Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Teachers’ Perceptions Of An Integrated Nutrition Education Curriculum And The Impact On Preschoolers' Food Liking, Alicia Stapp, Laurel Lambert, Georgianna Mann, Kaitlyn Sills, Kenya Wolff

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Background: Nutrition education during early childhood that includes experiential learning, modeling, and family engagement can support lifelong healthy eating habits.

Purpose: The present study examined the impact of a nutrition-integrated, 32-week supplemental curriculum entitled Growing Healthy Minds, Bodies, and Communities on children’s exposure to fruits and vegetables, ability to identify fruits and vegetables, liking of fruit and vegetables, and teachers’ perceptions of the curriculum.

Methods: A pre- and post- fruit and vegetable pictorial Likert survey was administered to 261 Pre-K4 children. To investigate teachers’ perceptions of the curriculum, a post-intervention focus group was conducted with 19 teachers.

Results: Significant differences …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 65 Number 2, Fall 2024 [Print Issue 62:2], Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

12 - INCREASING ACCESS Discerning one’s dream requires a whole set of experiences based on community, opportunity, and, yes, cash. Leslie Griffy

16 - UNPACKING UTOPIA It seems like billionaire-backed utopias are popping up all over the map. What does it take to build a perfect city? Lauren Loftus

22 - A WEALTH OF WELL-BEING In his new book, Professor Meir Statman explores a holistic approach to financial and life well-being. Leslie Griffy

26 - A WOMAN'S PLACE Despite being denied access to the priesthood, Catholic women find new ways to lead. Leslie Griffy

Advances In Biomedical Research And Treatments: What Is Acceptable?, Michael L. Clancy, Khalid M. Iskandarani, Mitchell C. Mccrea

Journal of Health Ethics

This study investigated the technology acceptance (TA) of twenty-first century biomedical treatments by adults in the United States. A new TA instrument was created, using five distinct levels: (1) Healing and Prevention, (2) Replacement Organs, (3) Enhancements-Medical, (4) Enhancements-Discretionary, and (5) Transhumans. An on-line survey produced 353 usable responses, which showed distinct patterns for each of five biomedical treatment levels. There was clear support for Levels 1–3, but very strong opposition to Levels 4–5. The TA finding draws the line between which human interventions are acceptable versus others that should be prohibited through public policies and medical guidelines.

2024 Celebration Of Scholarship, Creativity, And Engagement, Todd Bruns, Anna Nelson

Programs

Annually, Eastern Illinois University honors faculty achievements in the areas of research, creativity, and engagement. The list of faculty accomplishments is truly impressive, reflective of an engaged faculty committed to excellence and the ongoing pursuit and creation of knowledge. Many of these accomplishments occurred in collaboration with our students, who serve as co-authors, research assistants and partners in bringing these activities to fruition. In some cases, these professional ambitions transpired over many years and are a testament to persistence and tenacity. We extend a sincere message of congratulations for this diverse range of achievements, which bring distinction to our departments, …

Spot Form Net Blotch And Its Management In Barley, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Grains and other field crops factsheets

Spot form net blotch (SFNB) has become increasingly more common in Western Australia (WA) due to the widespread cultivation of susceptible varieties, such as Spartacus CL and RGT Planet.

These crops generate large amounts of inoculum, which is carried between seasons on infected stubble. Crops grown onto or located close to infected stubble are at greatest risk of infection. The disease can be effectively managed using a combination of varietal selection, crop rotation, and fungicides.

Ophidiomyces Ophidiicola And Texas Snakes: A Field To Bench Study Of Ophidiomycosis, Kenlynn L. Volz

Biology Theses

Ophidiomyces ophidiicola (Oo), the primary cause of Ophidiomycosis, is a fungal pathogen recently detected in Texas snakes. Prior to this study, there were major knowledge gaps regarding Oo growth, spread, and suitable environmental conditions. This study filled those gaps using a field to bench approach involving sampling snakes across Texas, in vitro fungal growth, and ecological niche modeling. 103 snakes were sampled across Texas in 2023 and 2024 and six cases of Oo infection were detected. Results of the growth experiment suggest that Oo prefers more stable temperatures and high humidity to a point and that there is a …

Immune System, Your Very Favorite, Children's Health

English

single-page

Immune System (Spanish), Your Very Favorite, Children's Health

Spanish

single-page, Spanish

The Left Ventricle Under Stress: Exploring The Impact Of Gestational Stress On Postpartum Cardiovascular Health, Archana Ramesh

Senior Theses

A woman’s cardiovascular system undergoes several changes to equip it for the physiological demands of pregnancy. The left ventricle (LV) is most susceptible to changes such as increased cardiac output and workload because it is the primary chamber in the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body. Some mothers may be unable to cope with the physiological demands, and ventricular hypertrophy, along with other cardiac remodeling that takes place during pregnancy, may bring light to underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). The peripartum period often comes with heightened stress, disproportionately for certain populations, and this stress has been linked with …

Conditional Deletion Of Ceacam1 In Hepatic Stellate Cells Causes Their Activation, Harrison T. Muturi, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Suman Asalla, Sumona G. Lester, Getachew D. Belew, Sobia Zaidi, Raziyeh Abdolahipour, Abhishek P. Shrestha, Agnes O. Portuphy, Hannah L. Stankus, Raghd Abu Helal, Stefaan Verhulst, Sergio Duarte, Ali Zarrinpar, Leo A. Van Grunsven, Scott L. Friedman, Robert F. Schwabe, Terry D. Hinds, Jr., Sivarajan Kumarasamy, Sonia M. Najjar

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Objectives: Hepatic CEACAM1 expression declines with advanced hepatic fibrosis stage in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Global and hepatocyte-specific deletions of Ceacam1 impair insulin clearance to cause hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. They also cause hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, a condition characterized by excessive collagen production from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Given the positive effect of PPARg on CEACAM1 transcription and on HSCs quiescence, the current studies investigated whether CEACAM1 loss from HSCs causes their activation.

Methods: We examined whether lentiviral shRNA-mediated CEACAM1 donwregulation (KD-LX2) activates cultured human LX2 stellate cells. We also generated LratCre þ Cc1fl/fl mutants …

Breast Cancer Molecular Subtype Classification According To Immunohistochemistry Markers And Its Association With Pathological Characteristics Among Women Attending Tertiary Hospitals In Tanzania, Allyzain Ismail, Sajida Panjwani, Neelam Ismail, Caroline Ngimba, Innocent Mosha, Philip Adebayo, Ally Mwanga, Ali Zehri, Aidan Njau, Ali Athar

Family Medicine, East Africa

Background: Breast cancer immunohistochemistry is a biological characteristic of the tumour which has a role to diagnose molecular subtype, prognosticate and guide treatment and is categorised into 4 subtypes. Data in Tanzania was lacking and was based off data extrapolated from studies in Western Africa thus hypothesizing that women of African ancestry predominately develop Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at two tertiary referral hospitals on participants who were recruited from the cancer registries from 2015 to 2022. Prevalence of each molecular subtype was determined and association between molecular subtype to demographic and …

The Effects Of Cannabinoids On Migration-Related Protein Expression In Ewing’S Sarcoma, Allison Lashall

Theses

Ewing’s sarcoma is an aggressive pediatric bone cancer that has low five-year survival rates, primarily due to metastatic disease and resistance of recurring tumors to traditional treatment options; therefore, novel treatment options are needed. The compound cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to reduce cell viability, migration, and invasion in several tumor types, though the cellular mechanism of action is not well understood. Our lab has demonstrated the ability of CBD to reduce viability, migration, and invasion of Ewing’s sarcoma cells in vitro and is investigating differential protein and cytokine expression of known mediators of migration, such as intercellular adhesion molecule …

Low Prevalence Of Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection In Ugandan Children Hospitalized With Severe Malaria, Drew Capone, Nuzrath Jahan, Ruth Namazzi, Robert Opoka, Chandy John

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Co-infection by intestinal helminths and Plasmodium spp. may be common in endemic communities. Several studies have identified a relationship between helminth infection, Plasmodium spp. infection and malaria severity. However, the relationship is not well defined, and results are inconclusive. We analyzed stool samples from a cohort of children with severe malaria enrolled in two hospitals in Uganda from 2014-2017 and asymptomatic community children from the same household or neighborhood and enrolled at the same time, all 6 months to 48 months of age. We investigated if intestinal helminth infection modified risk of severe malaria. We extracted nucleic acids from stool …

Parallel Electrophysiological Abnormalities Due To Covid-19 Infection And To Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Dementia, Yang Jiang, Jennifer Neal, Pradoldej Sompol, Görsev Yener, Xianghong Arakaki, Christopher M. Norris, Francesca R. Farina, Agustin Ibanez, Susanna Lopez, Abdulhakim Al-Ezzi, Voyko Kavcic, Bahar Güntekin, Claudio Babiloni, Mihály Hajós

Neurology Faculty Publications

Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting “brain fog” and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting-state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present compelling evidence that cognitive deficits due to COVID-19 and to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) are driven by overlapping pathologies and neurophysiological abnormalities. EEG abnormalities seen in COVID-19 patients resemble those observed in early stages of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly ADRD. It is proposed that similar EEG abnormalities in …

"Deep Learning For Microscope Image Denoising", Nasreen Buhn, Sriya Adunur, Guy Hagen, Jonathan Ventura

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

In order to avoid damaging live cells, optical microscope imaging must be conducted under low-excitation light intensity and/or short exposure times, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Deep learning methods offer an effective solution for removing microscope noise, utilizing algorithms that are able to reconstruct finer features in low SNR images. This research explores the denoising capability of several deep learning methods based on PSNR and SSIM. Tested methods include traditional approaches (BMED), supervised learning (CARE and Restormer), and unsupervised methods (Noise2Fast, N2V, SSD-Unsupervised, and SASSID). The Restormer model, which employs an encoder-decoder transformer architecture and progressive learning, stood out …

Sex Differences In Metabolic Adaptation In Infants With Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease, Tina O Findley, Ana Carolina Palei, Kyung Serk Cho, Zhongming Zhao, Caleb Shi, Gouri Mahajan, Antonio Francesco Corno, Jorge Salazar, Louise Mccullough

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Female infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) face significantly higher postoperative mortality rates after adjusting for cardiac complexity. Sex differences in metabolic adaptation to cardiac stressors may be an early contributor to cardiac dysfunction. In adult diseases, hypoxic/ischemic cardiomyocytes undergo a cardioprotective metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis which appears to be regulated in a sexually dimorphic manner. We hypothesize sex differences in cardiac metabolism are present in cyanotic CHD and detectable as early as the infant period.

METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on blood samples (cyanotic CHD cases, n = 11; controls, n = 11) and analyzed …

Health Matters! Coloring And Activity Book (80-Pages), Your Very Favorite, Children's Health, Lorraine Sheldon, May Bressler

English

Health Matters! is a English-language health literacy resource designed for pediatric patients and their families. Written at an approximately 6th-grade reading level, it supports patient education through engaging coloring and activity pages.

The content covers a wide range of health and wellness topics, including body systems, nutrition, mental wellness, patient safety, and social-emotional skills such as building friendships and navigating conversations when returning to school. Developed for use in both hospital settings and the broader community, the resource promotes learning through interactive, age-appropriate activities.

This printable PDF version contains the complete collection of activities and comprises 80 pages. The resource …

Supporting African Communities To Increase Resilience And Mental Health Of Kids With Developmental Disabilities And Their Caregivers Using The World Health Organization’S Caregiver Skills Training Programme (Spark Trial): Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Clinical Controlled Trial, Melissa Nortey, Vibian Angweny, Beatrice Mkubwa, Rosa Hoekstra, Andrew Healey, Rahel Birhane, Nadine Seward, Temesgen Azmeraw, Fikite Girma

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Most children with developmental disabilities (DD) live in low- and middle-income countries, but access to services is limited, impacting their ability to thrive. Pilot study findings of the World Health Organization’s Caregiver Skills Training (WHO CST) intervention, which equips caregivers with strategies to facilitate learning and adaptive behaviours in children with DD, are promising but evidence from an appropriately powered trial delivered by non-specialist facilitators is lacking. This study will investigate the effectiveness and the resource impacts and costs and consequences of the WHO CST intervention in four sites in rural and urban Kenya and Ethiopia.

Methods: …

10.01.2024 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

NIH Podcast on simplified review framework

LINC lunch External Review

NIDA Diversity Supplements Webinar

Equipping Future Physicians With Artificial Intelligence Competencies Through Student Associations, Spencer Hopson, Carson Mildon, Kyle Hassard, Paul Urie, Dennis Della Corte

Faculty Publications

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical sector necessitate the development of AI literacy among future physicians. This article explores the pioneering efforts of the AI in Medicine Association (AIM) at Brigham Young University, which offers a framework for undergraduate pre-medical students to gain hands-on experience, receive principled education, explore ethical considerations, and learn appraisal of AI models. By supplementing formal, university-organized pre-medical education with a student-led, faculty-supported introduction to AI through an extracurricular academic association, AIM alleviates apprehensions regarding AI in medicine early and empowers students preparing for medical school to navigate the evolving landscape of AI in …

La Salud Es Importante: Libro De Actividades (80-Pages), Your Very Favorite, Children's Health, Lorraine Sheldon, May Bressler

Spanish

Health Matters! is a Spanish-language health literacy resource designed for pediatric patients and their families. Written at an approximately 6th-grade reading level, it supports patient education through engaging coloring and activity pages.

The content covers a wide range of health and wellness topics, including body systems, nutrition, mental wellness, patient safety, and social-emotional skills such as building friendships and navigating conversations when returning to school. Developed for use in both hospital settings and the broader community, the resource promotes learning through interactive, age-appropriate activities.

This printable PDF version contains the complete collection of activities and comprises 80 pages. The resource …

Considerations For Widespread Implementation Of Blood-Based Biomarkers Of Alzheimer's Disease, Michelle Mielke, Matthew Anderson, Wesson Ashford, Andreas Jeromin, Pei-Jung Lin, Allyson Rosen, Jamie Tyrone, Lawren Vandevrede, Deanna Willis, Zul Merali

Brain and Mind Institute

Diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses significant challenges to health care, often resulting in delayed or inadequate patient care. The clinical integration of blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) for AD holds promise in enabling early detection of pathology and timely intervention. However, several critical considerations, such as the lack of consistent guidelines for assessing cognition, limited understanding of BBM test characteristics, insufficient evidence on BBM performance across diverse populations, and the ethical management of test results, must be addressed for widespread clinical implementation of BBMs in the United States. The Global CEO Initiative on Alzheimer's Disease BBM Workgroup convened to address these challenges …

Recommendations For Clinical Implementation Of Blood-Based Biomarkers For Alzheimer's Disease, Michelle Mielke, Matthew Anderson, Wesson Ashford, Andreas Jeromin, Pei-Jung Lin, Allyson Rosen, Jamie Tyrone, Lawren Vandevrede, Deanna Willis, Zul Merali, Chinedu Momoh

Brain and Mind Institute

Blood-based biomarkers (BBM) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being increasingly used in clinical practice to support an AD diagnosis. In contrast to traditional diagnostic modalities, such as amyloid positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, BBMs offer a more accessible and lower cost alternative for AD biomarker testing. Their unique scalability addresses the anticipated surge in demand for biomarker testing with the emergence of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) that require confirmation of amyloid pathology. To facilitate the uptake of BBMs in clinical practice, The Global CEO Initiative on Alzheimer's Disease convened a BBM Workgroup to provide recommendations for two clinical implementational …

Mr-Linac-Guided Stereotactic Radiotherapy For Ct-Indiscernible Intravascular Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumours, Mihir D Shanker, Zhiqian Henry Yu, Jinzhong Yang, Surena Matin, Matthew T Campbell, Pavlos Msaouel, Nizar Tannir, Surendra Prajapati, Yao Ding, Belinda Lee, Angela Sobremonte, Chad Tang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inferior vena cava tumour thrombus (IVC‐TT) is a life‐threatening complication of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occurring in 10%–25% of patients with RCC with one third of patients having concurrent distant metastatic disease. ¹ , ² Surgical resection in the form of radical nephrectomy and caval thrombectomy is the established option for obtaining local control of the disease and is associated with long‐term oncologic control; however, only 50% of patients are operative candidates at time of diagnosis. ³ , ⁴ Untreated RCC IVC‐TT has a poor natural history, with a median survival of 5 months with a 1‐year disease‐specific survival …

Physical Exercise-Related Manifestations Of Long Covid: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Chen Zheng, Jun-Jie Chen, Zi-Han Dai, Ke-Wen Wan, Feng-Hua Sun, Jun-Hao Huang, Xiang-Ke Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically assess physical exercise-related symptoms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or long COVID) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors.

METHODS: Eight databases were systematically searched on March 03, 2024. Original studies that compared physical exercise-related parameters measured by exercise testing between COVID-19 survivors who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection over 3 months and non-COVID-19 controls were included. A random-effects model was utilized to determine the mean differences (MDs) or standardized MDs in the meta-analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 40 studies with 6241 COVID-19 survivors were included. The 6-min walk test, maximal oxygen consumption (VO …

Medical Students’ Self-Perceived Knowledge And Clinical Comfort With Genetics In Pakistan, Maheen Arshad, Angela Trepanier, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Rizwan Naeem, Saqib Mehmood, Myla Ashfaq

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pakistan has a high rate of genetic disorders and neonatal mortality concurrent with noted lack of genetic counselors and geneticists. To meet the needs of the patient population, the responsibility of providing clinical genetic services falls on general and specialty physicians. However, their education regarding these essential services is not standardized in medical school curricula nor has it ever been evaluated. The purpose of this work is to describe the self-perceived knowledge, clinical comfort, and perspectives of Pakistani medical students toward their medical genetics' education. A web-based survey was distributed electronically to medical schools around the country. The survey comprised …

Pre-Diagnosis Tea And Coffee Consumption And Survival After A Diagnosis Of Ovarian Cancer: Results From The Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Christina M Nagle, Torukiri I Ibiebele, Elisa V Bandera, Daniel Cramer, Jennifer A Doherty, Graham G Giles, Marc T Goodman, Gillian E Hanley, Holly R Harris, Allan Jensen, Susanne K Kjaer, Alice W Lee, Roger L Milne, Bo Qin, Jean Richardson, Naoko Sasamoto, Weiva Sieh, Kathryn L Terry, Linda Titus, Britton Trabert, Nicolas Wentzensen, Anna H Wu, Andrew Berchuck, Malcolm Pike, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Penelope M Webb

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Tea and coffee are the most frequently consumed beverages in the world. Green tea in particular contains compounds with potential anti-cancer effects, but its association with survival after ovarian cancer is uncertain.

METHODS: We investigated the associations between tea and coffee consumption before diagnosis and survival using data from 10 studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Data on tea (green, black, herbal), coffee and caffeine intake were available for up to 5724 women. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

RESULTS: Compared with women who did not drink …

Molecular Architecture And Functional Dynamics Of The Pre-Incision Complex In Nucleotide Excision Repair, Jina Yu, Chunli Yan, Tanmoy Paul, Lucas Brewer, Susan E Tsutakawa, Chi-Lin Tsai, Samir M Hamdan, John A Tainer, Ivaylo Ivanov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is vital for genome integrity. Yet, our understanding of the complex NER protein machinery remains incomplete. Combining cryo-EM and XL-MS data with AlphaFold2 predictions, we build an integrative model of the NER pre-incision complex(PInC). Here TFIIH serves as a molecular ruler, defining the DNA bubble size and precisely positioning the XPG and XPF nucleases for incision. Using simulations and graph theoretical analyses, we unveil PInC's assembly, global motions, and partitioning into dynamic communities. Remarkably, XPG caps XPD's DNA-binding groove and bridges both junctions of the DNA bubble, suggesting a novel coordination mechanism of PInC's dual incision. …

Superior Antitumor Immune Response Achieved With Proton Over Photon Immunoradiotherapy Is Amplified By The Nanoradioenhancer Nbtxr3, Yun Hu, Sébastien Paris, Narayan Sahoo, Qi Wang, Qianxia Wang, Hampartsoum B Barsoumian, Ailing Huang, Jordan Da Silva, Célia Bienassis, Claudia S Kettlun Leyton, Tiffany A Voss, Fatemeh Masrorpour, Thomas Riad, Carola Leuschner, Nahum Puebla-Osorio, Saumil Gandhi, Quynh-Nhu Nguyen, Jing Wang, Maria Angelica Cortez, James W Welsh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent findings suggest that immunoradiotherapy (IRT), combining photon radiotherapy (XRT) or proton radiotherapy (PRT) with immune checkpoint blockade, can enhance systemic tumor control. However, the comparative efficacy of XRT and PRT in IRT remains understudied. To address this, we compared outcomes between XRT + αPD1 and PRT + αPD1 in murine αPD1-resistant lung cancer (344SQR). We also assessed the impact of the nanoparticle radioenhancer NBTXR3 on both XRT + αPD1 and PRT + αPD1 for tumor control and examined the tumor immune microenvironment using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). Additionally, mice cured by NBTXR3 + PRT + αPD1 were rechallenged with …

Preventive Treatment With A Cd73 Small Molecule Inhibitor Enhances Immune Surveillance In K-Ras Mutant Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Lincoln N Strickland, Wendao Liu, Usama Hussein, Nicolette Mardik, Xian Chen, Tingting Mills, Lana A Vornik, Michelle I Savage, Shizuko Sei, John Clifford, Holger K Eltzschig, Powel H Brown, Zhongming Zhao, Florencia Mcallister, Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immunoprevention is an emerging consideration for solid tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We and others have shown that Kras mutations in genetic models of spontaneous pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), which is a precursor to PDAC, results in CD73 expression in the neoplastic epithelium and some populations of infiltrating immune cells, including macrophages and CD8 T cells. CD73 is an ecto-enzyme that converts extracellular adenosine monophosphate to adenosine, a critical immune inhibitory molecule in PDAC. We hypothesized inhibition of CD73 would reduce the incidence of PanIN formation and alter the immune microenvironment. To test our hypothesis, we used the KrasG12D; …