Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Implementation Of A Guideline-Based Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Management Algorithm, Claire Elson, Ellen Meier, Douglas Swanson, Christopher M. Oermann

Posters

Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is a challenge to manage in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease is complex. Effective treatment requires long term, multi-drug therapy delivered by several routes. Consensus recommendations published in 2016 were developed to guide CF providers in NTM screening, diagnosis and management. Primary Outcomes. Children’s Mercy-Kansas City (CMKC) developed an NTM working group to facilitate implementation of standardized NTM management. Methods. NTM working group: Pulmonologist (CF Center Director), Infectious Diseases specialist, nurse practitioner (CF Center Coordinator), and pharmacist. Sought expertise from the Director of Microbiology Laboratory regarding susceptibility testing. Developed NTM Management …

Nsu Sharks Rx-Spring, 2018, College Of Pharmacy

NSU Sharks Rx

Volume 3, Number 1

Analyzing The Differentiation Among State Medical Marijuana Policies By Examining State Policies & Trends, Richard Furlong

Political Science Theses and Capstones

Support for marijuana has been growing nationwide. This increased support has gained a lot of momentum since the late 1990s when California became the first state to legalize marijuana for medical use by enacting Proposition 215, or the Compassionate Use Act. Since the enactment of Proposition 215, 28 more states and the District of Columbia have legalized marijuana for medicinal use. I look into why states have begun to adopt these laws, and what makes these states differ throughout the country in the timeliness of their actions. I assembled data to examine a variety of state policies to attempt to …

Pharmacy Newsletter : April 2018, Pharmacy Department

Department of Pharmacy Archives

Content:

• New Guidelines of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI
• Botulinum Toxin Type –A: An Option to Treat Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
• Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) Reporting Trend at AKUH – Year 2017
• Medication Reconciliation: Step to Enter Patient Home Medication Entry

Genetic Variants In Hsd17b3, Smad3, And Ipo11 Impact Circulating Lipids In Response To Fenofibrate In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Daniel M. Rotroff, Sonja S. Pijut, Skylar W. Marvel, John R. Jack, Tammy M. Havener, Aurora Pujol, Agatha Schluter, Gregory A. Graf, Henry N. Ginsberg, Hetal S. Shah, He Gao, Mario-Luca Morieri, Alessandro Doria, Josyf C. Mychaleckyi, Howard L. Mcleod, John B. Buse, Michael J. Wagner, Alison A. Motsinger-Reif, Accord/Accordion Investigators

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dyslipidemia are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Fibrates are a class of drugs prescribed to treat dyslipidemia, but variation in response has been observed. To evaluate common and rare genetic variants that impact lipid responses to fenofibrate in statin‐treated patients with T2D, we examined lipid changes in response to fenofibrate therapy using a genomewide association study (GWAS). Associations were followed‐up using gene expression studies in mice. Common variants in SMAD3 and IPO11 were marginally associated with lipid changes in black subjects (P < 5 × 10^‐6). Rare variant and gene expression changes …

Modafinil For The Improvement Of Patient Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Amne Borghol, Michael Aucoin, Ifeanyi Onor, Dana Jamero, Fadi Hawawini

Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective.  The authors sought to assess the literature evidence on the efficacy of modafinil use in patients with fatigue or excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI).Method of Research. A literature search of Medline and PubMed was performed using the EBSCOhost database. Primary literature, observational studies, meta-analyses, case reports, and systematic reviews were assessed for content regarding modafinil and psychostimulant use in patients with TBI. Of the 23 articles collected, three randomized, controlled studies, three observational studies, one case report, and two systematic reviews gave a description of modafinil use in TBI patients.Results and Conclusion. Modafinil is …

Discovery And Effects Of Pharmacological Inhibition Of The E3 Ligase Skp2 By Small Molecule Protein-Protein Interaction Disruptors, John K. Morrow

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Skp2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2), one component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, directly interacts with Skp1 and indirectly associates with Cullin1 and Rbx1 to bridge the E2 conjugating enzyme with its protein substrate to execute its E3 ligase activity. Skp2 is an Fbox protein (due to it containing an Fbox domain) and it is the rate-limiting component of the SCF complex. Skp2 targets several cell-cycle regulatory proteins for ubiquitination and degradation; most notable and significant for cancer are the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27. Skp2 is an oncogene and studies have shown that over-expression of Skp2 leads to increased …

Administration Of Long-Acting Injections, Christopher Noel, Karl Williams

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Expanding the scope of pharmacy practice demonstrates that the profession has been successful at improving public health. Despite being a late adopter, New York's limited experience with vaccines has improved immunization rates and lowered rates of disease. During emergencies, the 2017-2018 flu season for example, the state has turned to pharmacists to go beyond what the pharmacy practice law permits, in this case enabling immunizations in pediatric patients.¹ This illustrates recognition of untapped potential within the profession to contribute to the public health. Another opportunity for pharmacists to enhance the public health is embodied in a Bill introduced in …

Evaluation Of Pharmacy Students’ Tendency To Self-Medicate, Rebekah Lee Crandall, Danielle O'Neal

Senior Theses

Objective: To investigate whether the tendency to self-medicate increases as students progress though the pharmacy curriculum.

Design: An online survey was administered through Survey Monkey by a link sent to the email addresses of students who attended the South Carolina College of Pharmacy/ University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy (SCCP/USC-COP) during the 2017-2018 school year.

Methods: Self-medication was defined as the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications, medications prescribed to another person, and recreational (i.e. alcohol, tobacco) or illicit substances for therapeutic purposes. The primary outcome was the likelihood of each class of pharmacy students to self-medicate based on a …

Edoxaban Plus Aspirin Vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy In Endovascular Treatment Of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Results Of The Epad Trial., Frans Moll, Iris Baumgartner, Michael Jaff, Chuke Nwachuku, Marco Tangelder, Gary Ansel, George Adams, Thomas Zeller, John Rundback, Michael Grosso, Min Lin, Michele F Mercur, Erich Minar, Epad Investigators

Pharmacy Articles

PURPOSE: To report a randomized study that investigated the safety (risk of major bleeds) and potential efficacy of edoxaban, an oral anticoagulant that targets the major components of arterial thrombi, to prevent loss of patency following endovascular treatment (EVT).

METHODS: Between February 2012 and June 2014, 203 patients who underwent femoropopliteal EVT were randomized to receive aspirin plus edoxaban or aspirin plus clopidogrel for 3 months in the Edoxaban in Peripheral Arterial Disease (ePAD) study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01802775). Randomization assigned 101 patients (mean age 68.0±10.4 years; 67 men) to the edoxaban group and 102 patients (mean age 66.7±8.6 years; …

Structure-Based Discovery Of Mpges-1 Inhibitors Suitable For Preclinical Testing In Wild-Type Mice As A New Generation Of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Kai Ding, Ziyuan Zhou, Shurong Hou, Yaxia Yuan, Shuo Zhou, Xirong Zheng, Jianzhong Chen, Charles D. Loftin, Fang Zheng, Chang-Guo Zhan

Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center Faculty Publications

Human mPGES-1 is recognized as a promising target for next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs without the side effects of currently available anti-inflammatory drugs, and various inhibitors have been reported in the literature. However, none of the reported potent inhibitors of human mPGES-1 has shown to be also a potent inhibitor of mouse or rat mPGES-1, which prevents using the well-established mouse/rat models of inflammation-related diseases for preclinical studies. Hence, despite of extensive efforts to design and discover various human mPGES-1 inhibitors, the promise of mPGES-1 as a target for the next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs has never been demonstrated in …

We Are The Medicine, Madalynn Wendland, Toni Speed

Interprofessional Education

We are all healers— to ourselves, each other and the world around us. Whether you are on the path of becoming a health professional, or have been in practice for a long time, this half-day workshop will help you to view healing from a holistic perspective that draws from the ancient traditions while respecting contemporary science.

Preparation And Characterization Of Multimodal Hybrid Organic And Inorganic Nanocrystals Of Camptothecin And Gold, Christin P. Hollis, Alan K. Dozier, Barbara L. Knutson, Tonglei Li

Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy Faculty Publications

We demonstrate a novel inorganic-organic crystalline nanoconstruct, where gold atoms were imbedded in the crystal lattices as defects of camptothecin nanocrystals, suggesting its potential use as simultaneous agents for cancer therapy and bioimaging. The incorporation of gold, a potential computed tomography (CT) contrast agent, in the nanocrystals of camptothecin was detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and further quantified by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometers (ICP-OES). Due to gold's high attenuation coefficient, only a relatively small amount needs to be present in order to create a good noise-to-contrast ratio in CT imaging. The imbedded …

Effect Of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia On Angiotensin Ii Receptors In The Central Nervous System., Barbara J Morgan, Nicole Schrimpf, Morgan Rothman, Ann Mitzey, Mark S Brownfield, Robert Charles Speth, John M Dopp

Faculty Articles

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) increases basal sympathetic nervous system activity, augments chemoreflex-induced sympathoexcitation, and raises blood pressure. All effects are attenuated by systemic or intracerebroventricular administration of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT₁R) antagonists. This study aimed to quantify the effects of CIH on AT₁R- and AT₂R-like immunoreactivity in the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), central regions that are important components of the extended chemoreflex pathway. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intermittent hypoxia (F_IO₂ = 0.10, 1 min at 4-min intervals) for 10 hr/day for …

Implementation Of An Iv Workflow System To Reduce Iv Preparation Errors, Craig Senholzi, Rph, Mba, Jeremy Lawton, Pharmd, Gary Bea, Bs, Brian G. Swift, Pharm.D., Mba

Pharmacy Presentations, Posters, and Grand Rounds

The goals of our IV workflow implementation project were to:

• Promote safety by reducing the number of preparation errors involving IV products that could subsequently lead to patient harm.
• Promote efficiency and standardization in our IV workflow process.
• Minimize waste of compounded IV products.
• Assist in our journey toward high reliability.

Git1 Regulates Synaptic Plasticity Underlying Learning, A. C. Martyn, K. Toth, R. Schmalzigaug, N. Hendrick, M. Rodriguiz, R. Yasuda, W. C. Wetsel, R. T. Premon

Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Variation Between Point-Of-Care And Laboratory Hba1ctesting In Clinical Practice, Shawn E. Fellows, Gabriela Cipriano

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Aims: The aim of this study was to identify potential disparities between Point-Of-Care Testing (POCT) and laboratory hemoglobinH bA1c reporting at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC).
Methods: The electronic medical record was reviewed to identify POCT HbA1c done at a FQHC and centralized laboratory HbA1c performed on the same day. Manual data extraction was used to identify potential variables that could account for disparities between POCT and laboratory testing.
Results: A total of 42 samples in 40 patients were identified. The median HbA1c difference was 1.5mmol/mol (0.15%) and ranged from -26-52 mmol/mol (-2.4 to 4.8%). Of the patients in …

Therapeutic Challenge With A Cdk 4/6 Inhibitor Induces An Rb-Dependent Smac-Mediated Apoptotic Response In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer., Thangavel Chellappagounder, Boopathi Ettickan, Yi Liu, Christopher Mcnair, Alex Haber, Maryna Perepelyuk, Anshul Bhardwaj, Sankar Addya, Adam Ertel, Sunday Shoyele, Ruth Birbe, Joseph M. Salvino, Adam P. Dicker, Karen E. Knudsen, Robert B. Den

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose: The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB), a key regulator of cell-cycle progression and proliferation, is functionally suppressed in up to 50% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RB function is exquisitely controlled by a series of proteins, including the CyclinD-CDK4/6 complex. In this study, we interrogated the capacity of a CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib, to activate RB function.

Experimental Design and Results: We employed multiple isogenic RB-proficient and -deficient NSCLC lines to interrogate the cytostatic and cytotoxic capacity of CDK 4/6 inhibition in vitro and in vivo We demonstrate that while short-term exposure to palbociclib induces cellular senescence, prolonged exposure results …

Novel Aminobenzoboroxoles As Potential Anti-Cancer Agents, Bhawankumar Pravinchandra Patel

Theses and Dissertations

Boronic acids are a promising class of compounds due to their wide range of applications in medicinal and materials chemistry, and as coupling agents in organic synthesis. B-hydroxy-1,2-oxaborolanes (benzoboroxoles) are categorized as cyclic boronic acid derivatives and they are very important organic molecules because of their metabolic stability and their ability to undergo important C-C bond forming reactions such as Suzuki cross coupling. Several of these cyclic boronic acids are found to have promising pharmacological properties as antifungal, antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agents. However, based on the literature reports, synthesis of highly functionalized benzoboroxoles is typically cumbersome and not very conducive …

Nutraceuticals: An Alternative Treatment For Influenza Virus, Siale Teaupa

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Influenza virus is a contagious respiratory pathogen that infects hundreds of thousands of people a year, making it a serious global health concern. The virus has a rapid mutation rate and has developed resistance to current antiviral agents, making it a difficult target for effective treatment. There is an increasing need to identify new treatments for Influenza. Recently, we have tested nutraceuticals as an effective alternative for blocking Influenza. We have tested Jamaican Sorrel, Black Currant Berries, and Manuka Honey paired with Bee Pollen for antiviral activity. We have demonstrated that these nutraceuticals block the 2009 Pandemic California Influenza strain …

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Methods For Diagnosis Of Bacterial Meningitis, Mitsuko Seki, Paul E. Kilgore, Eun Jin Kim, Makoto Ohnishi, Satoshi Hayakawa, Dong Wook Kim

Department of Pharmacy Practice

The rapid, accurate, and efficient identification of an infectious disease is critical to ensure timely clinical treatment and prevention in public health settings. In 2015, meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis was responsible for 379,200 (range: 322,700–444,700) deaths. Clinical features alone cannot determine whether bacterial meningitis is present; an analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification method offering an alternative to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). LAMP-based assays for detection of three leading bacteria in CSF for diagnosis of meningitis have been established. The typing assays …

Correlation Of Solid Dosage Porosity And Tensile Strength With Acoustically Extracted Mechanical Properties, Xiaochi Xu, Connor Mack, Zachary J. Cleland, Chaitanya Krishna Prasad Vallabh, Vivek S. Dave, Centin Cetinkaya

Doctoral External Publications

Currently, the compressed tablet and its oral administration is the most popular drug delivery modality in medicine. The accurate porosity and tensile strength characterization of a tablet design is vital for predicting its performance such as disintegration, dissolution, and drug-release efficiency upon administration as well as ensuring its mechanical integrity. In current work, a non-destructive contact ultrasonic approach and an associated testing procedure are presented and employed to quantify and relate the acoustically extracted mechanical properties of pharmaceutical compacts to direct porosity and tensile strength measurements. Based on a comprehensive set of experimental data, it is demonstrated how strongly the …

Risk Stratification For Bleeding Complications In Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: Application Of The Has-Bled Bleeding Score During The First 6 Months Of Anticoagulant Treatment, Joshua D. Brown, Amie J. Goodin, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Val R. Adams

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background—The Hypertension, Abnormal renal/liver function, Stroke, Bleeding, Labile International Normalized Ratio (INR), Elderly, Drugs or alcohol use (HAS-BLED) score has strong predictive validity for major bleeding complications, but limited validation has been conducted in venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study evaluates the HAS-BLED score in a large cohort of VTE patients.

Methods and Results—A retrospective cohort of adults ≥ 18 years with primary diagnosis of VTE between January 1, 2010 and November 31, 2013 were identified in an insurance claims database. Patients were tracked until death, any bleed event, or end of study period. HAS-BLED score and components were …

Aging Exacerbates Development Of Cerebral Microbleeds In A Mouse Model, Rachita K. Sumbria, Mher Mahoney Grigoryan, Vitaly Vasilevko, Annlia Paganini-Hill, Kelley Kilday, Ronald Kim, David H. Cribbs, Mark J. Fisher

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are commonly found in the aging brain. CMH are also the neuropathological substrate of cerebral microbleeds (CMB), demonstrated on brain MRI. Recent studies demonstrate the importance of systemic inflammation in CMH development, but the relationships among inflammation, aging, and CMH development are not well-defined. In the current study, we hypothesized that the pathogenesis of inflammation-induced CMH in mice differs by age.

Methods: We studied young (3 months, n = 20) and old (18 months, n = 25) C57BL/6 mice injected with low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline at 0, 6, and 24 …

Public Health And Pharmacy Solutions For Opiod Use Disorder Php 336, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Topical Digitoxigenin For Wound Healing: A Feasibility Study, Xinchi Feng, Cuifen Wang, Yunhui Xu, Joel Turley, Zijian Xie, Sandrine Pierre, Jinsong Hao

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

(1) Background: Cardiotonic steroids have been found to stimulate collagen synthesis and might be potential wound healing therapeutics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of digitoxigenin and its topical formulation for wound healing; (2) Methods: In the in vitro study, the human dermal fibroblast cells were treated with digitoxigenin and collagen synthesis was assessed. In the in vivo study, digitoxigenin was applied to excisional full-thickness wounds in rats immediately after wounding and remained for three days, and wound open was evaluated over 10 days. A digitoxigenin formulation for topical administration was prepared, and the in vitro …

The Role Of Human Dopamine Transporter In Neuroaids, Jun Zhu, Subramaniam Ananthan, Chang-Guo Zhan

Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center Faculty Publications

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains highly prevalent in HIV infected individuals and represents a special group of neuropathological disorders, which are associated with HIV-1 viral proteins, such as transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein. Cocaine abuse increases the incidence of HAND and exacerbates its severity by enhancing viral replication. Perturbation of dopaminergic transmission has been implicated as a risk factor of HAND. The presynaptic dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) is essential for DA homeostasis and dopaminergic modulation of the brain function including cognition. Tat and cocaine synergistically elevate synaptic DA levels by acting directly on human DAT (hDAT), ultimately leading to dysregulation …

It's Time To Reverse Our Thinking: The Reverse Translation Research Paradigm, Valentina Shakhnovich

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Safety Of Eslicarbazepine Acetate Monotherapy In Patients Converting From Carbamazepine., Ladislav Pazdera, Michael R. Sperling, Jay H. Harvey, Maria C. Sam, Laura A. Strom, David Blum, Todd Grinnell, Hailong Cheng

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of prior use of carbamazepine (CBZ) and other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) with a putatively similar mechanism of action (inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels; VGSCs) on seizure outcomes and tolerability when converting to eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), using data pooled from 2 controlled conversion-to-ESL monotherapy trials (studies: 093-045, 093-046).

METHODS: Adults with treatment-resistant focal (partial-onset) seizures were randomized 2:1 to ESL 1600 or 1200 mg once daily. The primary efficacy endpoint was study exit (meeting predefined exit criteria related to worsening seizure control) versus an historical control group. Other endpoints included change in seizure frequency, responder rate, …

Patient Perceptions Of Text Messaging To Improve Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: A Qualitative Study Of Patients In A Ryan White Clinic, Elizabeth Sherman, Kevin A. Clauson, Shara Elrod, Paula Eckardt, Fadi Alkhateeb, Robin Jacobs

Pharmacy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Evidence on the use of short message service (SMS) to improve medication adherence in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is mounting, yet qualitative research on patient perceptions regarding SMS content and utility for HIV/AIDS remains nascent. To explore the experience of receiving medication reminders via SMS among PLHIV, 45 uninsured and underinsured PLHIV nested within the intervention arm of a larger study received daily, 1-way SMS adherence reminders. Qualitative data were collected by face-to-face, structured interview and were analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) reminders helping with adherence, (2) concerns about delivery …