Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ether Formation On The Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands Of Copper(Ii) Complexes, Ray J. Butcher, Larry Hick, Roger Kanitz, Karin Maxwell, Garry Mockler, Cody Szczepina

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A series of copper(II) complexes, CuL·imidazole, where L2− are tridentate Schiff base ligands formed by condensation of salicylaldehyde with a series of amino acids, have been synthesized. Visible spectral data indicate that copper(II) in these complexes are five coordinate in the solid state and in solution. Electrospray mass spectrometry has been used to show how these complexes react in alcohol/NaOH solutions with and without the presence of d-galactose. In the absence of d-galactose where the amino acid in the ligand is serine, the alcohol group on the ligand is converted to its alkyl ether after sonication of the solution for …

Novel Implications Of Lingo-1 Signaling In The Post-Mortem Schizophrenia Brain, Jessica Andrews, Kelly Newell, Xu-Feng Huang, Francesca Fernandez-Enright

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster that was presented at the 69th Annual Scientific Convention and Meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry, 8-10 May, 2014, New York city, NY.

R270c Polymorphism Leads To Loss Of Function Of The Canine P2x7 Receptor, Mari Spildrejorde, Rachael Bartlett, Leanne Stokes, Iman Jalilian, Michelle Peranec, Vanessa Sluyter, Belinda Curtis, Kristen K. Skarratt, Amanda Skora, Tahani Bakhsh, Aine Seavers, Jason D. Mcarthur, Mark Dowton, Ronald Sluyter

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The relative function of the P2X7 receptor, an ATP-gated ion channel, varies between humans due to polymorphisms in the P2RX7 gene. This study aimed to assess the functional impact of P2X7 variation in a random sample of the canine population. Blood and genomic DNA were obtained from 69 dogs selected as representatives of a cross section of different breeds. P2X7 function was determined by flow cytometric measurements of dye uptake and patch-clamp measurements of inward currents. P2X7 expression was determined by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. Sequencing was used to identify P2RX7 gene polymorphisms. P2X7 was cloned from an English springer spaniel, …

T Cells Continue To Play On The Atp Circuit, Ronald Sluyter, Debbie Watson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The generation of immune responses involves the coordinated communication between cells through direct cell-to-cell contact and the release of various soluble factors binding to their respective receptors. Of the many soluble factors and receptors known, there is growing evidence that the release of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its subsequent activation of cell-surface ligand-gated cation channels belonging to the family of P2X receptors (P2X1-7) play important roles in communication between immune cells [1]. Much of what is understood about the roles of extracellular ATP and the activation of P2X receptors during an immune response has been inferred from in vitro …

Late Pleistocene Glaciation Of The Kodar Mountains, South-Central Siberia, Constrained By Be-10 Exposure Dating, Martin Margold, John Jansen, Artem L. Gurinov, Natalya V. Reznichenko, Alexandru T. Codilean, David Fink

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Geophysical Research Abstracts of EGU General Assembly 2014, held 27 April - 2 May, 2014 in Vienna, Austria.

Constraining The Timescales Of Sediment Transport In Lowland Regions Using U-Series Isotopes And Morphometric Analysis, Ashley Martin, Anthony Dosseto, Allan Chivas, Jan-Hendrik May

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Geophysical Research Abstracts of EGU General Assembly 2014, held 27 April - 2 May, 2014 in Vienna, Austria.

Synergistic Effects Of Drought And Fire On The Carbon Carrying Capacity Of Tropical Forests And Woodlands, Mathias Boer, Ross Bradstock

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Geophysical Research Abstract of EGU General Assembly 2014, held 27 April - 2 May, 2014 in Vienna, Austria.

The Potential Of Satellite Data To Study Individual Wildfire Events, Akli Benali, Gerardo Lopez-Saldana, Ana Russo, Renata M. S Pinto, Koutsias Nikos, Owen Price, Jose M. C Pereira

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Geophysical Research Abstract of EGU General Assembly 2014, held 27 April - 2 May, 2014 in Vienna, Austria.

Electrical Conductivity And Impedance Behaviour Of Hydrogels, Holly Warren, Marc In Het Panhuis

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The impedance and electrical conductivity behavior of gellan gum hydrogels containing the conducting fillers poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and vapour grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNF) is presented. Impedance analysis showed that an equivalent circuit consisting of a Warburg element in series with a resistor could be used to model the gels' behavior. It is demonstrated that the addition of the conducting fillers PEDOT:PSS and VGCNFs can result in a measurable improvement in the conductivity of hydrogels with high water content and swelling ratios. Incorporation of combinations of these conducting fillers resulted in an improvement of the conductivity of gellan gum-containing hydrogels …

The Sediment Budget As A Management Tool: The Shoalhaven Coastal Compartment, Southeastern Nsw, Australia, Rafael Cabral Carvalho, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Sediment budgets are fundamental approaches in coastal studies for allowing estimates of volumes of sediments entering and exiting a selected area of the coast, resulting in net erosion or accretion of that compartment under consideration. This assessment is crucial for understanding current processes and predicting future effects of sedimentimpact activities, promoting the sustainability of coastal environments over the next centuries. In this paper we present a series of preliminary spatial, sedimentological and geophysical analyses undertaken in order to understand the sources, sinks, transport and pathways for the sediment budget of the Shoalhaven coast, a compartment whose sediment provision is supplied …

Early Integration Of The Individual Student In Academic Activities: A Novel Classroom Concept For Graduate Education In Molecular Biophysics And Structural Biology, Sanford H. Leuba, Sean M. Carney, Elizabeth M. Dahlburg, Rebecca J. Eells, Harshad Ghodke, Naveena Yanamala, Grant Schauer, Judith Klein-Seetharaman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: A key challenge in interdisciplinary research is choosing the best approach from a large number of techniques derived from different disciplines and their interfaces.

Results: To address this challenge in the area of Biophysics and Structural Biology, we have designed a graduate level course to teach students insightful use of experimental biophysical approaches in relationship to addressing biological questions related to biomolecular interactions and dynamics. A weekly seminar and data and literature club are used to compliment the training in class. The course contains wet-laboratory experimental demonstration and real-data analysis as well as lectures, grant proposal preparation and assessment, …

Tobacco Smoking: Options For Helping Smokers To Quit, Nicholas Zwar, Colin Mendelsohn, Robyn Richmond

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Although great progress has been made on tobacco control, smoking remains one of the most important causes of preventable disease and death in the Australian population. The general practice team has much to offer in helping smokers to quit. Objective: This article provides practical advice on structuring smoking cessation support in primary care using the 5As (Ask, Assess, Advise, Assist and Arrange follow-up) framework. Up-to-date information on pharmacotherapy and issues for special groups are also covered. Discussion: The chances of successful quitting are maximised if the patient receives behavioural support combined with drug treatment, if nicotine-dependent. Special groups needing …

Field Measurements Of Trace Gases Emitted By Prescribed Fires In Southeastern Us Pine Forests Using An Open-Path Ftir System, S K. Akagi, I R. Burling, A Mendoza, T J. Johnson, M Cameron, D W. T Griffith, C Paton-Walsh, D R. Weise, J Reardon, R J. Yokelson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We report trace-gas emission factors from three pine-understory prescribed fires in South Carolina, US measured during the fall of 2011. The fires were more intense than many prescribed burns because the fuels included mature pine stands not subjected to prescribed fire in decades that were lit following an extended drought. Emission factors were measured with a fixed open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) system that was deployed on the fire control lines. We compare these emission factors to those measured with a roving, point sampling, land-based FTIR and an airborne FTIR deployed on the same fires. We also compare to emission …

Polyunsaturated Fats, Membrane Lipids And Animal Longevity, Anthony J. Hulbert, Megan A. Kelly, Sarah K. Abbott

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Fatty acids are essential for life because they are essential components of cellular membranes. Lower animals can synthesize all four classes of fatty acids from non-lipid sources, but both omega-6 and omega-3 cannot be synthesized de novo by 'higher' animals and are therefore essential components of their diet. The relationship between normal variation in diet fatty acid composition and membrane fatty acid composition is little investigated. Studies in the rat show that, with respect to the general classes of fatty acids (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) membrane fatty acid composition is homeostatically regulated despite diet variation. This is not the case …

Photodissociation Of Tempo-Modified Peptides: New Approaches To Radical-Directed Dissociation Of Biomolecules, David L. Marshall, Christopher S. Hansen, Adam J. Trevitt, Han Bin Oh, Stephen J. Blanksby

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Radical-directed dissociation of gas phase ions is emerging as a powerful and complementary alternative to traditional tandem mass spectrometric techniques for biomolecular structural analysis. Previous studies have identified that coupling of 2-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl)methyl]benzoic acid (TEMPO-Bz) to the N-terminus of a peptide introduces a labile oxygen–carbon bond that can be selectively activated upon collisional activation to produce a radical ion. Here we demonstrate that structurally-defined peptide radical ions can also be generated upon UV laser photodissociation of the same TEMPO-Bz derivatives in a linear ion-trap mass spectrometer. When subjected to further mass spectrometric analyses, the radical ions formed by a single laser …

Systematic Review Summary - Support For Mothers, Fathers And Families After Perinatal Death, Denise Blanchard, Sharon Bourgeois

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

This is a summary of an updated Cochrane Systematic Review.

Why Some Animals Forgo Reproduction In Complex Societies, Peter M. Buston, Marian Y. L Wong

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In complex societies, some animals forgo breeding and help others raise young. Although this behavior at first seems maladaptive, evolutionary biologists have developed theory that explains when and how it can evolve. For example, if it helps kin raise more young or if dispersing to breed elsewhere is risky, an individual may cooperate with nearby breeders. After two decades of work on the social behavior of coral reef fish, Peter Buston of Boston University and Marian Wong of University of Wollongong, Australia, have shown that this behavior can unfold under a third scenario: If conflict with dominant breeders is especially …

Hypocaloric Dietary Advice Targeting Increased N-3 Pufa Intake Does Not Increase Blood Pressure Reduction Over 3 Months, Karen E. Charlton, Linda Tapsell, Marijka Batterham

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a presentation that was present at the NSA 2014 Annual Scientific Meeting, 26-28 November, Hobart, Australia.

Forward Thinking: Using Phenomenography To Explore The Meaning Of Safety In Acute Mental Health Inpatient Units, Natalie Cutler, Lorna Moxham, Moira Stephens

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster that was presented at ACMHN's 40th International Mental Health Nursing Conference - Honouring the Past, Shaping the Future, 7-9 October 2014, Melbourne, Vic Australia.

Portfolio In A Program Of Selection For A Rurally Focussed Medical School, Ian Wilson, Lyndal Parker-Newlyn

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of an oral presentation.

Preventing Α-Synuclein Aggregation: The Role Of The Small Heat-Shock Molecular Chaperone Proteins, Dezerae Cox, John A. Carver, Heath Ecroyd

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is the process of maintaining the conformational and functional integrity of the proteome. The failure of proteostasis can result in the accumulation of non-native proteins leading to their aggregation and deposition in cells and in tissues. The amyloid fibrillar aggregation of the protein α-synuclein into Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis is associated with neurodegenerative diseases classified as α-synucleinopathies, which include Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. The small heat-shock proteins (sHsps) are molecular chaperones that are one of the cell's first lines of defence against protein aggregation. They act to stabilise partially folded protein intermediates, …

Novel Implications Of Lingo-1 Signaling In The Prefrontal Cortex Of Perinatal Phencyclidine Treated Rats In A Neurodevelopmental Model Of Schizophrenia, Jessica L. Andrews, Kelly Newell, Francesca Fernandez-Enright

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster presentation.

Retrieval Of Tropospheric Column-Averaged Ch4 Mole Fraction By Solar Absorption Ftir-Spectrometry Using N2o As A Proxy, Zhiting Wang, Nicholas Deutscher, Thorsten Warneke, Justus Notholt, B Dils, David W. T Griffith, M Schmidt, M Ramonet, Christoph Gerbig

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Tropospheric column-averaged CH4 mole fractions were derived from ground-based column absorption measurements. The method uses stratospheric N2O columns to correct for the stratospheric contribution to the CH4 total column. The method was applied to four Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) sites covering locations from the Northern Arctic to the tropics. It performs well for all sites. The derived tropospheric CH4 concentrations were compared with profiles measured by aircraft at three sites. The results indicate an inter-site consistency within 6 ppb (~0.3%). With aircraft profiles up to 3 km, the seasonal behavior of the derived tropospheric CH4 concentration was also …

Preface To The Special Issue Of Precambrian Research On The Understanding Of Gneiss Complexes, In Honour Of Clark R.L. Friend, Allen Phillip Nutman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Gneiss complexes are the world’s most horrendously complexrocks to understand (see cover of this issue), yet they form a largeamount of the continents, albeit they are normally hidden fromview by sedimentary sequences. The last half century has seenenormous advances in understanding these rocks, which form notonly a large amount of the continental crust, but also hold much ofEarth’s oldest rock record – the Archaean.

Unprecedented Wind Erosion And Perturbation Of Surface Geochemistry Marks The Anthropocene In Australia, Samuel Marx, Hamish Mcgowan, Balz Kamber, Jon M. Knight, John Denholm, Atun Zawadzki

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

[1] Australia, the last continent to undergo industrial development, is an ideal environment in which to quantify the magnitude of human-induced environmental change during the Anthropocene because its entire agricultural and industrial history has occurred within this period. Analysis of an alpine peat mire showed that rapid industrial and agricultural development (both pastoral and cropping) over the past 200 years has resulted in significant environmental change in Australia. Beginning in the 1880s, rates of wind erosion and metal enrichment were up to 10 and 30 times that of background natural conditions, respectively. Increased dust deposition and an expansion in dust …

Can Nurses Successfully Diagnose And Manage Patients With Copd?, Paul Enright, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Luis Torre-Bouscoulet

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

COPD is a highly prevalent chronic disease which can cost a country hundreds of millions of dollars per year. So it seems appropriate for as much of the diagnosis and care of patients with COPD to be managed by the most cost-effective health care providers as possible whilst maintaining quality outcomes.

Intramolecular Binding Mode Of The C-Terminus Of Escherichia Coli Single-Stranded Dna Binding Protein Determined By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Dmitry Shishmarev, Yao Wang, Claire Mason, Xun-Cheng Su, Aaron Oakley, Bim Graham, Thomas Huber, Nicholas Dixon, Gottfried Otting

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding protein (SSB) is an essential protein to protect ssDNA and recruit specific ssDNA-processing proteins. Escherichia coli SSB forms a tetramer at neutral pH, comprising a structurally well-defined ssDNA binding domain (OB-domain) and a disordered C-terminal domain (C-domain) of ∼64 amino acid residues. The C-terminal eight-residue segment of SSB (C-peptide) has been shown to interact with the OB-domain, but crystal structures failed to reveal any electron density of the C-peptide. Here we show that SSB forms a monomer at pH 3.4, which is suitable for studies by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The OB-domain retains its …

Response To Sheppard, C. Atoll Rim Expansion Or Erosion In Diego Garcia Atoll, Indian Ocean? Comment On Hamylton, S.; East, H. A Geospatial Appraisal Of Ecological And Geomorphic Change On Diego Garcia Atoll, Chagos Islands (British Indian Ocean Territory). Remote Sens. 2012, 4, 3444-3461, Sarah Hamylton, Holly East

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We welcome Sheppard's comments on our recent assessment of both ecological and geomorphic change at Diego Garcia Atoll in the central Indian Ocean [1]. Whilst our assessment incorporated numerous aspects of change, including movements of the lagoon rim shorelines, changes in the terrestrial vegetation on the lagoon rim and amendments to the bathymetry of the lagoon basin through dredging activities [2], this comment solely addresses the estimates of shoreline change. Here we make some brief remarks relating to this shoreline assessment of Diego Garcia and elaborate on some of the complexities of the geomorphic processes that underpin shoreline dynamics. These …

The Structured Core Domain Of Αb-Crystallin Can Prevent Amyloid Fibrillation And Associated Toxicity, Georg K. A Hochberg, Heath Ecroyd, Cong Liu, Dezerae Cox, Duilio Cascio, Michael Sawaya, Miranda Collier, James Stroud, John A. Carver, Andrew Baldwin, Carol Robinson, David Eisenberg, Justin Benesch, Arthur Laganowsky

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Mammalian small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones that form polydisperse and dynamic complexes with target proteins, serving as a first line of defense in preventing their aggregation into either amorphous deposits or amyloid fibrils. Their apparently broad target specificity makes sHSPs attractive for investigating ways to tackle disorders of protein aggregation. The two most abundant sHSPs in human tissue are αB-crystallin (ABC) and HSP27; here we present high-resolution structures of their core domains (cABC, cHSP27), each in complex with a segment of their respective C-terminal regions. We find that both truncated proteins dimerize, and although this interface is labile …

Inner Gorges Cut By Subglacial Meltwater During Fennoscandian Ice Sheet Decay, John Jansen, Alexandru T. Codilean, Arjen P. Stroeven, Derek Fabel, C Hattestrand, Johan Kleman, J M. Harbor, J Heymann, Peter Kubik, S Xu

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The century-long debate over the origins of inner gorges that were repeatedly covered by Quaternary glaciers hinges upon whether the gorges are fluvial forms eroded by subaerial rivers, or subglacial forms cut beneath ice. Here we apply cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating to seven inner gorges along ~500 km of the former Fennoscandian ice sheet margin in combination with a new deglaciation map. We show that the timing of exposure matches the advent of ice-free conditions, strongly suggesting that gorges were cut by channelized subglacial meltwater while simultaneously being shielded from cosmic rays by overlying ice. Given the exceptional hydraulic efficiency …