Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Adjustments To Wheelchair Seat To Back Support Angle On Head, Neck, And Shoulder Postures, Afnan M. Alkhateeb

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: People spend a long time in the sitting position may have poor alignment that leads to neck and back pain. A wheelchair represents mobility for people with cerebral palsy, who are unable to walk. They spend long periods of time sitting in their wheelchair. Opining the seat to back support angle of the wheelchair enable realignment body segments and improves posture. Objective: 1) assessed the validity/reliability of Coach’s Eye (CE) smart device application, 2) examined the effect of seat to back support angle adjustments on head, neck, and shoulder posture in the sitting position, and 3) compared changes in …

Effects Of Laryngeal Restriction On Pharyngeal Peristalsis And Biomechanics: Clinical Implications, Rita Shaker, Patrick Sanvanson, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Mark Kern, Ashley Wuerl, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

To date, rehabilitative exercises aimed at strengthening the pharyngeal muscles have not been developed due to the inability to successfully overload and fatigue these muscles during their contraction, a necessary requirement for strength training. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that applying resistance against anterosuperior movement of the hyolaryngeal complex will overload the pharyngeal muscles and by repetitive swallowing will result in their fatigue manifested by a reduction in pharyngeal peristaltic amplitude. Studies were done in two groups. In group 1 studies 15 healthy subjects (age: 42 ± 14 yr, 11 females) were studied to determine …

Differences Among Life Care Planners And Physiatrists Regarding The Likelihood And Frequency Of Secondary Complications For Persons With Spinal Cord Injury, Noel A. Ysasi, Irmo Marini, Matt Sprong, Irasema Silva

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

Life care planners (LCPs) who provide expert witness testimony must provide their professional opinions within a certain degree of life care planning probability or essentially a 51% chance or greater likelihood of the good or service occurring. In cases involving spinal cord injury (SCI), such opinions become complicated when attempting to include the costs of future secondary complications (SCs) that may or may not have a consistent body of empirical support and/or several physician specialists supporting the probability of occurrence. The present study surveyed 243 life care planners (LCPs), life care planning physiatrists (physiatrist LCPs), and non-life care planning physiatrists …

Clinical Assessment Of Pragmatics (Caps): A Validation Study, Adriana Lavi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was bi-fold: to develop and analyze the validity and reliability of a comprehensive pragmatic language diagnostic tool, the Clinical Assessment of Pragmatics as well as comparatively examine and analyze pragmatic language profiles of three groups of adolescents. These included students with Language Impairment (LI), High-Functioning Autism (HFA) and typically developing students. During the validation phase of the study, thirty participants, ages 14 to 16 years old, were administered 3 pragmatic judgment and 3 pragmatic performance subtests comprised of 10 items each for a total of 60 test items. A series of validity and reliability measures …

Effect Of Progressive Gaze Stability Exercises On Holistic Aspects Of Chronic Motion Sensitivity, Shilpa B. Gaikwad

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Motion sensitivity, also referred to as motion sickness, is a common condition among general population. It is a complex syndrome and is associated with presence of nausea and vomiting headache, drowsiness, cold sweating, pallor of varying degrees, increased salivation. Postural instability and anxiety are also identified to be associated with motion sensitivity. There is a close relationship between the vestibular system and motion sensitivity and vestibular system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive gaze stability exercises on holistic aspects of chronic motion sensitivity. Methods: A single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted where …

How Should We Teach Lumbar Manipulation? A Consensus Study, Michael O'Donnell, Jo Armour Smith, Alex Abzug, Kornelia Kulig

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background Spinal manipulation is an effective intervention for low back pain, yet there is little consistency in how this skill is taught.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify what educators and clinicians believe are important characteristics of the patient and operator position prior to side-lying lumbar manipulation and the patient position and operator motion during the manipulative thrust.

Design A multi-disciplinary correspondence-based Delphi method

Methods Three rounds of questionnaires were sent to physical therapists, osteopaths and chiropractors. Consensus was established in Round 3 if at least 75 % of respondents identified a characteristic as very important/extremely important …

Enhancement Of Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles With Endogenous Growth Factor Treatment, Joseph C. Stemple, Richard D. Andreatta, Tanya S. Seward, Vrushali Angadi, Maria Dietrich, Colleen A. Mcmullen

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Clinical evidence suggests that laryngeal muscle dysfunction is associated with human aging. Studies in animal models have reported morphological changes consistent with denervation in laryngeal muscles with age. Life‐long laryngeal muscle activity relies on cytoskeletal integrity and nerve–muscle communication at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). It is thought that neurotrophins enhance neuromuscular transmission by increasing neurotransmitter release. We hypothesized that treatment with neurotrophin 4 (NTF4) would modify the morphology and functional innervation of aging rat laryngeal muscles. Fifty‐six Fischer 344xBrown Norway rats (6‐ and 30‐mo age groups) were used to evaluate to determine if NTF4, given systemically (n = 32) …

Sub-Clinical Neck Symptoms, Disability, Posture, And Muscle Function In Computer Users, And The Effect Of Education Versus Education And Deep Cervical Flexor Exercise, Donna Lynne Skelly

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Purpose: 1, to determine effect of education and exercise on neck pain, disability, cervical posture and muscle function in office workers with sub-clinical neck symptoms; 2, to determine differences in forward head posture in preferred and standardized posture, and 3, to explore the influence of time on work posture in a sub-group of office workers. Subjects: Sixty-six office workers with sub-clinical neck symptoms who utilize computers at least 4 hours per day participated. A sub-group of 27 were videotaped to assess posture over a workday. Methods: Videotaping was performed 15 minutes of the first and last hour of the workday …

The Feasibility Of Using Metacognitive Strategy Training To Improve Performance, Foster Participation, And Reduce Impairment Following Neurological Injury, Timothy J. Wolf

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Executive function is central to our ability to learn and participate in everyday life activities and rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with executive dysfunction after neurological injury are poor. The impairments and performance challenges these individuals experience are typically not identified appropriately so they often do not receive adequate rehabilitation and can have significant challenges returning to complex everyday life activities. The vast majority of rehabilitation efforts to support individuals with neurological injuries with executive dysfunction are based on a restoration model that aims to improve cognitive function with the expectation that these gains will translate to everyday life. The available …

Revealing The Quality Of Movement: A Meta-Analysis Review To Quantify The Thresholds To Pathological Variability During Standing And Walking, Niklas König Ignasiak

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Neuromotor processes are inherently noisy, which results in variability during movement and fluctu-ations in motor control. Although controversial, low levels of variability are traditionally considered healthy, while increased levels are thought to be pathological. This systematic review and meta-analysisof the literature investigates the thresholds between healthy and pathological task variability.

After examining 13,195 publications, 109 studies were included. Results from over 3000 healthy sub-jects and 2775 patients revealed an overall positive effect size of pathology on variability of 0.59 forwalking and 0.80 for sway. For the coefficient of variation of stride time (ST) and sway area (SA), upperthresholds of 2.6% …

Ua61/16 Graduation Program, Wku Physical Therapy

WKU Administration Documents

Graduation program for WKU Physical Therapy class of 2016.

The Data Do Not Seem To Support A Benefit To Bcaa Supplementation During Periods Of Caloric Restriction, Brad P. Dieter, Brad Jon Schoenfeld, Alan A. Aragon

Publications and Research

J Int Soc Sports Nutr 13:1-015-0112-9, 2016 describe the efficacy of branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation and resistance training for maintaining lean body mass during a calorie-restricted diet, and claim that this occurs with concurrent losses in fat mass. However, the reported results appear to be at odds with the data presented on changes in fat mass. This letter discusses the issues with the paper.

Trunk-Pelvis Coordination During Turning: A Cross Sectional Study Of Young Adults With And Without A History Of Low Back Pain, Jo Armour Smith, Kornelia Kulig

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

During steady-state locomotion, symptomatic individuals with low back pain demonstrate reduced ability to modulate coordination between the trunk and the pelvis in the axial plane. It is unclear if this is also true during functional locomotor perturbations such as changing direction, or if this change in coordination adaptability persists between symptomatic episodes. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk-pelvis coordination during walking turns in healthy individuals and asymptomatic individuals with a history of low back pain.

Methods

Participants performed multiple ipsilateral turns. Axial plane inter-segmental coordination and stride-to-stride coordination variability were quantified using the vector coding technique. …

Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The Diagnosis Of Poliomyelitis Revisited., John F. Ditunno, Jr, Bruce E. Becker, Gerald J. Herbison

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

Revisiting the ailments of famous historical persons in light of contemporary medical understanding has become a common academic hobby. Public discussion of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's (FDR) diagnosis of poliomyelitis after his sudden onset of paralysis in 1921 has received just such a revisitation. Recently, this 2003 historical analysis has been referenced widely on the Internet and in biographies, raising speculation that his actual diagnosis should have been Guillain-Barré Syndrome, a noncontagious disease of the peripheral nervous system rather than poliomyelitis. The authors of that 2003 analysis used a statistical analysis of his case by selectively choosing some of his reported …

The Impact Of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury On Romantic Relationships, Rylie K. Power

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Well-documented symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) include acute symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, and memory loss. However, many TBI survivors also experience changes in cognition, behavior, personality, and mood that challenge interpersonal relationships. These invisible, neurobehavioral symptoms are uniquely challenging for survivors and caregivers of mild TBIs that lack physical, daily reminders that can accompany more severe injuries. The present study focused on the effects of survivors’ mild TBIs on their romantic relationships and the potential for a deteriorating support system. A convergent parallel mixed methods approach quantitatively assessed the environment of romantic relationships after …

Mobility Of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis And The Influence Of Physical Therapy, Brenda L. Davies

Theses & Dissertations

One main purpose was to explore the compensatory gait strategies of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). To address this purpose, we quantified the mechanical work generated by the lower extremity joints during walking. The outcomes from this investi­gation suggested that individuals with MS redistribute positive mechanical work during walking to the hip in order to compensate for a reduced ability of the ankle to generate positive mechanical work. Additionally, we also explored the motor control of the ankle as a potential contributing factor to the mobility limitations of individuals with MS. The outcomes from this investigation indicated that individuals with …

Measurement Of Daily Energy Expenditure In Individuals With Chronic Heart Failure, Yanlong Li

Theses & Dissertations

Being able to accurately monitor and quantify the amount of physical activity an individual with chronic heart failure (CHF) performs can be of assistance in developing appropriate interventions. This thesis attempted to evaluate the validity of the RT3 accelerometer (RT3) and 7-day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire (7 day PAR) in measuring the daily activity levels of community dwelling individuals with CHF. Fifty-four individuals with CHF participated in a 7 day session to estimate their daily physical activity by using the RT3 accelerometer and 7-day PAR questionnaire. In addition, 15 of the 54 individuals participated in a second study in with …

Optimism Bias In Fitness, Katrielle Marx

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The people of the United States of America have been concerned with the population’s overweight and obesity rate for a while. The purpose of this study was to find out if optimism bias had an influence on fitness. Optimism bias is overestimating the likelihood of positive events and underestimate the likelihood of negative events happening in one’s life. This study created a fitness optimism scale and used a set of fitness assessments and exercise questions to correlate with the fitness optimism bias. There were 105 students who participated in this study, 82 females and 23 males with a mean age …

Ua61/16 White Coat Ceremony Program, Wku Physical Therapy

WKU Administration Documents

White coat ceremony program for WKU Physical Therapy class of 2016.

Inter-Professional Collaboration: The Impact Of Serial Versus Merged Treatment On The Behavior Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Robyn Starry

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Interdisciplinary collaboration is an innovative, resourceful approach to healthcare intended to positively affect patient outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the efficacy of the serial exposure to three treatments, Applied Behavior Analysis, Speech Language Pathology, and Occupational Therapy, in comparison with an exposure to a merge of these treatments on child outcomes. During the serial treatment phases of intervention, three licensed professionals implemented core techniques from their respective disciplines. During merged treatment phases, a graduate clinician combined and implemented techniques from all three fields: differential attention, request sequences, sensory exposure, verbal/tactile cueing for postural alignment/control and …

Stand Tall, Don’T Fall: A Systematic Review On The Effectiveness Of Tai Chi For Improving Balance In Healthy Older Adults, Miya Cho, Ots, Moira Frain, Ots, Courtney Monk, Ots, Caitlin O'Neill, Ots, Kathryn Ricciardi, Ots

Collaborative Research and Evidence shared Among Therapists and Educators (CREATE Day)

Objectives:

•Identify and describe the need for effective balance related interventions among the healthy older adult population

• Recognize occupational therapy’s role in improving balance to decrease risk of falls

• Discuss the effectiveness of Tai Chi as an intervention for improving balance within this population

PICO

• Is Tai Chi an effective intervention for improving balance in the healthy older adult population?

Presentation: 40:55

Handout at bottom of page.

Reframe The Pain: A Systematic Review Of Occupational Therapy Interventions To Promote Quality Of Life For Adults With Fibromyalgia, Alyssa Armstrong, Ots, Jonathan Forkin, Ots, Emma Jablonski, Ots, Shelby Moyer, Ots, Suzanne Sager, Ots

Collaborative Research and Evidence shared Among Therapists and Educators (CREATE Day)

Objectives:

1. Define clinical presentation and three common characteristics of fibromyalgia (FMS) as it impacts quality of life (QOL).

2. Recognize the importance of an occupational therapy (OT) approach as an alternative to current practice methods.

3. Identify at least three effective EBP interventions within the scope of OT to address quality of life for individuals with FMS.

PICO:

What is the evidence to support the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of OT on improving quality of life for adults diagnosed with fibromyalgia?

Presentation: 43:56

Handout with references at bottom of page.

Keeping Up With The Preemies: Early Interventions In Occupational Therapy For Children Born Premature, Jennifer Donnelly, Ots, Angela Mancini, Ots, Heidi Miller, Ots, Taylor Vile, Ots

Collaborative Research and Evidence shared Among Therapists and Educators (CREATE Day)

Objectives:

1. Identify areas of occupational performance that may be impacted by premature birth.

2. Understand current themes of interventions for promoting development after premature birth.

3. Apply evidence-based practice to interventions for children born prematurely.

PICO:

What is the evidence to support the use of early interventions in the scope of OT to promote development in children born prematurely?

Presentation: 53:18

Ergonomic Intervention For Injury Prevention In Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review, Marisa Andrews, Ots, Kory Collier, Ots, Erin Dougherty, Ots, Alyssa Vidovich, Ots

Collaborative Research and Evidence shared Among Therapists and Educators (CREATE Day)

Objectives:

1. Recognize the magnitude of work-related injury in healthcare and the need for intervention in this area

2. Discuss 2 ergonomic interventions within the scope of OT practice that can improve work-related injury

3. Recall 2 common themes that have emerged based on current literature for ergonomic intervention

Clinical Research Question:

Does ergonomic intervention prevent work-related injuries and associated outcomes for healthcare personnel engaged in patienthandling?

Presentation: 39:05

The Effects Of Locomotion-Induced Shock Loading On Tibiofemoral Bone Stress Response, Alexa Standerfer, Suzenna Ngo, Karen Daun

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose/Hypothesis: Knee osteoarthritis (Coats, Zioupos, & Aspden) is a degenerative joint disease that negatively impacts the quality of life. About 9.3 million people in the U.S. population are affected. It has been suggested via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that bone marrow edema (i.e., indicative of bone stress response) and joint structure changes may be the main contributing factors of pain in OA. Frontal plane lower extremity (LE) alignment has been a topic of much interest regarding development of OA in the knee joint. It is hypothesized that varus alignment increases forces through the medial compartment of the knee, thereby …

Alcohol Consumption As A Risk Factor For Sarcopenia - A Meta-Analysis, M. Steffl, R. W. Bohannon, M. Petr, E. Kohlikova, I. Holmerova

Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.

Do Running Kinematics Change On The Alter-G Treadmill? [2016], Brittany Lavaute

Master's Theses

The Alter-G lower body positive pressure treadmill, also known as the antigravity treadmill, provides a unique means of exercising for rehabilitation patients and low-impact training in athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction effect of four different treadmill weighted conditions and three different running velocities (2.68 m.s-1, 3.13 m.s-1, and 3.58 m.s-1) on the kinematic variables of step length, step rate, contact time, and flight time on the Alter-G treadmill (AG) and on the regular treadmill (TM). Fifteen participants completed two separate days of testing. All individuals ran at four different conditions (100%, 80%, 60%, and …

Facilitating Effective Communication Between First Responders And Older Adults During Fall Incidents: An Educational Intervention, Krystin M. Beeman, Erica L. Berger, Isabel A. Cabezas, Nicole M. Mathews

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

PURPOSE. The purpose of this project was to provide first responders with communication strategies for older adults that may help when responding to fall- related calls. General information was also provided to First Responders on working with older adults with a focus on the aging process, fall risk factors, and communications strategies.

METHODS. A series of educational sessions to first responders at a local fire district were developed and presented by occupational therapy students. Materials were developed by presenters from evidence-based resources and tailored to the target population. Each presentation focused on statistics about older adults, the aging process, fall …

The Lifestyle-Integrated Functional Exercise Program For Older Adults, Anna Lee, Courtney Beyer, Jessica Lim, Sienna Anderson

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, falls are the most common cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries among older adults over the age of 65 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2009). Falls can lead to a myriad of traumatic physical and emotional consequences. Integrated exercise programs such as the Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) program are effective in preventing falls and increasing fall efficacy in individuals who have previously fallen (Clemson et al., 2012). The purpose of our study was to examine if the LiFE program is as effective in reducing fall risk and increasing fall …

Increasing Occupational Participation Of Older Adults With Low Vision Through An Occupation-Based Exercise Video, Valerie J. Deroos, Skyler Moon

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

With the increasingly large population of older adults with low vision, many older adults would benefit from having a guide dog as an assistive device. When walking with a guide dog, different upper extremity muscles and postures are adopted to handle the guide dog. However, older adults with low vision may not be in the proper physical condition to meet the strenuous demands of handling a guide dog due to the normal aging process and decreased mobility. To prevent pain and injury, stretching and strengthening muscles used when handling a guide dog may benefit older adults before entering the Guide …