Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sequence-Optimized And Targeted Double-Stranded Rna As A Therapeutic Antiviral Treatment Against Infectious Myonecrosis Virus In Litopenaeus Vannamei, J. Dustin Loy, Duan S. Loy, Mark A. Mogler, Bruce Janke, Kurt Kamrud, D. L. Hank Harris, Lyric C. Bartholomay

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) is a significant and emerging pathogen that has a tremendous impact on the culture of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. IMNV first emerged in Brazil in 2002 and subsequently spread to Indonesia, causing large economic losses in both countries. No existing therapeutic treatments or effective interventions currently exist for IMNV. RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective technique for preventing viral disease in shrimp. Here, we describe the efficacy of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) applied as an antiviral therapeutic following virus challenge. The antiviral molecule is an optimized dsRNA construct that targets an IMNV sequence …

Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (Bhv-1) And Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (Hsv-1) Promote Survival Of Latently Infected Sensory Neurons, In Part By Inhibiting Apoptosis, Clinton Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

α-Herpesvirinae subfamily members, including herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1), initiate infection in mucosal surfaces. BHV-1 and HSV-1 enter sensory neurons by cell-cell spread where a burst of viral gene expression occurs. When compared to non-neuronal cells, viral gene expression is quickly extinguished in sensory neurons resulting in neuronal survival and latency. The HSV-1 latency associated transcript (LAT), which is abundantly expressed in latently infected neurons, inhibits apoptosis, viral transcription, and productive infection, and directly or indirectly enhances reactivation from latency in small animal models. Three anti-apoptosis genes can be substituted for LAT, which …

A Neurophysiological Examination Of Stress Control In Martial Artists, Jack Pemment

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The philosophies behind many martial arts often claim that by practicing martial arts individuals can gain better control over stress. We tested this idea by using controlled physical stressors to elicit an acute stress response from martial artists (n=15) and non-martial artists (n=18). To measure the extent of the stress response, we looked at changes in heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and galvanic skin level. These three measures explore both parasympathetic and sympathetic responses, and changes in these variables continue to be explored in studies of stress and reactive aggression. In addition to our physical stressors we also exposed individuals …

Endovascular Management Of Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease, Nitin Verma Md, Amit Nanavati Md, Bryan W. Kluck Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Endometriosis Of The Lung: Report Of A Case And Literature Review, Haidong Huang, Chen Li, Paul Zarogoulidis, Kaid Darwiche, Nikolaos Machairiotis, Lixin Yang, Michael Simoff, Eduardo Celis, Tiejun Zhao, Konstantinos Zarogoulidis, Nikolaos Katsikogiannis, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, Qiang Li

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

This paper reports a case of endometriosis of the lung in a 29-year-old woman with long-term periodic catamenial hemoptysis. A chest computed tomography image obtained during menstruation revealed a radiographic opaque lesion in the lingular segment of the left superior lobe. During bronchoscopy, bleeding in the mucosa of the distal bronchus of the lingular segment of the left superior lobe was observed. Histopathology subsequent to an exploratory thoracotomy confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis of the left lung. The 2-year follow-up after lingular lobectomy of the left superior lobe showed no recurrence or complications.

Decreased Neuroinflammation And Increased Brain Energy Homeostasis Following Environmental Enrichment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated With Improvement In Cognitive Function, Teresita L. Briones, Julie Woods, Magdalena Rogozinska

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Persistent neuroinflammation and disruptions in brain energy metabolism is commonly seen in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Because of the lack of success of most TBI interventions and the documented benefits of environmental enrichment (EE) in enhancing brain plasticity, here we focused our study on use of EE in regulating injury-induced neuroinflammation and disruptions in energy metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats were used in the study and randomly assigned to receive either: mild TBI (mTBI) using the controlled cortical injury model or sham surgery. Following surgery, rats from each group were further randomized …

Hyperglycemia Induces Differential Change In Oxidative Stress At Gene Expression And Functional Levels In Huvec And Hmvec, Hemang Patel, Juan Chen, Kumuda C. Das, Mahendra Kavdia

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Endothelial dysfunction precedes pathogenesis of vascular complications in diabetes. In recent years, the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction were investigated to outline strategies for its treatment. However, the therapies for dysfunctional endothelium resulted in multiple clinical trial failures and remain elusive. There is a need for defining hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction with both generic and specific dysfunctional changes in endothelial cells (EC) using a systems approach. In this study, we investigated hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in HUVEC and HMVEC. We investigated hyperglycemia-induced functional changes (superoxide (O₂‾), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) production and mitochondrial membrane polarization) …

Amount Of Lateral Cortex Loss In The Femur While Inserting A Dhs-Plate, Mahmut Nedi̇m Ayteki̇n, Fati̇h Küçükdurmaz, Ali̇ Firat Esmer, Necdet Sağlam, Fuat Akpinar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Although many anatomic, morphologic, and radiologic studies have been carried out for the femur as for all other bones of the skeletal system, we could not find any morphometric study to guide orthopedic surgeons on dynamic hip screw-plate (DHS-plate) applications of the proximal femur. Materials and methods: The lateral cortex width of 125 adult, dry, and grossly intact right and left cadaver femora was measured for the region of the femur in which the DHS-plate was applied, and the results were analyzed statistically. Results: The mean value of the proximal lateral cortex width of the femora was 27.63 mm. While …

The Effect Of Maternal–Fetal Attachment Education On Maternal Mental Health, Elieh Abasi, Mahin Tafazzoli, Habibolah Esmaily, Hossain Hasanabadi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A mother's mental health during pregnancy has a considerable effect on her infant's wellbeing. Therefore, various methods have been studied to improve maternal mental health with the purpose of reducing problems for mothers and babies. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) education during the third trimester on the mother's mental health. Materials and methods: This interventional study was conducted on 83 pregnant women attending 6 healthcare centers in Sari, Iran, for routine antenatal check-ups. Data collection tools included interview checklists, the Cranley MFA Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire 28. The treatment …

Studies Of Regulated Exocytosis From Neuroendocrine Cells, Madhurima Das

Wayne State University Theses

In this thesis we study cargo release and fusion pore dilation during calcium triggered exocytosis and the co-localization of calcium sensing proteins essential for exocytosis, in neuroendocrine cells.

Pancreatic beta cells secrete several hormones, the most studied one being insulin. C-peptide is a protein which is co-stored with and secreted from the same vesicles as insulin. It is found in the soluble phase unlike insulin, which is found in the dense core. The pancreatic beta cells also secrete the Chromogranin B (CgB) which is mostly found in the dense cores of secretory vesicles. In chapter 1, we found that CgB, …

A Genome-Wide Methylation Study On Essential Hypertension In Young African American Males., Xiaoling Wang, Bonita Falkner, Haidong Zhu, Huidong Shi, Shaoyong Su, Xiaojing Xu, Ashok Kumar Sharma, Yanbin Dong, Frank Treiber, Bernard Gutin, Gregory Harshfield, Harold Snieder

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: There is emerging evidence from animal studies suggesting a key role for methylation in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. However, to date, very few studies have investigated the role of methylation in the development of human hypertension, and none has taken a genome-wide approach. Based on the recent studies that highlight the involvement of inflammation in the development of hypertension, we hypothesize that changes in DNA methylation of leukocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

METHOD & RESULTS: We conducted a genome-wide methylation analysis on 8 hypertensive cases and 8 normotensive age-matched controls aged 14-23 years and performed …

Progressive Extra-Oral Static/Dynamic Splint, Lisa Lepage Otr/L, Brian Graeff Ms, Otr/L

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Microvesicles On Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction And Apoptosis, Jinju Wang, Shuzhen Chen, Xioatang Ma, Chuanfang Cheng, Xiang Xiao, Ji Chen, Shiming Liu, Bin Zhao, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Recent evidence indicates that endothelial progenitor cell-derived microvesicles (EPC-MVs) can promote angiogenesis of endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we investigated the potential effects of EPC-MVs on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in human brain microvascular ECs (hb-ECs). MVs were prepared from EPCs cultured in a serum deprivation (SD) medium (starving stress, sEPC-MVs) or SD medium containing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) (apoptotic stress, aEPC-MVs). H/R injury model of hb-ECs was produced by 6 hr hypoxia (1% O₂) and 24 hr reoxygenation. The H/R hb-ECs were co-cultured with EPC-MVs. Results showed that …

Is There An Alternative Way Of Treating Drug Resistant Epilepsy? The Effects Of The Ketogenic Diet In Children With Intractable Epilepsy, Chaya M. Weinberg

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Many children with epilepsy experience seizures that cannot be resolved with medication. Since surgical intervention is not always an option, the ketogenic diet (KD). a high fat, low carbohydrate and protein diet, offers a chance for seizure reduction and in some cases freedom from seizures and medication. Side effects do exist, although none are serious. Efficacy has been proven through many studies. The mechanism of the KD's effectiveness is still unknown, although several hypotheses exist, including the theory that ketone bodies themselves are anticonvulsant, and the hypothesis that glucose restriction stops seizures. Adenosine A1 receptors are also thought to have …

Microparticle Function, Leorra Kohen

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Microparticles are emerging as an integral part of the vascular system. The microparticles are derived from stimulated or apoptotic endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes. They are involved in coagulation and regular cell function. Excessive numbers of microparticles contribute to artherosclerosis, chronic renal failure, and metabolic syndrome. Microparticle levels may be reduced by medications, relieving symptoms for awhile. Studies are being done to predict disease by counting microparticles. Further research must be done to understand and make use of microparticles.

Trends Of Intestinal Parasites Prevalence In The Gaza Strip, 1998-2007: The Use Of Government Health Records, Adnan Ibrahim H. Alhindi, Mervat Al-Louh

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the amount of intestinal parasite infections over a 10-year period in the Gaza Strip. Materials and methods: Data from the Epidemiology Department, Ministry of Health were collected and analyzed statistically. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was monitored and studied for the period 1998-2007. Results: The present study shows results including the records of 471,688 patients (all ages) who had every provided 1 stool specimen to the laboratories of primary health care centers in one of the 5 governorates of the Gaza Strip. It was found that 116,261 specimens were positive for intestinal parasites, representing an overall prevalence of …

The Effect Of Hypercholesterolemia On The Contractions Of Detrusor Strips In Response To Neural Stimulation In Rats, Serkan Karai̇smai̇loğlu, Zeynep Di̇cle Balkanci, Bi̇lge Pehli̇vanoğlu, Si̇bel Bayrak, İsmai̇l Karabulut, Ayşen Erdem

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on in vitro contractions of the detrusor smooth muscle stimulated by an electrical field in rats and the relative contributions of cholinergic and noncholinergic neurotransmission. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with standard diet (NC group) or with 4% cholesterol diet (HC group). After 4 weeks, the urinary bladder was excised under anesthesia and 4 detrusor strips were prepared. Blood samples were collected for serum lipid profile, and aortic arches were dissected for histopathological examination. In vitro contractile function of the detrusor smooth muscle was evaluated with: 1) electrical field stimulation (EFS) only, …

Insulin Effect On Rankl And Opg Expression In Human Osteoblast-Like Mg63 Cells, Huixin Wang, Xiaohuan Zhong

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of insulin on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Materials and methods: MG63 cells were exposed to different concentrations of human recombinant insulin (1, 10, and 100 nM) for 24 h, and then the expression of RANKL and OPG mRNA was identified.After that, MG63 cells were exposed to tensile stress combined with 0 or 10 nM insulin respectively for 0, 3, 6, and 12 h, and then the expression of RANKL and OPG mRNA was identified. Human monocytes were cultured …

Anxiety, Depression, Social Phobia, And Quality Of Life In Turkish Patients With Acne And Their Relationships With The Severity Of Acne, Ahmet Öztürk, Erdem Deveci̇, Erman Bağcioğlu, Fi̇gen Atalay, Zehra Serdar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the psychiatric characteristics of acne vulgaris and the effects of the disease on quality of life. Materials and methods: We included 70 acne patients and 50 healthy controls. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Quality of Life Scale Short Form, and Acne Quality of Life Questionnaire were applied. Results: Anxiety and depression scores of the acne patients were significantly higher than those of the control group. In patients with acne, significantly higher levels of social anxiety were detected. Social anxiety levels of severe acne cases were …

Early Diagnosis Saves Lives In Esophageal Perforations, Ayşen Taslak Şengül, Yasemi̇n Bi̇lgi̇n Büyükkarabacak, Tüli̇n Durgun Yeti̇m, Mehmet Gökhan Pi̇rzi̇renli̇, Burçi̇n Çeli̇k, Ahmet Başoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Esophageal perforations are rare but highly fatal pathologies. This study aims to discuss the treatment methods for esophageal perforations. Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients who were diagnosed with esophageal perforation in the Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine’s thoracic surgery clinics between 2000 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The cause of perforation was foreign body in 17 patients, dilatation with bougie in 2, balloon dilatation in 2, and spontaneous rupture in 1. Eight patients had cervical, 12 had thoracal, and 2 had thoracoabdominal esophagus perforations. The period between perforation occurrence and treatment was longer than 24 h in 10 …

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence And Type In Liquid-Based Cervical Samples From Turkish Women In A Selected Risk Group, Işin Akyar, Özlem Aydin, Mustafa Cengi̇z Yakicier, Zühtü Tanil Kocagöz, Ümi̇t İnce, İbrahi̇m Ünsal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To detect the prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in different cytological diagnostic categories. Materials and methods: Between 2007 and 2010, a total of 1014 liquid-based thin preparations of cervical smears were selected and classified according to cytology results. HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also performed using these samples. HPV DNA-positive samples were genotyped by DNA sequencing. Results: Of those enrolled in the study, 45.3% were negative cytologically, 36.4% had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 0.3% had atypical squamous cells preventing the exclusion of a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 16.8% showed a low-grade squamous intraepithelial …

Determining The Association Between Turkish Women’S Menopausal Symptoms And Their Marital Adjustment, Asli Si̇s Çeli̇k, Türkan Pasi̇nli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the association between women's menopausal symptoms and their marital adjustment. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 263 Turkish women chosen using an improbable randomized sampling method. A questionnaire, the Menopause Symptom Rating Scale (MSRS), and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) were used to collect data. Percentage distributions, the t-test in independent groups, the one-way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: The mean of the overall MSRS score for women was 22.67 ± 8.06 and the mean of the overall DAS score for …

Tissue Doppler Evaluation Of The Right Ventricle In Major Pulmonary Resections, Ulaş Kumbasar, Hasan Şevket Kavukçu, Nezi̇h Özdemi̇r, Adem Güngör, Rifat Murat Akal, Hakan Kutlay, Ayten Cangir, Sevi̇lay Karahan, İlker Ökten

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To analyze the consequences of major pulmonary resections on right ventricle (RV) function by using the tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) technique. Materials and methods: Twenty patients (16 males and 4 females) who received pulmonary resection for primary non-small cell lung cancer underwent echocardiographic examinations before surgery on the 2nd and 7th postoperative days. Results: Tricuspid E wave significantly decreased from the postoperative 2nd day to the 7th day (45.93 ± 8.0 to 35.77 ± 7.4 cm/s; P = 0.02). On the postoperative 2nd and 7th days, tricuspid A wave values (58.27 ± 9.6 and 58.94 ± 8.4 cm/s) were significantly …

Left Atrial Dilatation In Undetermined Group According To Toast Classification: Echocardiographic Assessment Of Stroke Patients, Ahu Takoğlu, Ufuk Can

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the left atrial dilatation in an undetermined etiological group according to Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) and to evaluate the relationship between left atrial dilatation and stroke volume and localization. Materials and methods: Files of patients admitted to our hospital (2000-2010) with acute ischemic stroke diagnosis were investigated. The size of their left atrium was registered using the data from transthoracic echocardiogram. Lesion size and localization were registered using brain MRI. Stroke etiology was categorized according to TOAST classification. The relationship between left atrial dilatation and stroke volume and localization in the undetermined group …

Characteristics Of Nonsyndromic Supernumerary Teeth In Children And Adolescents, Hüseyi̇n Karayilmaz, Zühal Kirzioğlu, Ayşegül Sariteki̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

'Supernumerary teeth' (ST) is a term used to describe extra teeth in both dentitions than those that we are predisposed to have and considered to be one of the most significant dental anomalies affecting children and adolescents. Diagnosis and management of ST is one of the main responsibilities of dentists and also physicians. The aims of this study were to document the prevalence, characteristics, and associated clinical complications of ST among children and adolescents and to summarize the management and intervention time for ST. Materials and methods: Thirteen deciduous ST in 13 patients and 219 permanent ST in 179 patients …

The Relationship Between Hla-G Levels And Oxidative Stress Parameters In Patients With Breast Cancer, Sema Bozali̇oğlu, Nedret Kiliç, Zuhal Yildirim, Bi̇lkay Baştürk, Osman Kurukahveci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate serum HLA-G levels and its correlation with oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in breast cancer patients. Materials and methods: The patient group consisted of 25 individuals with breast cancer who were operated on in the General Surgery Department of Gazi University’s Faculty of Medicine. Thirty-one individuals who had no history of any kind of cancer, allergic diseases, diabetes, or rheumatic and immunological disease constituted the control group. Results: Results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and HLA-G levels in the patient group were statistically and significantly high compared to the control group (P < 0.001). While vitamin C levels were significantly lower in the patient group (P < 0.05), an insignificant difference in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total sulfhydryl group (R-SH) levels in both groups was observed (P > 0.05). Serum …

Jak2 V617f Mutation In Iranian Patients With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Clinical And Laboratory Findings, Behzad Poopak, Majid Farshdousti Hagh, Najmaldin Saki, Fazel Elahi, Hamid Rezvani, Gelareh Khosravipour, Mohammad Ali Jahangirpour, Shirin Bolouri, Tolou Golkar, Parviz Falah

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The JAK2 V617F mutation has been described as a frequent genetic event among a majority of patients with polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis. In this research, we evaluated the prevalence of the JAK2 mutation and its clinical and laboratory correlation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Materials and methods: A total of 615 patients with suspected myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) were analyzed for the JAK2 V617F mutation. After DNA extraction, detection of the mutation was done using allele-specific PCR. Positive samples were subsequently analyzed with PCR-RFLP by the restriction endonuclease BsaXI. The patients were also analyzed for hematological indices. Results: Of …

Effects Of Ethyl Pyruvate Administration On Female Rats’ Pyramidal Cells Of Cornu Ammonis After Brain Ischemia: A Stereological And Histopathological Study, Ayşe İki̇nci̇, Ersan Odaci, Orhan Baş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Since ethyl pyruvate (EP) is a known neuroprotective agent, this study was intended to investigate the effects of EP on pyramidal cell numbers and morphology in the hippocampus cornu ammonis after brain ischemia. Materials and methods: Female rats were divided into 5 groups: control, ischemia, ischemia + EP, incision + EP, and incision + Ringer's lactate (groups I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively). No intervention was performed in group I. Ischemia was established in groups II and III, and neck incisions were performed in groups IV and V. EP was intraperitoneally injected in groups III and IV. Ringer's lactate …

A Multicenter Study Of The Application Of Six Sigma Management In Clinical Rational Drug Use Via Pharmacist Intervention, Lidao Bao, Nan Chen, Tao Shang, Puyan Fang, Zhanping Xu, Wenchang Guo, Yi Wang

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The status of outpatient irrational prescription drug use before and after pharmacist interventions in 6 large scale hospitals was investigated to determine the underlying reasons and to promote rational clinical drug use. Materials and methods: The 5-step DMAIC method (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) in Six Sigma management was utilized to investigate irrational drug use in prescriptions. The statistical software package SAS9.1.3 was adopted to analyze the results, determine possible reasons that could lead to irrational drug use, and then intervene accordingly. Statistics before and after the intervention were compared to analyze the function and effect of Six Sigma management …

The Value Of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Measurements In The Differential Diagnosis Of Vertebral Bone Marrow Lesions, Gülten Taşkin, Lütfi̇ İncesu, Keri̇m Aslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To be able to differentiate benign vertebral bone marrow lesions from malign lesions according to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, enabling quantitative assessment, and to determine the sensitivity and the specificity in differentiating benign and malign lesions according to the optimal cutoff ADC value. Materials and methods: In 99 patients, 133 lesions in total were included in the study, 59 of which were benign (acute vertebral compression fracture depending on osteoporosis or trauma, spondylitis, atypical hemangioma), and 74 malign (malign compression fracture, metastasis). Each of the benign lesions was compared to the malign lesions. In the statistical analysis, normality tests, …