Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

High Protein Meals May Benefit Fat Oxidation And Energy Expenditure In Individuals With Higher Body Fat, M. Batterham, R. Cavanagh, Arthur Jenkins, Linda C. Tapsell, G. Plasqui, P. Clifton

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aim: Fat oxidation is impaired in obesity. The aim of this study was to determine if fat oxidation, seen in a high protein meal response, was influenced by body composition.

Methods: Subjects were provided with control (14% protein, glycemic index, GI 65), high protein high GI (33% protein, GI 74), and high protein low GI (35% protein, GI 45) meals. Substrate oxidation and energy expenditure were measured in room calorimeters over 8 hours in 18 subjects. Results were compared using a repeated measures ANOVA with a customised post-hoc analysis (to compare the protein diets averaged versus control and …

Nutrition In The Prevention Of Chronic Disease, Linda C. Tapsell, Y. C. Probst

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Increasing prevalence rates of chronic disease requires a more sophisticated view of the effects of food on health. This review examines the evidence base for the effects of food on health and discusses food based health strategies.

Internet Food Marketing On Popular Children's Websites And Food Product Websites In Australia, Bridget P. Kelly, Katarzyna Bochynska, Kelly Kornman, Kathy Chapman

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the nature and extent of food marketing on popular children’s websites and food product websites in Australia. Methods: Food product websites (n 119) and popular children’s websites (n 196) were selected based on website traffic data and previous research on frequently marketed food brands. Coding instruments were developed to capture food marketing techniques. All references to food on popular children’s websites were also classified as either branded or non-branded and according to food categories. Results: Websites contained a range of marketing features. On food product websites these marketing features included …

Do Australian Primary School Environments Affect Children's Playground Physical Activity Levels?, Anne-Maree Parrish, Donald Iverson, Kenneth Russell, Heather Yeatman

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Health Claims And Food Advertising: Comparison Of Marketing And Nutrition Experts' Ratings Of Magazine Advertisements, Sandra C. Jones, Peter Williams, Linda C. Tapsell, Kelly L. Andrews

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

To determine the nature and differences in expert opinion from the fields of nutrition and marketing on the use of health claims in the 30 most frequently appearing Australian magazine food advertisements, a survey was conducted with 28 nutritionists and 21 marketing experts in Australia and New Zealand. The experts assessed the advertisements with respect to the accuracy of the nutrition claims, the tactics and intentions of the advertising strategy and the accessibility of the nutrition information to lay consumers. Of 28 advertisements where a claim was identified, for only one did more than 90% believe the claim to be …

You Are What Your Children Eat: Using Projective Techniques To Investigate Parents' Perceptions Of The Food Choices Parents Make For Their Children, Gary I. Noble, Sandra C. Jones, Danielle Mcvie

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying reasons for parents' decisions about their children's diets. This study used the projective methodologies of picture response and third-person techniques (projective questioning), which are designed to elicit people's underlying motivations, beliefs, attitudes and concerns, particularly those beliefs which people find hard to articulate. We found a significant difference in parents' perceptions of the woman in the scenario in response to all four of the statements that related directly to food choices. This study provides support for the contention that parents reports of their intentions and behaviours regarding food choices for …

The 3 Omegas - Not As Easy As 1, 2, 3, Barbara Meyer

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A fatty acid database developed by Mann & others (2003) was used to determine the Australian intakes and food sources of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from the 1995 National Nutrition Survey (NNS). Average daily intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were 0.056, 0.026, and 0.106 g/d respectively (Meyer & others 2003). Subsequent inclusion of newly available data on meats into the fatty acid database and re-analysis of the NNS resulted in higher calculated intake of DPA (0.071 g/d) because DPA content of meats was previously underestimated (Howe & others 2006). However, fish/seafood …

Planning For The Development Of Evidence Based Guidelines For The Nutritional Management Of Obesity In Saudi Arabia, A. M. Almajwal, P. G. Williams, M. J. Batterham, A. M. Alothman

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To seek agreement from key stakeholders on the main issues, considerations and key questions that need to be addressed when developing evidence based guidelines for nutritional management of obesity in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Forty six health professionals (including, dietitians, physicians, academics and government representatives) participated in an invited workshop held in Riyadh in June 2007. Participants were divided into groups to discuss five topics: priority areas to include in a critical literature review, best formats for presentation of guidelines, particular local issues to consider, information to be included in appendices, and methods to encourage the adoption and use of …

What Is The Effect Of A Physical Activity Program On Foot Structure & Function In Overweight & Obese Children?, D. L. Riddiford-Harland, J. R. Steele, L. A. Baur, Dylan P. Cliff, Anthony D. Okely, P. J. Morgan, R. A. Jones

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

It has been speculated that the higher peak pressures typically generated beneath the feet of overweight/obese children may result in excessive discomfort of these children’s developing feet (Mickle et al. 2006, Dowling et al. 2001), in turn, acting as a deterrent to them participating in physical activity. Apart from perpetuating the cycle of obesity via decreased energy expenditure, physical inactivity in young children can restrict opportunities for these children to develop basic motor skills and, possibly, proper musculoskeletal development. We postulated that an intervention designed to improve fundamental movement skill (FMS) performance in overweight and obese young children may influence …

Schizotypy And Psychosis-Like Experiences From Recreational Cannabis In A Non-Clinical Sample, Emma Barkus, Shon Lewis

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background. The relationship between cannabis use and psychosis is still a matter for debate. Accounting for the individual differences in subjective experiences to recreational cannabis use in the general population may hold some clues to the aetiological relationship between cannabis and psychotic symptoms. We hypothesized that schizotypy would account for the individual differences in subjective experiences after cannabis use but not in patterns of use. Method. In a sample of 532 young people who had used cannabis at least once, we examined the relationship between the Cannabis Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ) and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Additionally, we examined the …

Validity Of Carbohydrate, Glycaemic Index And Glycaemic Load Data Obtained Using A Semi-Quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire, Alan Winston Barclay, Victoria Mary Flood, Jennie Cecile Brand-Miller, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To assess the ability of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to rank Australians according to their intake of total carbohydrate, sugar, starch, fibre, glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL). Design: Cross-sectional sample from a population cohort. Setting: Two postcode areas west of Sydney, Australia. Subjects: From 1992 to 1994, a total of 2868 older Australians provided dietary data using a 145-item Willett-derived FFQ. A representative sub-sample of 78 subjects completed three 4-day weighed food records (WFRs). Pearson and Spearman correlations, Bland–Altman plots and weighted kappa values were calculated. Results: Compared with the WFR, the FFQ provided higher mean estimates …

Water Shortage In Australian Fast Food Outlets, Lesley King, Bridget P. Kelly, Joey Ho, Libby Hattersley

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

On Becoming A Practitioner-Researcher In Remote Northern Australia: Personal Commitment And Resources Compensate For Structural Deterrents To Research, Anne Cusick, Natasha Lannin

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aim. This study critically explores the experience of one clinician who developed the practitioner-researcher role in a remote hospital. Participant. One occupational therapist working in rehabilitation who had never previously done or been trained for research but who completed and published a randomized controlled trial. Setting. Government hospital rehabilitation ward in remote northern Australia. Method. Data from a reflective journal and project records were content analysed using a conceptual framework of the metropolitan practitioner-researcher experience. Results. The participant’s experience was similar to that of metropolitan practitioner-researchers as it was not just a matter of doing research, but rather one of …

Food, Health And Nutrition: Where Does Chicken Fit?, Karen E. Charlton, Yasmine Probst, Linda C. Tapsell, Patrick J. Blackall

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The link between diet and health is important, given the prevalence of diet-related disease, including obesity, in the Australian population. Consumers need to be able to discriminate between foods based on the nutritional contribution of each to a healthy diet. They also need to be able to discriminate between foods in a broader context, considering issues such as food safety, how the food is produced and the environmental consequences of its production. This review outlines the position of chicken in the Australian diet from a health, consumer and environmental perspective. Chicken can contribute to a healthy eating pattern. It is …

Bone Mineral Density And Content During Weight Cycling In Female Rats: Effects Of Dietary Amylase-Resistant Starch, Ian L. Brown, Hasina Ambia-Sobhan, Abigail E. Huang, Sue A. Shapses, Sugeet Jagpal, John D. Bogden, Francis W. Kemp, Anne M. Birkett

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although there is considerable evidence for a loss of bone mass with weight loss, the few human studies on the relationship between weight cycling and bone mass or density have differing results. Further, very few studies assessed the role of dietary composition on bone mass during weight cycling. The primary objective of this study was to determine if a diet high in amylase-resistant starch (RS2), which has been shown to increase absorption and balance of dietary minerals, can prevent or reduce loss of bone mass during weight cycling. METHODS: Female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=84, age = 20 weeks) …

Industry Syndicates In Functional Foods: Evaluating Existing Models For The Development Of Future Projects, Yasmine Probst

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The syndicate model developed by the National Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods enables a number of companies to work together in a pre-competitive space, leveraging their investment. Companies have access to a wide range of research knowledge and skills for a portion of what it would cost to complete the entire project as a single entity. By 2007, the Centre had run three separate syndicate projects each with different models. Both food and pharmaceutical companies have participated in the projects. This paper reports on an evaluation of the Functional Foods for Healthy Ageing and Functional Foods for Appetite Control …

Constraints On Food Choices Of Women In The Uk With Lower Educational Attainment, Mary Barker, Wendy T. Lawrence, Timothy C. Skinner, Cheryl O. Haslam, Sian M. Robinson, Hazel M. Inskip, Barrie M. Margetts, Alan A. Jackson, David J. P. Barker, Cyrus Cooper

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: Women of lower educational attainment have less balanced and varied diets than women of higher educational attainment. The diets of women are vital to the long-term health of their offspring. The present study aimed to identify factors that influence the food choices of women with lower educational attainment and how women could be helped to improve those choices. Design: We conducted eight focus group discussions with women of lower educational attainment to identify these factors. We contrasted the results of these discussions with those from three focus group discussions with women of higher educational attainment. Setting: …

Constructing A Research Based Pre-Care Model To Improve Mental Health Interventions For Young People, Lindsey Harrison, Sue Webster

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

ObjectiveThis study had two aims. Firstly, to explore how young people experienced the onset of mental health problems and to investigate their initial interactions with the health system; and secondly, to use thesefindings to construct a pre-care model that can be used by nurses and other health care professionals todesign appropriate interventions.DesignGrounded theory method was used to develop a theory of young peoples experience of the pathway to mental health care. Data were obtained through in-depth semi-structured interviews.SettingParticipants were recruited through two community health centres in a Sydney metropolitan area healthservice.SubjectsThe purposive sample consisted of eight males and twelve females …

Evaluating The Impact Of The Narrow Cast Marketing Of 'Snake Condoms' To Indigenous Youth, Parri Gregory, Lyn J. Phillipson, Lance Barrie, Sandra C. Jones, Anna Validas

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Originating in the Aboriginal community of Mildura, Victoria, the Snake Condom was first launched through collaboration between Marie Stopes Australia, the Victorian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (VACCHO) and the Mildura Aboriginal Health Service. This paper presents results of a recent evaluation of the narrowcast component of this campaign. Overall, this evaluation reveals positive results regarding the effectiveness of the narrowcast component of the initiative and highlights the value of the inclusion of narrowcast promotion as part of a well developed social marketing campaign to address sensitive topics targeted at sub-groups of particular interest within the population.

I Eat Milo To Make Me Run Faster: How The Use Of Sport In Food Marketing May Influence The Food Beliefs Of Young Australians, Lyn J. Phillipson, Sandra C. Jones

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports on one of a series of studies exploring the marketing strategies utilised byleading Australian food companies that produce and distribute foods that are predominantlyconsumed by children, and consumer responses to these practices. The focus is on the use ofsport and sporting celebrities to promote food products and the influence of these promotionson the food attitudes and preferences of young people. The qualitative research with children(6-12 years) and teens (12-14 years) supports results from previous research that brandingmay have an influence on food preferences. Importantly, it also suggests that associatingparticular foods with sports may influence young peoples food …

Cheap As Chips: The Price Of Rtds In New South Wales, Sandra C. Jones, Lance R. Barrie, Parri Gregory

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Ready-to-drink products have been the subject of considerable concern in relation to their contribution to the problems associated with alcohol consumption among young people. In recognition of the impact of low price of RTDs on adolescent and young peoples alcohol consumption, the Federal Government introduced an increase in the tax on RTDs on Sunday 27th of April 2008. The purpose of the current study was to examine the current price of RTDs in New South Wales, and whether the taxation change has increased the price of RTDs to a point where they are unlikely to be affordable for underage drinkers.

Long-Chain Omega-3 Pufas And Their Role In Healthy Ageing, Craig S. Patch, Ian L. Brown

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The effects of various fat subtypes can have a profound influence on our health and performance, not only in the early years of life but also as we age. The long-chain omega-3s docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid appear to have a positive role in our mental and physical health.

Evaluating The Impact Of The Environment On The Physical Activity Levels Of People With Dementia In Aged Care Facilities, Loren Devries, Victoria Traynor, Nancy Humpel

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

To evaluate the impact of the environment on the physical activity levels of people with dementia living in residential aged care facilities

Visual Perception Of Smooth And Perturbed Self-Motion, Robert S Allison, James E. Zacher, Stephen A. Palmisano

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Successful adaptation to the microgravity environment of space and re-adaptation to gravity on earth requires recalibration of visual and vestibular signals. Despite decades of experimentation, motion sickness, spatial disorientation, reorientation illusions and degraded visuomotor performance continue to impact the availability and effectiveness of astronauts. We have found that incorporating jitter of the vantage point into visual displays produces more compelling illusions of self-motion (vection), despite generating greater sensory conflicts. We will discuss a series of ground-based experiments that examine a range of possible explanations for this phenomenon. Recent neuroimaging and neurophysiological data suggests that accelerating optic flow stimulisuch the jittering …

Event-Rate And Ad/Hd: A Topographic And Preparation Potential Analysis Of Response Inhibition, Nicholas Benikos, Stuart J. Johnstone, Steven J. Roodenrys

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Midlife Women Maintaining Enriching Recovery From Alcohol Dependence, J B. Withnall, S B. Hill, Sharon R. Bourgeois

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Poster presented at The Joint Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism and the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism June 27– July 2, 2008—Washington, D.C., United States

Optimizing Footwear For Older People At Risk Of Falls, Jasmine C. Menant, Julie R. Steele, Hylton B. Menz, Bridget J. Munro, Stephen R. Lord

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Footwear influences balance and the subsequent risk of slips, trips, and falls by altering somatosensory feedback to the foot and ankle and modifying frictional conditions at the shoe/floor interface. Walking indoors barefoot or in socks and walking indoors or outdoors in high-heel shoes have been shown to increase the risk of falls in older people. Other footwear characteristics such as heel collar height, sole hardness, and tread and heel geometry also influence measures of balance and gait. Because many older people wear suboptimal shoes, maximizing safe shoe use may offer an effective fall prevention strategy. Based on findings of a …

Marketing To Children And Teens On Australian Food Company Websites, Sandra C. Jones, Amanda Reid

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Given the role that food marketing plays in influencing dietary patterns in children, the aim of this research was to explore the internet-based marketing tactics employed by eight leading Australian food companies that produce and distribute foods that are predominantly consumed by children. We examined the marketing policies and child-targeted internet marketing practices of eight major Australian food companies. Seven of the eight food companies have websites or sections of sites that are devoted to children and/or teenagers; with downloadable materials and extensive direct marketing. Of most concern was the collection of detailed personal information from children and/or teenagers, which …