Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Virulent Footrot : Mild Or Severe?, Laurie Depiazzi

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The footrot eradication scheme in Western Australia has resulted in a low prevalence of severe footrot.

To appreciate the achievement, we need to understand what exactly is being eradicated. 'S' strains of Dichelorbacter nodosus, the infectious bacterium of footrot, are the target of footrot eradication. Laurie Depiazzi examines the basis for eradicating 'S' strains.

The History Of Pathology In Texas, Marilyn Miller Baker

Texas Medical History E-Books

The History of Pathology in Texas is the study of the changes of disease in Texas from the frontier days to the 1990s. Marilyn Miller Baker wrote the book for the Texas Society of Pathologists. The book was published in 1996 with a forward by Vernie A. Stembridge, MD, the Ashbel Smith Professor and Chairman Emeritus of Pathology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. The book covers the story of pathology from the "performance of crude autopsies" on the frontier through the emergence of bacteriology and immunology and beyond.

Ultrastructure Of Cepedietta Virginiensis (Protista: Haptophrynidae), From The Gall Bladder Of The Pickerel Frog, Rana Palustris, In Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Partial Characterization Of Bacteriophages Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv.Tomato, Scott M. Minor, Russell O. Nordeen, Chad E. Paschall

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Communities Of Cloacal Bacteria In Tree Swallow Families, Michael P. Lombardo, Patrick A. Thorpe, R. Cichewicz, M. Henshaw, C. Millard, C. Steen, T. K. Zeller

Peer Reviewed Publications

Our aim in this study was to survey the communities of bacteria found in the cloacae of adult and nestling Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), determine if there were familial patterns of prevalence, and determine if there were relationships between bacteria loads and nestling size when 12 days old and fledging success.

Fish Advisories: Useful Or Difficult To Interpret?, Joanna Burger, Michael Gochfeld

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors note that fish and shellfish offer significant exposure to environmental toxins but find that consumer knowledge and other factors may limit efforts to control risk in urban populations.

Localized Tuberculosis And Myelofibrosis With Myeloid Metaplasia : An Extremely Unusual Presentation, Suhail Muzaffar

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) is usually considered primary agnogenic, however, it may be secondary to various diseases, The association of tuberculosis with MMIM is exceedingly rare, however, the pathogenetic relationship between the two is difficult to define. We present a case report showing simultaneous presentation of localized active tuberculosis and MMM The literature on the subject is also reviewed with special emphasis on pathogenic relation­ship between the two.

Ventricular Remodeling Following Infant-Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation. Does Age At Transplantation Or Size Disparity Matter?, Girish S. Shirali, F Lombano, W L. Beeson, D A. Dyar, N F. Mulla, A Khan, J K. Johnston, R E. Chinnock, S R. Gundry, A J. Razzouk

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Early left ventricular (LV) remodeling following pediatric cardiac transplantation has not been described. To identify patterns and determinants of change in left ventricular mass and volume posttransplant, we studied 125 consecutive children who underwent cardiac transplantation between January 1, 1989 and July 31, 1993. Two-dimensional imaging-directed M-mode echocardiograms were studied weekly until 26 weeks post-transplant. LV mass and volume (indexed to BSA1.5) were measured. LV mass index increased until 3 weeks post-transplant, and then decreased. The mean decrement in LV mass index after 8 weeks post-transplant (relative to baseline) was significantly larger in patients with donor-recipient weight ratio > 1.5 compared …

Repellence Of The Tick Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus By The Grass Melinis Minutiflora, Esther N. Mwangi, S. Essuman, G. P. Kaaya, E. Nyandat, D. Munyinyi, M. G. Kimondo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In a study to develop anti-tick pastures, the climbing behaviour of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus on Melinis minutiflora (molasses grass) was investigated. Experiments were done with cut green stems of grass, grass dried in the shade, grass dried in sunshine, grass washed in solvent and grass growing in a study plot. In all cases a common pasture grass, Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu grass), was used as control. All instars of the tick avoided climbing on the green M. minutiflora whereas most larvae, nymphs and adults climbed on the control green P. clandestinum grass. More ticks climbed on the stems dried in the sunshine …

Fish Health For Fish Farmers In Western Australia, Tina Thorne

Fisheries Published Reports

Disease is a departure from the normal state of health of a fish or any other animal. Diseases have no doubt occurred among fishes since these animals have occupied a place on the earth. Scientific efforts to understand the causes of disease in fishes, and to attempt to control them however, have only been made during the last sixty years.

Fishes, crustaceans and molluscs, as with other animals are subject to a wide spectrum of diseases, that can be classified as infectious or non-infectious. The vast majority of disease problems in the intensive farming of aquatic animals can be traced …

Transactivation Of The Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus And T-Cell Receptor Beta-Chain Enhancers By Cbf And Ets Requires Intact Binding Sites For Both Proteins., Wanwen Sun, Barbara J. Graves, Nancy A. Speck

Dartmouth Scholarship

The Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) enhancer contains binding sites (LVb and LVc) for the ets gene family of proteins and a core site that binds the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (cbf) family of proteins. The LVb and core sites in the Mo-MLV enhancer contribute to its constitutive activity in T cells. All three binding sites (LVb, LVc, and core) are required for phorbol ester inducibility of the Mo-MLV enhancer. Adjacent binding sites for the ets and cbf proteins likewise constitute a phorbol ester response element within the human T-cell receptor beta-chain (TCR beta) enhancer and contribute to constitutive …

Asbestos Induces Nuclear Factor Kappa B (Nf-Kappa B) Dna-Binding Activity And Nf-Kappa B-Dependent Gene Expression In Tracheal Epithelial Cells., Yvonne M. Janssen, Aaron Barchowsky, Melinda Treadwell, Kevin E. Driscoll, B T. Mossman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a transcription factor regulating expression of genes intrinsic to inflammation and cell proliferation--features of asbestos-associated diseases. In studies here, crocidolite asbestos caused protracted and dose-responsive increases in proteins binding to nuclear NF-kappa B-binding DNA elements in hamster tracheal epithelial (HTE) cells. This binding was modulated by cellular glutathione levels. Antibodies recognizing p65 and p50 protein members of the NF-kappa B family revealed these proteins in two of the DNA complexes. Transient transfection assays with a construct containing six NF-kappa B-binding DNA consensus sites linked to a luciferase reporter gene indicated that asbestos induced …

Prospects For The Control Of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever, Paul E. Kilgore, Clarence J. Peters, James N. Mills, Pierre E. Rollin, Lori Armstrong, Ali S. Khan, Thomas G. Ksiazek

Department of Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

Are Non-Diabetic Women With Abnormal Glucose Screening Test At Increased Risk Of Pre-Eclampsia, Macrosomia And Caesarian Birth?, Khalid S. Khan, Firasat A. Hashmi, J H. Rizvi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

To determine, in non-diabetic women, the relationship of abnormal glucose screening test, with the incidence of pre-eclampsia, macrosomia and caesarian delivery, from 1988-92, 5646 consecutive women attending antenatal clinic were screened with a glucose challenge test (GCT) on their first visit (usually at 16-20 weeks); those with risk factors i.e., history of unexplained perinatal loss, macrosomia or family member with diabetes and an initial abnormal screening test were rescreened at 28-32 weeks, In 482 cases the GCT was abnormal (plasma glucose value was >140 mg% 2 hours after 75g glucose challenge). Of these, 292 had one or more abnormal critical …

Modification Of Benefits For Claimants Under The Federal Black Lung Benefits Program, Rita A. Massie

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Is The Doctor Hostile--Obstructive Impairments And The Hostility Rule In Federal Black Lung Claims, Timothy F. Cogan

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Director, Owcp V. Greenwich Collieries: The End Of The True Doubt Rule, Allan Brown

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Selenium Supplementation On The Immune Response Of Mice With Experimental Chagas' Disease, Cindy Calisi, Lynette Brooks

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

No abstract provided.

The Kinetic Characterization Of Mutant L289p Of Recombinant Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase, Tryn Thomas Stimart

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus, type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of the Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Currently, AIDS is the leading cause of death amongst young people in the United States. The large increase of HIV-1 infections over the past decade has spawned considerable research in fighting the spread of this disease. One area of intense HIV-1 research has focused on the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase (RT) which is an essential enzyme involved in the replication and life cycle of HIV-1. HIV-1 RT is composed of p66 and p51 subunits and is only active as a heterodimer in vivo. …

A Change Of Il-2 And Il-4 Production In Patients With Helicobactor Pylori Infection, X. G. Fan, Javed Yakoob, X. J. Fan, P. W. N. Keeling

Section of Gastroenterology

Helicobactor pylori is the most common cause of gastroduodenal inflammation. However, the exact immune pathogenesis is not fully understood. To look for evidence of the immunological mechanism in H. pylori associated disease, we measured cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 levels produced by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and gastric biopsies in 20 subjects with or without H. pylori infection. H. pylori can stimulate IL-2 and IL-4 production from PBL in H. pylori negative as well as H. pylori positive individuals. The spontaneous IL-2 production by PBL and gastric biopsies was greater (p < 0.0025, <0.001)in H. pylori negative individuals than that in H. pylori infected patients. Increased IL-4 levels from PBL in H. pylori infected patients were found in the presence of H. pylori (p < 0.0025). An increased spontaneous production of IL-4 from gastric biopsies was also observed in H. pylori infected patients (p < 0.025). In conclusion, an enhanced type 2 cytokine production was observed in H. pylori infected patients, which may be responsible for H. pylori chronic infection.

Structural Characterization Of A Novel Inhibitor Of Hiv Reverse Transcriptase (Hiv Rt), Greggory Jon Woitte

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections have become a leading cause of death among young people in the United States today. As the number of HIV infections increases, so too does the cost of treatment. Together, these numbers have prompted an increase in the development of pharmaceutical interventions. HIV reverse transcriptase (HIV RT) has become a suitable target for drug therapy because it is the sole enzyme responsible for HIV replication.

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from the brown algae Fucus vesiculosus, has been shown to block a variety of cell adhesion related events including metastasis. In addition, fucoidan has also …

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, St Mary's University

President's Peace Commission - Programs

The President’s Peace Commission existed from 1984 to 2013 at St. Mary's University. The Commission fostered an ethical commitment to participate in the establishment of world peace and social justice.

This program is about acquired immune deficiency syndrome prevention.

Dynamic Diseases In Neurology And Psychiatry, John Milton, Deborah Black

WM Keck Science Faculty Papers

Thirty-two (32) periodic diseases of the nervous system are identified in which symptoms and/or signs recur. In 10/32, the recurrence of a symptom complex is one of the defining features of the illness, whereas in 22/32 oscillatory signs occur in the setting of an ongoing nervous system disorder. We discuss the possibility that these disorders may be dynamic diseases.

Dynamical Disease: Identification, Temporal Aspects And Treatment Strategies For Human Illness, Jacques Bélair, Leon Glass, Uwe An Der Heiden, John Milton

WM Keck Science Faculty Papers

Dynamical diseases are characterized by sudden changes in the qualitative dynamics of physiological processes, leading to abnormal dynamics and disease. Thus, there is a natural matching between the mathematical field of nonlinear dynamics and medicine. This paper summarizes advances in the study of dynamical disease with emphasis on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Mont Tremblant, Quebec, Canada in February 1994. We describe the international effort currently underway to identify dynamical diseases and to study these diseases from a perspective of nonlinear dynamics. Linear and nonlinear time series analysis combined with analysis of bifurcations in dynamics are being used …

Ua66/4/2 Highlights, Vol. 1, No. 2, Wku Social Work

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Social Work department. Articles:

• New University Policy
• Westover, Lynn. Change is a Necessity of Life – Poem
• AIDS Education
• News from Association of Student Social Workers
• Association of Student Social Workers Potluck
• Phi Alpha News
• Field Student Spotlight – Ethan Browning & Amy Watson

An Overview Of The Effectiveness And Efficiency Of Hiv Prevention Programs, D. R. Holtgrave, Noreen L. Qualls, J. W. Curran, Ronald O. Valdiserri, Mary Guinan, William C. Parra

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Because of the enormity of the HIV-AIDS epidemic and the urgency for preventing transmission, HIV prevention programs are a high priority for careful and timely evaluations. Information on program effectiveness and efficiency is needed for decision-making about future HIV prevention priorities. General characteristics of successful HIV prevention programs, programs empirically evaluated and found to change (or not change) high-risk behaviors or in need of further empirical study, and economic evaluations of certain programs are described and summarized with attention limited to programs that have a behavioral basis. HIV prevention programs have an impact on averting or reducing risk behaviors, particularly …

Sharing Information Benefits The Meat Industry, Michael Paton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cronic health problems of livestock, seldom detected on farms, reduce the efficiency of abattoirs and returns to producers. But a major project providing information to producers from abattoirs is indicating how everyone could benefit from feedback.

Synergistic Effects Of Traumatic Head Injury And Apolipoprotein 4 In Patients With Alzheimer’S Disease, R. Mayeux, R. Ottman, Gladys E. Maestre, C. Ngai, M.-X. Tang, H. Ginsberg, M. Chun, B. Tycko, M. Shelanski

School of Medicine Publications

The apolipoprotein 4 allele increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but cerebral deposition of B-amyloid with age, a genetic mutation, or head injury may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. We examined the risks of AD associated with traumatic head injury and apolipoprotein 4 in 236 community-dwelling elderly persons. A 10-fold increase in the risk of AD was associated with both apolipoprotein 4a nd a history of traumatic head injury, compared with a two-fold increase in risk with apolipoprotein 4 alone. Head injury in the absence of an apolipoprotein 4 allele did not increase risk. These data imply …

Repellent And Acaricidal Properties Of Ocimum Suave Against Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus Ticks, Esther N. Mwangi, Ahmed Hassanali, Suliman Essuman, Edward Myandat, Lambert Moreka, Mark Kimondo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An oil extracted from the leaves of a tropical shrub Ocimum suave was found to repel as well as kill all stages of the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. In an in vitro bioassay for the larvae, the LC50 of the oil in liquid paraffin was 0.024%. A 10% solution was found to kill all immatures and more than 70% of adults feeding on rabbits. Rabbits were protected for 5 days against attaching larvae using a 10% solution. Preliminary experiments undertaken with cattle kept in the field suggest that the oil may have potential in tick control, and a role in integrated …

Optimization Of The In Vitro Feeding Of Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus Nymphae For The Transmission Of Theileria Parva, S. M. Waladde, S. N. Mwaura, G. N. Njihia, F. N. Mwakima

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An apparatus for artificial feeding of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphae was modified to improve feeding performance. Heparinized blood was supplied above a treated artificial membrane while the ticks attached below on its undersurface. The feeding apparatus was incubated at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 3% CO2 concentration and a relative humidity of 75–80 °0. Under these conditions, 91 °0 of the engorged nymphae attained a mean weight of 6–11 mg, and an average of 93 °0 of those nymphae moulted into adults. When this system was used to feed nymphal ticks on blood infected with Theileria parva piroplasms, the mean …