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Full-Text Articles in Weed Science
Advances In Breeding Apomictic Brachiaria In Tropical America, J W. Miles, C B. Do Valle
Advances In Breeding Apomictic Brachiaria In Tropical America, J W. Miles, C B. Do Valle
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Prior to 1988 Brachiaria improvement was based exclusively on the collection, introduction, and evaluation of natural germplasm from Africa. Breeding programs in Brachiaria have been possible only in the past 10 years with the creation of a sexual, tetraploid B. ruziziensis cross-compatible with B. decumbens and B. brizantha. Applied Brachiaria breeding projects are underway both in Colombia (International Center for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT) and Brazil (National Centre for Beef Cattle Research - Brazilian Corporation for Agricultural Research, CNPGC/EMBRAPA). These seek to combine the broad edaphic adaptation and other desirable agronomic attributes of B. decumbens cv. Basilisk with spittlebug resistance. An …
Assessment Of Grazing Procedures In The Evaluation Of Plant Breeding Material, D Real, I L. Gordon, J Hodgson
Assessment Of Grazing Procedures In The Evaluation Of Plant Breeding Material, D Real, I L. Gordon, J Hodgson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Four stocking densities (2, 3, 5 and 9 sheep/18 m2 for one hour) and two times of grazing (morning or evening) were imposed on a spaced plant nursery of nine red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) populations of varying growth habit, in order to optimize measurement of sheep grazing preference. Plant height, spread and leafiness were measured before and after each of three grazings. Sheep preference was viewed multivariately, using combined measurements of these plant characteristics. MANOVA revealed that the effect of stocking density was significant (P-0.05), but that of time of grazing was not. The plant, population and overall …
Fitness Of Apomictic And Sexual Buffelgrass Germplasm, M A. Hussey, Yue-Wen Wang, B L. Burson
Fitness Of Apomictic And Sexual Buffelgrass Germplasm, M A. Hussey, Yue-Wen Wang, B L. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Breeding apomictic grasses is based on either the direct selection of apomictic landraces or the hybridization of sexual and apomictic types and selection of apomictic F1 hybrids. Little is known about the potential of sexual hybrids as cultivars in apomictic species. To determine if method of reproduction (MOR) was related to plant vigor, parental, S1, and F1 hybrids of buffelgrass differing in method of reproduction (apomictic or sexual) were established in a common garden in 1994 and 1995. In both years severe inbreeding depression was observed in the S1 progeny as they were shorter, produced less biomass, and had low …
Differential Energy Allocation Among 15 New Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) Hybrids, J A. Usberti Jr, R Usberti, R S. Paterniani
Differential Energy Allocation Among 15 New Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum Jacq.) Hybrids, J A. Usberti Jr, R Usberti, R S. Paterniani
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The main aim of this research work was to determine trends of energy allocation among newly developed guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq) hybrids, ranging from very-early to late-flowering genotypes. Besides the flowering cycle, eight phenological and two seed quality traits were scored in a greenhouse randomized complete block experiment including plant height (PH), reproductive tiller number/overall tiller number (RTN/OTN), panicle number/reproductive tiller (PN/RT), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), panicle length (PL), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), number of seeds/gram (NS/G) and seed sample physical purity (SPP). Very-early and early-flowering hybrids consistently showed the highest correlations values between flowering …
Breeding Reed Canarygrass As An Energy Or Fibre Crop By Using Local Collected Wild Populations, E Lindvall
Breeding Reed Canarygrass As An Energy Or Fibre Crop By Using Local Collected Wild Populations, E Lindvall
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) has become interesting as an industrial crop in Sweden. The grass can be used as biofuel or fibre raw material for pulp production. New varieties have to be developed, with a quality different from forage varieties. High stem/ leaf-ratio, low content of ash and elements like silica, potassium and chlorine are important breeding goals. A Swedish project, aiming to evaluate local reed canarygrass populations, shows that there is some variation in these morphological and chemical characters which can be utilised in a breeding program.
Research Programme To Improve The Utilization Of Home-Grown Forages In The Netherlands, A.M. Van Vuuren, A H. Bosma, G J. Kaspers, J.J. M.H. Ketelaars, E.N. Van Loo, H J.P. Marvin, H Valk, G.W.J. Van De Ven
Research Programme To Improve The Utilization Of Home-Grown Forages In The Netherlands, A.M. Van Vuuren, A H. Bosma, G J. Kaspers, J.J. M.H. Ketelaars, E.N. Van Loo, H J.P. Marvin, H Valk, G.W.J. Van De Ven
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In The Netherlands a research programme has been initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries to increase the proportion of high-quality home-grown forage in rations for dairy cows. This should result in a more sustainable dairy husbandry by improving the efficiency of utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus from home-grown forages (mainly grass and maize) on farm level. Research disciplines involved are plant breeding, forage harvesting and conservation and nutrition.
Prospects For Improving Alfalfa Yield Using Genomic- And Phenomic-Based Breeding, M. W. Francis, D. Pap, A. Krill-Brown, E. C. Brummer
Prospects For Improving Alfalfa Yield Using Genomic- And Phenomic-Based Breeding, M. W. Francis, D. Pap, A. Krill-Brown, E. C. Brummer
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial outcrossing legume that is cultivated as an important forage crop in many parts of the world. Yield is the most important trait for profitable alfalfa production, yet over the last 30 years yield improvement in California has stagnated. Current breeding methods focus on recurrent phenotypic selection; however, alternatives incorporating genomic- and phenomic-based information may enhance genetic gain and help to address the lack of yield improvement. Here we attempt to increase the yield potential of alfalfa using genomic selection (GS) in combination with high throughput phenotyping (HTP). A total of 193 families …
Annual Clovers Around The World: Current Status And Future Prospects, P. G. H. Nichols, G. R. Smith, D. J. Moot, Serkan Ates, Claudio Porqueddu, Esteban F. Rios, Mounir Louhaichi, Alejandro Del Pozo, N. Kotze, Alan W. Humphries, K. Ghamkhar, M. H. Ryan
Annual Clovers Around The World: Current Status And Future Prospects, P. G. H. Nichols, G. R. Smith, D. J. Moot, Serkan Ates, Claudio Porqueddu, Esteban F. Rios, Mounir Louhaichi, Alejandro Del Pozo, N. Kotze, Alan W. Humphries, K. Ghamkhar, M. H. Ryan
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
This paper reviews the distribution and importance of annual clover (Trifolium) species for pasture and fodder production systems globally. Of the 158 recorded annual Trifolium species, 65.2% are endemic to the Mediterranean basin and surrounding areas, 14.6% to sub-Saharan Africa, 17.7% to the United States of America and 2.5% to Chile. Fourteen species have been commercialised, while other endemic and naturalised annual clovers are also utilised. Key species for self-regenerating pastures include T. subterraneum, T. michelianum and T. respinatum var. resupinatum, while major dual-purpose grazing and fodder species include T. incarnatum, T. vesiculosum, T. alexandrinum and T. …