Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Placental Expression Of Estrogen Receptor Beta And Its Hormone Binding Variant – Comparison With Estrogen Receptor Alpha And A Role For Estrogen Receptors In Asymmetric Division And Differentiation Of Estrogen-Dependent Cells, Antonin Bukovsky, Michael R. Caudle, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Romaine I. Fernando, Jay Wimalasena, James S. Foster, Donald C. Henley, Robert F. Elder

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology

During human pregnancy, the production of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) rises steadily to eighty fold at term, and placenta has been found to specifically bind estrogens. We have recently demonstrated the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) protein in human placenta and its localization in villous cytotrophoblast (CT), vascular pericytes, and amniotic fibroblasts. In vitro, E2 stimulated development of large syncytiotrophoblast (ST) aggregates. In the present study we utilized ER-beta affinity purified polyclonal (N19:sc6820) and ER-alpha monoclonal (clone h-151) antibodies. Western blot analysis revealed a single ~52 kDa ER-beta band in chorionic villi (CV) protein extracts. In CV, strong cytoplasmic ER-beta immunoreactivity …

Toxicity Potential Of Aqueous Kava Extracts On Liver Function Tests In Rats, Ashwini K. Devkota

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Kava, prepared as the traditional aqueous infusion, was tested in the rat for possible effects on liver function tests. Extracts were administered in dosages containing 200 or 500 mg of the active kavalactones per kg for two or four weeks. Sera were assayed for four enzymes that are markers of liver toxicity and liver homogenates for malondiadehyde formation that indicates changes in lipid peroxidation. The data showed that none of the enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase, nor malondialdehyde levels were elevated, in fact in some cases they were significantly reduced, suggesting the lack of a …

Placental Expression Of Estrogen Receptor Beta And Its Hormone Binding Variant – Comparison With Estrogen Receptor Alpha And A Role For Estrogen Receptors In Asymmetric Division And Differentiation Of Estrogen-Dependent Cells, Antonin Bukovsky, Michael R. Caudle, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Romaine I. Fernando, Jay Wimalasena, James S. Foster, Donald C. Henley, Robert F. Elder

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

During human pregnancy, the production of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) rises steadily to eighty fold at term, and placenta has been found to specifically bind estrogens. We have recently demonstrated the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) protein in human placenta and its localization in villous cytotrophoblast (CT), vascular pericytes, and amniotic fibroblasts. In vitro, E2 stimulated development of large syncytiotrophoblast (ST) aggregates. In the present study we utilized ER-beta affinity purified polyclonal (N19:sc6820) and ER-alpha monoclonal (clone h-151) antibodies. Western blot analysis revealed a single ~52 kDa ER-beta band in chorionic villi (CV) protein extracts. In CV, strong cytoplasmic ER-beta immunoreactivity …

Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter Family Members From Leishmania Donovani Are Electrogenic Proton Symporters, Alex Stein, Gayatri Vaseduvan, Nicola S. Carter, Buddy Ullman, Scott M. Landfear, Michael Kavanaugh

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Leishmania donovani express two members of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter family; LdNT1 encoded by two closely related and linked genes, LdNT1.1 and LdNT1.2, that transport adenosine and pyrimidine nucleosides and LdNT2 that transports inosine and guanosine exclusively. LdNT1.1, LdNT1.2, and LdNT2 have been expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and found to be electrogenic in the presence of nucleoside ligands for which they mediate transport. Further analysis revealed that ligand uptake and transport currents through LdNT1-type transporters are proton-dependent. In addition to the flux of protons that is coupled to the transport reaction, LdNT1 transporters mediate a variable constitutive proton …

Novel Approaches To Visualization And Data Mining Reveals Diagnostic Information In The Low Amplitude Region Of Serum Mass Spectra From Ovarian Cancer Patients, Donald J. Johann, Michael D. Mcguigan, Stanimire Tomov, Vincent A. Fusaro, Sally Ross, Thomas P. Conrads, Timothy D. Veenstra, David A. Fishman, Gordon R. Whiteley, Emanuel F. Petricoin, Lance A. Liotta

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The ability to identify patterns of diagnostic signatures in proteomic data generated by high throughput mass spectrometry (MS) based serum analysis has recently generated much excitement and interest from the scientific community. These data sets can be very large, with high-resolution MS instrumentation producing 1-2 million data points per sample. Approaches to analyze mass spectral data using unsupervised and supervised data mining operations would greatly benefit from tools that effectively allow for data reduction without losing important diagnostic information. In the past, investigators have proposed approaches where data reduction is performed by a priori "peak picking" and alignment/warping/smoothing components using …

The Use Of Urine Proteomic And Metabonomic Patterns For The Diagnosis Of Interstitial Cystitis And Bacterial Cystitis, Que N. Van, John R. Klose, David A. Lucas, Darue A. Prieto, Brian Luke, Jack Collins, Stanley K. Burt, Gwendolyn N. Chmurny, Haleem J. Issaq, Thomas P. Conrads, Timothy D. Veenstra, Susan K. Keay

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The advent of systems biology approaches that have stemmed from the sequencing of the human genome has led to the search for new methods to diagnose diseases. While much effort has been focused on the identification of disease-specific biomarkers, recent efforts are underway toward the use of proteomic and metabonomic patterns to indicate disease. We have developed and contrasted the use of both proteomic and metabonomic patterns in urine for the detection of interstitial cystitis (IC). The methodology relies on advanced bioinformatics to scrutinize information contained within mass spectrometry (MS) and high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectral patterns to …

Diagnostic Proteomics: Serum Proteomic Patterns For The Detection Of Early Stage Cancers, Li-Rong Yu, Ming Zhou, Thomas P. Conrads, Timothy D. Veenstra

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The ability to interrogate thousands of proteins found in complex biological samples using proteomic technologies has brought the hope of discovering novel disease-specific biomarkers. While most proteomic technologies used to discover diagnostic biomarkers are quite sophisticated, "proteomic pattern analysis" has emerged as a simple, yet potentially revolutionary, method for the early diagnosis of diseases. Utilizing this technology, hundreds of clinical samples can be analyzed per day and several preliminary studies suggest proteomic pattern analysis has the potential to be a novel, highly sensitive diagnostic tool for the early detection of cancer.

Anti-Nociceptive And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of The Methanol Extract Of Annona Senegalensis Root Bark, B. Adzu, Samson Amos, M. Adamu, K. S. Gamaniel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Objective: To investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Annona senegalensis in mice and rats. Materials and Methods: The analgesic effects of the methanolic extract were studied using acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate test and formalin test, while the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using the egg-albumin induced hind paw oedema in rats. Results: The methanolic extract exhibited antinociceptive activity against the acetic acid writhing test, hot plate test and the late phase of formaline induced nociception and significant anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of the methanolic extract might be through peripheral mechanisms and thus justifying its …

Evaluation Of 10-Fold Cross Validation And Prediction Error Sums Of Squares Statistic For Population Pharmacokinetic Model Validation, Shibani Harite

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

It was the objective of the current study to evaluate the ability of 10-fold cross validation and prediction error sum of squares (PRESS) statistic to identify population pharmacokinetic models (PPKM) that were estimated from data without influence observations versus PPKMs from data containing influence observations. The evaluation of 10-fold cross validation and PRESS statistic from Leave-one-out cross-validation for PPK model validation was performed in 3 Phases. In Phase 1 model parameters (theta and clearance) were estimated for datasets with and without influence observations. It was found that influence observations caused an over-estimation of the model parameters.

What Are The Elements Of A Successful Training Model, As Perceived By Global Corporate Security Heads Working In The Ethical Pharmaceutical Industry?, Kevin P. Schatzle

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Rising Prescription Drug Costs: What Is Involved And What Can Be Done?, James Carroll

Maine Policy Review

The rapid rise of prescription drug costs in the United States has triggered heated debate at the federal and state levels about how to control costs and expand access for those in need. In part, the United States finds itself in this situation because, unlike most countries throughout the world, the federal government thus far has refused to exact federal price restrictions on pharmaceutical products. James Carroll argues that this has left each state in the difficult position of trying to leverage lower costs and expanded access for its citizens. In this article, Carroll provides an overview of these attempts, …

Health Professions Division Catalog 2003-2004, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Quality Assessment Of A Collaborative Approach For Decreasing Drug-Related Morbidity And Achieving Therapeutic Goals, Brian J. Issetts, Lawrence M. Brown, Stephen W. Schondelmeyer, Lois A. Lenarz

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background Collaboration between physicians and pharmacists is one approach to address drug-related morbidity and achieve therapeutic goals. A collaborative practice of pharmaceutical care has been used in the Fairview Clinics System of Minneapolis-St Paul since 1999.

Methods The quality of therapeutic determinations made by pharmacists within this collaborative practice of pharmaceutical care was studied by a 12-member panel of physicians and pharmacists who used randomly selected patient records. This was a quality improvement and care process validation component of a study evaluating the effects of drug therapy management in patients receiving prepaid medical assistance. An implicit review process was used …

Price Of Pharmaceuticals, Value, R&D, And Intergenerational Equity, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"A few issues are more debated today than the price of pharmaceuticals. The debate is prompted by the lack of drug access for the world's population, the high expenditures of pharmaceutical companies in marketing and profits, and the need for research and development of new drugs."

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses, Jeffery A. Goad, J Nguyen

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) viruses are diverse and include arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, filoviruses, and flaviviruses. Lassa fever, South American hemorrhagic fever (HF), Rift Valley HF, Crimean-Congo HF, Ebola, Marburg, yellow fever, and dengue fever are well known examples of the hemorrhagic fever viruses. They are often difficult to diagnose and treat resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Transmission varies from vector borne to person-to-person. The common clinical presentation includes fever, myalgia, microvascular damage, and hemorrahage as well as a history of travel to the tropics. If VHF is suspected, strict infection control procedures must be implemented to prevent the spread of …

Angiotensin Ii Enhances Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling Via Ca2+/Calmodulin. Gq-Gs Cross-Talk Regulates Collagen Production In Cardiac Fibroblasts, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Jennifer E. Naugle, Miki Hase, Caroline Gregorian, James S. Swaney, Paul A. Insel, Laurence L. Brunton, J. Gary Meszaros

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Cardiac fibroblasts regulate formation of extracellular matrix in the heart, playing key roles in cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy. In this study, we sought to characterize cross-talk between Gq and Gs signaling pathways and its impact on modulating collagen synthesis by cardiac fibroblasts. Angiotensin II (ANG II) activates cell proliferation and collagen synthesis but also potentiates cyclic AMP (cAMP) production stimulated by β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR). The potentiation of β-AR-stimulated cAMP production by ANG II is reduced by phospholipase C inhibition and enhanced by overexpression of Gq. Ionomycin and thapsigargin increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and potentiated isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated cAMP production, whereas …

Human Cytomegalovirus Chemokine Receptor Us28-Induced Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Is Mediated By Focal Adhesion Kinase And Src, Daniel N. Streblow, Jennifer Totonchy, Patsy Smith, Ryan Melnychuk, Laurel Hall, Dora Pancheva, Martine Smit, Paola Casarosa, David D. Schlaepfer, Jay A. Nelson

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The human cytomegalovirus-encoded chemokine receptor US28 induces arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in this process are unclear. We have previously shown that US28-mediated SMC migration occurs by a ligand-dependent process that is sensitive to proteintyrosine kinase inhibitors. We demonstrate here that US28 signals through the non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and that this activity is necessary for US28-mediated SMC migration. In the presence of RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), US28 stimulates the production of a FAK Src kinase complex. Interestingly, Src co-immunoprecipitates with US28 in …

Hypertonic Stress Co-Stimulates T Cell Il-2 Expression Through A Feedback Mechanism Involving Atp Release And P2 Receptor Activation Of P38 Map Kinase, William H. Loomis, Sachiko Namiki, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Paul A. Insel, Wolfgang G. Junger

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Hypertonic stress (HS) can alter the function of mammalian cells. We have reported that HS enhances differentiated responses of T cells by increasing their ability to produce interleukin (IL)-2, a finding of clinical interest because hypertonic infusions may modulate immune function in patients. HS shrinks cells and mechanically deforms membranes, which results in ATP release from many cell types. Here we investigate if ATP release is an underlying mechanism through which HS augments T cell function. We found that mechanical stress and HS induced rapid ATP release from Jurkat T cells. HS and exogenous ATP mobilized intracellular Ca2+, activated p38 …