Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease Burden And Nirsevimab Effectiveness In Young Children From 2023-2024, Heidi L Moline, Ariana P Toepfer, Ayzsa Tannis, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Mary A Staat, Natasha B Halasa, Julie A Boom, Eileen J Klein, John V Williams, Jennifer E Schuster, Leah Goldstein, Erin R Mckeever, Casey Kalman, Clinton Paden, Lydia Atherton, Megha Aggarwal, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Pedro A Piedra, Leila C Sahni, Laura S Stewart, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Marian G Michaels, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Peter G Szilagyi, Janet A Englund, Benjamin R Clopper, Natalie J Thornburg, Gordana Derado, Meredith L Mcmorrow, Fatimah S Dawood, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: During the 2023-2024 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season in the United States, 2 new RSV prevention products were recommended to protect infants in their first RSV season: nirsevimab and Pfizer's maternal RSV vaccine. Postlicensure studies are needed to assess prevention product impact and effectiveness.

Objective: To compare the epidemiology and disease burden of medically attended RSV-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) among children younger than 5 years during the 2023-2024 RSV season with 3 prepandemic RSV seasons (2017-2020), estimate nirsevimab effectiveness against medically attended RSV-associated ARI, and compare nirsevimab binding site mutations among circulating RSV in infants with and without …

Podoplanin And Microthrombi In Lung Injury, Jahnavi Gollamudi, Ricardo Gonzalez Delgado, Min Soon Cho, Brianne Wharton, Hani Lee, Animesh Vadaparti, Swapan K Dasgupta, Miguel A Cruz, Perumal Thiagarajan, Vahid Afshar-Kharghan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Successful Limb Salvage In A Severe Diabetic Foot Infection: A Case Study Of Aggressive Surgical Intervention And Grafting Technique, Stephanie N. Campbell, Amanda Killeen, Michael Sobolevsky

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

A 53-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes (A1c 7.9%), housing insecurity, food insecurity presented with severe necrotizing diabetic foot infection with ascending cellulitis, infectious hemorrhagic bullae, multi-compartment abscesses of the foot and anterior leg. It is known that patients with diabetes are at increased risk of both amputation and surgical interventions than patients without diabetes. This patient underwent aggressive surgical intervention to avoid primary below knee amputation.

Investing In Limb Preservation: A Case Report In Avoiding Bilateral Amputation In A Vasculopathy Patient, Stephanie N. Campbell, Craig J. Verdin, Heather V. Tran, Nikita Gambhir

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Limb salvage and prosthetics play vital roles in restoring function and mobility for patients with severe injuries or metabolic conditions. Limb salvage involves surgical techniques aimed at preserving a limb rather than resorting to amputation, while prosthetics provide artificial devices to replace lost limbs. Key considerations for limb salvage include restoring a functional foot, maintaining patient independence, minimizing hospitalizations, and avoiding bilateral lower limb amputations.

Association Of Serum Endocannabinoid Levels With Pancreatitis And Pancreatitis-Related Pain, Marc T Goodman, Christina Lombardi, Alexa Torrens, Catherine Bresee, Jami L Saloman, Liang Li, Yunlong Yang, William E Fisher, Evan L Fogel, Christopher E Forsmark, Darwin L Conwell, Phil A Hart, Walter G Park, Mark Topazian, Santhi S Vege, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Melena D Bellin, Dana K Andersen, Jose Serrano, Dhiraj Yadav, Stephen J Pandol, Daniele Piomelli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Synaptic Alterations In Pyramidal Cells Following Genetic Manipulation Of Neuronal Excitability In Monkey Prefrontal Cortex, Guillermo Gonzalez-Burgos, Takeaki Miyamae, Yosuke Nishihata, Olga L Krimer, Kirsten Wade, Kenneth N Fish, Dominique Arion, Zhao-Lin Cai, Mingshan Xue, William R Stauffer, David A Lewis

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

The primate dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) displays unique in vivo activity patterns, but how in vivo activity regulates DLPFC pyramidal neuron (PN) properties remains unclear. We assessed the effects of in vivo Kir2.1 overexpression, a genetic silencing tool, on synapses in monkey DLPFC PNs. We show for the first time that recombinant ion channel expression successfully modifies the excitability of primate cortex neurons, producing effects on synaptic properties apparently different from those in the rodent cortex.

Beyond Traditional Body Composition Metrics: Load-Capacity Indices Emerge As Predictors Of Cardiometabolic Outcomes—A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Zhongyang Guan, Marianna Minnetti, Steven B. Heymsfield, Eleonora Poggiogalle, Carla M. Prado, Marc Sim, Blossom C.M. Stephan, Jonathan C.K. Wells, Lorenzo M. Donini, Mario Siervo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The adaptive and independent interrelationships between different body composition components have been identified as crucial determinants of disease risk. On the basis of this concept, the load-capacity model of body composition, which utilizes measurements obtained through nonanthropometric techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, was proposed. This model is typically operationalized as the ratio of metabolic load (adipose mass) to metabolic capacity (lean mass). In recent years, a series of load-capacity indices (LCIs) have been utilized to identify abnormal body composition phenotypes such as sarcopenic obesity (SO) and to predict the risk of metabolic, cardiovascular, and cognitive disorders. In this review, …

The Mascc Cog-Impact: An Unmet Needs Assessment For Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment Impact Developed By The Multinational Association Of Supportive Care In Cancer, Darren Haywood, Alexandre Chan, Raymond J. Chan, Frank D. Baughman, Evan Dauer, Haryana M. Dhillon, Ashley M. Henneghan, Blake J. Lawrence, Maryam B. Lustberg, Moira O’Connor, Janette L. Vardy, Susan L. Rossell, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) can have a profound impact on the lives of cancer survivors. A multitude of subjective and objective assessment tools exist to assess the presence and severity of CRCI. However, no purpose-built tool exists to assess the unmet needs of cancer survivors directly relating to CRCI. This paper details the development and initial validation of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer - Unmet Needs Assessment of Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment Impact (the MASCC COG-IMPACT).

Methods: A multistep mixed-methods measurement development and validation approach was taken with a strong emphasis on co-design. Qualitative interviews were conducted …

Understanding Hip Pain Through Social Media: An Initial Overview Of An International Web-Based Survey, John M. Gaddis, Erika Shults, Bretton Laboret, Ryan Bialaszewski, Katerina Wells, Charles South, Joel Wells

School of Medicine Publications

Background: We aimed to understand the adult experience of hip pain through a web-based REDCap platform via social media. The purpose of this study was to assess the possibility of collecting patient-reported data through social media in people with hip pain while outlining the contents of the survey and analyzing the demographics of the sample population.

Methods: The survey link was active from October 1, 2023, to May 1, 2024, and available on social media platforms. Respondents provided consent prior to survey participation. Responses were anonymous, and only unique, fully complete surveys were analyzed. The comprehensive hip survey included demographic …

Time-Dependent Mitochondrial Remodeling In Experimental Atrial Fibrillation And Potential Therapeutic Relevance, Xiaoyan Qi, Feng Xiong, Jiening Xiao, Kalai Mangai Muthukumarasamy, Yasemin Altuntas, Yuan Zhong, Issam Abu-Taha, Florian Bruns, Marcel Tekook, Markus Kamler, Louis Villeneuve, Anna Nozza, Martin Sirois, Jason Karch, Philippe Pasdois, Donald M Bers, Dobromir Dobrev, Stanley Nattel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Changes in mitochondria have been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), but their manifestations and significance are poorly understood. Here, we studied changes in mitochondrial morphology and function during AF and assessed the effect of a mitochondrial-targeted intervention in a large animal model.

Methods and results: Atrial cardiomyocytes (ACMs) were isolated from dogs in electrically-driven AF for periods of 24 hours to 3 weeks and from humans with/without longstanding persistent AF. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ -concentration ([Ca 2+ ] Mito ), reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production, membrane potential (ΔΨ m ), permeability transition-pore (mPTP) opening and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) were …

Testosterone Modulation Of Muscle Transcriptomic Profile During Lifestyle Therapy In Older Men With Obesity And Hypogonadism, Viola Viola, Tagari Samanta, Maria Liza Duremdes Nava, Alessandra Celli, Reina Armamento-Villareal, Ngoc Ho Lam Nguyen, Georgia Colleluori, Yoann Barnouin, Nicola Napoli, Clifford Qualls, Benny Abraham Kaipparettu, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) added to lifestyle therapy can mitigate weight-loss-induced reduction of muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in older men with obesity and hypogonadism.

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the attenuation of muscle and BMD loss in response to TRT during intensive lifestyle intervention in this high-risk older population.

Methods: Among 83 older (≥ 65 years) men with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and hypogonadism (early AM testosterone persistently < 300 ng/dL) associated with frailty (Modified Physical Performance Test score ≤ 31) randomized into 26-week lifestyle therapy plus testosterone (LT+TRT) or placebo (LT+Pbo) in the LITROS trial, 38 underwent serial muscle biopsies for the muscle transcriptomics substudy.

Results: Despite similar ~10% weight loss, lean body mass and thigh muscle volume decreased less in LT+TRT than LT+Pbo (-2% vs. -4%, respectively; p = …

The Cost Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Care: How To Make It Sustainable, Johan Burisch, Jennifer Claytor, Inmaculada Hernandez, Jason Ken Hou, Gilaad G Kaplan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The rising global prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, underscores the need to examine current and future IBD care costs. Direct health care expenses, including ambulatory visits, hospitalizations, and medications, are substantial, averaging $9,000 to $12,000 per person annually in high-income regions. However, these estimates do not fully account for factors such as disease severity, accessibility, and variability in health care infrastructure among regions. Indirect costs, predominantly stemming from loss in productivity due to absenteeism, presenteeism, and other intangible costs, further contribute to the financial burden of IBD. Despite efforts to quantify indirect …

Hospital Commitments To Address Diagnostic Errors: An Assessment Of 95 Us Hospitals, Alexandra Campione Russo, Jean-Luc Tilly, Leah Kaufman, Melissa Danforth, Mark L Graber, J Matthew Austin, Hardeep Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Diagnostic errors are a leading cause of patient harm. In 2022, the Leapfrog Group published a report containing 29 evidence-based practices that hospitals can adopt to reduce diagnostic errors.

Objectives: To understand the extent to which US hospitals have already implemented these practices, we conducted a national pilot survey of Leapfrog-participating hospitals.

Methods: To reduce respondent burden, we divided the 29 practices across two surveys: one focused on organizational culture and structure (Domain 1), and the second focused on the diagnostic process itself (Domain 2).

Results: A total of 95 hospitals from 23 states responded to one or both …

Sustainable Solutions To The Continuous Threat Of Antimicrobial Resistance, Brad Spellberg, David N Gilbert, Michael Baym, Gonzalo Bearman, Tom Boyles, Arturo Casadevall, Graeme N Forrest, Sarah Freling, Bassam Ghanem, Fergus Hamilton, Brian Luna, Jessica Moore, Daniel M Musher, Travis B Nielsen, Priya Nori, Matthew C Phillips, Liise-Anne Pirofski, Andrew F Shorr, Steven Y C Tong, Todd C Lee, Emily G Mcdonald

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

To combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), advocates have called for passage of the Pioneering Antimicrobial Subscriptions To End Upsurging Resistance (PASTEUR) Act in the United States, which would appropriate $6 billion in new taxpayer-funded subsidies for antibiotic development. However, the number of antibiotics in clinical development, and US Food and Drug Administration approvals of new antibiotics, have already markedly increased in the last 15 years. Thus, instead of focusing on more economic subsidies, we recommend reducing selective pressure driving AMR by (1) establishing pay-for-performance mechanisms that disincentivize overprescribing of antibiotics, (2) focusing existing research and development funding on strategies that decrease …

Home Dialysis For Undocumented Individuals: A Five-Year Single Center Experience, Laurene M Asare, Dia R Waguespack, Jose J Perez, Jade M Teakell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Unprecedented Female Mutation Bias In The Aye-Aye, A Highly Unusual Lemur From Madagascar, Richard J Wang, Yadira Peña-García, Muthuswamy Raveendran, R Alan Harris, Thuy-Trang Nguyen, Marie-Claude Gingras, Yifan Wu, Lesette Perez, Anne D Yoder, Joe H Simmons, Jeffrey Rogers, Matthew W Hahn

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Every mammal studied to date has been found to have a male mutation bias: male parents transmit more de novo mutations to offspring than female parents, contributing increasingly more mutations with age. Although male-biased mutation has been studied for more than 75 years, its causes are still debated. One obstacle to understanding this pattern is its near universality-without variation in mutation bias, it is difficult to find an underlying cause. Here, we present new data on multiple pedigrees from two primate species: aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis), a member of the strepsirrhine primates, and olive baboons (Papio anubis). In stark contrast to …

Historical Demography And Species Distribution Models Shed Light On Speciation In Primates Of Northeast India, Mihir Trivedi, Kunal Arekar, Shivakumara Manu, Lukas F K Kuderna, Jeffrey Rogers, Kyle Kai-How Farh, Tomas Marques Bonet, Govindhaswamy Umapathy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Past climate change is one of the important factors influencing primate speciation. Populations of various species could have risen or declined in response to these climatic fluctuations. Northeast India harbors a rich diversity of primates, where such fluctuations can be implicated. Recent advances in climate modeling as well as genomic data analysis has paved the way for understanding how species accumulate at a particular geographic region. We utilized these methods to explore the primate diversity in this unique region in relation to past climate change. To ascertain the population level changes, we inferred the demographic history of nine species of …

Defining Neonatal Status Epilepticus: A Scoping Review From The Ilaee Neonatal Task Force, Magda L Nunes, Elissa G Yozawitz, Courtney J Wusthoff, Renée A Shellhaas, Efraín Olivas-Peña, Jo M Wilmshurst, Ronit M Pressler, Chahnez C Triki, Hans Hartmann, Terrie Inder, Geraldine B Boylan, Kette Valente, Solomon L Moshe, Eli M Mizrahi, Nicholas S Abend

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To review the available literature concerning the definition of neonatal status epilepticus (SE) and/or seizure burden.

Methods: The International League Against Epilepsy Neonatal Task Force performed a scoping review of the definitions of neonatal SE. Following a systematic literature review, articles were screened and data were abstracted regarding: (1) article characteristics (author identification, publication year, journal name, digital object identifier, title, objective, and study design); (2) cohort characteristics (sample size, gestational age, seizure etiology); (3) definition of SE and/or seizure burden; and (4) the method used to identify and classify SE, including routine EEG (EEG), continuous EEG monitoring (cEEG), …

Magnesium Sulfate In The Management Of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review Of The Literature And Future Directions, Maximillian S Feygin, Alex Brenner, Omar Tanweer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) was revolutionized within the last 15 years with the introduction of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to standard of care. Despite the success of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in achieving high recanalization rates for large vessel occlusion, functional independence post-treatment remains suboptimal. The current limitations of MT prompt evaluation of the role of adjunctive pharmacologic neuroprotective therapies to prevent excitotoxicity, cellular apoptosis, and inflammation that cause irreversible neuronal damage during AIS. Magnesium (MgSO4) provides an attractive neuroprotectant profile, having many different effects, and is inexpensive, readily available, and has a long-established safety and tolerability profile …

Pancreatic Organogenesis Mapped Through Space And Time, Marissa A Scavuzzo, Wojciech J Szlachcic, Matthew C Hill, Natalia M Ziojla, Jessica Teaw, Jeffrey C Carlson, Jonathan Tiessen, Jolanta Chmielowiec, James F Martin, Malgorzata Borowiak

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The spatial organization of cells within a tissue is dictated throughout dynamic developmental processes. We sought to understand whether cells geometrically coordinate with one another throughout development to achieve their organization. The pancreas is a complex cellular organ with a particular spatial organization. Signals from the mesenchyme, neurons, and endothelial cells instruct epithelial cell differentiation during pancreatic development. To understand the cellular diversity and spatial organization of the developing pancreatic niche, we mapped the spatial relationships between single cells over time. We found that four transcriptionally unique subtypes of mesenchyme in the developing pancreas spatially coordinate throughout development, with each …

Prediction Models Of Basal Energy Expenditure In Children And Adolescents Across The Bmi Spectrum Based On Room Calorimetry: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study, Maurice Puyau, Roman Shypailo, Nancy F Butte, Salma Musaad, Fida Bacha

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Existing equations for prediction of basal energy expenditure (BEE) may not be accurate in children with overweight or obesity (OW/OB).

Objectives: We aimed to develop BEE prediction equations applicable to children and adolescents across a wide BMI spectrum using gold standard room calorimetry.

Methods: We measured weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, body composition (DXA), and BEE (whole room calorimetry) in a cross-sectional cohort of 1155 healthy children, 5-19 years of age. 67% of the males and 51% of the females were classified as OW/OB. We applied multiple linear regression analyses to develop BEE prediction models for each sex. …

Benefits And Harms Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Outreach In Patients With Cirrhosis: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial, Amit G Singal, Darine Daher, Manasa Narasimman, Sruthi Yekkaluri, Yan Liu, Vanessa Cerda, Chaitra Banala, Aisha Khan, Minjae Lee, Karim Seif El Dahan, Caitlin C Murphy, Jennifer R Kramer, Ruben Hernaez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The value of hepatocellular carcinoma screening is defined by the balance of benefits from early tumor detection vs harms because of false-positive results. We evaluated the value of a mailed outreach strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma screening in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter pragmatic randomized clinical trial comparing mailed outreach for hepatocellular carcinoma screening (n = 1436) and usual care with visit-based screening (n = 1436) among patients with cirrhosis at 3 health systems from March 2018 to September 2021. Outcomes of interest were early stage hepatocellular carcinoma detection (ie, screening benefit) and diagnostic evaluation for false-positive …

Active Versus Passive Learning In Large-Group Sessions In Medical School: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial Investigating Effects On Learning And The Feeling Of Learning, Peter Boedeker, Tobias Schlingmann, Joshua Kailin, Ajith Nair, Cara Foldes, David Rowley, Katherine Salciccioli, Ronald Maag, Nancy Moreno, Nadia Ismail

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: The evidence base for active learning in medical education is based largely on trials with suspect internal validity. We empirically compared the learning and feeling of learning of participants when in large-group interactive sessions and passive lectures using a rigorous trial capable of providing an unambiguous assessment of effect. Further, we evaluated if there was a differential effect based on prior achievement.

Materials and method: We conducted a two-day randomized cross-over trial with 146 s-year medical students. Passive learning involved lecture-based case presentation with minimal interaction; in the large-group interactive session, students worked in teams on the same cases. …

Implementation Of In Utero Laparotomy-Assisted Fetoscopic Spina Bifida Repair In Two Centers In Latin America: Rationale For This Approach In This Region, Jezid Miranda, Miguel A Parra-Saavedra, William O Contreras-Lopez, Cristóbal Abello, Guido Parra, Juan Hernandez, Amanda Barrero, Isabela Leones, Adriana Nieto-Sanjuanero, Gerardo Sepúlveda-Gonzalez, Magdalena Sanz-Cortes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Spina bifida (SB) is a severe congenital malformation that affects approximately 150,000 infants annually, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries, leading to significant morbidity and lifelong disabilities. In Latin America, the birth prevalence of SB is notably high, often exacerbated by limited healthcare resources and poor access to advanced medical care. The implementation of laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic in-utero SB repair programs in Latin America targets reducing prematurity rates and enabling vaginal births while preserving the benefits of decreased need for hydrocephalus treatment and improved mobility in children.

Objective: This study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of laparotomy-assisted fetoscopic in-utero …

Implementation Of Electronic Triggers To Identify Diagnostic Errors In Emergency Departments, Viralkumar Vaghani, Ashish Gupta, Usman Mir, Li Wei, Daniel R Murphy, Umair Mushtaq, Dean F Sittig, Andrew J Zimolzak, Hardeep Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Missed diagnosis can lead to preventable patient harm.

Objective: To develop and implement a portfolio of electronic triggers (e-triggers) and examine their performance for identifying missed opportunities in diagnosis (MODs) in emergency departments (EDs).

Design, setting, and participants: In this retrospective medical record review study of ED visits at 1321 Veterans Affairs health care sites, rules-based e-triggers were developed and implemented using a national electronic health record repository. These e-triggers targeted 6 high-risk presentations for MODs in treat-and-release ED visits. A high-risk stroke e-trigger was applied to treat-and-release ED visits from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020. A …

Polygenic Score For Clinicopathologic Features And Survival Outcomes In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Sophie Li, Guibin Zheng, Li Xu, Maitrayee Goswami, Mark E Zafereo, Steven I Sherman, Guojun Li, Erich M Sturgis, Jennifer R Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Genome-wide association studies have identified germline variants associated with the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) that can be used to construct a polygenic score (PGS). It is important to determine whether patients with higher germline genetic risk, as summarized using PGS, present with more aggressive disease and/or develop worse clinical outcomes.

Objective: To assess whether germline risk defined by PGS is associated with clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes for patients with PTC.

Design, setting, and participants: This retrospective cohort study included patients with newly diagnosed PTC who presented to The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center for …

The Efficacy Of Complementary And Alternative Medicines In Medical Dermatology: A Comprehensive Review, Promise Ufomadu, Bartley Joseph Gill, Ida Orengo, Theodore Rosen, Ikue Shimizu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: In recent years, there has been a widespread patient use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) for dermatological application, despite few RCT-level studies on these supplements. This creates a barrier for dermatologists and others in counseling patients who may be using or might be tempted to use these CAM agents. This review investigates various CAM modalities used by patients for medical dermatology, exploring their efficacy and toxicity profiles.

Methods: A comprehensive review was performed on the effectiveness of several CAMs utilized in medical dermatology by patients. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, …

Skin Manifestations And Related Clinical Characteristics Of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children: A Descriptive Retrospective Cohort Study At Texas Children’S Hospital, Matthew Penna, Lauren Pupa, Grace Lee, Soo Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the dermatologic manifestations of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the demographic background, key clinical features, and the clinical consequences of developing rash manifestations in MIS-C patients at Texas Children's Hospital.

METHODS: Descriptive retrospective cohort study of 290 hospitalized eligible patients between May 2020 and April 2022.

RESULTS: Among MIS-C patients, 51% exhibited a rash. We found that younger children (8.62 vs 9.49 years of age,

LIMITATIONS: Rash characteristics were initially described by a variety of physicians in the pediatric primary care services.

CONCLUSION: Rash manifestations …

Use Of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy In Clinical Practice: A Review, Jibran Ahmed, Yeonjoo Choi, Taeyeong Ko, Joann Lim, Joud Hajjar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are produced by B lymphocytes and play a key role in humoral immunity. Igs are classified into five isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD). Their primary function is to recognize and bind to foreign antigens. When Igs bind to antigens, they facilitate phagocytosis and promote clearance mediated by other immune cells. It is an essential component in protecting the host from outside pathogens. Hypogammaglobulinemia predisposes an individual to severe and recurrent infections. Therefore, replacement therapy is recommended to maintain optimal Ig level. In addition, Igs can modulate immune responses by to neutralizing proteins such as endotoxins or …

Sinusitis And Rhinitis Among Us Veterans Deployed To Southwest Asia And Afghanistan After September 11, 2001, Jennifer Maccarone, Carrie A Redlich, Andrew Timmons, Anna M Korpak, Nicholas L Smith, Karen S Nakayama, Coleen P Baird, Paul Ciminera, Farrah Kheradmand, Vincent S Fan, Jaime E Hart, Petros Koutrakis, Ware G Kuschner, Octavian C Ioachimescu, Michael Jerrett, Philippe R Montgrain, Susan P Proctor, Christine H Wendt, Cherry Wongtrakool, Emily S Wan, Paul D Blanc, Eric Garshick

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Post-9/11 veterans were exposed to environmental and occupational pollutants during deployment.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine associations between deployment-related exposures and sinusitis and rhinitis.

METHODS: Between April 2018 and March 2020, veterans with land-based deployment after 9/11 who were living within 25 miles of 6 Department of Veteran Affairs medical centers were randomly chosen by using a Defense Manpower Data Center roster. Participants completed interviewer-administered questionnaires, which included a 32-item deployment exposure battery and self-report of rhinitis and health professional-diagnosed sinusitis. Exposure categories included burn pit smoke, combustion engine exhaust/ground dust, other open combustion sources, toxicants, and military …