computing, imaging and telecommunications. History of telemedicine; Information on various areas of telemedicine; Reasons for disappearance of physicians' handwriting problems.

Use Of Heart Rate Reserve And Rating Of Perceived Exertion To Prescribe Exercise Intensity In Diabetic Autonomic Neueropathy, Sheri R. Colberg, David P. Swain, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Objective- Individuals with diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) exhibit an increased resting heart rate but depressed maximal heart rate. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the validity of using either percent of heart rate reserve (HRR) or a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale to prescribe exercise intensity in diabetic individuals both with and without DAN.

Research Design and Methods-The subjects consisted of 23 individuals with type 2 diabetes, ages 45-75 years, with (DAN; n=13) or without (No DAN; n=10) clinical signs of DAN, as assessed by heart rate variability using the expiration-to-inspiration ratio of the …

A Qualitative Review Of The Native American Caregivers Support Program: The Successes, Barriers, And Training Needs, Holly A. Beard, M. Yvonne Jackson, Meg Graves, Floyd Godfrey, Clare Houseman

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Caregiving is accepted as a natural part of life and is recognized as an inherent responsibility within the American Indian/Alaskan Native Community. A qualitative analysis was conducted employing constant comparative method to explain the current status of the Native American Caregiver Support Program (NACSP) funded by Title VI-C grants. The NACSP (Title VI-C) of the Older Americans Act (OAA) is administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Administration on Aging (AoA). The NACSP allows each tribal organization to develop a program to deliver supportive services that are tailored to the needs of their caregiver's while providing five …

Treatment Of Adynamia In Aphasia, Anastasia M. Raymer

Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications

Transcortical motor aphasia (TCMA) is an acquired impairment of language expression that occurs following neurologic damage that affects left frontal cortex and spares perisylvian regions. In some individuals with TCMA, verbal expression is rendered nonfluent due to difficulty spontaneously initiating and elaborating upon verbal messages. Nonfluency arises from impaired activation of intended messages and inhibition of competing verbal expressions. This impairment of the intentional aspects of language expression can be termed 'adynamia.' Because adynamic forms of TCMA occur infrequently, few systematic treatment investigations have been reported for this condition. Behavioral treatments have been proposed to engage intact frontal regions to …