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Articles 31 - 40 of 40
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Serum Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha In Osteopenic And Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Females: A Cross-Sectional Study In Pakistan, Rafat Murad, Zahra Shezad, Saara Ahmed, Mussarat Ashraf, Murad Qadir, Rehana Rehman
Serum Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha In Osteopenic And Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Females: A Cross-Sectional Study In Pakistan, Rafat Murad, Zahra Shezad, Saara Ahmed, Mussarat Ashraf, Murad Qadir, Rehana Rehman
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Objective: To compare biochemical parameters serum tumour necrosis factor alpha, calcium, magnesium, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D in postmenopausal women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2015 to July 2016 at Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, and comprised postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density done by dual energy X-ray absorptiometryscan categorised subjects by World Health Organisation classification into normal (T score > -1) osteopenic (T score between -1 and -2.5) and osteoporotic (T score < -2.5). Biochemical parameters like tumour necrosis alpha, calcium, magnesium, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D were measured by solid phase enzyme amplified sensitivity immunoassay method. SPSS 16 was used to analyse the data.
Results: Of the 146 women, 34(23%) were normal, 93(67%) were osteopenic and 19(13%) were osteoporotic. There was significant difference in mean body mass …
Is Biological Repair Of Heart On The Horizon?, H R. Ahmad, Satwat Hashmi
Is Biological Repair Of Heart On The Horizon?, H R. Ahmad, Satwat Hashmi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
The stem cells keep us young by endogenously repairing us upon need. They do so bysmartly one step forward towards differentiation while another step backward to nurturethe undifferentiated stem cells. They are building blocks for every organ witha differential rate of repair of worn out tissues. Since stem cells can be cultured with a normal karyo type, they could be the ideal source for heart repair after myocardial infarction. As opposed to lower vertebrates and neonatal mice, cardiac regeneration in adult mammalian heart seems to be difficult to assess with a solid evidence of cytokinesis. It becomes more difficult to …
Acute Myocardial Infarction And Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Comparison, Satwat Hashmi, Suhail Al-Salam
Acute Myocardial Infarction And Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Comparison, Satwat Hashmi, Suhail Al-Salam
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Myocardial infarction (MI) denotes the death of cardiac myocytes due to extended ischemia. Myocardial reperfusion is the restoration of coronary blood flow after a period of coronary occlusion. Reperfusion has the potential to salvage ischemic myocardium but paradoxically can cause injury, a phenomenon called as 'reperfusion injury' (IR). Standard histologic, immunohistochemical and Elisa techniques were used to study the histopathologic, oxidative, apoptotic and inflammatory changes in MI and IR. The IL-6 levels in the LV of the MI group were significantly raised as compared to the IR group (P=0.0008). Plasma IL-6 was also significantly increased in the MI group as …
Cloned Microglias With Novel Delivery System In Multiple Sclerosis, Abdul Mannan Baig Dr.
Cloned Microglias With Novel Delivery System In Multiple Sclerosis, Abdul Mannan Baig Dr.
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurological disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), characterized by demyelination and activation of microglia. Mitochondrial mutations and dysfunctions in microglial cells are thought to contribute to the detrimental effects of neuroinflammation seen in MS. The Somatic Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) technology offers a more practical mode of therapy in MS, this method would attempt to dilute and/or progressively replace the mutated and activated microglia with cloned Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OEC) with remyelinating and scavenging properties which would attempt to limit the progression of MS. Applying SCNTderived Embryonic Stem (ES) cells based therapy by …
Body Mass Index Or Body Fat! Which Is A Better Obesity Scale For Pakistani Population?, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Rehana Rehman, Bushra Chaudhry
Body Mass Index Or Body Fat! Which Is A Better Obesity Scale For Pakistani Population?, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Rehana Rehman, Bushra Chaudhry
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Ojective: To compare two methods of classifying obesity based on body mass index and body fat percentage.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2012 to August 2013 at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Male and female volunteers between the ages 15-65 years were selected using simple random sampling. They were classified into different groups for body mass index and body fat percentage measured through bioelectrical impedance scale. The subjects were sub-grouped into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. SPSS 11 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean age of the 828 healthy volunteers was 25.67±10.10 years. A …
Trans Fatty Acids – A Risk Factor For Cardiovascular Disease, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal
Trans Fatty Acids – A Risk Factor For Cardiovascular Disease, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Trans fatty acids (TFA) are produced either by hydrogenation of unsaturated oils or by biohydrogenation in the stomach of ruminant animals. Vanaspati ghee and margarine have high contents of TFA. A number of studies have shown an association of TFA consumption and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This increased risk is because TFA increase the ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization have come up with the recommendation that the contents of TFA in human dietary fat should be reduced to less than 4%. There is high …
Galectin-1 In Early Acute Myocardial Infarction, Suhail Al-Salam, Satwat Hashmi
Galectin-1 In Early Acute Myocardial Infarction, Suhail Al-Salam, Satwat Hashmi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most serious manifestation of coronary artery disease and the cause of significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Galectin-1(GAL-1), a divalent 14.5-kDa protein, is present both inside and outside cells, and has both intracellular and extracellular functions. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor mediating early and late responses to myocardial ischemia. Identification of the pattern of expression of GAL-1 and HIF-1α in the heart during the first 24 hours following acute MI will help in understanding early molecular changes in this event and may provide methods to overcome serious complications. Mouse model of MI …
Loss Of Dystrophin Staining In Cardiomyocytes: A Novel Method For Detection Early Myocardial Infarction, Satwat Hashmi, Suhail Al-Salam
Loss Of Dystrophin Staining In Cardiomyocytes: A Novel Method For Detection Early Myocardial Infarction, Satwat Hashmi, Suhail Al-Salam
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most frequent diagnosis made in majority of sudden death cases subjected to clinical and medicolegal autopsies. When sudden death occurs at a very early stage of MI, traditional macroscopic examination, or histological stains cannot easily detect the myocardial changes. For this reason we propose a new method for detecting MI at an early stage. Murine model of MI was used to induce MI through permanent ligation of left anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. Five groups of C57B6/J mice were used for inducing MI, which includes 20 minutes, 30 minutes, one hour, four hours …
Rhabdomyosarcoma Embryonal Type: In A Three And A Half Year Old Girl, Ameer A Khowaja, Saqib Ali Gowani, Asmatullah Khan, Saulat H. Fatimi
Rhabdomyosarcoma Embryonal Type: In A Three And A Half Year Old Girl, Ameer A Khowaja, Saqib Ali Gowani, Asmatullah Khan, Saulat H. Fatimi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Rhadomyosarcoma is the most common tumour of the soft tissues in infants and children. We report a case of a 3 1/2 year old girl who presented with a swelling over the neck. Swelling was diagnosed as Rhabdomyosarcoma (embryonal type). Tumour mass was found to be unresectable initially. The patient was subjected to multiple courses of checmotherapy, which shrunk the tumour significantly. There was simultaneous development of cystic lesions in upper lobe of right lung. Excision of the remnant rhabdomyosarcoma mass and biopsy of right lung with cystectomy of right upper lobe cystic lesion was performed. The patient fully recovered …
Association Study Of The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (Ace) Gene G2350a Dimorphism With Myocardial Infarction, M Perwaiz Iqbal, Saeed Mahmood, Naseema Mehboobali, Mohammad Ishaq, Tasnim Fatima, Saddiqa Parveen, Philippe Frossard
Association Study Of The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (Ace) Gene G2350a Dimorphism With Myocardial Infarction, M Perwaiz Iqbal, Saeed Mahmood, Naseema Mehboobali, Mohammad Ishaq, Tasnim Fatima, Saddiqa Parveen, Philippe Frossard
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a strong candidate gene for myocardial infarction (MI). Insertion-deletion dimorphism in intron 16 of this gene has been inconclusively found to be associated with it. Several new polymorphisms in the ACE gene have been identified and among these, a dimorphism in exon 17, ACE G2350A, has a significant effect on plasma ACE concentrations. To assess the value of genotyping the ACE G2350A dimorphism in a genetically homogeneous population, we carried out a case-control study of dimorphism G2350A for a putative association with MI among Pakistani nationals. We investigated a sample population of 370 Pakistanis, …