Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Isolation Of Trypanosoma Brucei From The Monitor Lizard (Varanus Niloticus) In An Endemic Focus Of Rhodesian Sleeping Sickness In Kenya, Zipporah Njagu, Steve Mihok, Elizabeth Kokwaro, Didier Verloo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Monitor lizards were sampled along the shores of Lake Victoria to detect natural infections of potentially human-infective trypanosomes. In an area with endemic rhodesian sleeping sickness, one of 19 lizards was infected (Busia, Kenya). Six of ten lizards also showed indirect evidence of infection with Trypanosoma brucei (antibody ELISA). In an area with no recent history of human disease (Rusinga Island), no parasites were found and no antibodies to T. brucei were detected. The isolate was identified as T. brucei through xenodiagnosis (completion of the life cycle in the salivary glands of tsetse), and through molecular techniques (positive reactions with …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 40 Number 4, March 1999, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - ENGAGING HEARTS AND MINDS By President Paul L. Locatelli, S.J. '60. Does an SCU education help students become more humane, more able to engage with life? Do students work to transform the world? Does a Santa Clara education fire both their hearts and minds?

12 - TREASURE ISLANDS By Sam Scott '96. The Women Broncos soccer team soars to the 1998 NCAA Finals. With a roster packed with talent, players and coach hold high hopes for 1999·

16 - SOCKING IT TO THEM By Connie Hinckley. Six SCU faculty emeriti apply intellectual curiosity and passion to their retirement …

Interpreting Patterns Of Gene Expression With Self-Organizing Maps: Methods And Application To Hematopoietic Differentiation, Pablo Tamayo, Donna Slonim, Jill Mesirov, Qing Zhu, Sutisak Kitareewan, Ethan Dmitrovsky

Dartmouth Scholarship

Array technologies have made it straightforward to monitor simultaneously the expression pattern of thousands of genes. The challenge now is to interpret such massive data sets. The first step is to extract the fundamental patterns of gene expression inherent in the data. This paper describes the application of self-organizing maps, a type of mathematical cluster analysis that is particularly well suited for recognizing and classifying features in complex, multidimensional data. The method has been implemented in a publicly available computer package, GENECLUSTER, that performs the analytical calculations and provides easy data visualization. To illustrate the value of such analysis, the …

Clinico-Morphological Pattern Of Intracranial Tumors In Children, Sajid H. Shah, Irshad N. Soomro, Akbar S. Hussainy, S H. Hassan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
The objective of present study was to observe the histopathological pattern of intracranial tumors in children (< 15 yrs) and to correlate the site of lesion along with the histological diagnosis.
Setting:
The study included consecutive cases of intracranial tumors diagnosed in children (< 15 yrs.) in the section of histopathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi during the period of three years.
Methods:
The initial histological evaluation of these lesions was performed on H and E stained section of paraffin embedded tissue. Special stains and immunohistochemical analysis was done whenever indicated.
Results:
During the study period, fifty-four cases of intracranial tumors were diagnosed in children. The age ranged from 1-1/2 years to 4 years with male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Astrocytoma comprised 39% of all intracranial tumors of childhood. Medulloblastoma …

Trypanosome Infection Rate In Cattle At Nguruman, Kenya, R. A. Tarimo-Nesbitt, T. K. Golder, R. D. Dransfield, M. F. Chaudhury, R. Brightwell

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Trypanosome infection rate in cattle at Nguruman was investigated in a study conducted in 1984-1986. Shifting pastoralism significantly reduced trypanosome infections in cattle. The cattle were more heavily infected with Trypanosoma congolense (16.5%) than Trypanosoma vivax (4.95%) and Trypanosoma brucei (0.19%). Trypanosoma theileri was observed only once among the cattle examined. Mixed trypanosome infections in cattle were observed to be 2.75% and 0.014% for T. congolense/T. vivax and T. congolense/T. brucei, respectively. The duration of infection in the cattle was 55 days for T. congolense and 79 days for T. vivax. High infections in cattle were observed 2 months after …

Nucleotide Sequences For Detection Of Serpulina Hyodysenteriae, Gerald E. Duhamel, Robert Elder

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The invention provides a method for detecting the presence of Serpulina hyodysenteriae in a biological Sample, an oligonucleotide primer and an S. hyodysenteriae-specific oligonucleotide probe useful in that method, and an article of manufacture that contains the primers and/or probe. Also provided are an about 2.3-kb DNA fragment derived from genomic DNA of S. hyodysenteriae and encoding for an about 56 kDa polypeptide, a recombinant expression vector containing the DNA fragment, the 56 kDa polypeptide and a monoclonal antibody reactive with the peptide, and a method of assaying for antibodies reactive with the 56 kDa peptide.

Induction Of Integral Membrane Pam Expression In Att-20 Cells Alters The Storage And Trafficking Of Pomc And Pc1, Giuseppe D. Ciccotosto, Martin R. Schiller, Betty A. Eipper, Richard E. Mains

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the COOH-terminal amidation of many neuroendocrine peptides. The bifunctional PAM protein contains an NH2-terminal monooxygenase (PHM) domain followed by a lyase (PAL) domain and a transmembrane domain. The cytosolic tail of PAM interacts with proteins that can affect cytoskeletal organization. A reverse tetracycline-regulated inducible expression system was used to construct an AtT-20 corticotrope cell line capable of inducible PAM-1 expression. Upon induction, cells displayed a time- and dose-dependent increase in enzyme activity, PAM mRNA, and protein. Induction of increased PAM-1 expression produced graded changes in PAM-1 metabolism. Increased expression of …

The Effects Of Free Fatty Acids On Gluconeogenesis And Glycogenolysis In Normal Subjects, X Chen, N Iqbal, G Boden

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

We have quantitatively determined gluconeogenesis (GNG) from all precursors, using a novel method employing 2H20 to address the question of whether changes in plasma free fatty acids (FFA) affect GNG in healthy, nonobese subjects. In the first study (n = 6), plasma FFA were lowered at 16 to 20 hours with nicotinic acid (NA) and were then allowed to rise at 20 to 24 hours (FFA rebound after administration of NA). FFA decreased from 387 microM at 16 hours to 43 microM at 20 hours, and then rebounded to 1,823 microM at 24 hours. GNG decreased from 58.1% at 16 …

Genetic And Transcriptional Analyses Of The Vibrio Cholerae Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutinin Type 4 Pilus Gene Locus, Jane W. Marsh, Ronald K. Taylor

Dartmouth Scholarship

The mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) of the Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype is a member of the family of type 4 pili. Type 4 pili are found on the surface of a variety of gram-negative bacteria and have demonstrated importance as host colonization factors, bacteriophage receptors, and mediators of DNA transfer. The gene locus required for the assembly and secretion of the MSHA pilus has been localized to a 16.7-kb region of the V. cholerae chromosome. Sixteen genes required for hemagglutination, including five that encode prepilin or prepilin-like proteins, have been identified. Examination of MSHA-specific cDNAs has localized two promoters …

Predictors Of Social Physique Anxiety In Adolescent Swimmers With Physical Disabilities, Jeffrey J. Martin

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose was to examine predictors of social physique anxiety (SPA) in adolescent swimmers with physical disabilities. Participants were 57 swimmers (27 females, 30 males, ages 16-19, M = 16.2) with various physical disabilities. A three-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in SPA between countries and among disabilities but not gender. Stepwise multiple regression results indicated that self-esteem and the self-identity subscale of the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) were the best predictors of SPA but that gender, country, and type of disability were not significant.

Interaction Of Laminin Beta2 With Eps8 And Desmin In Muscle Cells, Luke Xueliang Cui

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Laminin β2 is localized to the synaptic basal lamina (BL) in muscle and glomerular BL in kidney. To find interacting proteins, a mouse kidney cDNA library was screened with domain I of rat laminin β2 using the yeast two-hybrid system. Fifteen positive clones were found. The DNA sequence of three each of these clones corresponded to the phosphoprotein Eps8 (epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate clone 8, which is tyrosine phosphorylated after EGF stimulation) and the intermediate filament (IF) protein keratin. To determine if this interaction occurred in muscle cells, C2 cells transfected with the rat …

Genetic Monitoring In The Workplace: A Tool Not A Solution, Lillian Trettin, Catherine Musham, Richard Jablonski

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors differentiate between genetic monitoring and screening, and discuss the potential risks and benefits of predictive testing technologies.

The Study On Morphological And Physiological Characters Affecting The Productivity Of Some Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.) Genotypes Of Turkey, Ahmet Güler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Experimental material consisted of 36 selected colonies collected from 6 different regions of Turkey. During the swarming season 20 worker bees were taken from each colony in order to measure the morphological characters including corbicul and wax mirror area, tongue length and body size. Development of the colony population, brood rearing activity and honey yield during a season were determined and the hive was weighed weekly for 6 months under migratory beekeeping conditions. The relationships between some morphological and physiological characters which affected the productivity of genotypes were investigated. The average honey yields were found to be 24.38±3.58, 26.57±5.51, 57.15±3.43, …

Role Of Vitamin E In Decreasing The Toxic Effect Of Digoxin, İsmai̇l Meral, Burhanetti̇n Baydaş, Fahri̇ Bayiroğlu, Hamdi̇ Uysal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the role of vitamin E in decreasing the toxic effect of digoxin. Electrocardiographic recordings of New Zealand rabbits which were treated with digoxin-only or digoxin+vitamin E were used. Recordings were obtained before and 24 hours after treatments. It was found that digoxin-only treatment caused a sinusoidal tachicardia without changing the durations or amplitudes of any wave on the trace. However, digoxin+vitamin E treatment did not produce any increase in heart rate. It was concluded that vitamin E injection along with digoxin injection might lower the toxic effect of digoxin. More studies are needed …

Lateral Hypothalamic Nmda Receptor Subunits Nr2a And/Or Nr2b Mediate Eating: Immunochemical/Behavioral Evidence, Arshad Khan, Margarita Curras, Jennifer Dao, Faizi Jamal, Rishi Goel, Elizabeth Gillard, Stefany Wolfsohn, B. Stanley

Selected Works Temporary Series

No abstract provided.

Research Fundamentals: V. The Use Of Laboratory Animal Models In Research, Brian J. O'Neil, Jeffrey A. Kline, Keith Burkhart, John Younger

Biomedicine and Animal Models in Research Collection

Animal research has provided important information about many aspects of the pathophysiology of human disease. Well-performed animal studies can determine the potential benefit of many proposed therapeutic interventions, and experimental results from animal studies have served as the basis for many landmark clinical trials. Many animal research models are described in the research literature, and choosing the appropriate model to answer a research question can be a daunting task. Even more challenging is developing a new model when none of the existing systems are relevant to the proposed question. This article was prepared by members of the SAEM Research Committee …

Common Parasites, Diseases And Injuries Of Freshwater Fishes In The Northwest Territories And Nunavut, D. B. Stewart, L. M. J. Bernier

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

This booklet gives basic information on common parasites, diseases and injuries of fish harvested from fresh water in the Northwest Territories and Nunavut (Canada). It answers some of the more common questions asked by Aboriginal, domestic, sport and commercial harvesters, and by fisheries researchers. It is not an in depth treatment of fish health. Parasites that are uncommon or too small to be seen with the naked eye and diseases that are poorly known are not discussed. Relatively little research has been conducted on fish parasites in the region, less still on fish diseases and injuries.

Archaeal Aminoacyl-Trna Synthesis: Unique Determinants Of A Universal Genetic Code?, Michael Ibba, A. W. Curnow, J. Bono, P. A. Rosa, C. R. Woese, D. Söll

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 41 Number 3, Winter 1999, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - NOT WITH MY DAUGHTER, YOU DON'T! By Susan Fry. An SCU psychologist explores the correlation between dating and self-esteem for adolescent girls.

12 - COMMON GROUND FOUND By Tamara Straus. SCU has a new partner: the Smithsonian Center for Mate rials Research and Education. Together they are pursuing what a top-notch 21st-century education will require.

16 - THE NEW VOICES OF SANTA CLARA By Nichole Pichel, Miguel Legarreta, Charlene Abalos, Audrey Bilczo, and Jennifer Farris. Five incoming students share their experience of building values in a world of uneven prosperity, opportunity, and choice.

Cooperative Binding Of Heat Shock Factor To The Yeast Hsp82 Promoter In Vivo And In Vitro, Alexander M. Erkine, Serena F. Magrogan, Edward A. Sekinger, David S. Gross

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

revious work has shown that heat shock factor (HSF) plays a central role in remodeling the chromatin structure of the yeastHSP82 promoter via constitutive interactions with its high-affinity binding site, heat shock element 1 (HSE1). The HSF-HSE1 interaction is also critical for stimulating both basal (noninduced) and induced transcription. By contrast, the function of the adjacent, inducibly occupied HSE2 and -3 is unknown. In this study, we examined the consequences of mutations in HSE1, HSE2, and HSE3 on HSF binding and transactivation. We provide evidence that in vivo, HSF binds to these three sites cooperatively. This cooperativity is seen …

Lateral Hypothalamic Nmda Receptor Subunits Nr2a And/Or Nr2b Mediate Eating: Immunochemical/Behavioral Evidence, Khan, Margarita Curras, Jennifer Dao, Faizi Jamal, Rishi Goel, Elizabeth Gillard, Stefany Wolfsohn, B. Stanley

Departmental Papers (Biology)

No abstract provided.

Diagnosis Of Ovulation Rate And Embriyonal, Foetal Development By Transrectalultrasonography In The White Goats, Di̇lek Arsoy Başaran

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to check the ovulation rate, early pregnancy diagnosis, and the number of embryos and foetuses, and embryonic and foetal development using either FGA with a low dose PMSG(250 I.U.) or FGA without of PMSG in 2.5- 5.5-year-old white goats (Saanen X Kilis).Transrectal ultrasonography with a 5-7.5 MHz linear probe was used 7, 26, 33, 40, 50 and 57 days after mating. The ovulation rate was determined by the counting of corpora lutea in both of the ovaries 7 days after mating. The ovulation rate at day 7 in the PMSG group was (SE±)10.833±0.79, and …

A Review Of The Anticoagulant Pesticide Pindone, Laurie E. Twigg, Tim J. Lowe, Gary R. Martin, Garry S. Gray

Books & book chapters

A review of the use of pindone for rabbit control in Western Australia is timely due to increased public concern over the use of this toxin, and because non-target deaths of some native Australian animals have been known to occur following its use. Pindone is one of the first generation indandione anticoagulant rodenticides which were developed in the late 1940' s. The toxicity of anticoagulants arises from their inhibition of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the blood. Thus therapeutic administration of vitamin K provides a reliable antidote against anticoagulant poisoning. Pindone is slow acting and works best with repeated small …

Eradicating Virulent Footrot From Western Australia, R K. Mitchell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Western Australia has a unique opportunity to eradicate virulent footrot from the State's sheep flock, with only 62 properties or 0.6 per cent of sheep properties currently in quarantine. The majority of Western Australian flocks are now free of virulent footrot, with targeted on-farm and abattoir surveillance used to detect the remaining properties affected by the disease. Bob Mitchell reports on how farmers, industry, and government are working together, with research playing an important part in the eradication campaign.

Clinostomum Marginatum (Yellow Grub) Metacercaris In Black Bass From The Caddo River In West Arkansas, James J. Daly Jr., H. Michael Matthews, Randal J. Keller, James J. Daly

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Seventy-two bass (Micropterus-spp.), mostly smallmouth, were collected from three areas of the Caddo River in west Arkansas and examined for the presence of Clinostomum marginatum metacercariae. Prevalence, mean abundance, and abundance for all fish were 68%, and 4.2 ±6.5, and 30, respectively. Fish from the upstream area near the headwaters were more heavily infested than those from further downstream. A gill/total body larval ratio of seven, was found for bass from another Arkansas stream, was examined as a predictor for total Clinostomum populations instream bass. Using the formula gill parasites X seven divided by N(72), a value of 3.3 was …

The Atomic Force Microscope In The Elucidation Of Leukocyte Abnormality, Derbrenn O'Connor

Theses

The aim of this project was to investigate the novel use of the atomic force microscope (AFM) as a technique in the elucidation of leukocyte abnormality. To this end, comparative AFM imaging and elasticity studies were performed on normal and myeloid leukaemic leukocytes.

Initially, an evaluation of techniques for the isolation of specific leukocyte (e.g. lymphocytes, granulocytes, etc.) populations from whole blood or leukocyte concentrates, was carried out. It was found that a silanised glass surface failed to select and immobilise a leukocyte population. However, centrifugation of whole blood in an Isopaque-ficoll gradient solution yielded a viable mixed leukocyte population …

Can Large Dsdna-Containing Viruses Provide Information About The Minimal Genome Size Required To Support Life?, James L. Van Etten

James Van Etten Publications

The genomes of a few viruses, such as Bacillus megaterium phage G (670 kb) and the chlorella viruses (330 to 380 kb), are larger than the predicted minimal genome size required to support life (ca. 320 kb). A comparison of the 256 proteins predicted to be required for life with the putative 376 proteins encoded by chlorella virus PBCV-1, as well as those encoded by other large viruses, indicates that viruses lack many of these “essential” genes. Consequently, it is unlikely that viruses will aid in determining the minimal number and types of genes required for life. However, viruses may …

Effects Of Dietary Supplementation With Organic Acids And Zinc Bacitracinon Ileal Microflora, Ph And Performance In Broilers, Müjdat Alp, Neşe Kocabağli, Recep Kahraman, Kami̇l Bostan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of an organic acid combination (Acid Lac Dry: lactic, fumaric, propionic, citric and formic acid) and/or zinc bacitracin on the body weight gain, feed efficiency, microflora and pH in the ileum content of broiler-type chicks. Ross PM3 broiler chicks were placed in an experimental design that consisted of four dietary treatments with 48 broilers in each group. One-day-old chicks were fed either a control diet or a similar diet supplemented with 3 g/kg Acid Lac Dry, 0.1 g/kg zinc bacitracin or both additives in combination during a 42-d feeding trial. Acid Lac …

A Study On Rearing Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) In The Net Cages In Almus Dam Lake, Mehmet Karataş, A. İhsan Toğlaci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the growth parameters of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynhcus mykiss) in net cages in Almus Dam Lake. The experiment continued for a period of 105 days between May 1 and August 15 1996. During the experiment 6480 rainbow trout with an average weight of 50 g were used. Experimental groups of 50 g mean initial body weight reached 279 g mean final weight by the end of the experiment.

Arsenic Residues In Grey Mullets Caught In Lake Van, Ali̇ Bi̇lgi̇li̇, Ender Yarsan, İdri̇s Türel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, pollution caused by arsenic residues in grey mullets (Chalcarburnus tarichii, Pallas 1811) living in Van Lake were investigated. A Total 120 samples, from the four seasons from 01.01.1994 to 01.01.1995 were collected. The organic parts of the muscles were washed with a mixture of magnesium oxide and magnesium nitrate according to the dry ash method and arsenic residues were measured by silver diethyl dithyocarbamate in a spectrophotometer. By analyzing the 120 fish samples, arsenic residues were calculated to be 0.009 - 0.347 ppm (average 0.051±0.046). In light of these results as the arsenic residues in grey mullets …