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2004 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

The Apothecary staff of 2004 would like to offer our congratulations to the seniors graduating in December 2003 and May 2004. We wish each and every one of you much success as you enter the world as health care professionals. It is our hope that the 2004 Apothecary will serve as a reminder of your final year as students of Southwestern Oklahoma State University's College of Pharmacy.

Otc Brand Name Extensions, Joseph A. Woelfel

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Anabolic Agents: Adjuncts To Nutrition Support, Jane M. Gervasio

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Anabolic agents as adjuncts to nutrition support therapy have been used to improve malnutrition and establish anabolism. Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, and anabolic steroids have been studied for their potential to reverse the catabolic process and promote anabolism. This paper reviews several anabolic agents and their possible role in nutrition support therapy.

Curad Silver Bandages, Joseph A. Woelfel

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Modeling Of Transient State Transdermal Drug Delivery, Alison Nickol Weltner

Theses

In this work, a two-pathway mathematical model for transdermal drug delivery with iontophoresis is presented. The partial differential equations are described and then solved. An alternative, two-pathway, three-layer model is also presented, and the implications of the coefficients within the equation are discussed. Using Franz cell iontophoretic delivery data from three drug substances (amitriptyline HCl, clomipramine HCl, and nortriptyline HCl), the two-pathway model is regressed to determine the diffusion coefficient and the concentration within the skin at the drug reservoir interface. ANOVA analysis indicates a correlation between iontophoretic current and concentration of drug within the stratum corneum.

Ritalin Use In Elementary School Children, Amber Ayres

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Pembuatan Niosom Berbasis Maltodekstrin De 5-10 Dari Pati Singkong (Manihot Utilissima), Mahdi Jufri, Effionora Anwar, Joshita Djajadisastra

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Niosomes are non ionic surfactant vesicles that have potential application in the delivery of hydrophobic or amphilic drugs. We developed proniosomes, a dry formulation using a maltodextrin as a carrier coated with non ionic surfactant, which can be used to produce niosomes within a minutes by addition of hot water followed by agitation. A novel method is reported here for rapid preparation of proniosomes with wide range of surfactant loading. Maltodextrin DE 5-10 was hidrolyzed from tapioca starch using Thermamyl L 120 da Novo at 85ºC. The result from SEM analyses shown that proniosomes appear very similar to the maltodextrin, …

Penyuluhan Penggunaan Oralit Untuk Menanggulangi Diare Di Masyarakat, Harianto Harianto

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Diarrhea is one of the common deseases and a attack any level of ages. Diarrhea can be tuated effectively by using oralit to replace the lost of body water. To increase the use of oralit against diarrhea, this trestment should be socialized to public with undergo a general lecture to enhanced the public knowledges cncerning diarrhea and causing factors, to make a group discussion of senior citizen and public figures to build positive attitude in using oralit, and to demonstrate the processing of oralit/LGG and how to use it to people.

Pemberian Vaksin Melalui Tanaman Transgenik, Maksum Radji

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Vaccines have played an important role in preventive medicine since Edward Jenner discovered that cowpox induced protection against human smallpox. Until recently, a vaccination has meant a needle in the arm. However, with the increasing need for inexpensive, easily administered vaccines, along with the improvements in genetic engineering, the concept of edible vaccines is fast becoming reality. This is especially important in developing countries, where it is estimated that three to five million children die each year from common diseases, which could have easily been prevented with the proper vaccination. Compared to traditional lab-synthesized vaccines, plants are capable of producing …

Pengaruh Kandungan Pati Singkong Terpregelatinasi Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Tablet Lepas Terkontrol Teofilin, Juheini Juheini, Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah, Animar J.A, Jenny Jenny

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

In order to make use of pregelatinized Manihot starch in controlled release tablet, the research was done by heating the starch suspension up to its gelatinized temperatur, then dried. The particle size of pregelatinized Manihot starch used were (100-150 mesh) : (150-250 mesh) : smaller than 200 mesh = 3,5 : 1 : 1. The effect of pregelatinized Manihot starch on physical characteristic of Theophyllin controlled relase tablet was known by using 4 formulas containing variety of pregelatinized starch as follows: 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%. Evaluation on the tablet results including tablet mass and size uniformity, hardness and friability. …

Pemanfaatan Maltodekstrin Pati Terigu Sebagai Eksipien Dalam Formula Sediaan Tablet Dan Niosom, Effionora Anwar, Joshita Djajadisastra, Arry Yanuar, Anton Bahtiar

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

The Use of Maltodextrin from Wheat Starch as an Exipient in Formula Tablet and Niosom dosage form. Wheat starch normally can be used as a tablet filler only, because the flow rate and binding capacity are not good enough. The wheat starch should be treated as follows : protein and amine free Bogasari wheat flour starch were hydrolyzed by α-amylase enzyme (Liquezym EX®) at variable temperature and time incubation to produce maltodextrin with different Dextrose Equivalent (DE) value. The maltodextrin could be used as tablet binder on wet granulation, tablet filler and binder on direct compress, a proniosom carrier to …

Optimasi Biotransformasi Total Sterol Limbah Tahu Menggunakan Mycobacterium Phlei Dsm 43286 Menjadi 1,4-Androstadien-3,17-Dion, Dengan Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Inhibitor A, A’- Dipiridil, Maryati Kurniadi, Usman Sumo Friend Tambunan, Harmita Harmita

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Isolation of total sterol from waste product of soy bean cake has been conducted, followed by biotransformation to 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (ADD). The waste product consist of; β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, kaemfesterol, which are isolated by column chromatography technique using silica gel as stationary phase and chloroform as mobile phase. Biotransformation was conducted by using Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 in the present of α, α’- dipiridil as an inhibitor with concentration of 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2,0 mM. The main product of biotransformation were ADD and pregnenolon. The optimum yield of ADD 0,48% is achieved by adding 1,5 mM α, α’- dipiridil are two hours …

Research News: 2004, No. 1, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy

Research News: Grants and Publications (2000-2014)

Grants, publications, technology transfer, special announcements

2,6-Disubstituted Piperidines As Modulators Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Mediated Neurotransmitter Release, Uptake And Storage, Peter A. Crooks, Linda P. Dwoskin, Dennis Keith Miller, Vladimir P. Grinevich, Seth Davin Norrholm, Guangrong Zheng

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Compounds used for treating dependence on or withdrawal from a drug of abuse, for an eating disorder or for a CNS disease or pathology . . .

To see the remainder of this abstract, please download this patent.

A Third Lineage With Two-Piece Tmrna, S. M. Sharkady, K. P. Williams

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Surgical Infection Society Guidelines On Antimicrobial Therapy For Intra-Abdominal Infections: An Executive Summary, John E. Mazuski, Robert G. Sawyer, Avery B. Nathens, Joseph T. Dipiro, Moshe Schein, Kenneth A. Kudsk, Charles Yowler

Publications from the Office of the Dean

The Surgical Infection Society last published guidelines on antimicrobial therapy for intra-abdominal infections in 1992 (Bohnen JMA, et al., Arch Surg 1992;127:83-89). Since then, an appreciable body of literature has been published on this subject. Therefore, the Therapeutics Agents Committee of the Society undertook an effort to update the previous guidelines, primarily using data published over the past decade. An additional goal of the Committee was to characterize its recommendations according to contemporary principles of evidence-based medicine. To develop these guidelines, the Committee carried out a systematic search for all English language articles published between 1990 and 2000 related to …

Aminoglycosides For Intra-Abdominal Infection: Equal To The Challenge?, John A. Bailey, Katherine S. Virgo, Joseph T. Dipiro, Avery B. Nathens, Robert G. Sawyer, John E. Mazuski

Publications from the Office of the Dean

Background: Aminoglycosides, combined with antianaerobic agents, have been used widely for the treatment of intra-abdominal infection. However, some prospective randomized controlled trials and other data suggested that aminoglycosides were less efficacious than newer comparators for the treatment of these infections. We therefore performed a meta-analysis of all prospective randomized controlled trials utilizing aminoglycosides to reevaluate the efficacy of these agents for the treatment of intra-abdominal infection.

Methods: Published English-language prospective randomized controlled trials comparing aminoglycosides with other agents for treatment of intra-abdominal infection were identified by MEDLINE search. For each study, data were collected regarding the number of …

The Surgical Infection Society Guidelines On Antimicrobial Therapy For Intra-Abdominal Infections: Evidence For The Recommendations, John E. Mazuski, Robert G. Sawyer, Avery B. Nathens, Joseph T. Dipiro, Moshe Schein, Kenneth A. Kudsk, Charles Yowler

Publications from the Office of the Dean

Revised guidelines for the use of antimicrobial therapy in patients with intra-abdominal infections were recently developed by the Therapeutic Agents Committee of the Surgical Infection Society (Mazuski et al., Surg Infect2002;3:161-173). These were based, insofar as possible, on evidence published over the past decade. The objective of this document is to describe the process by which the Committee identified and reviewed the published literature utilized to develop the recommendations and to summarize the results of those reviews. English-language articles published between 1990 and 2000 related to antimicrobial therapy for intra-abdominal infections were identified by a systematic MEDLINE search and …

Hk-2 Cells As A Human Model Of Glucuronide Transport, Eliza E. Robertson

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Glucuronidation is primarily a pathway of detoxification in most species, but many glucuronide conjugates are associated with toxicity. Numerous drugs are excreted in the urine as glucuronide conjugates. Being organic anions, it is likely that glucuronides are secreted into the urine by organic anion transporters found in renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs). Some drugs that are metabolized by glucuronidation have been shown to cause renal toxicity, yet little is known about the renal handling of glucuronide conjugates. It is hypothesized that glucuronides are transported into renal PTCs by an organic anion transporter (OAT) on the basolateral membrane of the cell. …

Fluorometric Measurements Of Conformational Changes In Glutamate Transporters, H. Peter Larsson, Anastassios V. Tzingounis, Hans-Peter Koch, Michael Kavanaugh

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Glutamate transporters remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft to maintain efficient synaptic communication between neurons and to prevent extracellular glutamate concentrations from reaching neurotoxic levels (1). It is thought that glutamate transporters mediate glutamate transport through a reaction cycle with conformational changes between the two major access states that alternatively expose glutamate-binding sites to the extracellular or to the intracellular solution. However, there is no direct real-time evidence for the conformational changes predicted to occur during the transport cycle. In the present study, we used voltage-clamp fluorometry to measure conformational changes in the neuronal excitatory amino acid transporter …

Probing Proteinase Active Sites Using Oriented Peptide Mixture Libraries – Adam-10, John L. Krstenansky, Jihong Wang, Gregg R. Chenail, Matthew R. Tiffany, Geoffrey M. Kuesters, Barbara C. Natke, John L. Nestor Jr.

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Oriented Peptide Mixture Libraries can provide a full matrix of preferred and disfavored amino acids at each subsite of an optimal substrate for a new proteinase. This approach is rapid and convenient, requiring only two mixture libraries to complete the analysis. In this paper we demonstrate an extension of this type of analysis, using a focused library employing unnatural amino acids to probe the depth of the S1 position in the catalytic site of the alpha secretase ADAM-10. This analysis indicates that ADAM- 10 will accept amino acids with substantial length and hydrophobicity (e.g. 2- naphthylalanine), but suggests that the …

Hepatic Disposition Of Cyclosporine A In Isolated Perfused Rat Livers, Reza Mehvar, Anjaneya Chimalakonda

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE. To develop an isolated perfused rat liver model to study the hepatic disposition of cyclosporine A (CyA) in both sexes.

METHODS. Livers were isolated from male (n = 6) and female (n = 7) rats and perfused with a physiological buffer in a single-pass manner. A bolus 1-mg dose of CyA was injected into the inlet catheter and periodical samples (0-15 min) were collected from the outlet perfusate. The concentrations of CyA in the outlet perfusate, collected bile (0-15 min), and liver tissue (at the end of perfusion) were quantitated by HPLC and subjected to statistical moment analysis. …

The Evolving Role Of Lipid Rafts And Caveolae In G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling: Implications For Molecular Pharmacology, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Paul A. Insel

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The many components of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction provide cells with numerous combinations with which to customize their responses to hormones, neurotransmitters, and pharmacologic agonists. GPCRs function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for heterotrimeric (α, β, γ) G proteins, thereby promoting exchange of GTP for GDP and, in turn, the activation of ‘downstream’ signaling components. Recent data indicate that individual cells express mRNA for perhaps over 100 different GPCRs (out of a total of nearly a thousand GPCR genes), several different combinations of G-protein subunits, multiple regulators of G-protein signaling proteins (which function as GTPase activating proteins), and various …

Manganese Toxicokinetics At The Blood-Brain Barrier, Robert A. Yokel, Janelle S. Crossgrove

Pharmaceutical Sciences Reports

Increased manganese (Mn) use in manufacturing and in gasoline has raised concern about Mn-induced parkinsonism. Previous research indicated carrier-mediated brain entry but did not assess brain efflux.

Using in situ rat brain perfusion, we studied influx across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of three predominant plasma Mn species available to enter the brain: Mn²⁺, Mn citrate, and Mn transferrin. Our results suggested transporter-mediated uptake of these species. The uptake rate was greatest for Mn citrate. Our results using the brain efflux index method suggested that diffusion mediates distribution from rat brain to blood.

To characterize the carriers mediating brain …

Nitric Oxide Inhibition Of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 6 Activity Is Dependent Upon Lipid Rafts And Caveolin Signaling Complexes, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Richard A. Bundey, Paul A. Insel

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Several cell types, including cardiac myocytes and vascular endothelial cells, produce nitric oxide (NO) via both constitutive and inducible isoforms of NO synthase. NO attenuates cardiac contractility and contributes to contractile dysfunction in heart failure, although the precise molecular mechanisms for these effects are poorly defined. Adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms type 5 and 6, which are preferentially expressed in cardiac myocytes, may be inhibited via a direct nitrosylation by NO. Because endothelial NO synthase (eNOS and NOS3), β-adrenergic ( AR) receptors, and AC6 all can localize in lipid raft/caveolin-rich microdomains, we sought to understand the role of lipid rafts in …

Hepatitis B Vaccination For Patients With Chronic Renal Failure, Robert J. Schroth, Carol A. Hitchon, Julia Uhanova, Ayman M. Noreddin, Shayne P. Taback, Michael Moffatt, James M. Zacharias

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background Chronic renal failure patients are at particular risk of hepatitis B virus infection. Early studies have demonstrated that renal failure patients benefit from vaccination; however, not all studies have consistently shown benefit.

Objectives To determine the beneficial and harmful effects of hepatitis B vaccine and of a reinforced vaccination series in chronic renal failure patients.

Search methods We searched The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, The Cochrane Renal Group Controlled Trials Register, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register on The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2002), PubMed/MEDLINE (1966 to July 2003), EMBASE (1985 toNovember 2003), Current Clinical Practice Guidelines (Canadian …

Low Dose Intravenous Minocycline Is Neuroprotective After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Reperfusion In Rats, Lin Xu, Susan C. Fagan, Jennifer L. Waller, David Edwards, Cesar V. Borlongan, Jianqing Zheng, William D. Hill, Giora Feuerstein, David C. Hess

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Minocycline, a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, is an effective neuroprotective agent in animal models of cerebral ischemia when given in high doses intraperitoneally. The aim of this study was to determine if minocycline was effective at reducing infarct size in a Temporary Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion model (TMCAO) when given at lower intravenous (IV) doses that correspond to human clinical exposure regimens.

Methods

Rats underwent 90 minutes of TMCAO. Minocycline or saline placebo was administered IV starting at 4, 5, or 6 hours post TMCAO. Infarct volume and neurofunctional tests were carried out at 24 hr after TMCAO using …

Non-Prescription And Household Substances Of Abuse, J. Mallari, L. Nguyen, Jeffery A. Goad

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Reasons for abuse of [household products and over-the-counter (OTC) medications] can vary widely depending on the type of product used. Because these items can be readily found in pharmacies and stores, it is important for pharmacists to become familiar with the signs and symptoms of abuse, and street names by which these agents are known (see Table 1). Pharmacists, especially in the community setting, may be able to identify patterns of abuse since they are in contact with patients more frequently than other healthcare providers."

Nuovi Approcci Terapeutici Contro Il Cancro Del Colon, Giovanni Mario Pitari

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

This presentation was given in Augusta (Siracusa, Italy) for the 2004 Paul Harris Fellow Award, Rotary Foundation of Rotary International. The lecture discusses the clinical significance of the GC-C pathway and its potential as a therapeutic target for colon cancer and metastatic tumors. It underscores the importance of the dysregulation of the GC-C pathway in promoting colorectal tumorigenesis and of dietary calcium in the GC-C-mediated chemoprevention.

Questa e’ la presentazione per il Premio 2004 Paul Harris Fellow del Rotary International (Augusta, Siracusa, Italia). La dissertazione illustra l’importante significato clinico della via moleculare regulata da GC-C e dai suoi ligandi (guanilina, …

Home Pregnancy Test Kits, Joseph A. Woelfel

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.