Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Effectiveness Of Targeted Umbilical Cord Drug Screening In Determining Risk Of Withdrawal, Alecia Karr

DNP Projects

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a condition in which an infant experiences withdrawal from uterine exposure to various substances such as caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, THC, opioids, benzodiazepines, and other types of substances. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, these infants may experience a longer hospital stay and may need treatment and monitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), resulting in an increase in healthcare costs. The objective of this project was to determine if targeted drug screening of newborns was effective in determining infants at risk of NAS based on a positive screening result. This study utilized a …

Evaluating Providers’ Perceptions On Preconception Care For Women With Sud, Corinna Hughes

DNP Projects

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) has become an epidemic. Women of reproductive age with SUDs have particularly complex healthcare needs including an increased risk of having an unintended pregnancy and associated sequela of negative birth outcomes (NBO). Little is known about how medication assisted treatment (MAT) providers are adequately addressing their unique needs. Identifying provider barriers and tools to address the reproductive needs of women with SUDs can optimize their health outcomes and prevent NBOs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate MAT Nurse Practitioners’ (NPs) knowledge and perceptions of providing preconception care to women with …

Anxiety And Depressive Symptoms Pre-Trauma As A Predictor Of Dissociative Symptoms Post-Trauma – An Aurora Study, Vishal Swaminathan

Phase 1

Introduction: Increased states of anxiety or depression may lead to increased occurrences of dissociative behavior, justifying the need to validate pre-traumatic cognitive states as a predictor of dissociation post-trauma. Early prediction can lead to medical intervention for high-risk patients and prevent potential adverse sequalae. The AURORA Study evaluates biomarkers and neuropsychological sequelae in patients immediately following traumatic events. We predict patients who suffered from depressive symptoms and anxiety prior to the traumatic event will experience increased dissociative symptoms post-trauma.

Methods: This study includes survey data collected at ED’s from survivors (n = 666) of traumatic motorized vehicle collisions (MVC) at …

Effects Of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome On Long-Term Growth Parameters, Ayoung Kim, Anastasiya Latushko, Md, Zubair H. Aghai, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Past studies have shown that babies with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) have lower weight, head circumference, and height at birth. This study aims to compare their growth at 9 and 18 months of age, and to compare growth parameter of NAS infants below 10th percentile to those above 10th percentile at birth.

Methods: In this retrospective review, 260 infants admitted to Jefferson Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between 2006 and 2018 were included. The weight, height, and head circumference at birth, 9 months, and 18 months were collected and correlated by Pearson correlation. The growth parameters of infants below …

ความเหนื่อยล้าและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับความเหนื่อยล้าของญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้าย, ชลดา แสงนาค

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษาครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยแบบเชิงพรรณนา ณ จุดเวลาใดเวลาหนึ่ง เพื่อศึกษาถึงความเหนื่อยล้าและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับความเหนื่อยล้าของญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้าย โดยมีกลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็นญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้าย เป็นบุคคลที่มีความสัมพันธ์ทางสายเลือดกับผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้ายจำนวน 194 คน เก็บข้อมูลระหว่างเดือนเมษายน ถึง เดือนมิถุนายน 2563 โดยคัดเลือกกลุ่มตัวอย่างจากแผนกผู้ป่วยนอก และที่คลินิกการแพทย์ผสมผสานผู้ป่วยมะเร็งและญาติ ณ โรงพยาบาลจุฬาภรณ์ ซึ่งมีคุณสมบัติตามที่กำหนด เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้ประกอบด้วย แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบสอบถามความเหนื่อยล้า แบบสอบถามภาวะทางสุขภาพกาย แบบสอบถามความเข้มแข็งในการมองโลก แบบสอบถามภาระในการดูแล และแบบสอบถามการสนับสนุนทางสังคม สถิติที่ใช้ได้แก่ สถิติเชิงพรรณนาเพื่อนำเสนอลักษณะทั่วไปของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง การแจกแจงจำนวน ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน สถิติเชิงอนุมานใช้อธิบายความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างตัวแปรปัจจัยส่วนบุคคลกับความเหนื่อยล้า และใช้สถิติวิเคราะห์ถดถอยพหุ เพื่อหาปัจจัยทำนายความเหนื่อยล้า โดยมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 ผลการศึกษาพบว่า กลุ่มตัวอย่างมีความเหนื่อยล้าโดยรวมอยู่ในระดับปานกลาง คิดเป็นร้อยละ 71.1 ซึ่งปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับความเหนื่อยล้าของญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้ายได้แก่ ชนิดมะเร็งของผู้ป่วย ชนิดการรักษาที่ผู้ป่วยได้รับตั้งแต่อดีตจนถึงปัจจุบัน จำนวนชั่วโมงที่ดูแลผู้ป่วย ลักษณะงานที่ช่วยดูแลผู้ป่วย ผู้ช่วยเหลือในการดูแลผู้ป่วย ภาวะทางสุขภาพกาย ความเข้มแข็งในการมองโลก ภาระในการดูแล และการสนับสนุนทางสังคม อีกทั้งการศึกษายังพบว่า ปัจจัยชนิดมะเร็งต่อมน้ำเหลือง การรักษาแบบประคับประคอง ชั่วโมงที่ให้การดูแลผู้ป่วย ภาวะทางสุขภาพกาย ปัจจัยภาระในการดูแล และปัจจัยการสนับสนุนทางสังคม ทั้ง 6 ตัวแปรสามารถทำนายความเหนื่อยล้าของญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้ายได้ร้อยละ 45.3 อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ การศึกษาครั้งนี้แสดงให้เห็นว่า จำนวนชั่วโมงที่ให้การดูแลผู้ป่วยน้อยกว่า 8 ชั่วโมงต่อวัน การลดลงของภาระในการดูแล การเพิ่มขึ้นของการรับรู้ภาวะทางสุขภาพกายของญาติผู้ดูแลรวมไปถึงการได้รับการสนับสนุนทางสังคม มีส่วนช่วยให้ญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยมะเร็งระยะสุดท้ายมีความเหนื่อยล้าจากการดูแลผู้ป่วยน้อยลง ผลการศึกษาครั้งนี้สามารถใช้เป็นข้อมูลให้บุคลากรทางการแพทย์หรือหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องพัฒนาแนวทางในการจัดการกับความเหนื่อยล้าและวางแผนในการช่วยเหลือทั้งผู้ป่วยและญาติผู้ดูแลได้อย่างเหมาะสมต่อไป

หน้าที่ทางสังคมและทักษะทางสังคมที่เกี่ยวข้องในผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าที่มารับการรักษาแผนกผู้ป่วยนอก จิตเวชศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, ณัฐอานนท์ ช่อคง

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาหน้าที่ทางสังคม ทักษะทางสังคมและปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับหน้าที่ทางสังคมของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าที่มารับการรักษา แผนกผู้ป่วยนอก จิตเวชศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย วิธีการศึกษา : การศึกษานี้เป็นการศึกษาเชิงพรรณนา โดยดำเนินการเก็บข้อมูลจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างซึ่งเป็นผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าที่มารับการรักษา แผนกผู้ป่วยนอก จิตเวชศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย จำนวน 150 ราย ที่มีอายุตั้งแต่ 18 ปีขึ้นไป โดยใช้เกณฑ์การวินิจฉัย DSM-5 ของโรคซึมเศร้าหลัก หรือโรคซึมเศร้าเรื้อรัง หรือโรคซึมเศร้าสองชนิดทับซ้อนกัน ตั้งแต่เดือนมิถุนายน ถึง ธันวาคม 2563 โดยให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างตอบแบบสอบถาม 5 ฉบับ ได้แก่ 1) แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล 2) แบบประเมินอาการซึมเศร้าฉบับภาษาไทย 3) แบบวัดทักษะทางสังคม 4) มาตรวัดการรู้ซึ้งถึงความรู้สึกของผู้อื่น และ 5) แบบประเมินหน้าที่ทางสังคมฉบับภาษาไทย และผู้วิจัยกรอกแบบกรอกข้อมูลทางการแพทย์ ทำการวิเคราะห์ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับหน้าที่ทางสังคมและทักษะทางสังคมของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้า โดยใช้สถิติทดสอบไคสแควร์ และทำการวิเคราะห์ความถดถอยโลจิสติกเพื่อหาปัจจัยทำนายความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคม โดยกำหนดระดับนัยสำคัญทางสถิติไว้ที่น้อยกว่า 0.05 ผลการศึกษา : ผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าส่วนใหญ่ (ร้อยละ 65.3) มีความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคม โดยมีค่าคะแนนเฉลี่ยของหน้าที่ทางสังคมเท่ากับ 11.37±4.14 ส่วนใหญ่มีทักษะทางสังคมอยู่ในระดับปานกลาง ปัจจัยที่มีความเกี่ยวข้องกับความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคม ได้แก่ การมีระดับทักษะทางสังคมต่ำมาก ถึง ต่ำ (p < 0.01) การมีโรคประจำตัวทางกาย (p < 0.05) การใช้สารเสพติด (p < 0.05) และความรุนแรงของโรคซึมเศร้าในระดับรุนแรง (p < 0.01) ปัจจัยทำนายความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคมของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าที่มารับการรักษา แผนกผู้ป่วยนอก จิตเวชศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย ได้แก่ ได้แก่ การมีโรคประจำตัวทางกาย (p < 0.01) ความรุนแรงของโรคซึมเศร้าในระดับรุนแรง (p < 0.01) และการมีระดับทักษะทางสังคมต่ำมาก ถึง ต่ำ (p < 0.01) สรุปผลการศึกษา : ผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้าส่วนใหญ่ (ร้อยละ 65.3) มีความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคม และส่วนใหญ่มีทักษะทางสังคมอยู่ในระดับปานกลาง มีการรับรู้ความรู้สึกผู้อื่นในระดับสูง และพบว่าการมีโรคประจำตัวทางกาย ความรุนแรงของโรคซึมเศร้าในระดับรุนแรง และการมีระดับทักษะทางสังคมต่ำมาก ถึง ต่ำ เป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความบกพร่องของหน้าที่ทางสังคมของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้า

Association Between Smartphone Addiction And Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic 2021 Among Inner Mongolia Medical University Students, The People's Republic Of China, Longlong Zhao

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Smartphone is currently playing a crucial role; consequently, many smartphone users have become addicted and eventually resulted in psychological problems. This study intends to assess an association between smartphone addition and mental health among students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. The researcher employed random sampling technique in data collection by having 500 students of Inner Mongolia Medical University. The questionnaires distributed cover such topics as demographic characteristics; smartphone use behaviors; smartphone addiction scale (SAS-SV) questionnaire; life experience during COVID-19 questionnaire and depression anxiety and stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire. As for data analysis, binary logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression for …

Mechanisms Of Value-Biased Prioritization In Fast Sensorimotor Decision Making, Kivilcim Afacan-Seref

Dissertations and Theses

In dynamic environments, split-second sensorimotor decisions must be prioritized according to potential payoffs to maximize overall rewards. The impact of relative value on deliberative perceptual judgments has been examined extensively, but relatively little is known about value-biasing mechanisms in the common situation where physical evidence is strong but the time to act is severely limited. This research examines the behavioral and electrophysiological indices of how value biases split-second perceptual decisions and the possible mechanisms underlying the process. In prominent decision models, a noisy but statistically stationary representation of sensory evidence is integrated over time to an action-triggering bound, and value-biases …

An Image Of Perfection

AWE (A Woman’s Experience)

No abstract provided.

Association Between Stigma, Psychological Distress, And Quality Of Life Among People Living With Hiv In Federal Territory Of Kuala Lumpur, Ibrahim Khairiah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Quality of life is an important component in the evaluation of the well-being of PLHIV. However, HIV stigma and psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress) continue to be a barrier to obtain a good quality of life among PLHIV globally. This study assesses the level of QOL, stigma and psychological distress among PLHIV in Kuala Lumpur by determining the association between QOL, stigma and psychological distress. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 305 PLHIV attendees of the infectious disease clinic in a teaching hospital, primary health clinic and three Community-Based Organisations (CBOs). The sampled respondents completed face to face interviews …

Prevalence And Determinants Of Tabacco Use Among Adolescents In Khartoum - Sudan, Mohammed Alshaikh Mohammed Othman

Student Works (2020-2029)

Globally, 25 million adolescents aged 13-15 years, smoke cigarettes while 13 million use smokeless tobacco. In 2014, 22.8% of adolescents had ever smoked cigarette in Sudan while current cigarette smokers were 4.5%; moreover, studies about shisha smoking and smokeless tobacco were limited in Sudan. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescents and to describe determinant factors associated with tobacco use. Descriptive school based cross-sectional study was conducted, and multistage random sampling was used to recruit participants from secondary schools in Khartoum State, Sudan. Self-administered questionnaire of Arabic version of Global Youth Tobacco …

The Association Between Connectedness Towards Religion, Family, And School, And The Symptoms Of Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Among Malaysian Adolescents, Samian Siti Sabariah

Student Works (2020-2029)

The unmet alignment between reality and expectation in addition to immaturity in the development of the prefrontal area means adolescents have tendencies to embark on poor decisions, making them vulnerable to acquiring mental health problems. Abiding by their religion and strong connections with family and school has been proven in European/Western nations to promote adolescent mental well-being, provide ventilation to release stress and protect the youngsters from acquiring anxiety and depression. Given the vast differences between European/Western social norms and Eastern culture, this study was conducted to examine the association between adolescent connectedness towards religion, family and school on the …

Childhood Anxiety, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And/Or Pharmacological Treatment, Jennifer S. Mccarthy

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Objective: Evaluate best practice in managing anxiety in the pediatric population, including both school age children and adolescents. This literature review compared pharmacological treatment and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)’s effectiveness on the management of anxiety within the pediatric population.

Background: Up to 25% of children in the United States are affected by a mental health disorder, anxiety being the most prevalent. Childhood anxiety can have a distressing impact on social, family, and academic functioning. If persisting into adulthood it increases the risk of developing other co-occurring mental health conditions, substance abuse issues, and contributes to impaired employment retention and socioeconomic …

The Efficacy Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In The Treatment Of Adults With Obesity, Hallie M. Tiffany

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Obesity is a complex condition increasing in prevalence and consequence throughout the United States and the world. Obesity is affected not only physiologically but by one’s psychological aspects of life. Obesity contributes to countless chronic health conditions and thus greatly impacts a person’s wellness. A literature review was conducted to identify the following if in obese adults the benefit of cognitive behavioral therapy for weight loss and/or maintenance. A total of 10 articles met inclusion criteria from searches from databases that included ProQuest, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PsycINFO as well as bibliography review. Level of evidence includes two articles that …

Mental Health Care Practitioners, Self-Care, And Men Who Are Postincarcerated, Aduke Mccoy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mental health practitioners often suffer physical exhaustion, burnout, and increased stress from providing care to postincarcerated men with elevated mental illness. When working in these high environments, helping professionals, may neglect self-care when caring for clients under stressful conditions. Neglected self-care can have adverse implications for both the patient and the mental health professional. The research question aligned with the purpose of this study was to understand what grounded theory that explains how mental health practitioners manage self-care while providing services to postincarcerated men with elevated mental illness. Self-care theory was used as a conceptual framework for this qualitative grounded …

Staff Instruction On Patient Health Questionnaire And Collaborative Care Model In Primary Care, Jennifer Carton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The DNP project examined the effectiveness of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Collaborative Care Model (CCM) as a practice protocol for patients suffering from depression in primary care to address the problem of a shortage in mental health specialists. Research reveals an increase in Americans suffering from depression. Many primary care clinics do not have a practice protocol in place to screen and manage depression. The project's purpose was to develop a lesson plan to instruct staff on the PHQ-9 and CCM to implement into their practice. The project questions were if the lesson plan developed by the …

Qualitative Inquiry Of Resilience In Veterans Transitioning To Civilian Life, Brenda D. Nicholson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This qualitative phenomenological research focused on the resilience of 10 veterans transitioning back to civilian life. An increase in suicide rates among veterans over the last 10 years has become a major concern for the U.S. Congress and Department of Defense (DoD). The theoretical frameworks guiding the study are Durkheim’s suicide theory, Lindenberg and Frey’s social production function theory, and Diener’s deindividuation theory. Many veterans have no self-awareness of their need for psychological and transitional assistance, leaving them vulnerable during a time of potentially increased and unfamiliar stress. Understanding the need for effective psychological adjustment and resilience in military members …

Mindfulness In Healthcare: Exploring The Gap Between Leadership Practice And Employee Burnout, Bryn Saunders

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A healthcare employee’s ability to provide proficient, or quality, care to patients is impeded by burnout. Previous studies showed high levels of burnout is a common problem in healthcare, indicating there is a lack of support for employee health. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether mindfulness training reduced burnout in healthcare professionals. The study focused on increasing knowledge between the leadership practices and programs used to improve healthcare proficiency by analyzing the relationship between mindfulness and three measures of burnout: sense of efficacy, depersonalization, and emotional exhaustion. The Western concept of mindfulness that emphasizes self-awareness and …

Depression And Awareness Of Mental Health Resources Among Minority And Non-Minority College Students, Henry David Browne

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Minority college students experience higher levels of psychological stress and depression, and lower utilization of mental health resources (MHR) compared to the general student population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and awareness of mental health services among college undergraduate minority and non-minority students, controlling for sex, interest in MHR information, and history of mental illness. The self-determination theory guided the study. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design using secondary survey data from the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). The NCHA dataset included 354,262 respondents from 52 self-selected U.S. colleges …

Community-Based Workers’ Treatment And Relationship With African American Men With Dual Diagnosis, André V. Haley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Helping professionals have a role as service providers when working with African American men with dual diagnosis and incarceration histories. The purpose of this qualitative single case study was to understand how helping professionals provided community-based treatment and established a helper/helpee relationship with this population of African American men. Hirschi’s social control theory provided the framework for the study. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data from 9 helping professionals who worked with this population in the Northeast United States. Yin’s 5-step model for case studies was used for data analysis and thematic coding. Findings indicated that professionals lacked competency …

Epidemiology Of Marijuana Use And Mental Health In The Context Of Changing Policies, David G. Harvey Ii

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is a growing body of evidence supporting the association between cannabis use and the development of mental health disorders, but few studies have addressed this association following the recent increase in marijuana legalization laws. Therefore, using the social ecological model and the self-medication theory of addiction as theoretical frameworks, the purpose of this retrospective database study was to assess the relationship between marijuana use and major depression and suicidal ideation in both adults and adolescents in 2008 and 2017. Data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health were analyzed using logistic regression at the p < .05 threshold for statistical significance. Results demonstrated positive, statistically significant relationships between marijuana use and both major depression and suicidal ideation for both adults and adolescents in both 2008 and 2017. Further, the strengths of these relationships generally increased between 2008 and 2017, coincident with the increase in marijuana legalization laws. These findings provide empirical support to the association between cannabis use and the development of mental health disorders, and that the strength of these associations is increasing following the increase in marijuana legalization laws. This study has important implication for positive social change by identifying significant relationships between cannabis use and the development of mental health disorders and revealing that these relationships are strengthening over time, coincident with the increase in marijuana legalization laws.

Veterans' Perceptions Of Behavioral Health Services For Posttraumatic Stress, Larence Kirby

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Behavioral health services exist for Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); yet, untreated diagnoses may lead to the risk of compromised behavioral health. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of OEF/OIF veterans regarding their decision to seek and retain behavioral health services for addressing PTSD. The research focus and questions were employed through the theoretical concepts of Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenological theory, Heider’s attribution theory, and Beck’s cognitive behavioral theory. In-person interviews were conducted to collect data from 8 OEF/OIF veterans who had encounters with behavioral …

African American College Students’ Attitudes Toward Help Seeking For Mental Health Illness, Sylvia Krow

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Past research has shown that African Americans are less likely to seek treatment for mental health illness compared to individuals in other ethnic groups. Research has also revealed that African American college students’ attitudes, perceptions, and stigmas against mental illness impacts their willingness to seek treatment for mental illness. The purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental, correlational study was to investigate the predictive relationships between ethnic identity, perceptions of mental illness, stigma and attitudes toward seeking professional help for mental illness among African American college students attending Historically Black colleges and universities. The research question addressed the predictive relationships between ethnic …

Treatment Interventions For Tobacco Cessation At An Inpatient Mental Health Facility, Stephanie Marie Stansell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death and disease in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 36.5% of adults with any mental illness use tobacco compared to 25.3% of adults without a mental illness; however, there are limited data to determine the best approaches for tobacco cessation among the mentally ill. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental study was to investigate the differences among 1-on-1 counseling versus group counseling in tobacco cessation rates among psychiatric patients aged 18 years old and older who were identified as a tobacco user upon admission to …

Exploring Young Opioid Users’ Motivation To Seek Treatment For Substance Use Disorder, Patricia Gianotti-Avella

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the past 15 years, the nonmedical use of opioids in the United States has reached epidemic proportions, resulting in a 21% increase in overdose fatalities. This surge in opioid use and dependence represents a shift in the demographic from inner-city populations over the age of 40 to young adults between the ages of 20 and 34 who dwell in primarily white suburban neighborhoods. Research has identified physicians’ liberal prescribing practices as one cause of this epidemic and has documented the ineffectiveness of current interventions with young addicts. The purpose of this narrative study was to gain insight into what …

Experiences Of Resiliency And Family Support In Older Women With Mental Illness, Dawn Harbin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lack of a support system for older females with mental illness may cause reduced resiliency skills and an increase in mental illness symptoms while they attempt to manage independent living. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the individual stories of older women living independently who suffer from a mental illness and have a support system. Social learning theory and self-efficacy theory provided the framework for the study. Data were collected from face-to-face interviews with 8 women ages 65-80 years who are in treatment at a mental health center in South Carolina. Findings from coding analysis showed that …

Experiences And Challenges Of Social Workers Working With Transitioning And Postmilitary Service Members Who Have Mental Health Issues, Joyce M. Hewitt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Active duty service members, veterans, and their family members are faced with a myriad of problems including mental health issues, substance abuse issues, traumatic brain injury, suicide, family integration issues, and family distress. Understanding the organizational, environmental, and person-centered factors that affect the delivery of mental health care treatment to active duty service members, veterans, and their families is urgent to this unique population for social work practitioners (licensed master, advanced, & clinical). This project explored the experiences and challenges that social work practitioners (licensed master, advanced, & clinical) have in providing effective services for mental health care treatment to …

Mental Health Professional Perceptions Of Barriers To Fidelity For Empirically- Supported Treatments, Chris Streidl

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

It is estimated that one in five adults in the United State of America experience mental illness in a given year. When mental health organizations implement empirically-supported treatments but fail to maintain them, it can result in individuals not being provided the services that they need. The purpose of this study was to identify perceived barriers to maintaining fidelity for empirically-supported mental health treatments. The study utilized a quantitative cross-sectional correlational research design (N = 154) and the Perception of Barriers Scale (PBS) was developed to measure perceived barriers to maintaining fidelity for empirically-supported treatments. Bandura’s social cognitive theory as …

The Relationship Between Mental Illness And Mass Shooting, Priscilla Ngozi Chukwueke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractWhenever a mass shooting occurs, it impacts the immediate families of the perpetrator, victims, and the whole nation: emotionally and financially. The research on the association between mental illness (MI) and mass shooting fatalities is limited. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore the association between MI and mass shooting using the archival data of the Stanford University database of mass shootings in America from 2000 to 2016. The theoretical framework was based on Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological theory and the cognitive-behavioral theory to explain socio-environmental factors that impact human growth and development. The results showed that the proportion …

Barriers That Influence The Underuse Of Mental Health Services By African Americans Diagnosed With Schizophrenia, Pamela Gail Stackhouse-Hinsey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African Americans diagnosed with schizophrenia have longer wait times to be treated by mental health care professionals, resulting in their underuse of mental health services. This problem has motivated medical professionals to reexamine the ways in which services are rendered and then make appropriate improvements. The purpose of the study was to explore the lived experiences of African Americans diagnosed with schizophrenia and identify the reasons for their underuse of mental health services. A phenomenological research design was used to understand and explore the participants’ lived experiences of the phenomenon. Participants were recruited from an independent living facility. Purposive sampling …