Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Potential Roles Of Jamu For Covid-19: A Learn From The Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dwi Hartanti, Binar Asrining Dhiani, Shintia Lintang Charisma, Retno Wahyuningrum

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

As the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues while there is no drug and vaccine available, every effort to discover one should be considered. This review aimed to discuss the potential use of jamu, the Indonesian traditional herbal medicine, to deal with COVID-19 by following those of more-established traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The online literature search using the PubMed database, as well as the circulars from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, were carried out to collect data up to June 07, 2020. The use of TCM for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 has been officiated in the …

A Mini Review : Clinically Significant Potential Drug-Drug Interactions In Covid-19 And Comorbid Therapy, Ana Khusnul Faizah, Nani Wijayanti Dyah Nurrahman, Oki Nugraha Putra

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can be aggravated by comorbid diseases. In administering COVID-19 therapy, we need to consider potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) with comorbid drugs. Most patients with comorbid diseases get polypharmacy, therefore the risk of pDDIs increases. Potential drug-drug interactions can cause unwanted effects such as toxicity to death. There is no on-label therapy for COVID-19 but FDA has Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, ritonavir, and lopinavir. Some COVID-19 treatment potential drug-drug interactions have a level of severity C and D, so …

Sars-Cov-2: Virology And Drug Repurposing Approaches, Ratika Rahmasari, Heri Setiawan, Rezi Riadhi Syahdi, Ayun Arifianti, Marina Ika Irianti, Rani Sauriasari, Juliann Nzembi Makau, Muhareva Raekiansyah

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

An emerging coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent for the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has caused a worldwide social and economic disruption. Currently, no antiviral drugs with proven clinical efficacy, or vaccines for its prevention. Therefore, to combat the pandemic of this novel coronavirus, new effective treatments are urgently needed. In the process of traditional drug development, developing new drugs from scratch is a time- consuming process, requires high-investment, and is a high-risk process, which is impractical to face the immediate global challenge of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Drug repurposing strategy is one of the effective ways …

Remdesivir: Mechanism And Effectiveness For Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), Vina Neldi, Suharjono Suharjono

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a very serious health problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) has characterized this disease as a pandemic. Recommendations related to vaccines and drugs are not available yet because they are still in the clinical trial phase, and one of the superior drugs is remdesivir which has an antiviral activity. Several clinical trials of this drug are being carried out with the aim of evaluating its safety and efficacy in COVID-19 patients. There are two clinical trials with completed recruitment status, which are NCT04257656 and NCT04280705. NCT04257656 showed that remdesivir had faster time for clinical …

Dermaseptin-Based Antiviral Peptides To Prevent Covid-19 Through In Silico Molecular Docking Studies Against Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein, Taufik Muhammad Fakih

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

A pandemic coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The search for new drugs, especially by utilizing antiviral peptides is a very potential area. Through this study, protein-peptide docking and protein-protein docking simulations were conducted using in silico methods to identify, evaluate, and explore the molecular affinity and interaction of dermaseptin peptide molecules produced by frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein macromolecule, and its effect on attachment to the surface of the ACE-2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2) receptor. …

Cytokine Storm In Covid-19: An Overview, Mechanism, Treatment Strategies, And Stem Cell Therapy Perspective, Nuriza Ulul Azmi, Meidi Utami Puteri, Donny Lukmanto

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the highly transmittable novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The disease was found at the end of December 2019, in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread worldwide with a higher mortality rate compared to the previous coronavirus disease. Cytokine plays an important role in the inflammatory response against coronavirus infection. However, in severely ill patients with COVID-19, an excessive amount of cytokine serum level (cytokine storm) has been associated with the aggravation of coronavirus disease leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Thus, the management of the cytokine storm could be the key to …

Chloroquine: An Old To Be Repurposed Drug For Covid-19 Infection (Risk And Benefit), Oki Nugraha Putra, Ana Khusnul Faizah, Nani Wijayanti Dyah Nurrahman, Hardiyono Hardiyono

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a high rate of mortality. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been used for antimalarial and autoimmune diseases for many years. Due to low toxicity and well tolerability as well as immunomodulatory properties, these drugs are proposed to treat viral infection. Some studies, both in vitro and in a clinical setting, have been evaluated for their ability to treat SARS- CoV-2 as promising therapies. Although The National Agency of Drugs and Food Control of The Republic of Indonesia issued emergency authorization for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to be used against …

Prediction Of Asiatic Acid Derivatives Affinity Against Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Using Molecular Docking, Ida Musfiroh, Alia Resti Azura, Driyanti Rahayu

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

COVID-19 is a pandemic that currently occurs in almost all parts of the world, caused by a new coronavirus species that can infect humans, namely SARS-CoV-2. To date, there is no effective drug to treat COVID-19. There are studies proving that the secondary metabolites of pentacyclic triterpenes have antiviral activity, one of which is asiatic acid. The aims of this study are to obtain the affinity and interactions of asiatic acid derivative structures in inhibiting the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. The research method was molecular docking of asiatic acid and its derivatives against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (6LU7) consisting …

Expanding Pharmacotherapy Data Collection, Analysis, And Implementation In Eras® Programs—The Methodology Of An Exploratory Feasibility Study, Eric Johnson, Richard Parrish Ii, Gregg Nelson, Kevin Elias, Brian Kramer, Marian Gaviola

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Surgical organizations dedicated to the improvement of patient outcomes have led to a worldwide paradigm shift in perioperative patient care. Since 2012, the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS^®) Society has published guidelines pertaining to perioperative care in numerous disciplines including elective colorectal and gynecologic/oncology surgery patients. The ERAS^® and ERAS-USA^® Societies use standardized methodology for collecting and assessing various surgical parameters in real-time during the operative process. These multi-disciplinary groups have constructed a bundled framework of perioperative care that entails 22 specific components of clinical interventions, which are logged in a central database, allowing a system …

The Apoptotic Effect Of Gsk-3 Inhibitors: Bio And Chir 98014 On H1975 Lung Cancer Cells Through Ros Generation And Mitochondrial Dysfunction., Theodore Lemuel Mathuram, Thiagarajan Venkatesan, Jayanta Das, Umamaheswari Natarajan, Appu Rathinavelu

HPD Articles

OBJECTIVE: GSK-3 has been reported to be upregulated in malignant diseases, including lung cancers, thus suggesting it to be a valid target for cancer treatment. The study elucidates the possible mechanism involved in the ability of GSK-3 inhibitors: BIO and CHIR 98014 to regulate proteins involved in cell death of H1975 lung cancer cells.

RESULTS: BIO and CHIR 98014 successfully induced apoptosis at lower concentrations in H1975 cells but not in H460 lung cancer cells. Moreover, increased ROS generation and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential were observed in both treatments. Cleavage of caspase-3 was observed in both BIO and CHIR …

Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, And Combination In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Samia Arshad, Paul Kilgore, Zohra S. Chaudhry, Gordon Jacobsen, Dee Dee Wang, Kylie Huitsing, Indira Brar, George J. Alangaden, Mayur S. Ramesh, John E. Mckinnon, William O'Neill, Marcus Zervos, Henry Ford Covid-19 Task Force

Department of Pharmacy Practice

Significance: The United States is in an acceleration phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently there is no known effective therapy or vaccine for treatment of SARS-CoV-2, highlighting urgency around identifying effective therapies.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of hydroxychloroquine therapy alone and in combination with azithromycin in hospitalized patients positive for COVID-19.

Design: Multi-center retrospective observational study.

Setting: The Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) in Southeast Michigan: large six hospital integrated health system; the largest of hospitals is an 802-bed quaternary academic teaching hospital in urban Detroit, Michigan.

Participants: Consecutive patients hospitalized with a …

Screening For More Than 1,000 Pesticides And Environmental Contaminants In Cannabis By Gc/Q-Tof, Philip L. Wylie, Jessica Westland, Mei Wang, Mohamed M. Radwan

Faculty and Student Publications

A method has been developed to screen cannabis extracts for more than 1,000 pesticides and environmental pollutants using a gas chromatograph coupled to a high-resolution accurate mass quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC/Q-TOF). An extraction procedure was developed using acetonitrile with solid phase extraction cleanup. Before analysis, extracts were diluted 125:1 with solvent. Two data mining approaches were used together with a retention-time-locked Personal Compound Database and Library (PCDL) containing high-resolution accurate mass spectra for pesticides and other environmental pollutants. (1) A Find-by-Fragments (FbF) software tool extracts several characteristic exact mass ions within a small retention time window where the compound …

Prion Protein Lowering Is A Disease-Modifying Therapy Across Prion Disease Stages, Strains And Endpoints, Eric Vallabh Minikel, Hien T. Zhao, Jason Le, Jill O'Moore, Rose Pitstick, Samantha Graffam, George A. Carlson, Michael P. Kavanaugh

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Lowering of prion protein (PrP) expression in the brain is a genetically validated therapeutic hypothesis in prion disease. We recently showed that antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated PrP suppression extends survival and delays disease onset in intracerebrally prion-infected mice in both prophylactic and delayed dosing paradigms. Here, we examine the efficacy of this therapeutic approach across diverse paradigms, varying the dose and dosing regimen, prion strain, treatment timepoint, and examining symptomatic, survival, and biomarker readouts. We recapitulate our previous findings with additional PrP-targeting ASOs, and demonstrate therapeutic benefit against four additional prion strains. We demonstrate that

Hybrid Cyclic/Linear Peptides In A Multi-Component Lipid Structure As A Sirna Delivery System, Abdulaziz Alasmari

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

Delivering siRNA is challenging due to many obstacles, such as extremely short in vivo half-life, rapid elimination via glomerular filtration, and inability to cross cell membranes due to the hydrophilic and negatively-charged nature. Thus, a delivery system is needed to deliver the siRNA into the cells by crossing the negatively-charged phospholipid cell membrane. The goal of this project was to design hybrid cyclic-linear peptides as siRNA delivery system. We designed and synthesized hybrid cyclic-linear peptides [R5K]W5, [R6K]W6, and [R5K]W7 containing positively-charged arginine residues attached to hydrophobic tryptophan chains for more efficient interaction with siRNA and to improve siRNA internalization into …

Sex-Specific Modulation Of Blood Pressure And The Renin-Angiotensin System By Ace (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) 2, Hong Ji, Aline M. De Souza, Bilkish Bajaj, Wei Zheng, Xie Wu, Robert C. Speth, Kathryn Sandberg

HPD Articles

We showed ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) 2 is higher in the kidney of male compared with female mice. To further investigate this sex difference, we examined the role of ACE2 in Ang-[1-8] (angiotensin [1-8])-induced hypertension and regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in the kidney of WT (wild type) and Ace2 KO (knockout) mice. Mean arterial pressure rose faster in WT male than WT female mice after Ang-[1-8] infusion. This sex difference was attenuated in ACE2 KO mice. Ang-[1-8] infusion reduced glomerular AT1R (angiotensin type 1 receptor) binding in WT female mice by 30%, and deletion of abolished this effect. In contrast, …

Design And Evaluation Of Peptide Lipid-Associated Nucleic Acids (Planas) For Sirna And Crispr/Cas9 Delivery And Protein Silencing, Ryley Hall

Pharmaceutical Sciences (MS) Theses

Breast cancer affects 1 in 8 women in the United States. The American Cancer Society has estimated that in 2020 about 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in women. Cancer research has taken a turn in the last several decades to focus on new approaches to combat the disease. This project focuses on two approaches, siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 that can have potential applications in cancer research.

The first approach is a specific type of RNA interference (RNAi) that has been pursued due to its therapeutic potential in cancer research. In short, siRNA delivery is a method …

Nanoceria Distribution And Effects Are Mouse-Strain Dependent, Robert A. Yokel, Michael T. Tseng, D. Allan Butterfield, Matthew L. Hancock, Eric A. Grulke, Jason M. Unrine, Arnold J. Stromberg, Alan K. Dozier, Uschi M. Graham

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Prior studies showed nanoparticle clearance was different in C57BL/6 versus BALB/c mice, strains prone to Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively. Objective: Assess nanoceria (cerium oxide, CeO₂ nanoparticle) uptake time course and organ distribution, cellular and oxidative stress, and bioprocessing as a function of mouse strain. Methods: C57BL/6 and BALB/c female mice were i.p. injected with 10 mg/kg nanoceria or vehicle and terminated 0.5 to 24 h later. Organs were collected for cerium analysis; light and electron microscopy with elemental mapping; and protein carbonyl, IL-1β, and caspase-1 determination. Results: Peripheral organ cerium significantly increased, generally more …

Beyond Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms: Cyp3a5∗3 ∗6 ∗7 Composite And Abcb1 Haplotype Associations To Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics In Black And White Renal Transplant Recipients, Daniel A. Brazeau, Kristopher Attwood, Calvin J. Meaney, Gregory E. Wilding, Joseph D. Consiglio, Shirley S. Chang, Aijaz Gundroo, Rocco C. Venuto, Louise Cooper, Kathleen M. Tornatore

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Interpatient variability in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics is attributed to metabolism by cytochrome P-450 3A5 (CYP3A5) isoenzymes and membrane transport by P-glycoprotein. Interpatient pharmacokinetic variability has been associated with genotypic variants for both CYP3A5 or ABCB1. Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics was investigated in 65 stable Black and Caucasian post-renal transplant patients by assessing the effects of multiple alleles in both CYP3A5 and ABCB1. A metabolic composite based upon the CYP3A5 polymorphisms: ^∗3(rs776746), ^∗6(10264272), and ^∗7(41303343), each independently responsible for loss of protein expression was used to classify patients as extensive, intermediate and poor metabolizers. In addition, the …

Synthesis And Biological Activities Of Imidazolium Acridines And Their Silver Complexes, H S Sharhan Olla

Student Works (2020-2029)

In the present study, a series of acridine-based imidazolium ligands were synthesized by the Menshutkin reaction and used for the preparation of the silver complexes. The structures were established using NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry. The purity of the ligands was confirmed by CHN elemental analysis, while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was applied for the silver complexes. In view of the luminescent behaviour of acridine, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra were recorded for ligands and complexes. However, low water solubility constrains potential application as analytical probe. Preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity screenings were performed using an MTT …

July / August 2020, Randy Curry, Cindy Brooks

RURAL ROCKS

Rural Rocks, the Rural Health Network newsletter by the SWOSU College of Pharmacy.

Lc-Ms Based Stability-Indicating Method For Studying The Degradation Of Lonidamine Under Physical And Chemical Stress Conditions, Ankit K. Rochani, Margaret A. Wheatley, Brian Oeffinger, John R. Eisenbrey, Gagan Kaushal

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Background and purpose: Lonidamine is a hexokinase II inhibitor, works as an anticancer molecule, and is extensively explored in clinical trials. Limited information prevails about the stability-indicating methods which could determine the forced degradation of lonidamine under stressed conditions. Hence, we report the use of a rapid, sensitive, reproducible, and highly accurate liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry method to analyze lonidamine degradation. Experimental approach: The Xbridge BEH shield reverse phase C18 column (2.5 μm, 4.6 × 75 mm) using isocratic 50:50 water: acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid can detect lonidamine with help of mass spectrometer in tandem with an ultraviolet …

Hyperkalemia Secondary To Prophylactic Heparin Use In A Trauma Patient: Case Report, Marco Custodio, Errington C. Thompson

Marshall Journal of Medicine

This case report describes a complex trauma patient who develops hyperkalemia secondary to heparin. Heparin is a commonly used drug in trauma patients. Physicians need to be aware of this potentially harmful adverse reaction in these high-risk patients.

A Sound Approach: Hydroxychloroquine Reduces Mortality In Severe Covid-19, Marcus Zervos, Samia Arshad, Paul Kilgore, Zohra S. Chaudhry, Gordon Jacobsen, Dee Dee Wang, Kylie Huitsing, Indira Brar, George J. Alangaden, Mayur S. Ramesh, John E. Mckinnon, William O'Neill

Department of Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

Prospects For Rnai Therapy Of Covid-19, Hasan Uludağ, Kylie Parent, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi, Azita Haddadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a fast emerging disease with deadly consequences. The pulmonary system and lungs in particular are most prone to damage caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection, which leaves a destructive footprint in the lung tissue, making it incapable of conducting its respiratory functions and resulting in severe acute respiratory disease and loss of life. There were no drug treatments or vaccines approved for SARS-CoV-2 at the onset of pandemic, necessitating an urgent need to develop effective therapeutics. To this end, the innate RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism can be employed to develop front line therapies against …

Application Of Enzymes In Regioselective And Stereoselective Organic Reactions, Ruipu Mu, Zhaoshuai Wang, Max C. Wamsley, Colbee N. Duke, Payton H. Lii, Sarah E. Epley, London C. Todd, Patty J. Roberts

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Nowadays, biocatalysts have received much more attention in chemistry regarding their potential to enable high efficiency, high yield, and eco-friendly processes for a myriad of applications. Nature’s vast repository of catalysts has inspired synthetic chemists. Furthermore, the revolutionary technologies in bioengineering have provided the fast discovery and evolution of enzymes that empower chemical synthesis. This article attempts to deliver a comprehensive overview of the last two decades of investigation into enzymatic reactions and highlights the effective performance progress of bio-enzymes exploited in organic synthesis. Based on the types of enzymatic reactions and enzyme commission (E.C.) numbers, the enzymes discussed in …

Implementation Of Order Sets For Opioid Alternatives In Community Hospital Emergency Departments., Jared Netley Pharmd, Mpa, Bcps, Bcccp, William Armstrong Pharmd, Bcps, Sarah Meeks Pharmd

Parkview Pharmacy Department

PURPOSE: The design and implementation of alternatives to opioids (ALTO) order sets for the treatment of acute pain in a community health system's emergency departments are described.

SUMMARY: Healthcare institutions nationwide have incorporated policies and procedures to assist prescribers in the safe and effective management of pain. These adopted approaches may be targeted at mitigating opioid prescribing as well as promoting the optimization of nonopioid analgesics. Institutions that enact innovations and track outcomes may be eligible for reimbursement through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Merit-based Incentive Payment System. Emergency departments may monitor implementation progress and outcomes through participation …

Psychedelics: A Window To Mental Illness; Psilocybin And Depression, Kiomary Rivera Quintana

College of Pharmacy Student Research

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Biased And Balanced Salvinorin A Analogs In Preclinical Models Of Pain, Kelly F. Paton, Andrew Biggerstaff, Sophia Kaska, Rachel S. Crowley, Anne C. La Flamme, Thomas E. Prisinzano, Bronwyn M. Kivell

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

In the search for safer, non-addictive analgesics, kappa opioid receptor (KOPr) agonists are a potential target, as unlike mu-opioid analgesics, they do not have abuse potential. Salvinorin A (SalA) is a potent and selective KOPr agonist, however, clinical utility is limited by the short duration of action and aversive side effects. Biasing KOPr signaling toward G-protein activation has been highlighted as a key cellular mechanism to reduce the side effects of KOPr agonists. The present study investigated KOPr signaling bias and the acute antinociceptive effects and side effects of two novel analogs of SalA, 16-Bromo SalA and 16-Ethynyl SalA. 16-Bromo …

Research News. Publications, 2020. Volume 2, Soumyajit Majumdar

Publications (2015-)

Publications that appeared during the period April 1 through June 30, 2020

Research News. Grants, 2020. Volume 2, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during April - June 2020