Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Is The Fluid Milk Subsector Competitive In Turkey?, Seli̇m Adem Hatirli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The significant increase in the concentration ratio in Turkey’s fluid milk market has heightened concern about the exercise of market power. During 1980-98, the 4-firm concentration ratio and Herfindahl index increased by 11% and 33%, respectively. In this study, we estimated the degree of imperfection in the fluid milk market at retail level using the New Empirical Industrial Organization approach during the period 1980-98. For this purpose, the demand equation and first-order-profit maximization condition, which allow the degree of market power to be determined, were estimated. Using 2-stage-least-square estimation, market power was found to be 0.11. This parameter shows that …

Prevalence Of Eimeria Species In Lambs In Antakya Province, Gali̇p Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to identify Eimeria species in lambs in Antakya province. For this purpose, 248 samples were collected from 34 randomly selected lamb herds in 6 different towns. In the laboratory examination of samples, 10 different Eimeria species were identified in Antakya province. These species were E. ahsata (11.29%), E. bakuensis (38.70%), E. crandallis (64.91%), E. faurei (11.29%), E. intricata ( 9.27%), E. marsica (16.93%), E. ovinoidalis (55.24%), E. pallida (3.62%), E. parva (13.30%), and E. weybridgensis (30.24%). Among these species, E. weybridgensis, E. marsica and the varieties of E. crandallis (small and blue varieties) are reported for …

6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase: Purification, Characterization And Kinetic Properties From Rat Erythrocytes, Şükrü Beydemi̇r, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Hayrullah Yilmaz, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this paper, a simple and rapid method for the purification of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from rat erythrocytes together with an analysis of the kinetic behavior and some properties of the enzyme are considered. The purification steps comprised high-speed centrifugation, 20-50% ammonium sulfate precipitation and 2', 5'-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity gel chromatography. The yield was 78.4% and the specific enzyme activity was 5.15 EU/mg proteins. The molecular mass of the subunit was estimated to be 59,566 Da by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and native enzyme was found to be 111,000 Da by gel filtration column chromatography. The enzyme had an …

Size Composition, Growth Characteristics And Stock Analysis Of The Pikeperch, Sander Lucioperca (L. 1758), Population In Lake Eğirdir, İsmet Balik, Hidir Çubuk, Remzi̇ye Özkök, Rahmi̇ Uysal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted between March 2001 and February 2002 to investigate the size composition, growth characteristics and stock size of the pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L. 1758), population of Lake Eğirdir. In the population, the rate of individuals more than 2 years of age and 20 cm was very low. The average length and weight of the commercial catch were also low. The length-weight relationship and von Bertalanffy growth equation were W = 0.006 L^{3.148} and L_t = 95.4*(1-e^{-0.0841(t+1.5638)}), respectively, and the average condition factor was 0.992. This last value is higher than those reported in other studies on the …

Alterations In Some Haematological And Biochemical Parameters In Cattle Suffering From Foot- And -Mouth Disease, Gürbüz Gökçe, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Gökce, Vehbi̇ Güneş, Hi̇dayet Meti̇n Erdoğan, Mehmet Çi̇ti̇l

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was designed to evaluate serum biochemical and haematological parameters and serum nitrate concentrations in cattle suffering from foot- and -mouth disease (FMD). For this purpose, 30 Swiss Brown cattle aged between 3 and 5 years were used. Twenty cattle showed characteristic clinical signs of FMD, whereas the remaining 10 were clinically healthy and used as controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected from both groups and used to establish total white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (Hb), and haematocrit (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH). Serum …

Dairy Cattle Farming In Kars District, Turkey: I. Characteristics And Production, Hi̇dayet Meti̇n Erdoğan, Mehmet Çi̇ti̇l, Vehbi̇ Güneş, Mustafa Saatci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objectives of the present study were to determine farm characteristics and production traits on dairy farms in Kars. A 2-stage stratified random sampling strategy was used to select localities (7) and farms (45). The study involved an interview with the farmers and regular visits to the farms. The survey identified important farm characteristics including demography, production and management practices. The results describe (a) farm demographics (number of family members, education of farmers, animal caretakers employed, types of herds, herd sizes, breeds, and age categories), (b) farm management practices; management at feeding (type, source, storage of feedstuffs, feeding, water supply …

Acid-Base Status And Blood Gas Analysis In Three Different Anaesthesia Schemes In Dogs, Galina Petkova Simeonova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Changes in the parameters of acid-base status and blood gas analysis in 3 main methods of anaesthesia in dogs were investigated. The experiment was carried out in 22 male and female dogs, matched for breed, age and body weight and divided into 3 groups. Animals from the first group (n = 8) were subjected to standard inhalation anaesthesia using halothane. Those from the second group (n = 7) received balanced anaesthesia using pancuronium, and those from the third group (n = 7) received epidural lumbosacral anaesthesia using lidocaine. Arterialised capillary blood samples were obtained from all animals in the following …

Morphometry Of The Lymph Nodes Excluding The Thoracic And Abdominal Cavity In Wistar Rats, İlknur Dabanoğlu, Hüsnü Erbay Bardakçioğlu, Fi̇gen Sevi̇l, Di̇dem Alp

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ten male adult Wistar rats were used to obtain some measurements of the lymph nodes located in the head, neck, forelimb and hindlimb. The lymph nodes were marked by the injection of Evans Blue and were then dissected. In order to provide sufficient data for the morphometric properties of lymph nodes, the lymph nodes on each side were counted, and the longest and widest diameters of the lymph nodes were also measured. The mandibular lymph nodes were found to be higher in number in comparison with the other lymph nodes investigated. The largest was found in the axillary accessory lymph …

Replacement Of Fetal Calf Serum With Synthetic Serum Substitute In The In Vitro Maturation Medium: Effects On Maturation, Fertilization And Subsequent Development Of Cattle Oocytes In Vitro, Hakan Sağirkaya, Mehmet Yağmur, Zekari̇ya Nur, Mustafa Kemal Soylu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using synthetic serum substitute (SSS) instead of fetal calf serum (FCS) in maturation medium to stimulate in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization (IVF) and subsequent development of bovine oocytes. Ovaries were obtained from a local slaughterhouse. Selected oocytes were matured in tissue culture medium 199 (M-199) supplemented with 2 mM glutamine + 0.25 mM Na-pyruvate + 0.5 µg/ml of FSH + 5 µg/ml of LH + 25 µg/ml of gentamycin and 10% FCS or 10% SSS (FCS and SSS groups, respectively) for 22 h. Matured oocytes were fertilized in vitro …

Use Of Spermac® Staining Technique In The Determination Of Acrosomal Defects In Cat Semen, Alper Baran, Başak Evri̇m Şahi̇n, Mi̇that Evecen, Kamber Demi̇r, İ. Kamuran İleri̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The types and rates of acrosome and other (head, mid-piece and tail) abnormal spermatozoon types were determined by the Spermac® staining technique. Semen from 5 stray tom cats under the same management conditions was used. Semen collection was performed under general anesthesia by electro-ejaculator once a week for 5 weeks. After ejaculation the semen was diluted by 100 µl of 0.9% NaCl solution and stained with Spermac® stain for morphological evaluation. The morphological criteria were acrosome, other (head, mid-piece and tail) and total morphological defect rates, and were 9.20 ± 2.55%, 9.20 ± 3.49% and 18.40 ± 4.79%, respectively. It …

Occurrence Of Aflatoxin M_1 In Some Cheese Types Sold In Erzurum, Turkey, Mustafa Gürses, Ahmet Erdoğan, Bülent Çeti̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixty-three samples of cheese consisting of 23 White cheeses, 14 Kaşar cheeses, 11 Tulum cheeses, 9 Civil cheeses and 6 Lor cheeses (whey-curd), were analyzed for the occurrence of aflatoxin M_1 (AFM_1) using enzymatic immunoassay. In 28 of 63 samples (44.44%), the presence of AFM_1 was detected in concentrations between 7 ng/kg and 202 ng/kg. The mean levels of AFM_1 were 28.08 ng/kg in White cheeses, 22.80 ng/kg in Kaşar cheeses, 74.05 ng/kg in Tulum cheeses, 12.32 ng/kg in Civil cheeses and 15.95 ng/kg in Lor cheeses.

The Effect Of Dietary Oils Of Vegetable Origin On The Performance, Body Composition And Fatty Acid Profiles Of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L., 1758) Juveniles, Mustafa Yildiz, Erdal Şener

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Body fat composition and growth performance of sea bass juveniles fed with different kinds of vegetable oils instead of fish oil were studied. Feeding trials were carried out with 600 sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) juveniles with on initial live weight of 7.58 ± 0.13 g. Experimental feeds contained fish oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, corn oil and olive oil. In the chemical analyses of the experimental feeds, total crude fat was 12.33 ± 0.24% and total crude protein was 57.42 ± 0.31%. According to fatty acid analyses EPA (7.57%) and DHA (11.91%) in the feed containing fish oil, linolenic …

Early Intervention For The Management Of Acute Low Back Pain: A Single Blind Randomised Controlled Trial Of Biopsychosocial Education, Manual Therapy And Exercise, Benedict Wand, Christien Bird, James H. Mcauley, Caroline J. Dore, Maureen Macdowell, Lorraine H. De Souza

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Design: A single blind randomised controlled trial comparing two models of care for patients with simple acute low back pain (ALBP).

Objectives: To compare two research-based models of care for ALBP, and investigate the effect of the timing of physical intervention. Summary of Background Data National guidelines offer conflicting information on the delivery of physical treatment in the management of ALBP. Review of guidelines suggests two different models of care. Direct comparisons between these models are lacking in the literature. The present study aims to compare these two approaches to the management of ALBP.

Method: Among 804 referred patients, 102 …

A Drosophila Protein-Interaction Map Centered On Cell-Cycle Regulators, Clement A. Stanyon, Guozhen Liu, Bernardo A. Mangiola, Nishi Patel, Loic Giot, Bing Kuang, Huamei Zhang, Jinhui Zhong, Russell L. Finley Jr

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Maps depicting binary interactions between proteins can be powerful starting points for understanding biological systems. A proven technology for generating such maps is high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening. In the most extensive screen to date, a Gal4-based two-hybrid system was used recently to detect over 20,000 interactions among Drosophila proteins. Although these data are a valuable resource for insights into protein networks, they cover only a fraction of the expected number of interactions.

Results

To complement the Gal4-based interaction data, we used the same set of Drosophila open reading frames to construct arrays for a LexA-based two-hybrid system. We …

The Evolving Role Of Lipid Rafts And Caveolae In G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling: Implications For Molecular Pharmacology, Rennolds S. Ostrom, Paul A. Insel

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The many components of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction provide cells with numerous combinations with which to customize their responses to hormones, neurotransmitters, and pharmacologic agonists. GPCRs function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for heterotrimeric (α, β, γ) G proteins, thereby promoting exchange of GTP for GDP and, in turn, the activation of ‘downstream’ signaling components. Recent data indicate that individual cells express mRNA for perhaps over 100 different GPCRs (out of a total of nearly a thousand GPCR genes), several different combinations of G-protein subunits, multiple regulators of G-protein signaling proteins (which function as GTPase activating proteins), and various …

Impaired Antigen Receptor Induced Calcium Mobilization In A Phospholipase C-Gamma1 Deficient B Cell Line., Natarajan Muthusamy, Do Joon Park, Hei-Won Rho, Sue Goo Rhee, Subbarao Bondada

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

B lymphocytes express phospholipase C-gamma(1) (PLC-gamma(1)) and phospholipase C-gamma(2) (PLC-gamma(2)) isozymes. However, the relative importance of these two isozymes in B cell signaling is not known. We report here the identification and analysis of a B cell line deficient in PLC-gamma(1). Mature splenic B lymphocytes and a panel of cell lines representing pre-B, immature and mature B cell stages expressed phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma), but not the beta or delta isoforms of phospholipase C (PLC). While all the tested B cell lines and primary splenic B cells expressed PLC-gamma(1) and PLC-gamma(2) isozymes, the L1.2 B cell line exclusively expressed PLC-gamma(2), but …

Tolerance Of The Fetus By The Maternal Immune System: Role Of Inflammatory Mediators At The Feto-Maternal Interface, Colette Kanellopoulos-Langevin, Stephane M. Caucheteux, Philippe Verbeke, David M. Ojcius

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The adaptive immune system of placental mammals has evolved to tolerate the fetus. Rejection of the fetus by adaptive immune responses is therefore a rare event, with abortion being caused more frequently by inflammation in the placenta. This review will cover recent aspects of immune privilege and the innate immune system at the feto-maternal interface, citing examples of the role played by microbial infections in fetal demise.

Ethical Issues In The Use Of Animals In Biomedical And Psychopharmocological Research, John P. Gluck, Jordan Bell

Experimentation Collection

Rationale: The ethical debate concerning the use of animals in biomedical and pharmacological research continues to be replete with misunderstandings about whether animals have moral standing. Objectives: This article briefly reviews the central ethical positions and their relationship to the basic parameters of research regulation from an international perspective. The issues associated with the validation of animal models will then be discussed. Finally, suggestions for empirical ethics research will be presented. Methods: Recent literature reviews were accessed and analyzed. Results: This review summarizes the pertinent ethical and research literature. Conclusions: In summary, regardless of the ethical perspective one favors, there …

Sensory Evaluation Of Gluten-Free Brownies Prepared Using Green Banana Flour, Banana-Potato Blend And Rice-Potato-Tapioca Blend, Sonia F. Murgueytio

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing numbers of people worldwide are being diagnosed with Celiac Disease, an intestinal disorder caused by ingestion of foods containing gluten. Traditional baked goods are prepared using wheat flour that contains gluten. Literature suggests that the absorptive surface of the small intestine is damaged in people susceptible to gluten. Alternative gluten-free products are needed to improve the health of people with this disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the overall acceptability and palatability of chocolate brownies made with 100% banana flour or a blend of banana flour and potato starch. Appearance, color, texture, flavor and overall acceptability …

Determination Of The Optimal Form Of A Dna Vaccine To Induce An Effective Immune Response Against A Murine B-Cell Lymphoma, Deepti Aurora

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tumor vaccines are a promising alternative to chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer. To be effective and safe, a cancer vaccine should specifically target antigens expressed only on tumor cells. The B-cell tumor-derived Ig receptor may be considered a model tumor antigen for cancer vaccine development. Specifically the immunoglobulin idiotype (ld) encoded by the variable region genes (VH and VL) provides a target antigen. Promising results have been obtained in clinical studies of ld vaccination using ld proteins. However, ld protein is laborious and time-consuming to produce. Gene-based vaccines, on the other hand, are inexpensive and offer ease of manipulation …

Does Exercise And Placement Technique Affect Triceps Surae Thermocouple Position As Measured By Magnetic Resonance Imaging?, Breanne A. Piatt

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Intramuscular temperatures are commonly recorded with the use of implantable thermocouples. Currently, there are 2 techniques of inserting intramuscular thermocouples, a traditional technique, which inserts the thermocouple with a sterile hypodermic needle, then retracts the needle, and a catheter-assisted technique, which uses a spring-loaded catheter to insert the catheter then a thermocouple is fed through the catheter to target position. Objective: The purpose of this study was first to investigate whether or not target position is obtained with either insertion method. A second purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of movement that occurs after exercise. Lastly, …

Comparison Of Bracket Bond Strength By Total, Self-Etch And Laser Treatment, Kyo Sung Shawn Kim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Laser etching of enamel surfaces alters the physical and chemical characteristics of the enamel. These changes in characteristics enhance the bonding to enamel. The purpose of this study was to compare the shear and tensile bond strength of Er,Cr:YSGG hydrokinetic laser system (Biolase) with 37% phosphoric acid and self etching primer 30 minutes and 72 hours after bonding. Four different laser power output setting was observed: 1.5W, 2.0W, 2.5W, and 3.0W. Two hundred forty bovine teeth free of defect, caries, and dentin exposure were mounted in acrylic resin and divided into 24 groups of 10 teeth. Sixteen groups of 10 …

A Bond Strength Comparison Of Led And Halogen Light Curing Units, John Richard Kavanagh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this research was to compare the tensile bond strength of orthodontic flat based buttons bonded to bovine teeth with four commercial light-emitting diode (LED) curing lights and one conventional quartz tungsten halogen (QTH) curing light.

The dental market has recently been introduced to a number of commercially available light-emitting diode (LED) curing lights. Tensile bond strength was evaluated for LED curing lights (Rembrandt® Allegro^TM, Den-Mat Corp, Santa Maria, CA), (LEDemetron, Kerr/Demetron Corp, Danbury, Conn), (Ortholux LED, 3M^TMESPE^TM, St. Paul, MN),and (FLASH-lite 1001, Discus Dental, Culver City, CA) are compared with one …

The Histological Effects Of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis On Rabbit Condyles, Eunice Jungmin Hong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present study is a histological evaluation of condyles taken from rabbits that underwent either a midline or paramedian distraction osteogenesis procedure on the mandibles. Fifteen rabbits were originally operated on and eight of these fifteen successfully made it through both the distraction osteogenesis procedure and the 1 month holding period that followed. There was one control animal.

In the present study, the condyles from these nine rabbits (1 control, 2 midline distraction osteogenesis, 6 paramedian distraction osteogenesis) were prepared for histological evaluation (18 total). Step serial sections were cut along the coronal plane and the sections from the anterior …

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2003, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The faculty and staff of the Animal Science Program are pleased to present the sixth edition of the Arkansas Animal Science Report. As with virtually all programs in the country, budget constraints presented serious challenges to teaching, research, and extension programming. However, the faculty and staff responded with innovation, good management, and hard work to maintain a productive program designed to benefit the students of the University and the citizens of the state. We are committed to remaining faithful to our Land-Grant mission. A sincere thank you is owed to Dr. Zelpha Johnson and Dr. Wayne Kellogg for editing this …

The Effects Of Hypnosis And Guided Imagery On The Performance Of Track Athletes, Johnathan C. Mossey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although sport psychologists may utilize numerous hypnotic interventions and techniques intended to enhance the performance of athletes, many of these interventions have not been examined by systematic research. This exploratory study examined the effects of interventions using imagery and imagery plus hypnosis on the performance of track athletes. Twenty-nine students from a Midwestern high school track team were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: a) imagery and hypnosis or b) an imagery only group. Track team members at another high school served as the control group. The athletes in each group had their performance examined at track meets …

Reconstructing The Genomic Architecture Of Mammalian Ancestors Using Multispecies Comparative Maps, William J. Murphy, Guillaume Bourque, Glenn Tesler, Pavel Pevzner, Stephen J. O'Brien

Biology Faculty Articles

Rapidly developing comparative gene maps in selected mammal species are providing an opportunity to reconstruct the genomic architecture of mammalian ancestors and study rearrangements that transformed this ancestral genome into existing mammalian genomes. Here, the recently developed Multiple Genome Rearrangement (MGR) algorithm is applied to human, mouse, cat and cattle comparative maps (with 311-470 shared markers) to impute the ancestral mammalian genome. Reconstructed ancestors consist of 70-100 conserved segments shared across the genomes that have been exchanged by rearrangement events along the ordinal lineages leading to modern species genomes. Genomic distances between species, dominated by inversions (reversals) and translocations, are …

Comparison Of Double Disc And Combined Disc Method For The Detection Of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases In Enterobacteriaceae, K Jabeen, A Zafar, Rumina Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
/="/">To compare double disc approximation and combined disc method for their ability to detect extended spectrum b lactamase (ESBL) production in enterobacteriaceae and determine the percentage of isolates which are falsely reported as sensitive in absence of ESBL detection, in a clinical microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital between September-October 2002.
/="/">Methods:
/="/">Selected isolates were identified according to standard biochemical tests. Disc susceptibility tests were performed according to NCCLS. ESBL detection by combined disc [cefotaxime (30 ug) versus cefotaxime plus clavulanate (30+10 ug)] was compared with detection using double discs [amoxy-clavulanic acid (20+10 ug) and …

Presentation Of Allergen In Different Food Preparations Affects The Nature Of The Allergic Reaction: A Case Series, K. E. C. Grimshaw, R. M. King, Julie A. Nordlee, S. L. Hefle, John O. Warner, J. O.'B. Hourihane

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background: Characterization of fatal and nonfatal reactions to food indicates that the majority of reactions are due to the ingestion of prepared foods rather than the nonprocessed allergen. In an ongoing study that used a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge to investigate peanut allergy and clinical symptoms, the observed reaction severity in four of the first six subjects was greater than anticipated. We hypothesized that this was due to differences in the composition of the challenge vehicle.

Objective: The aim was to investigate whether the severity of observed challenge reactions would be repeated on rechallenge with a lower fat …

Bioethics: Everything You Wanted To Know About Life Or Death, But Were Afraid To Ask, St Mary's University

President's Peace Commission - Programs

The President’s Peace Commission existed from 1984 to 2013 at St. Mary's University. The Commission fostered an ethical commitment to participate in the establishment of world peace and social justice.

This program is about genetic technologies, ethical issues in human and animal experimentation and physician assisted suicide.