Comparing Orthodontic Debonding Aerosol Production With Various High-Volume Evacuation Systems, Eric Moe

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a new emphasis on defining aerosol generating procedures and evaluating ways to reduce those aerosols. Both biocontaminants and particulate matter can potentially be transmitted with dental aerosols with negative health effects associated with each, especially aerosols with particulate matter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5). This study aims to evaluate the PM2.5 aerosol production from orthodontic debonding with a high-speed, air-driven handpiece without water coolant and assess the effectiveness of traditional four-handed high-volume evacuation (HVE) and two commercially available hands-free high-volume evacuation (HFHVE) systems. Methods: Orthodontic debonding was simulated using a dental manikin and …

Effects Of Cleaning Agents On The Properties Of Two Different Thermoplastic Retainer Materials, Jennifer Brehove

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: There are several different thermoplastic retainer materials and cleaning methods available to fabricate and clean clear retainers. Some studies have investigated the changes in properties of clear retainers after being exposed to different staining agents, varying levels of mechanical strain, and different cleaning agents. However, there are few studies that compare different thermoplastic materials to each other when being subjected to these different types of stresses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in properties of two commonly used thermoplastic retainer materials, polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) and ethylene/propylene (EP), after exposure to different retainer cleaning agents over …

Mechanism Of Mechanical Vibration In Enhancing Orthodontic Retention, Brent A. Ito

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) mechanical vibration is proven to be anabolic and can increase alveolar bone mass. The objectives of this study were to generate an orthodontic retention cell culture model and investigate the effects of LMHF mechanical vibration on human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPLF) cells after orthodontic loading (retention) in vitro. Materials and Methods: HPLF cells were seeded at a density of 4x105/well in 6-well Flexcell culture plates (Day 0). On day 3, the cells were mechanically stretched (15% surface extension) for 1 hour to mimic orthodontic loading/tension in vitro. On day 5, the cells were randomly assigned to …

Bending And Phase Transformation Properties Of A Force Gradient Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wire, Brinda Shah

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires have widespread application in orthodontics due to their unique properties and ability to move teeth with light, continuous forces, but a shortcoming is that they apply near-uniform force along anterior and posterior teeth. Since the force needed to effectively move teeth is a function of the root surface area and bony support, these archwires cause single-rooted teeth to move more than the multi-rooted molars. With the advent of laser-engineered force gradient NiTi orthodontic archwires, individual forces may be applied to different segments or individual teeth of the arch to maximize tooth movement. The aim of …

Securing Nasogastric Tubes In Children, Julie Ann Lavoie

Dissertations (1934 -)

Nasogastric tubes (NGTs) are commonly placed in children at risk for malnutrition in order to provide temporary nutrition support until the child achieves independent oral feedings or requires durable tube placement. Accurate securement of NGTs is necessary to safely provide nutrition, particularly in infants and toddlers who are at highest risk for dislodging their NGT. Dislodgement of an NGT has a cascade effect on the medical management, requiring increased exposure to the healthcare system with every replacement. Nasal bridles are widely used to secure NGTs in adults but are not widely used with children. The purpose of this retrospective, correlational …

Neuromuscular Function In Achilles Tendinopathy, Lauren K. Sara

Dissertations (1934 -)

Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a chronic, painful condition of the long tendon that attaches the triceps surae muscle group (the soleus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles), which are the primary plantar flexor muscles, to the calcaneus bone. There is incomplete understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, pain, and role of plantar flexor function (strength and fatigability) in functional impairment in AT. Deficits in plantar flexor muscle function are assumed, but evidence is sparce and inconclusive. There is no understanding of whether people with AT have deficits in neural drive to the plantar flexor muscles or altered contractile function, or the …

Pregnant Women's Experiences With Gastrointestinal Discomforts And Strategies They Use To Cope, Heidi Jo Paquette

Dissertations (1934 -)

Problem The experience of gastrointestinal (GI) discomforts of pregnancy is almost universal. Heartburn, constipation, nausea and/or vomiting are the most common, with variation in frequency and intensity by trimester. GI discomforts of pregnancy are understudied. Most research on GI discomforts of pregnancy has employed quantitative instruments, before and after specific therapeutic approaches. Little research has focused on women’s experiences of GI discomforts of pregnancy and self-management strategies. Women are experts in their experience of their own pregnancies and their voices are rich sources of data, but have been largely ignored in the study of GI discomforts of pregnancy. Methodology The …

The Other “Front Line”: Public Health Nursing Clinical Instruction During Covid-19, Lyndsay G. Degroot, Jessica L. Zemlak, Sarah E. Lafave, Lea Marineau, Deborah Wilson, Nicole Warren

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Actual And Potential Impact Of A Home Nasogastric Tube Feeding Program For Infants Whose Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge Is Affected By Delayed Oral Feedings, Joanne Lagatta, Michael Uhing, Krishna Acharya, Julie Ann Lavoie, Erin Rholl, Kathryn J. Malin, Margaret Malnory, Jonathan Leuthner, David C. Brousseau

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To compare healthcare use and parent health-related quality of life (HRQL) in 3 groups of infants whose neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge was delayed by oral feedings.

Study design

This was a prospective, single-center cohort of infants in the NICU from September 2018 to March 2020. After enrollment, weekly chart review determined eligibility for home nasogastric (NG) feeds based on predetermined criteria. Actual discharge feeding decisions were at clinical discretion. At 3 months’ postdischarge, we compared acute healthcare use and parental HRQL, measured by the PedsQL Family Impact Module, among infants who were NG eligible but discharged with …

Effectiveness Of Home Health Care In Reducing Return To Hospital: Evidence From A Multi-Hospital Study In The Us, Danielle M. Siclovan, James Bang, Olga Yakusheva, Morris Hamilton, Kathleen L. Bobay, Linda L. Costa, Ronda G. Hughes, Jane M. Miles, Sarah J. Bahr, Marianne Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Home health care, a commonly used bridge strategy for transitioning from hospital to home-based care, is expected to contribute to readmission avoidance efforts. However, in studies using disease-specific samples, evidence about the effectiveness of home health care in reducing readmissions is mixed.

Objective

To examine the effectiveness of home health care in reducing return to hospital across a diverse sample of patients discharged home following acute care hospitalization.

Research design

Secondary analysis of a multi-site dataset from a study of discharge readiness assessment and post-discharge return to hospital, comparing matched samples of patients referred and not referred for home …

Gait Mechanics Are Influenced By Quadriceps Strength, Age, And Sex After Total Knee Arthroplasty, Jesse C. Christensen, Jacob J. Capin, Lauren A. Hinrichs, Moiyad Aljehani, Jennifer E. Stevens-Lapsley, Joseph A. Zeni

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Although most patients are satisfied with outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), many retain preoperative altered gait mechanics. Identifying patient characteristics associated with gait mechanics will improve rehabilitation strategies and enhance our understanding of movement disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify which patient characteristics are related to gait mechanics in the surgical limb during walking post-TKA. Patient characteristics included age, body mass, sex, quadriceps strength, self-reported function, and knee pain. General linear regression was used to compare patient characteristics associated with gait mechanics, after controlling for gait speed, functional capacity and time from surgery. We tested …

Microfluidic-Assisted Fabrication Of Reverse Micelle/Plga Hybrid Microspheres For Sustained Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Delivery, Meisam Omidi, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

In this study, poly (d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) composite microspheres containing anhydrous reverse micelle (R.M.) dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) nanoparticles loaded vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were produced using microfluidic platforms. The VEGF-loaded R.M. nanoparticles (VRM) were achieved by initial self-assembly and subsequent lipid inversion of the DPPC vesicles. The fabricated VRMs were encapsulated into the PLGA matrix by flow-focusing geometry microfluidic platforms. The encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile, and the bioactivity of the produced composite microspheres were investigated. The release study showed that VEGF was slowly released from the PLGA composite microspheres over 28 days with a reduced initial burst (18 …

A 3-Year Retrospective Study Of Traumatic Dental Injuries To The Primary Dentition, Beste Özgür, Gizem Erbaş Ünverdi, H. Cem Güngör, Dennis J. Mctigue, Paul S. Casamassimo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background/Aims

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in the primary dentition are a significant public health problem, which has been neglected worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, limited studies address this injury. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and treatment modalities of TDIs affecting primary teeth, along with accompanying medical co-morbidities and attendance at follow-up appointments.

Material and Methods

This retrospective analysis included all TDIs affecting primary teeth from January 2014 to January 2017. Data abstraction included demographics, time lapse prior to arrival at hospital, trauma etiology, classification of TDIs, soft tissue and supporting bone injuries, medical co-morbidities, emergency …

Providing Palliative And Hospice Care To Children, Adolescents And Young Adults With Cancer, Kimberly A. Pyke-Grimm, Beth Fisher, Amy Haskamp, Cynthia J. Bell, Amy Rose Newman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

To describe palliative, concurrent, and hospice care in pediatric oncology in the United States (US), we present a clinical scenario illustrating palliative and hospice care, including eligibility for concurrent care, insurance coverage and billing, barriers to accessing quality pediatric palliative and hospice care, and implications for oncology nursing practice.

Data Sources

Peer-reviewed articles, clinical practice guidelines, professional organizations, and expert clinical opinion examining pediatric oncology, palliative care, and hospice care.

Conclusion

Understanding the goals of palliative and hospice care and the differences between them is important in providing holistic, goal-directed care.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Oncology nurses play …

Influence Of The Bar Position On Joint-Level Biomechanics During Isometric Pulling Exercises, Nayun Ahn, Hoon Kim, John Krzyszkowski, Stuart Roche, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the bar position on ankle, knee, and hip net joint moments (NJMs), relative muscular effort (RME), and vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) during isometric pulling exercises, such as the isometric midthigh pull. Eight female lacrosse athletes performed maximal effort isometric pulls at 3 different bar positions (low: above patella, mid: midthigh, and high: crease of hip) while motion capture and GRF data were recorded. Net joint moments were calculated with inverse dynamics. Relative muscle effort was defined as the ratio between the inverse dynamics NJMs and the maximum theoretical …

Bolstering Geometric Morphometrics Sample Sizes With Damaged And Pathologic Specimens: Is Near Enough Good Enough?, D. Rex Mitchell, Claire A. Kirchhoff, Siobhán B. Cooke, Claire E. Terhune

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Obtaining coordinate data for geometric morphometric studies often involves the sampling of dry skeletal specimens from museum collections. But many specimens exhibit damage and/or pathologic conditions. Such specimens can be considered inadequate for the analyses of shape and are excluded from study. However, the influences that damaged specimens may have on the assessment of normal shape variation have only been explored in two-dimensional coordinate data and no studies have addressed the inclusion of pathological specimens to date. We collected three-dimensional coordinate data from the cranium and mandible of 100 crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Tests typically employed to analyze shape variation …

Electroencephalography Resting-State Networks In People With Stroke, Dylan B. Snyder, Brian D. Schmit, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Scott A. Beardsley

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to characterize resting-state cortical networks in chronic stroke survivors using electroencephalography (EEG).

Methods

Electroencephalography data were collected from 14 chronic stroke and 11 neurologically intact participants while they were in a relaxed, resting state. EEG power was normalized to reduce bias and used as an indicator of network activity. Correlations of orthogonalized EEG activity were used as a measure of functional connectivity between cortical regions.

Results

We found reduced cortical activity and connectivity in the alpha (p < .05; p = .05) and beta (p < .05; p = .03) bands after stroke while connectivity …

One Size Does Not Fit All: Discharge Teaching And Child Challenging Behaviors, Norah L. Johnson, Stacee M. Lerret, Michele Polfuss, Karen Gralton, Cori A. Gibson, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Riddhiman Adib, Rosemary White-Traut, Kathleen Sawin, Roger L. Brown

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This study compares quality of discharge teaching and care coordination for parents of children with challenging behaviors participating in a nursing implementation project, which used an interactive iPad application, to usual discharge care. Unlike parents in the larger quasi-experimental longitudinal project, parents of children with challenging behaviors receiving the discharge teaching application (n = 14) reported lower mean scores on the quality of discharge teaching scale–delivery subscale (M = 8.2, SD = 3.1) than parents receiving usual care (n = 11) (M = 9.6, SD = 4.7) and lower scores on the Care Transition Measure (M = …

Prediction Of Throwing Distance In The Men’S And Women’S Javelin Final At The 2017 Iaaf World Championships, John Krzyszkowski, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to use regularised regression models to identify the most important biomechanical predictors of throwing distance in elite male (M) and female (F) javelin throwers at the 2017 IAAF world championships. Biomechanical data from 13 male and 12 female javelin throwers who competed at the 2017 IAAF world championships were obtained from an official scientific IAAF report. Regularised regression models were used to investigate the associations between throwing distance and release parameters, whole-body kinematic and joint-level kinematic data. The regularised regression models identified two biomechanical predictors of throwing distances in both M and F javelin …

Shear Bond Strength Characteristics On Surface Treatment Modalities Of Cad-Cam Resin Based Core Materials, Nikita Sinha

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Innovations in computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) have made the manufacture of new restorative and prosthetic materials possible. They have enabled fabrication of complete arch implant supported fixed dental prosthesis (CAISFDP) in metals and polymers a reality. There are several materials which are available to fabricate a CAISFDP and it is important to find biologically, economically and aesthetically viable options for milled, cast and printed metal and non-metal structures. Objectives: The purpose of this in-vitro test was to analyze the shear bond strength of composite to Trilor material for CAISFDP restorations. Material and Methods: A total …

Examining The Relationship Of Physical Activity, Inflammation & Adiposity On Physical Function With Gender Differences, Jeanne Hlebichuk

Dissertations (1934 -)

Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the population in the United States. The ability to maintain physical function declines with age and is a critical factor that contributes to living independently. Physical activity has been shown to slow declines in physical function and decrease chronic inflammation. Increases in adipose tissue and decreases in muscle mass are associated with aging. The increase in adipose tissue produces inflammatory markers that can negatively impact older adults’ health. Males and females’ biological changes with aging have been hypothesized to differ. The purposes of this study were to :1) examine the relationship between …

Outcomes Of Nonsurgical Root Canal Therapy Completed In Children Aged 6-13 Years, Lauren M. Loney

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Tooth survival following non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) in adult populations has been documented as high as 97%. However, to our knowledge, no studies have examined tooth survival following NSRCT in children. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes of non-surgical root canal treatment in children aged 6-13 years provided by both endodontists and other providers.Methods & Materials: Insurance claims from the Delta Dental of Wisconsin Insurance database of 4927 anterior and molar NSRCT completed in children aged 6-13 years from the years 2002-2014 were analyzed. The teeth were followed during continuous insurance eligibility from …

Root-End Surgery Or Nonsurgical Retreatment: Are There Differences In Long Term Outcome?, Enida Haxhia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The decision of which modality of secondary endodontic treatment to perform is multifactorial and clinician dependent. Literature surrounding the long-term survival of nonsurgical retreatment compared to root-end surgery remain equivocal and warrant further investigation. This 7-year retrospective study seeks to compare the outcome of nonsurgical retreatments with that of root-end surgeries performed on teeth without prior nonsurgical retreatments. METHODS: Insurance claims from 1021 teeth of 987 patients in the Delta Dental of Wisconsin database were analyzed from the years 2008–2017. Tooth survival was evaluated using Cox regression models and p-value was set at 0.05. Survival time was considered from …

Correction Of Excessive Gingival Display: Lip Repositioning With/Without Myotomy, Austin Michael Dodge

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Background: Lip repositioning (LR) is a conservative and reversible surgical method for correcting excessive gingival display (EGD). Purpose: The study aims to compare two LR techniques. The objectives include 1) comparing the amount of gingival display reduction (GDR) after LR without (Group 1) and with (Group 2) myotomy, stratified in accordance with the etiology of the EGD 2) Comparing the gingival display rebound (GDRB) 3) compare subject satisfaction and morbidity. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, 20 human subjects with EGD (measured apical to the CEJ of #9) were randomly allocated for surgery without and with myotomy. Pre-operative, diagnostic information were …

The Incidence Of Root Canal Therapy Or Extraction After Orthodontic Treatment: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study, Thomas Korte

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The impact of orthodontic treatment on anterior teeth specifically in relation to root canal therapy and extraction has not been previously described. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of root canal therapy and extraction after orthodontic treatment in the anterior permanent dentition.Methods: We analyzed insurance claims and enrollment data for individuals enrolled with Delta Dental of Wisconsin from 2008 to 2017. A total of 63,720 teeth from 5310 patients who had Delta Dental insurance at age 10 were included in the study. The Cox Regression model was used to analyze the effect of the …

The Influence Of The Operator Experience On The Accuracy Of Implant Placement: An In Vitro Study, Jeffrey Garcia

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of operator experience in the fully guided placement of implants in dentate patients. Methods: Three different providers with different level of experience in implant surgery (unexperienced, moderate experienced = 2 years of experience, and experienced = more than 5 years of experience in implant surgery) placed each n=20 implants fully guided or free hand in identical replicas, produced from a CBCT of a partially edentulous patient case. The achieved implant position was digitized by using a laboratory scanner and compared with the planned position. Trueness (planned versus actual position) …

Experiences Of Exclusively Expressing Breast Milk For Term Infants: A Qualitative Analysis, Lisa Anders

Dissertations (1934 -)

Breast milk feeding has numerous benefits for women and infants. Although positive maternal experiences with breast milk feeding impacts exclusivity, duration, and maternal mental health, most research focuses on women feeding directly at the breast. Breast milk can also be expressed and bottle-fed to the infant. This practice is encouraged in instances of maternal-infant separation or in cases of prematurity. However, there is an increasing number of women electing to feed exclusively expressed breast milk to term infants rather than feed directly at the breast. Little is known about what constitutes a positive, or salutary breastfeeding, experience in this population. …

Effectiveness Of A Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol For Avoiding Pregnancy And Descriptive Analysis Of The Physiology Of The Postpartum Transition, Mary Schneider

Dissertations (1934 -)

Traditionally, postpartum breastfeeding women used Natural Family Planning (NFP) methods that required observation of cervical mucus and basal body temperature as indicators of return to fertility. These indicators resulted in high unintended pregnancy rates (i.e., 14-32 over 12 months of use). High pregnancy rates were due to the inaccuracy and subjectivity of those fertility indicators which required extended periods of abstinence. Ineffectiveness of NFP methods is also related to changing patterns of fertility during lactation amenorrhea (LA) and the first six menstrual cycles postpartum.Studies of a NFP protocol where women used objective urine hormone biomarkers were 92-98% effective for …

Examining Social Factors In Self-Management For Older Adults Living Alone, Margaret Salinas

Dissertations (1934 -)

Older adults living alone are a rapidly growing and often vulnerable segment of the population. Patient activation is an established predictor of self-management engagement, ability, and behaviors, and may be impacted by many factors, including social factors such as loneliness, social isolation, and neighborhood conditions. However, relationships among these social factors and environmental factors and patient activation are unclear. Using the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the factor structure and bivariate correlations of loneliness, social isolation, neighborhood conditions and to test the effect of these factors on patient activation using self-efficacy …

Association Of Estrogen Receptor Alpha 1 And Tmj Dysfunction: A Pilot Study, Andrea Doetzer, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Flavio De Alcântara Camejo, Lucia De Noronha, Marcia Olandoski, Paula C. Trevilatto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifactorial condition and the most common cause of orofacial pain, affecting mostly women, which points to a female hormone predilection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between TMD and estrogen receptor alpha 1 expression in disks of patients with TMD and condyle fracture (CFx).

Study Design

Forty specimens (from 27 patients) included n = 8 CFx, n = 21 anterior disk displacement with reduction (ADDwR), and n = 11 anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). Age, area, and intensity of immunostaining were statistically compared between CFx, ADDwR, and ADDwoR …