Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Managing The Innovation Supply Chain To Maximize Personalized Medicine., Scott A. Waldman, Andre Terzic

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Personalized medicine epitomizes an evolving model of care tailored to the individual patient. This emerging paradigm harnesses radical technological advances to define each patient's molecular characteristics and decipher his or her unique pathophysiological processes. Translated into individualized algorithms, personalized medicine aims to predict, prevent, and cure disease without producing therapeutic adverse events. Although the transformative power of personalized medicine is generally recognized by physicians, patients, and payers, the complexity of translating discoveries into new modalities that transform health care is less appreciated. We often consider the flow of innovation and technology along a continuum of discovery, development, regulation, and application …

Design And Optimization Of Plga-Based Diclofenac Loaded Nanoparticles, Dustin L. Cooper, Sam Harirforoosh

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Drug based nanoparticle (NP) formulations have gained considerable attention over the past decade for their use in various drug formulations. NPs have been shown to increase bioavailability, decrease side effects of highly toxic drugs, and prolong drug release. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac block cyclooxygenase expression and reduce prostaglandin synthesis, which can lead to several side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and renal insufficiency. The aim of this study was to formulate and characterize diclofenac entrapped poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) based nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were formulated using an emulsion-diffusion-evaporation technique with varying concentrations of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or …

Adverse Effects Of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: An Update Of Gastrointestinal, Cardiovascular, And Renal Complications, Sam Harirforoosh, Waheed Asghar, Fakhreddin Jamali

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used chronically to reduce pain and inflammation in patients with arthritic conditions, and also acutely as analgesics by many patients. Both therapeutic and adverse effects of NSAIDs are due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. NSAIDs are classified as non-selective and COX-2-selective inhibitors (COXIBS) based on their extent of selectivity for COX inhibition. However, regardless of their COX selectivity, reports are still appearing on the GI side effect of NSAIDs particularly on the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the harmful role of their controlled release formulations. In addition, previously unpublished data stored in the sponsor’s …

Ivivc From Long Acting Olanzapine Microspheres, Susan D'Souza, Jabar A. Faraj, Stefano Giovagnoli, Patrick P. Deluca

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

In this study, four PLGA microsphere formulations of Olanzapine were characterized on the basis of their in vitro behavior at 37°C, using a dialysis based method, with the goal of obtaining an IVIVC. In vivo profiles were determined by deconvolution (Nelson-Wagner method) and using fractional AUC. The in vitro and in vivo release profiles exhibited the same rank order of drug release. Further, in vivo profiles obtained with both approaches were nearly superimposable, suggesting that fractional AUC could be used as an alternative to the Nelson-Wagner method. A comparison of drug release profiles for the four formulations revealed that the …

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies A Locus On Tert For Mean Telomere Length In Han Chinese., Yun Liu, Lan Cao, Zhiqiang Li, Daizhan Zhou, Wanqing Liu, Qin Shen, Yanting Wu, Dan Zhang, Xun Hu, Ting Wang, Junyi Ye, Xiaoling Weng, Hong Zhang, Di Zhang, Zhou Zhang, Fatao Liu, Lin He, Yongyong Shi

Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty Publications

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a predictor of aging and a number of age-related diseases. We performed genome-wide association studies of mean LTL in 2632 individuals,with a two-stage replication in 3917 individuals from Chinese populations. To further validate our findings, we get the results of 696 samples from a cohort of European ancestry. We identified two loci associated with LTL that map in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT; rs2736100, P = 1.93×10−5) on chromosome 5p15.33 and near keratin 80 (KRT80; rs17653722, P = 6.96×10−6) on 12q13.13. In Chinese population each C allele of rs2736100 and T allele …

Tetrakis-Quaternary Ammonium Salts And Methods For Modulating Neuronal Nicotinic Acteylcholine Receptors, Peter A. Crooks, Linda P. Dwoskin, Zhnefa Zhang, Marharyta Pivavarchyk

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Provided are tetrakis-quaternary ammonium compounds which are modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Also provided are methods of using the compounds for modulating the function of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and for the prevention and/or treatment of central nervous system disorders, substance use and/or abuse, and or gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Cancer Vaccines: A Ray Of Hope, Lipika Chablani

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

In lieu of an abstract, here are the article's first two paragraphs:

Recent cancer statistics review by Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program by National Cancer Institute (NCI) shows that cancer is the second most leading cause of death after heart diseases. Cancer incidence has grown from 19.2% to 23.3% from 1975 to 2010 (Figure 1)[1]. Lung cancer remains to be the most fatal form of cancer followed by colorectal, breast and prostate cancer in the country (Table 1)[1]. Regardless of several treatment options, cancer remains to be a unique challenge for both patients and the healthcare providers. Several …

Diversity Of Rotavirus Strains Causing Diarrhea In <5 Years Old Chinese Children: A Systematic Review, Yue Li, Song-Mei Wang, Shan-Shan Zhen, Ying Chen, Wei Deng, Paul E. Kilgore, Xuan-Yi Wang

Department of Pharmacy Practice

Background: We conducted a systematic review of the diversity and fluctuation of group A rotavirus strains circulating in China.

Methods and Findings: Studies of rotavirus-based diarrhea among children less than 5 years, published in English or Chinese between 1994 and 2012, were searched in PubMed, SinoMed, and CNKI and reviewed by applying standardized algorithms. The temporal and spatial trends of genotyping and serotyping were analyzed using a random-effects model. Ninety-three studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, 22,112 and 10,660 rotavirus samples had been examined for G and P types, respectively. The most common G …

Gold(Iii)-Dithiocarbamato Peptidomimetics In The Forefront Of The Targeted Anticancer Therapy: Preclinical Studies Against Human Breast Neoplasia, Chiara Nardon, Sara M. Schmitt, Huanjie Yang, Jian Zuo, Delores Fregona, Q. Ping Dou

Oncology Faculty Publications

Since the serendipitous discovery of cisplatin, platinum-based drugs have become well-established antitumor agents, despite the fact that their clinical use is limited by many severe side-effects. In order to both improve the chemotherapeutic index and broaden the therapeutic spectrum of current drugs, our most recent anti-neoplastic agents, Au(III) complexes, were designed as carrier-mediated delivery systems exploiting peptide transporters, which are up-regulated in some cancers. Among all, we focused on two compounds and tested them on human MDA-MB-231 (resistant to cisplatin) breast cancer cell cultures and xenografts, discovering the proteasome as a major target both in vitro and in vivo. …

Protein Binding Drug-Drug Interaction Between Warfarin And Tizoxanide In Human Plasma, Eduard Mullokandov, Jennifer Ahn, Andrew Szalkiewicz, Mariana Babayeva

Touro College of Pharmacy (New York) Publications and Research

The goal of the in vitro research was to evaluate the potential for inhibition of warfarin protein binding by tizoxanide. Warfarin was of particular interest for the present investigation because it has been shown to be highly bound to plasma proteins and is a narrow therapeutic index drug. Tizoxanide is an active metabolite of an anti-infective prodrug nitazoxanide and also highly protein-bound medication. Both drugs are expected to be co-administered clinically. Protein binding of warfarin was investigated using a centrifugal ultrafiltration technique. Co-administration of tizoxanide significantly inhibited protein binding of warfarin for all concentrations tested. Tizoxanide increased free fraction (fu) …

Fluoxetine-Induced Atypical Serotonin Syndrome With Hallucinations Masquerading As A Parkinsonian Syndrome, S. J. Stephens, A. J. Muzyk, M. Woodworth

Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Osteoporosis Management In Younger, Premenopausal Women, A. N. Mclendon, C. B. Woodis

Pharmacy Practice

The purpose of this review is to describe the available evidence for osteoporosis treatments in young and premenopausal women. A review of articles evaluating the treatment or prevention of osteoporosis in young (age less than 50 years) or premenopausal women was conducted. Several trials evaluating the treatment of anorexia nervosa and use of hormone therapy in those women, the use of bisphosphonates in women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer and the use of bisphosphonates, teriparatide and vitamin D in women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are described. Limited data were found to support the treatment of osteoporosis in women with idiopathic osteoporosis …

A Review Of Osteoporosis Management In Younger, Premenopausal Women, A. N. Mclendon, C. B. Woodis

Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

Morphine Overdose In A 6 1/2 Week-Old Infant: A Case Report, D. H. Eagerton, N. H. Goodbar, M. C. Dansby, S. N. Abel, W. C. Bell

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Enantioselective Metabolism Of Primaquine By Human Cyp2d6, P. S. Fasinu, B. L. Tekwani, N. P. Nanayakkara, B. Avula, B. H. Herath, Y. H. Wang, V. R. Adelli, M. A. Elsohly, S. I. Khan, I. A. Khan, B. S. Pybus, S. R. Marcisism, G. A. Reichard, J. D. Mccheseny, L. A. Walker

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Dietary Intake Of Fruits And Vegetables In Relation To Urinary Estrogen Dna Adduct Ratio, K. W. Reding, M. Zahid, E. Cavalieri, E. G. Rogan, B. S. Raccor, C. Atkinson, M. Yong, K. M. Newton, J. W. Lampe

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Toward A Robust Computational Screening Strategy For Identifying Glycosaminoglycan Sequences That Display High Specificity For Target Proteins, Nehru Viji Sankaranarayanan, Umesh R. Desai

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) interact with many proteins to regulate processes such as hemostasis, cell adhesion, growth and differentiation and viral infection. Yet, majority of these interactions remain poorly understood at a molecular level. A major reason for this state is the phenomenal structural diversity of GAGs, which has precluded analysis of specificity of their interactions. We had earlier presented a computational protocol for predicting “high-specificity” GAG sequences based on combinatorial virtual library screening (CVLS) technology. In this work, we expand the robustness of this technology through rigorous studies of parameters affecting GAG recognition of proteins, especially antithrombin and thrombin. The CVLS …

An Introduction To Drugs And The Neuroscience Of Behavior, Adam J. Prus

Books

This up-to-date text provides an introductory overview of the nervous system actions and behavioral effects of the major classes of psychoactive drugs, using pedagogy unique among pharmacology texts to make the topic approachable.

Phytochemistry Of Camptotheca Decaisne, Shiyou Li, Ping Wang

NCPC Publications and Patents

To date, chemical investigations of the genus Camptotheca have been primarily focused on C. acuminata. Total 78 compounds have been isolated from the species, including alkaloids (1-28), ellagic acids (29-40), flavonoids (41-46), sterols (47-48), terpenes (49-55), tannins (56-71), polyphenols and fatty acids (65-72), iridoid (73), lignan (74), polyols (75 and 76), amide (77), and sacchardide (78). The contents of camptothecin (CPT, 1), the major active alkaloid varies significantly with Camptotheca species and varieties, tissue and tree age and seasonal changes. Among all taxa of Camptotheca, C. acuminata var. acuminata has the lowest CPT contents (0.2249-0.3162% in young leaves, and 0.0392- …

Crystal Structures Of Influenza A Virus Matrix Protein M1: Variations On A Theme, Martin K. Safo, Faik N. Musayev, Philip D. Mosier, Qibing Zhou, Hang Xie, Umesh R. Desai

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Matrix protein 1 (M1) of the influenza A virus plays multiple roles in virion assembly and infection. Interest in the pH dependence of M1's multiple functions led us to study the effect of subtle pH changes on M1 structure, resulting in the elucidation of a unique low-pH crystal structure of the N1-165-domain of A/WSN/33 (H1N1) M1 that has never been reported. Although the 2.2 Å crystal structure of M1 N-terminus shows a dimer with the two monomers interacting in a face-to-face fashion at low pH as observed earlier, a 44° rotation of the second monomer has led to a significantly …

Phenoxybenzamine Is Neuroprotective In A Rat Model Of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Thomas Rau, Aakriti Kothiwal, Annela Rova, Joseph F. Rhoderick, David J. Poulsen

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Phenoxybenzamine (PBZ) is an FDA approved α-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist that is currently used to treat symptoms of pheochromocytoma. However, it has not been studied as a neuroprotective agent for traumatic brain injury (TBI). While screening neuroprotective candidates, we found that phenoxybenzamine reduced neuronal death in rat hippocampal slice cultures following exposure to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). Using this system, we found that phenoxybenzamine reduced neuronal death over a broad dose range (0.1 μM–1 mM) and provided efficacy when delivered up to 16 h post-OGD. We further tested phenoxybenzamine in the rat lateral fluid percussion model of TBI. When administered …

Cardiolipin Prevents Membrane Translocation And Permeabilization By Daptomycin, Tianhua Zhang, Jawad K. Muraih, Nasim Tishbi, Jennifer Herskowitz, Rachel L. Victor, Jared Silverman, Stephanie Uwumarenogie, Scott D. Taylor, Michael Palmer, Evan Mintzer

Lander College of Arts and Sciences Publications and Research

Daptomycin is an acidic lipopeptide antibiotic that, in the presence of calcium, forms oligomeric pores on membranes containing phosphatidylglycerol. It is clinically used against various Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcusspecies. Genetic studies have indicated that an increased content of cardiolipin in the bacterial membrane may contribute to bacterial resistance against the drug. Here, we used a liposome model to demonstrate that cardiolipin directly inhibits membrane permeabilization by daptomycin. When cardiolipin is added at molar fractions of 10 or 20% to membranes containing phosphatidylglycerol, daptomycin no longer forms pores or translocates to the inner membrane leaflet. Under …

Atypical Signaling And Functional Desensitization Response Of Mas Receptor To Peptide Ligands, Kalyan C. Tirupula, Russell Desnoyer, Robert C. Speth, Sadashiva S. Karnik

HPD Articles

MAS is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) implicated in multiple physiological processes. Several physiological peptide ligands such as angiotensin-(1-7), angiotensin fragments and neuropeptide FF (NPFF) are reported to act on MAS. Studies of conventional G protein signaling and receptor desensitization upon stimulation of MAS with the peptide ligands are limited so far. Therefore, we systematically analyzed G protein signals activated by the peptide ligands. MAS-selective non-peptide ligands that were previously shown to activate G proteins were used as controls for comparison on a common cell based assay platform. Activation of MAS by the non-peptide agonist (1) increased intracellular calcium and …

Dietary Supplement Labeling: Cognitive Biases, Market Manipulation & Consumer Choice, Michael Mccann

Law Faculty Scholarship

There exists increasing concern that the Dietary Supplements Health and Education Act (DSHEA) has proven ineffective. Much of the concern regards the disparity in legislative treatment between dietary supplements, foods, and pharmaceutical drugs. Namely, while pharmaceutical drugs must undergo years of costly pre-market testing, most supplements, like foods, can immediately enter the market, and only after repeated instances of adverse reactions can the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) remove them. Such a framework appears to belie both consumer expectations and marketing strategies, as supplements tend to be most perceived for their apparent medicinal qualities. This philosophy of waiting for a …

Nudging The Fda, W. Nicholson Price Ii, I. Glenn Cohen

Law Faculty Scholarship

[Excerpt] "The FDA’s regulation of drugs is frequently the subject of policy debate, with arguments falling into two camps. On the one hand, a libertarian view of patients and the health care system holds high the value of consumer choice. Patients should get all the information and the drugs they want; the FDA should do what it can to enforce some basic standards but should otherwise get out of the way. On the other hand, a paternalist view values the FDA’s role as an expert agency standing between patients and a set of potentially dangerous drugs and potentially unscrupulous or …

Making Do In Making Drugs: Innovation Policy And Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, W. Nicholson Price Ii

Law Faculty Scholarship

Despite increasing recalls, contamination events, and shortages, drug companies continue to rely on outdated manufacturing plants and processes. Drug manufacturing’s inefficiency and lack of innovation stand in stark contrast to drug discovery, which is the focus of a calibrated innovation policy that combines patents and FDA regulation. Pharmaceutical manufacturing lags far behind the innovative techniques found in other industries due to high regulatory barriers and ineffective intellectual property incentives. Among other challenges, although manufacturers tend to rely on trade secrecy because of the difficulty in enforcing patents on manufacturing processes, trade secrecy provides limited incentives for innovation. To increase those …

Intuitive, But Not Simple: Including Explicit Water Molecules In Protein-Protein Docking Simulations Improves Model Quality, Hardik I. Parikh, Glen E. Kellogg

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Characterizing the nature of interaction between proteins that have not been experimentally co-crystallized requires a computational docking approach that can successfully predict the spatial conformation adopted in the complex. In this work, the Hydropathic INTeractions (HINT) force field model was used for scoring docked models in a data set of 30 high-resolution crystallographically characterized “dry” protein-protein complexes, and was shown to reliably identify native-like models. However, most current protein-protein docking algorithms fail to explicitly account for water molecules involved in bridging interactions that mediate and stabilize the association of the protein partners, so we used HINT to illuminate the physical …

The New Pharmacist: 46 Doses Of Advice, Erin Albert

Butler University Books

Getting into pharmacy school: check.

Passing organic chemistry: check.

Graduating from pharmacy school: check.

Passing pharmacist board exams: check.

Landing first pharmacist job: check.

WHAT’S NEXT? Pharmacy school was the easy part. This book addresses the much more difficult part for newly licensed pharmacists: what comes after pharmacy school? This practical, yet inspirational book is for pharmacists 0-10 years into their careers, who also might ponder what else is out there—in terms of professional and career development—for years and decades to come.

2014 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

This publication is dedicated to the Southwestern College of Pharmacy faculty, staff, alumni, and students. We congratulate this year's graduating seniors and wish you success in your professional careers.

It is with great honor we present the 2014 Apothecary issue. This year’s Apothecary was made possible by the provision of generous financial contributions from many stores, businesses, and Southwestern College of Pharmacy alumni. We greatly appreciate and thank you for your continued support.

The College Of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University

Jackrabbits Script and Scope (Formerly called College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions Magazine)

[Page] 2 Looking back In 1888-89, the first two-year pharmacy course was being offered at what was then called the Ag College. A six-page review catches some of the highlights of the past 125 years.
[Page] 8 From collector to museum owner Curtis Haggar ’71 started collecting pharmacy artifacts during his internship. In July 2009, he opened a museum in Ouray, Colo., for his collection.
[Page] 10 Medication safety Distinguished Alumnus Marsha Raebel ’76 addresses fall convocation.
[Page] 12 Graduate Student of the Year Monzurul Roni, a native of India working in the lab of Shafiqur Rahman, is this year’s …