Plant Breeding and Genetics Commons^™

Evaluation Of Bromegrass Introductions For Forage Yield And Quality, Kenneth P. Vogel

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is one of the most important cool-season forage grasses in the United States and Canada. Further improvement in this grass by breeding depends on identifying sources of genetic variability for forage yield and quality. Since smooth bromegrass is an introduced species, foreign introductions are an obvious source of genetic variability. This study evaluated 49 smooth bromegrass introductions for forage yield and quality as measured by in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and protein content and compared them with the cultivar 'Lincoln'. Evaluated in a separate study and reported here were eight meadow bromegrass ( …

Results Of The Third High Protein-High Lysine Wheat Observation Nursery Grown In 1977, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, K. D. Wilhelmi

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the third report of results from a high protein-high lysine (HP-HL) wheat observation nursery organized in 1974 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. Advanced experimental lines distributed to breeders and cooperators in the 3rd HP-HL nursery were selected from numerous hybrid combinations of both spring and winter types. All exhibited elevated protein and/or lysine in nursery trials in Nebraska or Arizona.

Results Of The Tenth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1978, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, K. D. Wilhelmi, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the tenth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under contract number AID/ta-C-1093 with the U.S. International Development Corporation, Agency for International Development. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes: (3) test the …

Results Of The Second High Protein-High Lysine Wheat Observation Nursery Grown In 1976, S. L. Kuhr, K. D. Wilhelmi, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the second report of results from a high protein-high lysine (HP-HL) observation nursery organized in 1974 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U. S. Department of State. Primary objectives of this nursery are to: (1) Systematically provide breeders and cooperators with superior genetic germplasm for elevated levels of protein and/or lysine. (2) Test the degree of expression of the high protein and high lysine traits in a diverse array of environments. Funding from USAID has permitted the Nebraska …

Results Of The Ninth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1977, S. L. Kuhr, K. D. Wilhelmi, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the ninth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, (3) test the degree of expression …

Results Of The Eighth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1976, K. D. Wilhelmi, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the eighth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation and stability of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, (3) test the degree of expression …

Results Of The First High Protein-High Lysine Wheat Observation Nursery Grown In 1975, K. D. Wilhelmi, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the first report of results from a high protein-high lysine observation (HP-HL) nursery organized in 1974 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. Primary objectives of this nursery are to: (1) Systematically provide breeders and cooperators with superior genetic germplasm for elevated levels of protein and/or lysine. (2) Test the degree of expression of the high protein and high lysine traits in a diverse array of environments.

Results Of The Seventh International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1975, K. D. Wilhelmi, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the seventh report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management regimes, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, and (3) test the degree of expression and stability of …

Results Of The Sixth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1974, K. D. Wilhelmi, S. L. Kuhr, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern, J. W. Schmidt

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the sixth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, and (3) test the degree of expression and stability of …

Results Of The Fifth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery Grown In 1973, J. E. Stroike, K. D. Wilhelmi, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This is the fifth report of results from an International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U. S. Department of State. The Nursery was designed to (1) test the adaptation of winter wheat cultivars in a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management, and disease complexes; (2) identify superior winter cultivars to serve as recipient genotypes for high protein and high lysine genes, and (3) test the degree of expression and stability …

Reevaluation Of Common Wheats From The Usda World Wheat Collection For Protein And Lysine Content, K. P. Vogel, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The protein and lysine content of wheat can be altered by breeding only if genetic variability exists for these traits. Lysine is a nutritionally limiting amino acid in wheat protein. Protein and lysine analyses of the common wheats of the USDA World Wheat Collection indicated that variability does exist for these traits. Some of the variability for protein and lysine among wheats of the World Collection may not be genetic in origin, because all the 12,000 wheats analyzed were not grown in the same environment. The purpose of this study was to reevaluate selected lines from the World Wheat Collection …

Results Of The Fourth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern, K. D. Wilhelmi

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The Fourth International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was grown in 1972 at 44 sites in 27 countries. Data were reported from 40 sites. The 30 cultivars grown in the nursery included 15 new entries. Twenty-nine cultivars were winter wheats; one was a spring wheat. Data are reported on grain yield, test weight, plant maturity, plant height, lodging, shattering, winter survival, 1000 kernel weight, frost damage, plant diseases, grain protein and lysine content. Two-year mean data summaries also are reported. Supplemental nursery management information is reported for each nursery site.

Results Of Systematic Analyses For Protein And Lysine Composition Of Common Wheats (Triticum Aestivum L.) In The Usda World Collection, K. P. Vogel, V. A. Johnson, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Protein and lysine contents of 12,613 common wheats of the USDA World Wheat Collection were determined in order to identify wheats that may be sources of genes for high protein and high lysine. Results indicate that significant genetic differences in protein and lysine content probably exist among world collection common wheats. Selection criteria have been developed for further evaluation of World Collection lines high in protein and lysine content.

Winter Wheat Cultivar Performance In An International Array Of Environments, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery organized in 1968 by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State, has presented a unique opportunity to measure the performance and stability of 28 winter wheat cultivars over an international array of environments. Computations of three parameters for yield, selected agronomic traits, and grain protein and lysine were made from nursery data recorded in 1969 and 1970.

Results Of The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was grown in 1970 at 38 sites in 23 countries. Four of the sites were in the southern hemisphere. Data were reported from 36 sites. The same 30 varieties evaluated in the First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery were grown in this Second International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery. Twenty-eight varieties were winter wheats; two were spring wheats. Data on grain yield, test weight, maturity, plant height, lodging, shattering, winter survival, diseases, grain protein content and lysine content for 1970 are reported. Two-year mean data summaries also are reported.

Results Of The First International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery, J. E. Stroike, V. A. Johnson, J. W. Schmidt, P. J. Mattern

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery was organized by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under a contract with the Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State. There has been informal cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, D. F. Specific objectives of the nursery are to: (1) Test the adaptation of winter wheat varieties under a range of latitudes, daylengths, fertility conditions, water management and disease complexes (2) Identify superior winter varieties to serve as recipient genotypes for …

Appraisal For Combined Pea Aphid And Spotted Alfalfa Aphid Resistance In Alfalfa, W. L. Howe, W. R. Kehr, C. O. Calkins

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Sources of combined resistance to spotted alfalfa and pea aphids were found in Ranger alfalfa and its parental strains, foreign plant introductions, clones and their progenies. Ranger alfalfa appeared to be a good source for selection of plants with resistance to both aphids.

Studies Of The Mechanisms And Sources Of Spotted Alfalfa Aphid Resistance In Ranger Alfalfa, W. L. Howe, W. R. Kehr, M. E. Mcknight, G. R. Manglitz

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Mechanisms and sources of spotted alfalfa aphid resistance in Ranger alfalfa and its five parental strains were investigated during 1957-1960.

Relationship Of Self-Fertility, Pollen Abortion, And Micronuclei Number To Agronomic Performance In Alfalfa, P. P. Rotar, W. R. Kehr

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The purpose of this investigation was to study self-fertility, pollen abortion, and meiosis in a randomly selected population of Ranger alfalfa clones and their polycross progenies, and to relate such information to agronomic data obtained on the same materials.

The Effects Of Irradiating Dormant Maize Seeds With Xrays And Thermal Neutrons, Rosalind Morris, E. F. Frolik

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

In 1951 a research program was started at the University of Nebraska to compare the developmental effects of thermal neutrons and X rays on different crop seeds. Three crops, barley, tomato and maize, were chosen for additional information involving induced chromosomal aberrations and seedling mutations. The maize investigations are presented in this bulletin, along with a comparison among the three crops with respect to irradiation effects.

The Performance Of Alfalfa Synthetics In The First And Advanced Generations, W. R. Kehr, H. O. Graumann, C. C. Lowe, C. O. Gardner

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

During alfalfa breeding investigations conducted at the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, numerous superior clones were selected and tested as clones, and in polycross progeny tests. Information was needed on the performance of synthetic varieties in the first and advanced generations, on the optimum number of clones to include in a synthetic variety, and on parent-progeny relationships. Clones with high general combining ability for forage yield as measured by polycross progeny tests, and in certain instances specific combining ability based on single-cross tests, were intercrossed in various ways to produce synthetic varieties. A group of synthetics varying in number of parents …

Progress From Recurrent Selection Procedures For The Improvement Of Corn Populations, John H. Lonnquist

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The possibilities of developing synthetic varieties suitable for the fringe areas of the corn belt, where cost of hybrid seed is high relative to the value of the expected crop, and in areas where hybrid corn might not be a feasible approach for other reasons, made it seem a worthwhile objective for study. Effort has been made in recent years to increase the productivity of hybrid combinations through selection of new superior lines using standard breeding procedures. The limited progress realized has resulted in an increased interest in the possible use of alternate methods for the development of superior germplasm …

Genetic Studies Of Winter Hardiness In Barley, C. R. Rohde, C. F. Pulham

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

An important obstacle toward the development of winter barley varieties with a higher level of winter hardiness has been the deficiency of genetic information on this character. The primary objective of these studies was to obtain information on the genetics of the winter hardiness of a group of 18 winter barley varieties which originated from widely different geographic areas of the world. It was hoped that this information might be helpful in determining whether or not it would be possible for barley breeders to combine different genetic sources of winter hardiness and attain a higher level of hardiness than presently …

Origin And Performance Of Ranger Alfalfa, W. R. Kehr

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Ranger alfalfa was developed through the cooperative efforts of personnel of the United States Department of Agriculture and the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and released for seed increase in 1940. It is a winter-hardy, bacterial wilt resistant variety synthesized from five basic strains selected from Cossack, Turkistan and Ladak. Breeding methods used in the development of this variety were described in detail. Research results obtained on the performance of the basic strains and on the seed lots, produced under certification procedures, in controlled wilt and cold tests and forage yield trials under field conditions at the Nebraska station were presented …

The Effect Of Inbreeding Diallel Crosses Of Inbred Lines Of Corn Selected For High And Low Combining Ability, Melvin Dale Rumbaugh

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The present day hybrid seed corn industry is based upon the development and utilization of inbred lines in hybrid combination. Current breeding procedures are largely predicated on the assumption that the actions of complementary, dominant or partially dominant favorable genes are responsible for the heterosis observed in the hybrids produced. If heterosis were due in considerable part to nonallelic interactions or to overdominance, the present breeding procedures might be expected to yield superior hybrids but would not be highly efficient.

Since the proposal of complementary growth factors as a genetic explanation of heterosis and the alternative proposal of physiological stimulation …

Inheritance Of Sterility, Flower Color, Spinelessness, Attached Pappus And Rust Resistance In Safflower, Carthamus Tinctorius, Carl E. Claassen

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Since literature pertaining to breeding and inheritance in safflower was found to be very limited, fundamental research was instituted to determine: (A) a method for making controlled crosses, (B) the amount of natural crossing that occurs, (C) the association of oil content of seed with other seed and plant characteristics, and (D) the mode of inheritance of sterility, flower color, spinelessness, attached pappus and rust resistance. Results on natural and controlled crossing in safflower and the association of oil content in seed with other plant and seed characteristics have been reported. It is the purpose of this bulletin to report …

Pollination Cycles And Pollen Dispersal In Relation To Grass Improvement, Melvin D. Jones, L. C. Newell

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The plant breeder is initially concerned with gaining a knowledge of the breeding behavior of his plant materials in order that improvement may be undertaken effectively. It is important to know the different characteristic pollination habits of these plants. To develop and apply techniques applicable to the improvement of a given grass crop, it is desirable to know the time of day and the number of days that the grass sheds pollen. The effects of temperature, humidity, light, and wind on pollination must be considered. Once superiority of germplasm is obtained, the most important consideration is the maintenance of this …

Alfalfa Breeding, H. M. Tysdal, T. A. Kiesselbach, H. M. Westover

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Interest in the principles of alfalfa breeding has increased greatly with the growing "forage consciousness" of the country at large and the more specific interest developed through cooperation in the Alfalfa Improvement Conference. As is true of many other forage crops, information on the breeding behavior of alfalfa is meager. During the past few years, however, the genetics and principles of reproduction of this crop have come to be better understood and it is the purpose of this paper to bring together the available information pertaining to the improvement of alfalfa and to add certain suggestions with respect to future …

Wilt And Cold Resistance Of Self-Fertilized Lines Of Alfalfas, George L. Peltier, H. M. Tysdal

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The relative reactions to cold and wilt of self-fertilized lines of alfalfa through to the fifth generation are reported. Some of the reasons for undertaking a breeding program are given as well as methods used in the controlled cold and wilt determinations. Preliminary studies showed that reinoculating healthy individuals which had already resisted one wilt infection test served to eliminate additional plants, but the percentage healthy was much higher after the reinoculation than after the first inoculation. The foundation materials from which selections were made consisted of selected plants from a number of old Nebraska fields and a large collection …

The Immediate Effect Of Gametic Relationship And Of Parental Type Upon The Kernel Weight Of Corn, T. A. Kiesselbach

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This investigation to determine the relation of the kernel weight of corn to the source of pollen with which it was fertilized has been made to answer several questions of both practical and technical interest: (1) To what extent is kernel weight affected in the current crop by the "breadth of breeding" or the gametic relationship? (2) What is the relation of the diversity of parental type to the immediate effect of foreign pollen upon the kernel weight of corn? (3) Is the immediate effect of cross-fertilization upon the kernel weight of sufficient importance to justify the annual mixing of …