Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Center Experience With Common Data Elements In Chronic Illness Self-Management Research, Wendy S. Bauer, Rachel F. Schiffman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

In recent decades, the use of common data elements has expanded across the health disciplines. This has included growth within programs of research focused on self-management and family nursing. Family nursing and self-management science may be expanded with the increased use of common concepts, measures, and theoretical frameworks. This article describes the experience of exploring the use of common data elements and identifying shared concepts from the perspective of one National Institute of Nursing Research funded Exploratory Center in Self-Management. Guidance offered by the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory is discussed, and implications for family research are presented.

Effectiveness Of A Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol For Avoiding Pregnancy, Mary Schneider, Richard J. Fehring, Thomas Bouchard

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The uses of cervical mucus and basal body temperature as indicators of return to fertility postpartum have resulted in high unintended pregnancy rates. In 2013, a study found that when women used urine hormone signs in a postpartum/breastfeeding protocol this resulted in fewer pregnancies. To improve the original protocol's effectiveness, three revisions were made: (1) women were to increase the number of days tested with the Clearblue Fertility Monitor, (2) an optional second luteinizing hormone test could be done in the evening, and (3) instructions were given to manage the beginning of the fertile window for the first six cycles …

Scoping Review Of Early Toxic Stress And Epigenetic Alterations In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kathryn J. Malin, Kaboni W. Gondwe, Alissa V. Fial, Rachel Moore, Yvette P. Conley, Rosemary White-Traut, Thao Griffith

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Preterm infants are uniquely vulnerable to early toxic stress exposure while in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and also being at risk for suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the complex biological mechanisms responsible for variations in preterm infants’ neurodevelopmental outcomes because of early toxic stress exposure in the NICU remain unknown. Innovative preterm behavioral epigenetics research offers a possible mechanism and describes how early toxic stress exposure may lead to epigenetic alterations, potentially affecting short- and long-term outcomes.

Objective

The aim of this study was to review the relationships between early toxic stress exposures in the NICU and epigenetic …

Improving Nurses' Knowledge In Caring For Children With Challenging Behaviors, Caroline R. Conley, Lisa Wendt, Christine A. Schindler

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Hospital admission can be particularly difficult for children with known behavioral health challenges, such as children on the autism spectrum disorder. Nurses are in an ideal role to ease the burden associated with hospitalization. The aims of this quality improvement (QI) project include creating and implementing an evidence-based visual schedule for use with children who have challenging behaviors, and designing and implementing education for nurses specifically intended to describe evidence behind the use of visual activity schedules (VAS) for children with challenging behaviors. A Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) method was used, and the intervention was evaluated via pre- and …

Sex Differences In The Speed–Duration Relationship Of Elite Runners Across The Lifespan, Timothy J. Fulton, Christopher W. Sundberg, Blaine E. Arney, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To determine if the speed–duration relationship is altered with age and sex of elite Master’s runners.

Methods

The world’s top 10 performances for men and women in three events (800, 1500, and 5000 m) across six age groups (18–34 yr, 40–49 yr, 50–59 yr, 60–69 yr, 70–79 yr, and 80–89 yr) were analyzed from public data to establish theoretical models of the speed–duration relationship. Critical speed (CS) and the curvature constant (D′) were estimated by fitting the average speeds and performance times with a two-parameter hyperbolic model.

Results

Critical speed expressed relative to the 18- to 34-yr-olds, …

An In-Vitro Analysis Of The Accuracy Of Different Guided Surgery Systems – They Are Not All The Same, Arndt Guentsch, Jennifer Bjork, Reagan Saxe, Shengtong Han, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Different static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) systems are available that are based on different design concepts. The objective was to assess seven different systems in a controlled environment.

Materials and Methods

Each n = 20 implants were placed in identical mandible replicas (total n = 140). The systems utilized either drill-handles (group S and B), drill-body guidance (group Z and C), had the key attached to the drill (group D and V), or combined different design concepts (group N). The achieved final implant position was digitized utilizing cone-beam tomography and compared with the planned position. The angular deviation was …

Physical Function Across The Lifespan In Adults With Multiple Sclerosis: An Application Of The Short Physical Performance Battery, Brenda Jeng, Petra Šilić, Rachel E. Bollaert, Brian M. Sandroff, Robert W. Motl

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) typically has its onset in early and middle adulthood, but the population is steadily becoming more dominated by older adults. One of the primary consequences of both MS and aging involves declines of lower extremity physical function and mobility. This cross-sectional study compared physical function status based on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) summary and component scores between persons with MS and healthy controls across 6 age groups. We further examined associations between SPPB summary scores and component scores as well as associations between summary scores and measures of physical and cognitive function for identifying the …

Cortical Effects Of Wrist Tendon Vibration During An Arm Tracking Task In Chronic Stroke Survivors: An Eeg Study, Dylan B. Snyder, Scott A. Beardsley, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Brian D. Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in cortical activity and connectivity in stroke survivors when vibration is applied to the wrist flexor tendons during a visuomotor tracking task. Data were collected from 10 chronic stroke participants and 10 neurologically-intact controls while tracking a target through a figure-8 pattern in the horizontal plane. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure cortical activity (beta band desynchronization) and connectivity (beta band task-based coherence) with movement kinematics and performance error also being recorded during the task. All participants came into our lab on two separate days and performed three blocks (16 trials …

Generalized Joint Hypermobility And Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Biomechanics In Female Athletes, Christopher F. Geiser

Dissertations (1934 -)

Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH), in lay terms being “double-jointed”, affects 5 to 43 percent of the general population. In severe forms, GJH impacts systems across the body, with cardiovascular, ocular, and musculoskeletal effects that can be quite debilitating. Most of the literature examining GJH is in this severely impacted group of people. However less severe forms of GJH are present in the athlete population in the same proportions, and athletes with GJH are more likely to be injured while participating in activities. They also experience greater time-loss injuries while participating in athletic activities. The movement biomechanics of those with severe …

Anodal Contralesional Tdcs Enhances Cst Excitability Bilaterally In An Adolescent With Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy: A Brief Report, Rodrigo G. Delatorre, Ellen N. Sutter, Samuel Nemanich, Linda E. Krach, Gregg Meekins, Timothy Feyma, Bernadette T. Gillick

Occupational Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP), weakness on one side of the body typically caused by perinatal stroke, is characterized by lifelong motor impairments related to alterations in the corticospinal tract (CST). CST reorganization could be a useful biomarker to guide applications of neuromodulatory interventions, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), to improve effectiveness of rehabilitation therapies. We evaluated an adolescent with HCP and CST reorganization who demonstrated persistent heightened CST excitability in both upper limbs following anodal contralesional tDCS. Results support further investigation of targeted tDCS as an adjuvant therapy to traditional neurorehabilitation for upper limb function.

The Influence Of Peri-Cervical Dentin Conservation On The Propagation Of Cracks In Mandibular Molars, Hassanain Zaheer

Master's Theses (1922-2009) Access restricted to Marquette Campus

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of peri-cervical dentin conservation during root canal treatment on the longitudinal propagation of cracks, utilizing the finite element method. Methods: Two 3D printed mandibular molars were subjected to a simulated root canal therapy protocol. The teeth were divided into two test groups: Group 1: Instrumented with using Protaper Gold (PTG) rotary files. Group 2: Instrumented with using TruNatomy. Each access was restored with composite at the level of the CEJ to the occlusal surface. The two teeth were digitized using a high-resolution micro–computed tomographic scan to create 3-D models …

The Influence Of The Digitization Method On The Assessment Of Accuracy And Reliability Of Implant Placements, Ajitesh Singh

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: Studies investigating the accuracy of implant placement are utilizing different methods to digitize the post-operative implant position to compare it with the planned reference position. This study aimed to compare the influence on radiographic and digital methods in the accuracy of static computer-assisted and free hand implant placement.Methods: In total, n=40 implants were placed either fully guided (n=20) or free-handed (n=20) in standardized mandible replicas. A static surgical guide was planned for the fully guided surgery group (FG) for an implant at the lower right first molar site and 3D printed. In the free-hand group (FH) the implant surgery …

Mechanisms Of The Age-Related Power Reduction In The Knee Extensor Muscles Of Men And Women, David Wrucke

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The mechanisms for the loss in limb muscle power output in old (60-79 years) and very old adults (≥80 years) and whether these mechanisms differ between older men and women are not well-understood. The aims of the thesis are to 1) compare peak power output of the knee extensor muscles between young, old, and very old adults and 2) determine the physiological mechanisms for the age-related loss of power in men compared with women. 31 young (22.9±3.0 years, 16 men), 83 old (70.4±4.9 years, 44 men), and 16 very old adults (85.8±4.2 years, 7 men) performed maximal isokinetic contractions at …

The Effect Of Endodontic Access Cavity Designs On Crack Propagation Of Mandibular Molars, Colin Kodama

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: This study aimed to develop a 3-D finite elemental analysis (FEA) model and digitally incorporate a crack into this model. After model development, this study compared the load required to propagate this crack in a mandibular molar with 3 different endodontic cavity designs using FEA. Methods: 3-D printed mandibular first molars (Endo 3DP; Acadental, Lenexa, KS) were accessed with 3 different access cavities: a traditional access cavity (TRC), a ninja access cavity (NAC), and a truss access cavity (TUC). The teeth were instrumented to EndoSequence #35/.04 in the MB and ML canals and #40/.04 in the D canal. Each …

A Digital Assessment Of Centric Relation Precision, Christine Roenitz

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Recording the centric relation position is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment in prosthodontics. There are various methods that can be used to position a patient’s mandible into centric relation. Among these are: swallow technique (unguided closure), chin-point guidance, and bimanual manipulation. The precision of these methods has previously been studied by traditional methods. Data is lacking on the precision of virtual recordings of these methods taken by an intraoral scanner. The purpose of this study was to assess the digital precision of the swallow, chin-point guidance, and bimanual manipulation centric relation positioning techniques.Materials and Methods: Ten participants …

The Influence Of Peri-Cervical Dentin Conservation On The Propagation Of Cracks In Mandibular Molars, Hassanain Zaheer

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of peri-cervical dentin conservation during root canal treatment on the longitudinal propagation of cracks, utilizing the finite element method. Methods: Two 3D printed mandibular molars were subjected to a simulated root canal therapy protocol. The teeth were divided into two test groups: Group 1: Instrumented with using Protaper Gold (PTG) rotary files. Group 2: Instrumented with using TruNatomy. Each access was restored with composite at the level of the CEJ to the occlusal surface. The two teeth were digitized using a high-resolution micro–computed tomographic scan to create 3-D models …

Immediate Postoperative Dimensional Changes Following Implant Placement, Juan Felipe Valencia Rincon

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Hard tissue outcomes after implant placement have been well documented. However, there is scarce evidence on immediate soft tissue and patient-centered outcomes. The aim of this prospective study is to quantify post-implant placement edema and to correlate it with oral health-related quality of life. Methods: Patients undergoing a standardized two-stage implant placement at a single tooth-bound site were recruited (n=26; 54.13.3 years, 14 males). Soft tissue edema was recorded by using intraoral scans immediately pre- (PS) and post-operatively (IP), at 2 (2D), 7 (7D) and 14 days (14D) and 2 months (2M). After scan registration, ridge width, maximum height, …

Somatostatin Regulates Central Clock Function And Circadian Responses To Light, Deborah A.M. Joye, Kayla E. Rohr, Kimberlee Suenkens, Alissa Wuorinen, Thomas Inda, Madeline Arzbecker, Emma Mueller, Alec Huber, Harshida Pancholi, Murray G. Blackmore, Vania Carmona-Alcocer, Jennifer A. Evans

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Daily and annual changes in light are processed by central clock circuits that control the timing of behavior and physiology. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the anterior hypothalamus processes daily photic inputs and encodes changes in day length (i.e., photoperiod), but the SCN circuits that regulate circadian and photoperiodic responses to light remain unclear. Somatostatin (SST) expression in the hypothalamus is modulated by photoperiod, but the role of SST in SCN responses to light has not been examined. Our results indicate that SST signaling regulates daily rhythms in behavior and SCN function in a manner influenced by sex. First, we …

Work-Related Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, And Nurse Intention To Leave The Profession During Covid-19, Jacqueline Christianson, Norah L. Johnson, Amanda Nelson, Maharaj Singh

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this mixed-method study was to understand the relationships between work-related burnout (WRB), compassion fatigue (CF), and intention to leave the nursing profession. The Job Demands-Resources model was used to predict intention to leave as a function of WRB, CF, and caring for COVID-19 patients in a sample of 1299 US nurses. Greater WRB and CF scores were associated with intention to leave the profession. Contrary to prior research, working with COVID-19 patients was associated with greater intention to stay in nursing. Personal finances may represent the rationale for nurses to choose to stay nurses despite burnout.

Building A Community-Academic Partnership To Improve Screening For Intimate Partner Violence: Integrating Advocates In Healthcare Clinic Settings, Erin C. Schubert, Colleen M. Galambos, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Erica Arrington, Greer C. Jordan, Nilanjan Lodh, Heidi Paquette, Gisela Chelimsky, Linda B. Piacentine

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aims

To develop an innovative community-academic partnership to advance, test and promote intimate partner violence screening and referral protocols by comparing the effect of integrating intimate partner violence advocates versus enhancing medical training in medical clinic settings serving women from vulnerable populations. Detecting intimate partner violence in healthcare settings allows for survivors to connect to safety and referral resources prior to violence escalating. Screening for intimate partner violence and connecting patients to referral resources requires creating a safe and trusting relationship between healthcare providers and patients. Developing screening and referral protocols responsive to survivors' needs requires involvement of clinic staff, …

Examining Relationships Among Nursing Students' Views Of Suffering, Positive Thinking, And Professional Quality Of Life, Ruth Anne Engbers

Dissertations (1934 -)

Despite the association between nursing students’ exposure to suffering and the development of compassion fatigue, little research exists regarding promoting nursing students’ adaptation to caring for suffering patients and families. As a possible nursing shortage is projected, it is imperative to better understand the factors that impact this adaptation to ensure that nursing students can successfully transition into their nursing role. Although beliefs about the reasons for human suffering affect their ability to cope with their exposure to the suffering of others, there is no empirical data regarding nursing students’ views of suffering. Nursing students also report using positive reframing …

Case Studies In Physiology: Male To Female Transgender Swimmer In College Athletics, Jonathon Senefeld, Sandra K. Hunter, Doriane Coleman, Michael J. Joyner

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

There is current scientific and legal controversy about sports competition eligibility regulations for transgender athletes. In this case study, we quantified performances by an elite, transgender woman (male sex, female gender identity) college swimmer who competed in both the men’s and women’s National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) categories. We also contextualized her performances with respect to world-record performances and contemporary elite college swimmers. These data demonstrate that the declines in freestyle swimming performances of a transgender woman after about 2 yr of reported feminizing gender-affirming hormone treatment (0.5% for the 100 to 7.3% for the 1,650 yard distance) are smaller …

Preventing Osteoarthritis After An Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: An Osteoarthritis Action Alliance Consensus Statement, Jeffrey B. Driban, Heather K. Vincent, Thomas H. Trojian, Kristin R. Ambrose, Shelby Baez, Nicholas Beresic, David J. Berkoff, Leigh F. Callahan, Bruce Cohen, Madison Franek, Yvonne M. Golightly, Matthew Harkey, Christopher M. Kuenze, Mary Catherine Minnig, Ali Mobasheri, Adam Naylor, Connie B. Newman, Darin A. Padua, Brian Pietrosimone, Hayley Root, Daniel Pinto, Matthew Salzler, Laura C. Schmitt, Lynn Snyder-Mackler, Jeffrey B. Taylor, Louise M. Thoma, Kevin R. Vincent, Elizabeth Wellsandt, Monette Williams

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, people need secondary prevention strategies to identify osteoarthritis at its earliest stages so that interventions can be implemented to halt or slow the progression toward its long-term burden. The Osteoarthritis Action Alliance formed an interdisciplinary Secondary Prevention Task Group to develop a consensus on recommendations to provide clinicians with secondary prevention strategies that are intended to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis after a person has an ACL injury. The group achieved consensus on 15 out of 16 recommendations that address patient education, exercise and rehabilitation, psychological skills training, graded-exposure therapy, cognitive-behavioral counseling (lacked …

Comparing Experiences Of Women Who Were Direct Breastfeeding And Women Who Used Expressed Breast Milk To Feed Their Infants, Lisa A. Anders, Karen Robinson, Jennifer M. Ohlendorf, Lisa Hanson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

To provide understanding about feeding experiences of women who provide breast milk through direct breastfeeding and exclusive expression and to compare these experiences.

Study Design and Methods:

A qualitative study was conducted to gather experiences from the perspectives of women who had given birth to a healthy, term infant within the past 12 months and exclusively fed breast milk for at least 2 weeks. The sample was recruited from motherhood and breastfeeding support groups on Facebook. Groups had state- or national-based memberships. Interviews were examined for themes that were compared between feeding groups using thematic analysis.

Results:

Fifteen new …

Improving Inclusion For Children With Special Health Care Needs In Childcare Settings: Results From A Statewide Survey Of Childcare Professionals, Kim Whitmore, Norah L. Johnson, Seeun Park, Salma Salama, Rachel J. Sobiesk

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Families of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) routinely struggle to find suitable childcare. These families value childcare capable of supporting their child's needs, known as inclusive care, that requires trustworthy staff trained to safely care for CSHCN.

Method: This study aimed to understand the training, experience, confidence, and perceived barriers to providing inclusive care for CSHCN from the perspective of childcare providers and directors. Childcare providers (n = 263) and directors (n = 418) responded to a statewide survey in Wisconsin in 2019.

Results: Results show that both childcare providers and directors perceive that the …

Botulinum Neurotoxin A4 Has A 1000-Fold Reduced Potency Due To Three Single Amino Acid Alterations In The Protein Receptor Binding Domain, William H. Tepp, Marite Bradshaw, Alexander P. Gardner, Rebecca L. Kaufman, Joseph T. Barbieri, Sabine Pellett

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A4 (BoNT/A4) is ~1000-fold less potent than BoNT/A1. This study addresses the basis for low BoNT/A4 potency. Utilizing BoNT/A1-A4 and BoNT/A4-A1 Light Chain-Heavy Chain (LC-HC) chimeras, HC-A4 was responsible for low BoNT/A4 potency. Earlier studies showed BoNT/A1-receptor binding domain (Hcc) bound a β-strand peptide (556–564) and glycan-N⁵⁵⁹ within Luminal Domain 4 (LD4) of SV2C, the BoNT/A protein receptor. Relative to BoNT/A1, the Hcc of BoNT/A4 possesses two amino acid variants (D¹¹⁴¹ and N¹¹⁴²) within the β-peptide binding interface and one amino acid variant (R¹²⁹²) located near the SV2C glycan-N⁵⁵⁹. …

Engagement In Online Communities By New Mothers In Recovery From Opioid Use Disorder, Nicole M. Mattson, Jennifer M. Ohlendorf

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of engagement with online communities by women using medication-assisted treatment (MAT) to manage recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy and the first year after birth.

Study Design and Methods:

Ten participants were identified through purposive sampling for this secondary data analysis as part of a larger grounded theory study about ways women using MAT for recovery from OUD meet the needs of their mother–infant dyad. Inclusion criteria included: English-speaking, 18 years of age or older, living in the United States, within the first year after birth, using …

Primary Results Of A Phase-Iii, Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Behavioral Intervention For Increasing Physical Activity In Multiple Sclerosis Project, Robert W. Motl, Ariel Kidwell, Brian M. Sandroff, Lara A. Pilutti, Gary R. Cutter, Roberto Aldunate, Rachel E. Bollaert

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

We undertook a phase-III, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that examined the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) and delivered through the Internet using e-learning approaches for immediate and sustained increases in physical activity among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Method

The study followed a parallel group RCT design. Persons with MS (N = 318) were randomized into either behavioral intervention (n = 159) or attention/social contact control (n = 159) conditions. The conditions were administered over a 6-month period by persons who were uninvolved in screening, recruitment, random assignment, and outcome …

Robotic And Navigated Pedicle Screws Are Safer And More Accurate Than Fluoroscopic Freehand Screws: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Abhijith V. Matur, Paolo Palmisciano, Henry Ofori Duah, Sai S. Chilakapati, Joseph S. Cheng, Owoicho Adogwa

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Navigated and robotic pedicle screw placement systems have been developed to improve the accuracy of screw placement. However, the literature comparing the safety and accuracy of robotic and navigated screw placement with fluoroscopic freehand screw placement in thoracolumbar spine surgery has been limited.

PURPOSE

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials that compared the accuracy and safety profiles of robotic and navigated pedicle screws with fluoroscopic freehand pedicle screws.

STUDY DESIGN/SETTING

Systematic review and meta-analysis

PATIENT SAMPLE

Only randomized controlled trials comparing robotic-assisted or navigated pedicle screws placement with freehand pedicle screw placement in …

Patient-Mediated Interventions In Hospital: A Systematic Review, Georgia Tobiano, Shelley Roberts, Rachel Muir, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Christine Ting, Sarah Thorning, Daren K. Heyland, Andrea P. Marshall

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aims

To describe the characteristics of hospital-based, patient-mediated interventions and their impact on patient, clinician and organization outcomes.

Design

Systematic review.

Data Sources

Health literature databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE) were searched in August 2021. Backward and forward citation searching was conducted.

Review Methods

Studies investigating patient-mediated interventions, targeted at adult hospitalized patients were eligible. Data were extracted related to study and intervention characteristics. Narrative synthesis was used to understand intervention impact on patient, clinician and organization outcomes (as per a framework). Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool.

Results

Thirty-three studies, reporting 18 interventions, were included. …