Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Validation Of A Real-Time Pcr Laboratory Developed Test For The Detection Of Pneumocystis Jirovecii In Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples, Caitlyn Moon

Honors Scholar Theses

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic, host-obligate fungal pathogen responsible for causing P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in humans. PJP is treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), a strong broad-spectrum antibiotic that carries risk of renal and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, rapid diagnosis or exclusion of PJP is crucial to ensure PJP-positive patients receive effective treatment and PJP-negative patients avoid unnecessary antibiotics. Unlike most microorganisms, P. jirovecii cannot be cultured, presenting complications for the typical methods of diagnosing fungal pathogens. Historically, the gold standard for diagnosis was direct microscopic examination with stains such as methenamine silver and calcofluor white, but this diagnostic technique requires highly skilled …

The Development Of A Crispr-Based Calibrated Functional Assay For Classifying Pathogenicity Of Msh2 And Msh6 Variants In Lynch Syndrome, Olivia N. Amodeo

Honors Scholar Theses

Lynch syndrome is a hereditary disease caused by the inheritance of a mismatch repair gene variant. Individuals with this condition are predisposed to cancer development, most commonly colorectal cancer. Current guidelines for variant classification are based on numerous evidence categories, including functional evidence. However, many novel clinical variants are not well characterized, and evidence is difficult to obtain if functional assays are not calibrated.

To address this, our lab created a calibrated functional assay that calculates an odds of pathogenicity score for MSH2 and MSH6 gene variants that can be used as evidence for classifying variants of uncertain significance. This …

Feasibility Of Assessing Dietary Patterns And Anxiety In College Students: A Pilot Study Using Nutrition Questionnaires, Gad-7, And Asq, Kylie Ford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Anxiety is highly prevalent among college students representing a significant public health concern. Research indicates that dietary patterns may influence mental health outcomes; however, the practicality of collecting comprehensive dietary and psychological data in college populations remains unclear. This pilot study assessed the feasibility of evaluating dietary patterns and anxiety using self-report instruments. Participants completed the Nutrition and Eating Habit questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (ASQ). Although twenty-one students were recruited, survey completion rates were low, with only seven participants completing the nutrition questionnaire necessary to calculate the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). Descriptive analyses …

Gender Disparities Among General Surgeons: A Comprehensive Review, Julie Holihan, Devi Bavishi, Kush Brahmbhatt, Rebecca Franks, Zuhair Ali, Karla Bernardi, Christine Castillo, Mike Liang, Rachel Wong, Michele Loor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Unlike in-house call, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) does not require a postcall day for "home call" shifts. Despite this, we hypothesize that on-call residents are still in the hospital for the majority of their shift despite having the luxury of home call and, thus, are not protected by ACGME postcall duty hour regulations.

Methods: A prospective single center survey study was conducted by surveying junior and senior residents who completed overnight call shifts from January 2023 to April 2023 at one of the busiest level 1 trauma centers in the United States. Data include number …

A Scoping Review Of The Associations Between Ascariasis, Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Gastric Pathologies, Nina L Tang, Jacob J Williams, Jennifer Stockton, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jill E Weatherhead

Library Staff Publications

Ascaris infection-ascariasis-is the most common human parasitic worm infection worldwide and induces damage and cellular changes within the stomach. Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium of the stomach that also causes gastric pathologies globally. Importantly, Ascaris, H. pylori, and gastric diseases all disproportionately affect individuals in resource-limited settings. However, the associations between ascariasis, H. pylori infection, and gastric diseases remain relatively unexplored. We synthesized the existing research associating Ascaris infection with H. pylori infection and/or gastric pathologies. Records were identified in OVID Medline, Embase and Web of Science using search terms for ascariasis, H. pylori infection, and gastric abnormalities and additional …

Supporting An Inclusive Summer Camp For Children With Developmental Disabilities Who Use Aac And Their Neurotypical Peers: A Practice-Based Report, Jessica Hicks

Communication Disorders and Occupational Therapy Undergraduate Honors Theses

For my honors research, I completed an internship in an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) lab at the University of Arkansas. For most of my internship work, I helped support an inclusive AAC summer camp for children with and without developmental disabilities, such as autism, for whom speech does not fully meet their communication needs. AAC includes high-tech tools such as communication apps on tablets that serve as speech-generating devices (SGDs). SGDs were used by many of the AAC summer camp participants with developmental disabilities. In this report, I will provide background information on AAC and developmental disabilities. I will …

Factors Associated With Postpartum Depression Symptoms Following Antepartum Hospitalization, Alison N Goulding, Daniel Palacios, Sukru Aras, Hu Chen, Sasidhar Pasupuleti, Marika Toscano, Nicole Cirino, Israel C Christie, Zhandong Liu, Emily S Miller, Terri L Fletcher

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Hospitalized antepartum patients are at increased risk for postpartum depression (PPD). Developing approaches to identify those at highest risk for PPD would enable timely and targeted intervention.

Objective: We aimed to identify factors associated with the development of PPD symptoms in hospitalized antepartum patients and to assess their predictive utility.

Study design: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant individuals hospitalized in a regional referral center due to medical or obstetric complications between 2012 and 2025. Data were extracted from the electronic health record, including demographics, medical and obstetric history, hospitalization characteristics, and postpartum Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores …

2-Aminobutyrate Mediates The Impact Of Air Pollution On Blood Biomarkers Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Anum Saeed, Chris Mckennan, Jane E Clougherty, Peidi Zhou, Sheila Tripathy, Ellen J Kinnee, Jiaxuan Duan, Kevin Kip, Xuemei Zeng, Victor Villemagne, Tharick Pascoal, Mark Mapstone, Eric A Whitsel, Oscar I Lopez, Christie Ballantyne, Thomas K Karikari, Bing Yu, Steven Reis, Annie Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: We examined the impact of mid-life metabolites on late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD) plasma biomarkers and whether these metabolites mediate air pollution effects.

Methods: In the Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) cohort, we applied high-dimensional regression and meditation models, adjusting for observed and latent confounders, with replication in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Exposures included mid-life fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, metals, and metabolites. Outcomes were: late-life plasma p-tau(181, 217, and 231) and amyloid beta 42/40 (Simoa assays).

Results: In the Heart SCORE study, seven lipid- and amnio acid-pathway metabolites measured in mid-life were …

Fructose: Metabolic Signal And Modern Hazard, Richard J Johnson, Miguel A Lanaspa, Dean R Tolan, Marcus D Goncalves, Samir Softic, Kimber L Stanhope, Laura G Sánchez-Lozada, Mark A Herman, Joshua D Rabinowitz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is much interest in the role of sweeteners such as table sugar (sucrose) and high-fructose corn syrup in obesity and metabolic disease. Both sweeteners consist of glucose and fructose, two six-carbon isomeric sugars. Whereas glucose ingestion may promote obesity through its effects to stimulate insulin secretion, fructose has unique metabolic effects that promote triglyceride synthesis and fat accumulation. These effects arise from fructose's well-known role as a signal of metabolic plenty. Under modern conditions of overnutrition, chronic excess fructose drives features of metabolic syndrome. Emerging evidence further links fructose to cancer and dementia. Here we review the biochemical, molecular …

Antibiotics Aren’T Enough, Andrew R Dinardo, Christoph Lange

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Race To Mitigate Aortic Dissection: Exercise, Pde5a, And The Dissecting Aorta, Siddharth K Prakash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Skin In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis Using High-Frequency Ultrasound And Shear Wave Elastography: A Comparative Study With Histology, Molecular, And Clinical Parameters, Ruhani Desai, Filemon Tan, Minghua Wu, Jeffery L Browning, Samuel Theodore, Meng Zhang, Brian Skaug, Harshdeep Singh Chawla, Manmohan Singh, Salavat Aglyamov, Kirill V Larin, Maureen Mayes, Shervin Assassi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Ultrasound (US) has been proposed as a potential tool for assessing skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, a large-scale comparison of US-based assessment with histologic markers of skin fibrosis has not been reported. We evaluated US-based skin assessments for their face validity (differentiation between involved SSc and healthy control [HC] skin), construct validity (comparison to modified Rodnan skin score [mRSS]), and criterion validity (comparison to histologic and gene expression fibrosis markers).

Methods: Twenty HCs and 52 patients with SSc underwent clinical and US assessment followed by a forearm skin biopsy. Predefined areas were assessed on the finger, hand, …

Brief Report: Hepatitis B Vaccination Histories In Persons With Hiv Needing Revaccination, Minhee Kang, Triin Umbleja, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Sandra W Cardoso, Josphat Kosgei, Karen J Vigil, Ta Thi Dieu Ngan, Unoda Chakalisa, Stephanie Caruso, Kenneth E Sherman, Kristen M Marks

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Past studies of hepatitis B vaccines in people with HIV (PWH) have shown mixed results about improving responses with increases in dose or dose frequency, leading to inconsistent guidelines and practice. We examined vaccine series completion and revaccinations in PWH lacking a seroprotective response.

Methods: Hepatitis B vaccination histories were evaluated as a retrospective study in 561 participants of A5379 trial (NCT04193189). Individuals in 41 sites in Africa, Asia, South America, and the United States qualified for the trial with antibody titers below the seroprotective level (< 10 mIU/mL) despite past hepatitis B vaccinations. The primary measure of interest was the number of vaccines in the past vaccination records.

Results: Of the 1098 trial candidates, 561 (51%) did not …

Quantitative Muscle Magnetic Resonance Imaging Demonstrates Resolution Of Muscle Edema In Refractory Dermatomyositis: A Post Hoc Analysis Of A Proof-Of-Concept Clinical Trial Of Tofacitinib, Mona Dabiri, Anshula Nallapati, Marwin Groener, Patrick Debs, Jemima Albayda, Eleni Tiniakou, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Laura Fayad, Julie J Paik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To evaluate changes in muscle edema using short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging and quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping in patients with refractory dermatomyositis (DM) treated with tofacitinib.

Methods: This post hoc imaging analysis included patients from a 12-week, open-label trial of tofacitinib 11 mg daily in refractory DM. Bilateral thigh magnetic resonance imaging was obtained at baseline and week 12 using standardized STIR, T1-weighted, and DWI sequences. Muscle edema (ME) and fascial edema were assessed qualitatively on STIR imaging. ADC values were measured in muscles demonstrating baseline STIR hyperintensity using three nonoverlapping regions of …

Severe, Non-Apneic Respiratory Dysfunction And Hypoxia Following Generalized Convulsive Seizures, Haley E Pysick, Rup K Sainju, Roshni Nair, Deidre N Dragon, Eduardo Bravo, Laura Vilella, Xiaojin Li, Samden D Lhatoo, George B Richerson, Brian K Gehlbach

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a devastating consequence of some generalized convulsive seizures (GCS). Recent work has focused on seizure related apnea as a biomarker of SUDEP risk, frequently without characterizing the adequacy of non-apneic ventilation or identifying other dysfunctional breathing patterns. We hypothesized that GCS frequently induce immediate, severe, non-apneic respiratory dysfunction that can induce critical hypoxia and bradycardia and sought to characterize breathing patterns after GCS.

Methods: Adult patients admitted to an epilepsy monitoring unit were studied. The effects of GCS on breathing and heart rate were analyzed using nasal pressure transducers, chest and abdominal …

Neurointerventional Advances In 2025, Amol Mehta, Sunil A Sheth, Ashutosh P Jadhav

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimized Ultrasound Imaging Of Phase-Change Nanodroplets, Charles R Dyall, Dmitry Nevozhay, Andy Liu, Trevor M Mitcham, George J Lu, Konstantin V Sokolov, Richard R Bouchard

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Phase-change nanodroplets (PCNDs) continue to generate significant research interest due to their potential to extravasate into tissue, to be targeted for molecular imaging and drug delivery, and to undergo an induced phase-change to "activated" microbubbles (MBs) for ultrasound (US) imaging. To accurately quantify molecular markers, however, one assumes a consistent proportion of PCNDs in a region of interest (ROI) are stably activated and imaged. Herein we present a framework for developing a diagnostic sequence that is optimized for PCND activation uniformity, contrast, and acquisition time. To develop this framework, activation was examined at three scales of increasing complexity: single, adjacent, …

Surgical Timing After Acromioclavicular Joint Separation: Association With Clinical Outcomes, Mallory B Lane, Jacob Siahaan, James M Gregory

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Treatment of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) separations continually lacks consensus between providers, and while low-grade injuries generally respond well to conservative management, high-grade injury management is more complex. For patients requiring surgery, the effect of the timing of surgery with respect to the original injury on clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Hypothesis: Clinical outcome measures would worsen as the time between ACJ dislocation injury and surgery increased.

Study design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: A large nationwide insurance claims database was queried for patients who had an ACJ dislocation injury using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision …

Multidisciplinary Approach To Complex Lower Extremity Limb Salvage In Pyogenic Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, And Acne (Papa) Syndrome: A Case Report, Michael M Talanker, Anthony V Basta, Tien Do, Robert Tung, Addison Allen, Morgan Martin, Bryan L Ruygrok, Patrick J Kellam, Jeffrey G Trost, Mohin A Bhadkamkar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Limb salvage using free tissue transfer in patients with rare autoinflammatory syndromes is poorly described, and the safety of microvascular reconstruction in this population remains uncertain. Hereditary pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome is characterized by dysregulated inflammation, pathergy, and impaired wound healing, raising concern for flap compromise and postoperative complications. We report a rare case of lower extremity free tissue transfer in a patient with PAPA syndrome. A 66-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis and PAPA syndrome presented with rapid wound breakdown, violaceous ulceration, exposed hardware, and periprosthetic joint infection following left total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Examination revealed …

Antidepressant-Like Effects Of Extinction Learning As An Animal Model Of Behavioral Therapy, Jing Liu, Sarah E Bulin, David A Morilak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Exposure-based behavioral therapy, the most effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), also reduces depressive symptoms. However, neurobiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exposure-based behavioral therapy on depression remain unknown. Our lab has established fear extinction as a rat model of exposure therapy to investigate the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic behavioral effects in chronically stressed rats. In this study, we demonstrated that extinction learning reduced immobility in the forced-swim test and reversed chronic stress-induced reduction in sucrose preference. Chemogenetic inactivation of pyramidal neurons in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) prevented these antidepressant-like effects of extinction. Extinction learning enhanced …

Are Drains After Trauma Splenectomy Associated With Organ Space Surgical Site Infections?, Stephanie Martinez Ugarte, Mokunfayo O Fajemisin, Seokhun Kim, William D Rieger, Renee W Green, Gabrielle E Hatton, Lillian S Kao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Left upper quadrant (LUQ) drain use after trauma splenectomy varies, with minimal existing data to guide practice. We aimed to investigate the association of LUQ drains with organ space surgical site infection (OS-SSI) after splenectomy. We hypothesized that LUQ drains after trauma splenectomy are associated with increased odds of OS-SSI.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study of adult blunt trauma patients who underwent splenectomy from 7/2018 to 6/2024 was performed. We excluded patients who survived < 5 days after operation, and those with an intraoperatively identified pancreatic injury. Demographics, surgical details, and drain information were abstracted from the medical record. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance variables between patients who did and did not receive an LUQ drain after splenectomy. Multivariable logistic regression with IPTW was performed to estimate the association of LUQ drains with OS-SSI.

Results: Of 179 patients, 68% (n = 121) were male, the median age was 38 years (interquartile range 28, 55), and 27% (n = …

An Assessment Of Green Plasma: The In Vitro Hemostatic Superiority Of A Currently Discarded Blood Product, Samantha C Redden, David J Sun, Yao-Wei W Wang, Elizabeth Hartwell, Jessica C Cardenas, Scott D Olson, Bryan A Cotton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Recent studies have linked trauma patient outcomes to the plasma donor's sex, with premenopausal females associated with improved survival and lower organ failure. Currently, green-colored plasma (due to oral contraceptive use) is removed from the donor pool. We set out to evaluate the hemostatic potential of green plasma.

Study design & methods: We obtained 90 units of plasma from our regional blood center: 30 units of visible green plasma and 60 units of standard-color plasma divided between male and female donors. We collected clinical data such as age, sex, ethnicity, and number of pregnancies. We then assessed the hemostatic …

Corrigendum To 'Risk Factors For Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Initial Detection Of Pulmonary Impairment After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation' [Transplantation And Cellular Therapy 29/3 (2023) 204-204], Mansour Alkhunaizi, Badar Patel, Luis Bueno, Neel Bhan, Tahreem Ahmed, Muhammad H Arain, Rima Saliba, Gabriela Rondon, Burton F Dickey, Lara Bashoura, David E Ost, Liang Li, Shikun Wang, Elizabeth Shpall, Richard E Champlin, Rohtesh Mehta, Uday R Popat, Chitra Hosing, Amin M Alousi, Ajay Sheshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Potential Impact Of Parasites In The Transmission Of Chronic Wasting Disease, Paulina Soto, Rodrigo Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Growth Hormone Pathway As A Prognostic And Therapeutic Biomarker In Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Radiation Therapy, Joe R Eid, Safa Kaseb, Lianchun Xiao, Ryan Sun, Mahesh Kumar Kannan, Manal Hassan, Asif Rashid, Hop S Tran Cao, Hesham M Amin, Eugene J Koay

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT) has emerged as an effective local therapy option for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with improved overall survival (OS). However, some patients still have poor outcomes after RT, and biomarkers are needed to stratify prognostic groups. High circulating growth hormone (GH) levels promote HCC proliferation and survival and are associated with aggressive disease. In this study, we evaluated whether pretreatment GH levels are associated with OS and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients who underwent RT for unresectable HCC.

Methods and materials: Patients undergoing RT for HCC during 2017-2023 were identified from a …

Creating Space For New Ideas And Advancing Gender Equity In Physical Activity And Health Research: Reflections On The Nature Portfolio Physical Activity Series, Andrea Ramírez Varela, Deborah Salvo, Pedro C Hallal, Erica Hinckson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Computational Modeling Meets 3d Bioprinting: Emerging Synergies In Cardiovascular Disease Modeling, Tanmay Mukherjee, Mehdi Salar Amoli, Sarah Rezapourdamanab, Lama Rita El Shammas, Martin L Tomov, Emilio A Mendiola, Vahid Serpooshan, Reza Avazmohammadi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, underscoring the need for improved strategies in diagnosis, treatment, and disease modeling. Traditional in vitro models often fall short in replicating human CV physiology, prompting efforts to advance cardiac tissue engineering and computational modeling. Among these, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a transformative tool, enabling the creation of biomimetic CV constructs that more faithfully replicate native tissue structure and function. However, challenges persist in achieving appropriate mechanical properties and long-term performance of engineered CV constructs. Computational modeling offers powerful solutions to assist with these challenges, providing predictive insights into …

Psychotropic Medications And Their Interactions With Subcortical Brain Volume In Bipolar Disorder: An Enigma Mega-Analysis, Sinead King, John O'Connor, Emma Corley, Giulia Tronchin, Elisa Fontana, Leila Nabulsi, Melody J Y Kang, Joaquim Radua, Brian Hallahan, Christoph Abé, Martin Alda, Dag Alnæs, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Silvia Amoretti, Jochen Bauer, Francesco Benedetti, Klaus Berger, Michael Berk, Erlend Bøen, Joscha Böhnlein, Birgitte Boye, Beatrice Bravi, Erick J Canales-Rodríguez, Udo Dannlowski, Caroline Demro, Annabella Di Giorgio, Ana M Diaz-Zuluaga, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Pauline Favre, Tracy Erwin-Grabner, María Florencia Forte, Janice M Fullerton, Lisa S Furlong, Susan L Rossell, David C Glahn, Benjamin I Goldstein, Ian H Gotlib, Roberto Goya-Maldonado, Melissa J Green, Dominik Grotegerd, Oliver Gruber, Bartholomeus C M Haarman, Tim Hahn, Tomas Hajek, Leonie Hater, Marco Hermesdorf, Josselin Houenou, Fleur M Howells, James A Karantonis, Kody G Kennedy, Tilo Kircher, Anna Luisa Klahn, Maximilian Konowski, Bernd Krämer, Elijah Lahud, Rayus Kuplicki, Mikael Landén, Carlos López-Jaramillo, Bradley J Macintosh, Hannah Meinert, Susanne Meinert, Elisa M T Melloni, Philip B Mitchell, Benson Mwangi, Igor Nenadić, Bronwyn J Overs, Nadine Parker, Godfrey Pearlson, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, James J Prisciandaro, Yann Quidé, Gloria Roberts, Amanda Rodrigue, Elena Rodríguez-Cano, Lisa Rauer, Matthew D Sacchet, Raymond Salvador, Fabio Sambataro, Theodore D Satterthwaite, Jonathan Savitz, Freda Scheffler, Navid Schürmeyer, Chen Shen, Kang Sim, Jair C Soares, Aleix Solanes, Márcio Gerhardt Soeiro-De-Souza, Scott R Sponheim, Dan J Stein, Frederike Stein, Henk S Temmingh, Lea Teutenberg, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Snezana Urosevic, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen, Eduard Vieta, Lars T Westlye, Daniel H Wolf, Mon-Ju Wu, Lakshmi N Yatham, Giovana B Zunta-Soares, Dara M Cannon, Paul M Thompson, Ole A Andreassen, Christopher R K Ching, Colm Mcdonald

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

MRI studies in bipolar disorder (BD) have yielded inconsistent findings, partly due to the varied use of psychotropic medications. This study utilised a mega-analysis approach, accounting for concurrent medication status (syndrome-based and Neuroscience-based Nomenclature (NbN) classifications), in order to assess the association of medication status with subcortical brain volumes in BD. Data from 2,664 BD patients and 4,065 controls (CN) were pooled from 34 research groups as part of the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group. Standardized ENIGMA protocols were used to measure subcortical brain volumes. Linear-mixed-effects regression evaluated the association between psychotropic medications and subcortical volumes, and moderation analyses explored …

Structural Brain Differences Associated With Panic Disorder: An Enigma-Anxiety Working Group Mega-Analysis Of 4924 Individuals Worldwide, Laura K M Han, Willem B Bruin, Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam, Nynke A Groenewold, Kevin Hilbert, Anderson M Winkler, Andre Zugman, Takeshi Asami, Jacques P Barber, Francesco Benedetti, Robert J R Blair, Joscha Böhnlein, Paolo Brambilla, Fabian Breuer, Randy L Buckner, Robin Bülow, Monica E Calkins, Natalia Chechko, Udo Dannlowski, Katharina Dohm, Katharina Domschke, Thomas Dresler, Angelika Erhardt-Lehmann, Gregory A Fonzo, Andreas J Forstner, Hans J Grabe, Dominik Grotegerd, Raquel E Gur, Ruben C Gur, Catherine Harmer, David Hofmann, Odile A Van Den Heuvel, Neda Jahanshad, Tilo T J Kircher, Katharina Koch, Max A Laansma, Till Langhammer, Sang-Hyuk Lee, Elisabeth J Leehr, Eleonora Maggioni, Claire E Marino, Susanne Meinert, Hannah Meinert, Barbara Milrod, Benson Mwangi, Jared A Nielsen, Patricia Ohrmann, Spiro P Pantazatos, Martin P Paulus, Brenda W J H Penninx, Sara Poletti, Andrea Reinecke, Isabelle C Ridderbusch, Pavel Rjabtsenkov, Philipp G Sämann, Theodore D Satterthwaite, Lianne Schmaal, Elisabeth Schrammen, Jair C Soares, Nili Solomonov, Murray B Stein, Benjamin Straube, Thomas Straube, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Jordan W Smoller, Ardesheer Talati, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Carlos E Vazquez, Henry Völzke, Katharina Wittfeld, Mon-Ju Wu, Yunbo Yang, Giovana B Zunta Soares, Ulrike Lueken, Paul M Thompson, Daniel S Pine, Dan J Stein, Nic J A Van Der Wee, Dick J Veltman, Moji Aghajani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuroanatomical findings on panic disorder (PD) are typically difficult to replicate, with inconsistent effects. These concerns prompted a paradigm shift towards large-scale collaborations, focused on harmonized data extraction and processing for robust examination of PD brain correlates. Hence, leveraging the largest-ever multi-site neuroimaging database on PD (Age: 10–66 years; global sites: 28), compiled by the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, we report on cortical and subcortical differences in individuals with PD (N = 1146) versus healthy controls (HC: N = 3778). The analyses revealed lower thickness and smaller cortical surface area within fronto-temporo-parietal regions in PD (Cohen’s ds: −0.08–0.13), along with lower …

Intravenous Buprenorphine Reversed Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression Without Precipitating Withdrawal In Emergency Department Patients, Anthony Spadaro, Nicholas Imperato, Jaclyn Scalgione, Cynthia Santos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Buprenorphine is a high-affinity partial agonist that can displace full opioid agonists and could be used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression. There is scant evidence to support the use of buprenorphine in an acute opioid overdose to reverse respiratory depression in the era of high fentanyl prevalence in the drug supply. This is a case series of four patients with signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose who showed clinical improvement after receiving intravenous buprenorphine.

Method: A case series of adult emergency department patients treated at a single urban academic medical center was reviewed by the authors, who determined …