Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicine and Health Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medical Sciences

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 37681 - 37710 of 45334

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Endocrine Abnormalities Of Patients With Cleft Lip And/Or Cleft Palate During The Neonatal Period, Mustafa Ali̇ Akin, Seli̇m Kurtoğlu, Di̇lek Sarici, Leyla Akin, Ni̇hal Hati̇poğlu, Levent Korkmaz, Tamer Güneş, Mehmet Adnan Öztürk, Mustafa Akçakuş Jan 2014

Endocrine Abnormalities Of Patients With Cleft Lip And/Or Cleft Palate During The Neonatal Period, Mustafa Ali̇ Akin, Seli̇m Kurtoğlu, Di̇lek Sarici, Leyla Akin, Ni̇hal Hati̇poğlu, Levent Korkmaz, Tamer Güneş, Mehmet Adnan Öztürk, Mustafa Akçakuş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

There are close interactions among the developing oral cavity, pituitary gland, and central nervous system (CNS) in early embryonic life. In this study we aimed to screen endocrine abnormalities in patients with orofacial clefts in the neonatal period. Materials and methods: Thirty-one patients with isolated orofacial median clefts were included in the study. Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal hormones were measured at the first week and remeasured in the third or fourth weeks. Imaging studies were done for detection of CNS anomalies in all patients. Results: Endocrine abnormality was detected in 22 (70.9%) patients. The number of patients with single and …

Go to article

Anesthetic Management And Perioperative Complications In Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: The Turkish Experience, Tüli̇n Gümüş, Elvi̇n Kesi̇mci̇, Cem Soykut, Orhan Kanbak, Abdulkadi̇r But Jan 2014

Anesthetic Management And Perioperative Complications In Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: The Turkish Experience, Tüli̇n Gümüş, Elvi̇n Kesi̇mci̇, Cem Soykut, Orhan Kanbak, Abdulkadi̇r But

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To describe the anesthetic management and early results of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in a single center in Turkey. Materials and methods: We evaluated 79 (54 females, 25 males; mean age: 76 ± 9 years) consecutive symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVI under general anesthesia between July 2011 and September 2012. We preferred a transfemoral approach as the first option. Results: The duration of anesthesia was 149 ± 49 min. Thirty-eight percent of the patients were extubated in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Three patients required a permanent pacemaker, while 8 patients required inotropic support in the …

Go to article

The Effect Of Dietary Salt Restriction On Hypertension In Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Sali̇h İnal, Yasemi̇n Erten, Ni̇lüfer Tek, Gülay Ulusal Okyay, Kürşad Öneç, Gamze Akbulut, Nevi̇n Şanlier Jan 2014

The Effect Of Dietary Salt Restriction On Hypertension In Peritoneal Dialysis Patients, Sali̇h İnal, Yasemi̇n Erten, Ni̇lüfer Tek, Gülay Ulusal Okyay, Kürşad Öneç, Gamze Akbulut, Nevi̇n Şanlier

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of dietary salt restriction on blood pressure levels, total sodium removal, and hydration status of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Materials and methods: Thirty-one stable PD patients who consulted a renal dietitian monthly for dietary recommendations, including restricted salt intake 0.05) for the whole sample, and from 164.3 ± 70.9 to 154.2 ± 72.3 mmol/day (P > 0.05) for the hypertensive subgroup (n: 17). Systolic blood pressure (from 134.3 ± 20.1 to 127.2 ± 19.5 mmHg, P: 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (from 83.2 ± 12.0 to 77.4 ± 10.5 mmHg, P: 0.01) and total body water (from 39.2 …

Go to article

Discovering Missing Heritability And Early Risk Prediction For Type 2 Diabetes: A New Perspective For Genome-Wide Association Study Analysis With The Nurses' Health Study And The Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study, Hüsametti̇n Gül, Yeşi̇m Aydin Son, Cengi̇zhan Açikel Jan 2014

Discovering Missing Heritability And Early Risk Prediction For Type 2 Diabetes: A New Perspective For Genome-Wide Association Study Analysis With The Nurses' Health Study And The Health Professionals' Follow-Up Study, Hüsametti̇n Gül, Yeşi̇m Aydin Son, Cengi̇zhan Açikel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Despite the rise in type 2 diabetes prevalence worldwide, we do not have a method for early risk prediction. The predictive ability of genetic models has been found to be little or negligible so far. In this study, we aimed to develop a better early risk prediction method for type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: We used phenotypic and genotypic data from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals' Follow-up Study cohorts and analyzed them by using binary logistic regression. Results: Phenotypic variables yielded 70.7% overall correctness and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.77. With regard to genotype, …

Go to article

The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The University Of Toronto Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale, Ni̇han Kahya Eren, Selcen Yakar Tülüce, Bariş Kiliçaslan, Cem Nazli, Asim Oktay Ergene Jan 2014

The Validity And Reliability Of The Turkish Version Of The University Of Toronto Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale, Ni̇han Kahya Eren, Selcen Yakar Tülüce, Bariş Kiliçaslan, Cem Nazli, Asim Oktay Ergene

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

There are various instruments to assess quality of life (QoL) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the University of Toronto Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale (AFSS). Materials and methods: The AFSS and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were completed by 130 patients with documented AF. The Canadian Cardiovascular Society Severity in Atrial Fibrillation (SAF) scale and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) scale were also utilized by the attending physicians. To assess test-retest reliability, the AFSS was readministered to 47 clinically stable patients at a 1-month follow-up …

Go to article

The Role Of Primary Cilia In Mammary Gland And Skeletal Development, Elizabeth Mitchell Jan 2014

The Role Of Primary Cilia In Mammary Gland And Skeletal Development, Elizabeth Mitchell

All ETDs from UAB

and satiation of predators. Additionally, the arribada significantly affected sex ratios and

Go to article

Structural Implications Of P22 Bacteriophage Coat Protein A-Domain Modifications, David Samuel Morris Jan 2014

Structural Implications Of P22 Bacteriophage Coat Protein A-Domain Modifications, David Samuel Morris

All ETDs from UAB

Modification of virus capsids as target-specific delivery devices has become highly popularized in recent years and P22 bacteriophage has been proposed as a potential candidate for development of a targeting drug delivery system. As a proof of concept for our system, we hypothesized that the A-domain of P22 coat protein could be utilized to alter the binding affinity of virus-like procapsids for biological targets. Addition of acidic residues to the A-domain revealed that this could be accomplished through the quarternary localization of charged residues in three-dimensional space without interrogating procapsid assembly. Further manipulations implemented in vivo were performed to examine …

Go to article

Actions Of Grape Seed Extract In Rodent Brain And Differences In Metabolism Of Its Polyphenols In A Rodent Model Of Menopause, John Kenneth Cutts Jan 2014

Actions Of Grape Seed Extract In Rodent Brain And Differences In Metabolism Of Its Polyphenols In A Rodent Model Of Menopause, John Kenneth Cutts

All ETDs from UAB

Grape seed extract (GSE), a dietary supplement, has potential in the treatment and prevention of human chronic age-related diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. GSE and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, independently, have enhanced learning and memory in rodents. We hypothesized that GSE enhances learning and memory, at least partially, by enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis. However, adult mice given GSE did not exhibit increased number of progenitor cells or new neurons, established markers of neurogenesis, in the dentate gyrus (DG). Also, 26-day-old pups whose mother was given GSE only while nursing had fewer new neurons in the DG compared to control …

Go to article

Targeting Tau-Mediated Nmdar Hypofunction Reverses Deficits In A Mouse Model Of Frontotemporal Dementia, Brian Andrew Warmus Jan 2014

Targeting Tau-Mediated Nmdar Hypofunction Reverses Deficits In A Mouse Model Of Frontotemporal Dementia, Brian Andrew Warmus

All ETDs from UAB

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a rapidly progressive and lethal disease, with no disease-modifying treatments. It is known that tau mutations cause FTD, but the underlying neurobiology is undefined. We sought to identify how tau affects the neurobiology in order to find potential treatment targets. Here, we address this question using a new mouse model expressing human tau with an FTD-associated mutation. We studied behavior, physiology, biochemistry, and neuropathology in several cohorts of mice at different ages. These mutant tau mice had abnormal repetitive behavior characteristic of FTD and synaptic deficits selectively in regions associated with FTD (ventral striatum and insula). …

Go to article

Modulation Of Neocortical Gabaergic Interneurons By Voltage-Gated Ion Channels, Sidney B. Williams Jan 2014

Modulation Of Neocortical Gabaergic Interneurons By Voltage-Gated Ion Channels, Sidney B. Williams

All ETDs from UAB

GABAergic interneurons provide the main source of inhibition in the neocortex and are important in regulating neocortical network activity. In the presence of the K+ channel blocker 4-AP and the glutamate receptor blockers, CNQX and D-APV, large amplitude evoked and spontaneous depolarizing responses are observed in the neocortex. These large propagating responses are blocked by GABAA receptor antagonists indicating that these events are due to synchronized activity of GABAergic interneurons. Cortical GABAergic networks are comprised of several types of interneurons, each with its own protein expression pattern, receptor profile, firing properties, synaptic targets and role in network activity. Voltage-gated ion …

Go to article

Copper Homeostasis In Mycobacteria, Jennifer L. Rowland Jan 2014

Copper Homeostasis In Mycobacteria, Jennifer L. Rowland

All ETDs from UAB

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent on tuberculosis in humans, is a globally important pathogen. In 2013, nearly 1.2 million people died from tuberculosis. Drug treatments and effective vaccines are lacking for this pathogen. A better understanding of the basic physiology of M. tuberculosis is required to improve disease outcomes. Upon inhalation into the lungs, M. tuberculosis is taken up by macrophages, in a process called phagocytosis, which normally destroys invading bacteria. As the phagosome inside the macrophage matures, bactericidal mechanisms are activated including: lowering pH, and introducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and hydrolytic enzymes to degrade bacterial cell walls. …

Go to article

Rhodopsin As A Model For Gpcr Trafficking And Its Role In Outer Segment Formation, Joshua D. Sammons Jan 2014

Rhodopsin As A Model For Gpcr Trafficking And Its Role In Outer Segment Formation, Joshua D. Sammons

All ETDs from UAB

Rhodopsin is a prototypical G-protein coupled receptor whose biological function has been well worked out, yet little is known about the mechanism by which it is so efficiently transported to the rod outer segment (ROS) after synthesis. If rhodopsin is not efficiently transported to the ROS, rod cells will apoptose leading to cone cell apoptosis as well which results in the blinding disease retinitis pigmentosa. Work has begun to elucidate proteins responsible for transporting rhodopsin to the ROS using Xenopus laevis as a model since the photoreceptors of this amphibian are large and transgenic animals are relatively easy to prepare. …

Go to article

Protein O-Glcnac Modification In Diabetic Vascular Calcification, Jack Heath Jan 2014

Protein O-Glcnac Modification In Diabetic Vascular Calcification, Jack Heath

All ETDs from UAB

Vascular calcification is prevalent in patients of diabetes mellitus, which represents an independent risk factor that positively correlated with morbidity and mortality in these patients. Vascular calcification is now recognized as a cell-regulated process of osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in response to stress, such as hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Both hyperglycemia and oxidative stress have been shown to induce protein modification by O-linked ß-N-acetylglucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation), which is also elevated in diabetes. The present studies aimed to determine the effects of protein O-GlcNAcylation on vascular calcification in diabetes, and uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms. With the …

Go to article

Characterization Of Glycosylation-Associated Protein, Gap2, Required For The Biogenesis Of Streptococcus Parasanguinis Fimbriae-Associated Protein, Fap1, Haley Echlin Jan 2014

Characterization Of Glycosylation-Associated Protein, Gap2, Required For The Biogenesis Of Streptococcus Parasanguinis Fimbriae-Associated Protein, Fap1, Haley Echlin

All ETDs from UAB

Streptococcal species possess a multitude of adhesins that facilitate adherence to a wide range of substrates; this is the first step necessary for the development of disease. Streptococcus parasanguinis is a primary colonizer of the oral cavity and adheres to the tooth surface using long fimbriae, which are composed of Fap1, a serine-rich repeat glycoprotein (SRRP). SRRPs are conserved in many Gram-positive bacteria and play a role in bacterial adhesion, fimbrial formation, biofilm formation, and bacterial pathogenesis. Although SRRPs play such an important role, the exact mechanism of their biogenesis remains a mystery. For Fap1, an eleven gene cluster is …

Go to article

The Expression And Function Of Icam-2 In Neuroblastoma, Joseph Feduska Jan 2014

The Expression And Function Of Icam-2 In Neuroblastoma, Joseph Feduska

All ETDs from UAB

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, accounting for 15% of all childhood cancer deaths. At the time of initial diagnosis, the majority of patients present with NB that has already metastasized. While initial remission is often achieved following treatment, roughly 50% of these patients will relapse and die from the development of intractable metastatic progression. Intercellular adhesion molecule-2 (ICAM-2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, normally expressed only in endothelial cells and subsets of leukocytes. ICAM-2 expression in cancer cells had not been previously investigated, until our lab recently reported the novel finding of endogenous ICAM-2 expression …

Go to article

Evidence Of Altered Ampa Receptor Localization And Regulation In Schizophrenia, Jana Drummond Jan 2014

Evidence Of Altered Ampa Receptor Localization And Regulation In Schizophrenia, Jana Drummond

All ETDs from UAB

Although the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia posits altered glutamatergic transmission is occurring in this illness, the precise mechanisms be-hind these proposed changes in schizophrenia brain remain elusive. Recent evidence from our laboratory supports a model of altered forward trafficking of glutamate receptors to synaptic membranes in schizophrenia, which could contribute to changes in neurotransmission. The AMPA subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor (AMPAR), is the main facilitator of fast, excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, and changes in AMPAR number at synapses may control synaptic strength and plasticity. One mechanism that could alter AMPAR trafficking to synapses is abnormal expression of AMPAR …

Go to article

Elucidating The Role Of Gsk3 In Synaptic And Cognitive Deficits In Fragile X Syndrome, Aimee Vinson Franklin Jan 2014

Elucidating The Role Of Gsk3 In Synaptic And Cognitive Deficits In Fragile X Syndrome, Aimee Vinson Franklin

All ETDs from UAB

Fragile X Syndrome (FX) is the most common inherited form of mental retarda-tion. Prominent characteristics of FX are mimicked in a mouse model with deleted fmr1 including hyperactivity, anxiety, developmental delay and social deficits. Additionally, FX mice display deficits in n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) at medial perforant path synapses onto dentate granule cells (MPP-DGC synapses). Because LTP is a cellular correlate of learning and memory, defi-cits in LTP at this synapse are thought to underlie impairments in pattern separation, a form of learning and memory dependent on proper DG function. Identifying the patho-logical mechanisms that cause impaired …

Go to article

Tumorgraft Models As A Platform For Molecular Characterization And Drug Evaluation In Pancreaticobiliary Malignancies, Patrick Lee Garcia Jan 2014

Tumorgraft Models As A Platform For Molecular Characterization And Drug Evaluation In Pancreaticobiliary Malignancies, Patrick Lee Garcia

All ETDs from UAB

arribada nesting behavior. The first chapter addresses the potential effects of a nest’s

Go to article

Innate Immune Defense Against The Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus Fumigatus, Melissa Ann Gessner Jan 2014

Innate Immune Defense Against The Fungal Pathogen Aspergillus Fumigatus, Melissa Ann Gessner

All ETDs from UAB

The opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous mold that causes severe, invasive life-threatening infections in patients that are severely immunocompromised. Major risk factors include neutropenia, neutrophil dysfunction and immunosuppressive therapies. Recently, however, rising incidences of colonizing A. fumigatus have been reported in patients without classical risk factors. We sought out to elucidate non-classical pre-disposing conditions that may render a lung environment susceptible to fungal colonization as well as mechanisms involved in immune defense against the invading fungal pathogen. Further defining a role for Dectin-1 in an Aspergillus fumigatus infection, we demonstrated a critical role for Dectin-1 dependent interleukin-22 …

Go to article

Using Mce4 Sirna Molecular Beacons For Detection And Eradication Of Mycobacterial Infection In Macrophages, Remo George Jan 2014

Using Mce4 Sirna Molecular Beacons For Detection And Eradication Of Mycobacterial Infection In Macrophages, Remo George

All ETDs from UAB

temperatures. The third chapter represents the most comprehensive evaluation to date of

Go to article

The Role Of Il-7 And C-Kit Signaling Pathways In Specification Of B Lymphocytes, Oleg Kolupaev Jan 2014

The Role Of Il-7 And C-Kit Signaling Pathways In Specification Of B Lymphocytes, Oleg Kolupaev

All ETDs from UAB

B-lymphocyte commitment from common lymphoid progenitors (CLP) is orchestrated by a number of transcription factors and extracellular developmental cues. Most prominently, IL-7 signaling acts as a critical factor for promotion of B cell differentiation through its role in upregulation of the B-cell commitment factor, Ebf1, by activation of Jak-Stat5 signaling. Other cytokines and growth factors secreted by bone marrow stromal cells, such as Flt3 ligand, are known to modulate developmental outcomes by regulating the IL-7R-Jak-Stat5 pathway. The role of stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) c-Kit, and the mechanism by which it affects cell …

Go to article

Osteomimmunology Of Bone Fracture Healing And Cell And Gene Therapy Approaches For Nonunion Bone Defects, Seth G. Levy Jan 2014

Osteomimmunology Of Bone Fracture Healing And Cell And Gene Therapy Approaches For Nonunion Bone Defects, Seth G. Levy

All ETDs from UAB

Despite the body's ability to repair bone fractures under normal circumstances, up to 10% of the 7.9 million fractures suffered in the United States each year do not achieve bony union. Bone fractures heal with overlapping phases of inflammation, cell proliferation, and bone remodeling. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are known to work in concert to control many stages of this process, but when one is impaired it leads to failure of bone healing, referred to as a nonunion. Such nonunion fractures often result from critical-size defects that will not completely heal over the natural lifetime of the animal. Based on this …

Go to article

Engineering Fibroblast-Remodeled Electrospun Matrices For Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration, Paul Bonvallet Jan 2014

Engineering Fibroblast-Remodeled Electrospun Matrices For Full-Thickness Skin Regeneration, Paul Bonvallet

All ETDs from UAB

Skin is often severely damaged, resulting in the need for surgical intervention. There are many limitations to current therapies, therefore a synthetic skin graft would be invaluable for skin regeneration. The focus of the current study is on developing engineered scaffolds with embedded dermal fibroblasts that can be remodeled into native skin tissue upon implantation. To achieve this goal we created electrospun scaffolds composed of collagen I and polycaprolactone (PCL), and then introduced pores to allow fibroblast infiltration. In initial experiments performed to optimize pore size and collagen to PCL concentration, we determined that a 160 µm pore diameter, and …

Go to article

Assessing The Active Kinome Of Influenza Virus Infected A549 Cells, Colm Atkins Jan 2014

Assessing The Active Kinome Of Influenza Virus Infected A549 Cells, Colm Atkins

All ETDs from UAB

Influenza A Virus is a respiratory pathogen of the family Orthomyxoviridae and causes significant worldwide morbidity and mortality during seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics. As with all viruses, influenza's limited coding capacity requires the use of host proteins and processes in its replication and release cycle. Phosphorylation, mediated by cellular kinases and phosphatases, represents a significant mechanism of post-translational modification of cellular products, and is responsible for regulating the activi-ty, lifespan and localization of many lipids and proteins in host-cells. Several cellular kinases have been associated with various steps of the Influenza lifecycle, including PKC-ßII (viral entry), PKR (host defense), …

Go to article

Il-8 Is Necessary And Sufficient For X-Ray Radiation Enhanced Endothelial Adhesion., Stephen Kyle Babitz Jan 2014

Il-8 Is Necessary And Sufficient For X-Ray Radiation Enhanced Endothelial Adhesion., Stephen Kyle Babitz

All ETDs from UAB

Ionizing radiation (IR) is a potent inflammatory stimulus to the human body. In the vasculature, inflammation is a major contributing factor for atherosclerosis. In addition, radiation from several sources has been linked with increased risk for multiple cardiovascular complications. A key compnent of radiation associated inflammation is an increase in the adhesiveness of the endothelium which leads to a pathogenic accumulation of leukocytes in the vascular wall. This is one of the initial steps in vascular inflammation and leads to a number of adverse complications such as heart disease and stroke. The molecular mechanisms behind radiaton enhanced endothelial adhesion have …

Go to article

Targeted Delivery Of Osteoinductive Peptides To Bone Graft Utilizing A Calcium Binding Domain To Enhance The Regenerative Potential, Jennifer Leigh Bain Jan 2014

Targeted Delivery Of Osteoinductive Peptides To Bone Graft Utilizing A Calcium Binding Domain To Enhance The Regenerative Potential, Jennifer Leigh Bain

All ETDs from UAB

Bone grafting procedures are common practice. Autogenous bone is considered optimal, however, complications associated with bone harvesting often lead clinicians to use off-the-shelf materials that have limited osteoinductivity. Alternatively, bioactive factors passively adsorbed onto various carriers are available. These materials, while effective, are expensive to produce, require supraphysiological doses, and have adverse side effects due to dissemination from the graft site. This dissertation aims to reintroduce osteoinductive factors to bone grafts to enhance regenerative capacity. Specifically, we utilized negatively-charged calcium-binding domains (polyglutamate) to anchor two osteoinductive peptides bone graft materials including an allograft, xenograft, alloplast, and bone cement. The peptides …

Go to article

Effects Of Storage On The Red Blood Cell And Its Implications For Transfusion, Ryan D. Stapley Jan 2014

Effects Of Storage On The Red Blood Cell And Its Implications For Transfusion, Ryan D. Stapley

All ETDs from UAB

Transfusion with red blood cells (RBC) remains a frontline therapy in critically ill patients. Recent studies have documented an association between storage duration and an increased incidence of transfusion-related toxicities. This transfusion-related toxicity is characterized by both a pro-inflammatory state and a microcirculatory dysfunction and is associated with changes that occur to the RBC and its media during storage referred to as the storage lesion. These changes that occur to the RBC include an increase in cell-free hemoglobin, heme, free iron, microparticles, as well as changes to the RBC itself. This thesis explores how these elements could contribute to transfusion-related …

Go to article

Translocation Of Shed Syndecan-1 To The Nucleus: A Novel Mechanism Of Tumor-Host Crosstalk, Mark Stewart Jan 2014

Translocation Of Shed Syndecan-1 To The Nucleus: A Novel Mechanism Of Tumor-Host Crosstalk, Mark Stewart

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells that disseminates throughout the body. Crosstalk between myeloma and host cells is critical to the establishment of a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth and progression. An important mediator of this crosstalk is syndecan-1, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Syndecan-1 is proteolytically shed from the surface of myeloma cells and is abundant in the bone marrow microenvironment and serum of myeloma patients. Shed syndecan-1 facilitates tumor-host crosstalk within the microenvironment to drive tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We now report for the first time that shed syndecan-1 can be taken up by a …

Go to article

Usp16 And Histone H2a Deubiquitination In Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Function, Wei Yang Jan 2014

Usp16 And Histone H2a Deubiquitination In Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Function, Wei Yang

All ETDs from UAB

In eukaryotic cells, genomic DNA is packaged into a chromatin structure by association with histone and non-histone proteins. Posttranslational modifications of histones play important roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and function. Ubiquitination of histone H2A (ubH2A) represents a predominate modification, occurring on ~10% of total cellular H2A. While H2A ubiquitination is primarily conferred by Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), H2A deubiquitination has been attributed to multiple H2A deubiquitinases. Our laboratory previously reported the purification and functional characterization of a H2A-specific deubiquitinase, USP16 (initially named as Ubp-M) in human cells. However, whether USP16 represents a general and important regulator …

Go to article

Multiple Human Itgam Variants Alter Mac-1, Fcgamma Receptor And Tlr Functions On Neutrophils, Yebin Zhou Jan 2014

Multiple Human Itgam Variants Alter Mac-1, Fcgamma Receptor And Tlr Functions On Neutrophils, Yebin Zhou

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple studies have demonstrated that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ITGAM locus (including the non-synonymous SNPs rs1143679, rs1143678 and rs1143683) are associated with SLE. ITGAM encodes the protein CD11b, a subunit of the ß2 integrin Mac-1. The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of ITGAM genetic variation on the biological functions of neutrophil Mac-1. Neutrophils from ITGAM genotyped and sequenced healthy donors were isolated for functional studies. The phagocytic capacity of neutrophil ITGAM variants was probed with complement coated erythrocytes, serum treated zymosan, heat treated zymosan and IgG coated erythrocytes. The adhesion capacity of ITGAM variants, in …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last