Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Medication Safety During Transitions Of Care:The Importance Of Checklists In Preventing Patient Harm, Laressa Bethishou, Olivia Lounsbury, Donna Prosser

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

There is a need to optimize patient safety as patients navigate through the healthcare system. With each transition of care, patients are vulnerable to changes that may cause adverse effects, including changes in their healthcare team, health status, and medications. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) defines a transition of care as “the movement of a patient from one setting of care to another.” While the concept itself may seem simple, this definition fails to capture the many potential handoff complications which classify these transitions as high risk for patients. With 67% of patients facing unintended medication discrepancies …

Quantifying Differences In Pill Swallow Patterns In Adults, Catherine A. Sullivan, Luis F. Riquelme

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

Difficulty swallowing pills has become an increasing complaint among patients visiting swallow evaluation centers across the globe. Deficits are reported in healthy individuals as well as in clinical populations. In the USA, 40% of 679 persons responding to a survey reported difficulty swallowing pills (Business Wire, 2009). In an effort to facilitate pill intake, several modifications have been reported: use of liquid formulations, crushing tablet, opening capsule, whole pill mixed with food or via feeding tube (Cornish, 2005). A survey of 40 nurses revealed the most common modification was to use apple sauce (Riquelme et al., 2009). Current literature on …

Pharmacy Students’ Perspectives On The Initial Implementation Of A Teaching Electronic Medical Record: Results From A Mixed-Methods Assessment, Olga O. Vlashyn, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde, Kimberly S. Illingworth Plake, Jamie L. Woodyard, Zachary A. Weber, Alissa L. Russ-Jara

Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Background
Electronic medical records (EMRs) have been used for nearly three decades. Pharmacists use EMRs on a daily basis, but EMRs have only recently been incorporated into pharmacy education. Some pharmacy programs have implemented teaching electronic medical records (tEMRs), but best practices for incorporating tEMRs into pharmacy education remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to 1) assess pharmacy students’ views and experiences with a tEMR; and 2) identify current learning activities and future priorities for tEMR use in pharmacy education.

Methods
We used a mixed-methods approach, including three, two-hour student focus groups and a 42-item web-based survey to …

The Impact Of An International Interprofessional Experience On Perceptions Of Pharmacist-Physician Relationships, Miranda R. Andrus, Emily A. Powell, Katherine Moody, Taylor D. Steuber

International Journal of Health Sciences Education

Objective. To assess the impact of this international interprofessional learning experience on perceptions of pharmacist-physician relationships and interprofessional teams.

Methods. Medical and pharmacy students completed a one-week interprofessional medical mission experience in the Dominican Republic. Anonymous surveys were administered to 17 students before and after completion to measure perceptions of pharmacist-physician relationships and interprofessional teams. Responses were matched and changes in perceptions were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The SPICE-R2 instrument was administered after the experience to measure attitudes toward interprofessional teams.

Results. Of the 17 participants, 100% responded to all surveys. Significant improvements were seen in the …

Angiotensin Ii Administration To Covid-19 Patients Is Not Advisable, Robert C. Speth

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Epoetin Alfa-Epbx Versus Epoetin Alfa On Hemoglobin Levels In Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Chemotherapy Induced Anemia, And Chronic Kidney Disease, Gabrielle Dubruille, Sigal Nadulek, Anderson Mabour

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimization Of Drug-Drug Interaction Alerts In An Effort To Reduce Pharmacist Alert Fatigue In A Hospital System, Jose Ojeda, Kristina Lee, Claudia Chang, Frances Ordieres Gonzalez, Aman Rai

All Publications

Background/Purpose:

A drug-drug interaction (DDI) occurs when one medication affects either the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of another medication. DDIs can result in preventable adverse drug events (ADEs), which can cause harm to patients. A clinical decision support (CDS) system is a health information technology system that assists with clinical decision-making tasks. CDS systems are capable of reducing the frequency of preventable ADEs. However, studies have demonstrated that only around 10% of the alerts fired by CDS systems are applicable in all the circumstances they fire, which can lead to clinician alert fatigue. Alert fatigue occurs when both important and non-important …

Vesicular Monoamine Transporter-2 Ligands And Their Use In The Treatment Of Psychostimulant Abuse, Linda P. Dwoskin, Peter Anthony Crooks, Guangrong Zheng, Justin Robert Nickell, Zheng Cao, Na-Ra Lee

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

The present invention relates to methods of treatment of a disease or pathology of the central nervous system, an eating disorder, or substance use disorder, drug dependence/abuse and withdrawal therefrom comprising administering at least one N-phenylalkyl amphetamine derivative and pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one N-phenylalkyl amphetamine derivative to an individual in need thereof.

Comparative Molecular Transporter Properties Of Cyclic Peptides Containing Tryptophan And Arginine Residues Formed Through Disulfide Cyclization, Eman H. M. Mohammed, Dindyal Mandal, Saghar Mozaffari, Magdy Abdel-Hamied Zahran, Amany Mostafa Osman, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We have previously reported cyclic cell-penetrating peptides [WR]₅ and [WR]₄ as molecular transporters. To optimize further the utility of our developed peptides for targeted therapy in cancer cells using the redox condition, we designed a new generation of peptides and evaluated their cytotoxicity as well as uptake behavior against different cancer cell lines. Thus, cyclic [C(WR)_xC] and linear counterparts (C(WR)_xC), where x = 4–5, were synthesized using Fmoc/tBu solid-phase peptide synthesis, purified, and characterized. The compounds did not show any significant cytotoxicity (at 25 µM) against ovarian (SK-OV-3), leukemia (CCRF-CEM), gastric adenocarcinoma (CRL-1739), breast …

Risk Of Acute Kidney Injury In Patients Receiving Vancomycin And Piperacillin-Tazobactam Compared To Vancomycin And Cefepime, Viktoria Andonova

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Etomidate Use In Septic Patients Requiring Rapid Sequence Intubation, Elizabeth Osmon, Nishika Patel

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Expression Of Poly-Adp-Ribose Polymerase (Parp) In Endometrial Adenocarcinoma: Prognostic Potential, Logan M. Lawrence, Rebecca Russell, Claire E. Denning, Nadim Bou Zgheib, Travis Salisbury, Seth T. Lirette, Jagan Valluri, Pier Paolo Claudio, Krista L. Denning

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 Background: In the United States endometrial carcinoma is the most common female gynecologic malignancy. An average of more than 60,000 new cases of endometrial carcinomas have been diagnosed yearly over the past 5 years, with a higher incidence occurring in the central Appalachian states of Ohio and West Virginia. In the U.S., the national average of newly diagnosed endometrial carcinomas is 26.8 in every 100,000 women, while in the states of Ohio and West Virginia the average is 30.5 and 31.1 in every 100,000 women, respectively. This notable increase in the incidence of endometrial carcinomas may be due …

Extracellular Matrix Components Isolated From Diabetic Mice Alter Cardiac Fibroblast Function Through The Age/Rage Signaling Cascade, Stephanie D. Burr, James A. Stewart

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 The Authors Individuals suffering from diabetes have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications such as heart failure. Heart failure can be a result of the stiffening of the left ventricle, which occurs when cardiac fibroblasts become “active” and begin to remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibroblast “activation” can be triggered by the AGE/RAGE signaling cascade. Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) are produced and accumulate in the ECM over time in a healthy individual, but under hyperglycemic conditions, this process is accelerated. In this study, we investigated how the presence of AGEs in either non-diabetic or diabetic ECM …

Fluoroquinolone Versus Nonfluoroquinolone Treatment Of Bloodstream Infections Caused By Chromosomally Mediated Ampc‐Producing Enterobacteriaceae, Sarah Grace Gunter, Katie E. Barber, Jamie L. Wagner, Kayla R. Stover

Faculty and Student Publications

Objectives: Chromosomally mediated AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CAE) display high susceptibility to fluoroquinolones; minimal clinical data exist supporting comparative clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to compare treatment outcomes between fluoroquinolone and nonfluoroquinolone definitive therapy of bloodstream infections caused by CAE. Methods: This retrospective cohort assessed adult patients with positive blood cultures for CAE that received inpatient treatment for 48 hours. The primary outcome was difference in clinical failure between patients who received fluoroquinolone (FQ) versus non‐FQ treatment. Secondary endpoints included microbiological cure, infection‐related length of stay, 90‐day readmission, and all‐cause inpatient mortality. Results: 56 patients were included in the …

Identifying And Managing Substance Abuse In The Emergency Department, Nelsy M. Zuniga

College of Pharmacy Student Research

No abstract provided.

Reduced Expression Of The Pp2a Methylesterase, Pme-1, Or The Pp2a Methyltransferase, Lcmt-1, Alters Sensitivity To Beta-Amyloid-Induced Cognitive And Electrophysiological Impairments In Mice, Agnieszka Staniszewski, Hong Zhang, Kesava Asam, Rose Pitstick, Michael P. Kavanaugh, Ottavio Arancio, Russell E. Nicholls

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Beta-amyloid (Ab) is thought to play a critical role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and application of soluble oligomeric forms of Ab produces AD-like impairments in cognition and synaptic plasticity in experimental systems. We found previously that transgenic overexpression of the PP2A methylesterase, PME-1, or the PP2A methyltransferase, LCMT-1, altered the sensitivity of mice to Ab-induced impairments, suggesting that PME-1 inhibition may be an effective approach for preventing or treating these impairments. To explore this possibility, we examined the behavioral and electrophysiological effects of acutely applied synthetic Ab oligomers in male and female mice heterozygous for either a PME-1 KO or …

Cancer Pain And The Risks Of Opioid Abuse, Yarelis Diaz

College of Pharmacy Student Research

No abstract provided.

Olive Oil Diet In Mild Pre-Gestational Diabetes Impacts Offspring Β-Cell Development., Bushra Taqui, Farsad Asadi, Evangelina Capobianco, Daniel Barry Hardy, Alicia Jawerbaum, Edith Juliana Arany

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Maternal diabetes impairs fetal development and increases the risk of metabolic diseases in the offspring. Previously, we showed maternal dietary supplementation with 6% of olive oil prevents diabetes-induced embryo and fetal defects, in part, through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). In this study we examined the effects of this diet on neonatal and adult pancreatic development in both male and female offspring. A mild diabetic model was developed by injecting neonatal rats with streptozotocin (90 mg/kg). During pregnancy these dams were fed a chow diet supplemented or not with 6% olive oil. Dual immunohistochemistry was performed to detect …

Inflammation Profiling Of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients., Douglas D Fraser, Gediminas Cepinskas, Marat Slessarev, Claudio Martin, Mark Daley, Michael R Miller, David B O'Gorman, Sean E Gill, Eric K Patterson, Claudia C Dos Santos

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection to which there is no community immunity. Patients admitted to ICUs have high mortality, with only supportive therapies available. Our aim was to profile plasma inflammatory analytes to help understand the host response to coronavirus disease 2019.

Design: Daily blood inflammation profiling with immunoassays.

Setting: Tertiary care ICU and academic laboratory.

Subjects: All patients admitted to the ICU suspected of being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, using standardized hospital screening methodologies, had daily blood samples collected until either testing was confirmed negative on ICU day 3 (coronavirus …

Recombinant Human Proteoglycan-4 Mediates Interleukin-6 Response In Both Human And Mouse Endothelial Cells Induced Into A Sepsis Phenotype, Holly A. Richendrfer, Mitchell M. Levy, Khaled A. Elsaid, Tannin A. Schmidt, Ling Zhang, Ralph Cabezas, Gregory D. Jay

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Objectives:

Sepsis is a leading cause of death in the United States. Putative targets to prevent systemic inflammatory response syndrome include antagonism of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and CD44 receptors in vascular endothelial cells. Proteoglycan-4 is a mucinous glycoprotein that interacts with CD44 and toll-like receptor 4 resulting in a blockade of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 pathway. We hypothesized that endothelial cells induced into a sepsis phenotype would have less interleukin-6 expression after recombinant human proteoglycan 4 treatment in vitro.

Design:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure interleukin-6 protein and gene expression.

Setting: …

The Association Between Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors And Colorectal Cancer In A National Cohort Of Patients, S. Scott Sutton, Joseph Magagnoli, Tammy H. Cummings, James W. Hardin

Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: To examine the association between phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor use and incidence of colorectal cancer among patients with erectile dysfunction treated in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure was conducted, with data spanning January 2001-December 2016. Patients were followed up from index until (i) the first diagnosis of colorectal cancer, (ii) death, or (iii) the end of study period. Statistical analyses evaluated demographics and baseline characteristics between cohorts (PDE-5 exposed or not) and the effect of additional dosages of each specific PDE-5 inhibitor using adjusted multivariate Cox …

Nih Funding For Research Underlying New Cancer Therapies, Ekaterina Galkina Cleary, Fred D. Ledley

Natural & Applied Sciences Faculty Publications

Contemporary discovery and development of cancer drugs are based on the model that investments in basic biomedical science will provide insights that can be translated into new cures. In the USA, basic research is primarily funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH),1 which allocates half of its research budget to basic science,2 with smaller amounts contributed by philanthropy, academics, or industry.1 Basic science is formally defined as the “systematic study directed toward fuller knowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects of phenomena and observable facts without specific application towards processes or products in mind”.3 However, science is often useinspired,4 …

Prediction Of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Resistance In Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections, Madeline Demarsh, P Brandon Bookstaver, Caroline Gordon, Juanne Lim, Nicole Griffith, Nicole K. Bookstaver, Julie Ann Justo, Joseph Kohn, Majdi N. Al-Hasan

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to predict trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistance in patients with community-onset urinary tract infection (UTI) due to Enterobacteriaceae based on patient-specific risk factors. METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study in Prisma Health facilities in central South Carolina, USA, including three community hospitals, affiliated emergency departments and ambulatory clinics, including adult patients with community-onset UTI due to Enterobacteriaceae (1 April 2015 to 29 February 2016). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine risk factors for SXT resistance. RESULTS: Among 351 unique patients with community-onset UTI, 71 (20.2%) had SXT-resistant Enterobacteriaceae urinary isolates. Overall, median age was 64 years …

Recent Advances In Stimuli-Responsive Drug Release And Targeting Concepts Using Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles, Ghada G. Abdo, Moustafa M. Zagho, Ashraf Khalil

Faculty Publications

Being a developed and promising approach, nanotechnology has attracted a lot of attention in biomedical and pharmaceutical therapy applications. Among nanostructured materials, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are effectively used as nanocarriers for drug delivery systems. MSNs can be tailored-designed by different synthetic techniques. Their morphological characteristics dictate the type of application of such materials. Recently, polymer-based materials have been employed to functionalize the MSNs surface. These modified nanocarriers are loaded with the drug and can unload their “cargo” upon exposure to either endogenous or exogenous types of stimuli. In this study, different targeting concepts, including passive, active, vascular, nuclear, and …

Commencement Program 2020 (School Of Pharmacy), Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

2 | Message from the President

3 | Message from the Dean

4 | University History Highlights

6 | Candidates for Degrees

May / June 2020, Randy Curry, Cindy Brooks

RURAL ROCKS

Rural Rocks, the Rural Health Network newsletter by the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.

Experiences Applying Technology To Overcome Common Challenges In Pharmacy Practice-Based Research In The United States, Stephanie A. Gernant, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde, Matthew M. Murawski, Heather A. Jaynes, Betty A. Chewning, Lyndee M. Knox, Moises Martinez Iii, Jon C. Schommer, Margie E. Snyder

Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

Despite the importance of pharmacy practice-based research in generating knowledge that results in better outcomes for patients, health systems and society alike, common challenges to PPBR persist. Herein, we authors describe PPBR challenges our research teams have encountered, and our experiences using technology-driven solutions to overcome such challenges. Notably, limited financial resources reduce the time available for clinicians and researchers to participate in study activities; therefore, resource allocation must be optimized. We authors have also encountered primary data collection challenges due to unique data needs and data access/ownership issues. Moreover, we have experienced a wide geographic dispersion of study practices …

Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery For The Treatment Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Vt Anju, Madhu Dyavaiah, Siddhardha Busi, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than …

Are We Meeting The Demand For Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs During Postgraduate Training-Year 1 (Pgy1)?, Edo-Abasi U. Mcgee, Arrington D Mason-Callaway, Brent L. Rollins

PCOM Scholarly Works

In the United States of America, pharmacists play a pivotal role in antimicrobial stewardship; training from postgraduate residency may hone knowledge and skills gained from didactic pharmacy education. Specifically, the first year of postgraduate training, the learner may become an "everyday steward in training" and may go on to complete a second year in infectious diseases. However, there are a limited number of second year infectious diseases programs. The current demand for pharmacist to participate in and or lead stewardship is disproportionate to available specialized training. The first year of post-graduate training has to be setup to ensure appropriate preparation, …

Rapamycin Treatment Correlates Changes In Primary Cilia Expression With Cell Cycle Regulation In Epithelial Cells, Maha Jamal, Ane C.F. Nunes, Nosratola D. Vaziri, Ramani Ramchandran, Robert L. Bacallao, Andromeda M. Nauli, Surya M. Nauli

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Primary cilia are sensory organelles that regulate cell cycle and signaling pathways. In addition to its association with cancer, dysfunction of primary cilia is responsible for the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and other ciliopathies. Because the association between cilia formation or length and cell cycle or division is poorly understood, we here evaluated their correlation in this study. Using Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) technique, we showed that PKD and the cancer/tumorigenic epithelial cells PC3, DU145, and NL20-TA were associated with abnormal ploidy. We also showed that PKD and the cancer epithelia were highly proliferative. Importantly, the cancer epithelial cells …