Other Plant Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Non-Surface-Disturbing Restoration Treatments On Native Grass Revegetation And Soil Seed Bank Composition In Cheatgrass-Invaded Sagebrush-Steppe Ecosystems, Alexandra D. Reinwald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The sagebrush-steppe communities of the Great Basin have been dramatically transformed by the invasion of the non-native annual grass cheatgrass. In many areas of the Great Basin, this invasion has resulted in the loss of native plant species and ultimately the conversion to cheatgrass-dominated communities. As healthy sagebrush communities provide multiple ecosystem services such as diverse wildlife habitat, forage for cattle grazing, and water filtration, restoration of these communities is a high priority to landowners and land management agencies. Established perennial grasses can successfully compete with non-native annual grasses and increase the resistance of plant communities to invasion by non-native …

Evaluation Of Competition Between Turfgrass And Trees In The Landscape, Christopher A. Hendrickson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Population growth in regions of the Intermountain West has resulted in rapid growth of residential neighborhoods. In Utah, the landscapes associated with these expanding neighborhoods consume vast quantities of treated water. This is a concern in all states of the Intermountain West, as water becomes increasingly scarce. Traditionally used turfgrasses, trees and other plants in Intermountain West landscapes require significant amounts of supplemental water considering the intense sunlight, dry winds and sparse rainfall typical of the region. Characterizing the interactions between turfgrass and tree species in these landscapes can aid in the identification of candidate species that consume less nutritional …

Simulated Browsing Impacts On Aspen Suckers' Density, Growth, And Nutritional Responses, Koketso Tshireletso

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Heavy and repeated ungulate browsing on reproductive suckers has limited trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) regeneration on many Western landscapes. However, little is known about the specific effects of season and intensity of browsing. My objectives were to determine the effects of season and intensity of clipping (simulated browsing) on suckers’ (1) density and growth characteristics, and (2) nutritional quality and quantity.

Three randomly selected stands were clear-felled in mid-July, 2005, and fenced. Simulated browsing treatments of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% removal of current year’s growth were randomly applied in early, mid-, and late summers of 2006 and …

The Effect Of Urea, Ammonium Sulfate, And Organic Materials On Nitrite Accumulation And Gaseous Loss Of Nitrogen In Acid Soil, Siddangouda V. Patil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrogen is one of the major elements essential for plant growth. It is the element most prone to depletion by cultivation and is usually found deficient in soils. In successful farming the problem of nitrogen supply is of special importance because plants need it in large amounts, it is fairly expensive to supply, and it is easily lost from the soil.

Characteristics Of Manila And Related Soil Series, Flayeh H. Altaie

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In many parts of the world soils have been found that have apparently been formed under climatic conditions that no longer exist. In many places in northern Utah in areas associated with ancient Lake Bonneville, deep soils, fine-textured and non-calcareous, have been observed immediately above the highest shore line of the ancient lake. These soils have essentially no free carbonates to depths ranging from 4 to 15 feet, even though they exist on relatively steep slopes. In Davis and Utah Counties, soils having these characteristics have been given the tentative series name, Manila.

Soils studied for this thesis include one …

An Evaluation Of Selfing Techniques For Agropyron Elongatum, Keith I. Matheson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv. has gained in importance since its introduction into the United States in 1909 from its native habitat on saline meadows and seashores of Southern Europe and Asia Minor. This very late-maturing, coarse, nonlodging 2 1/2 to 6-foot-tall bunchgrass was discarded in Utah in 1919 for being too aggressive. It is now under production in the intermountain and other regions because of its cold and drought tolerance as well as for its salt tolerance and its ability to make excellent fall and spring recovery. According to Weintraub (1953) this salt-tolerant plant gives high yields of …

On The Kinetics Of Moisture Flow In Unsaturated Soils, James Wellington Biggar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The flow of fluids in porous media continues to be a widely studied phenomenon. Soil moisture relationships and particularly the flow of water in soil is perhaps the most widely investigated of the four edaphatic factors related to plant growth, namely moisture, aeration, temperature and compaction.

The Adaptation Of The Neutron Scattering Technique Of Soil Moisture Determination To Field Application, Robert L. Uhler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

At the present time there is a recognized need for a better means of measuring soil moisture in situ. Soil moisture measurements are required in fundamental studies of soil moisture flow and soil-plant-water relationships as well as in practical studies in irrigation practices. Various phases of engineering also utilize soil moisture data, for example, soil moisture determinations are made during the construction of earth dams, road cuts and fills, and under airfield runways. The desired method should be quick, reliable, and adaptable over the moisture range from oven dryness to saturation.

Research in nuclear physics has revealed the neutron …

Seasonal Yield And Nitrogen Content Of Three Grasses Grown Alone And In Association With Each Other And With White Dutch Clover, Donald B. Wilson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The chief aim of pasture research is to discover means of providing the largest possible amount of highly nutritious forage at the time the animal requires it. Throughout the grazing season animal herbage requirements are relatively constant, while herbage production from pastures usually is quite variable.

A Linkage Study Of Chromosome Iv In Barley, Earl William Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Barley (Hordeum sp.) is a principal cereal crop throughout much of the world and is of great economic importance in the United States. Spring barley is a leading cereal crop in Utah.

Barley has many desirable characteristics which make it an excellent plant for genetic studies. Some of these characteristics are low chromosome number, almost complete self-fertilization, relative ease of hybridization, and easily classified hereditary characters.

The establishment of genes or factors at definite loci in linkage groups is a valuable aid in furthering breeding programs and the ultimate improvement of barley. All seven linkage groups have been established …

The Influence Of Time And Rate Of Application Of Urea Spray On The Yield And Protein Content Of Winter Wheat, Vern L. Marble

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Winter wheat, with an annual average acreage of about 300,000 acres, forms an integral part of the farm economy of Utah.

For many years intermountain agronomists and farmers alike have known dry-land wheat production to be limited by low summer rainfall. In the past 15 years, however, it has become apparent through intelligent research that in many cases lack of nitrogen has been the limiting factor. When this occurs, winter wheat production can be increased by correcting this nitrogen deficiency

Distribution Of Fluorine In Utah County, Utah, Soils And Uptake Of Fluorine By Plants, E. Don Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fluorine released from industrial operations is eventually deposited on the surface of the earth, intercepted by plants, or absorbed in open bodies of water. the term fluorine as used in this thesis will be considered to refer to fluorine in combined form.

Industrial expansion has caused atmosphere pollution from fluorine in many parts of the United States. Utah County, Utah, is one of the affected area, and is the principal area of concern in this thesis.

In the spring of 1951, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station initiated a broad investigation on soil, water, plant, and animal problems arising from fluorine atmospheric …

The Influence Of Temperature Gradients On Soil Moisture Flow, Luigi Cavassa

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The isothermal movement of liquid water in saturated soil has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been developed. Considerably less is known about the flow of water in unsaturated soils, but a general theory based on Darcy's law of flow is beginning to develop. A good theoretical basis exists for the vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions. Inconsistent data and theories are found in the literature concerning the movement of water in both the vapor and liquid phases, under the influence of thermal fields.

The Total Surface Of Some Soils As Related To Permeability And Water Retention Characteristics, Warren W. Rasmussen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It is generally recognized that many of the chemical and physical properties of soils are dependent upon the surface activity of the finer soil fractions. The importance of the magnitude of the surface areas to such properties as base exchange, water-holding capacity, absorption of gases, and the plasticity of soils has been demonstrated. Attempts have been made to determine or estimate the surface of soils and soil fractions by various methods and to relate the values obtained to the physical and chemical characteristics exhibited by these materials. Most determinations have been based on calculations of surface area from mechanical analysis …

Inheritance Of Ten Characters In Barley Crosses, Hazim Ahmed Al-Jibouri

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Inheritance of many characters in barley has been studied, and two or more genes have been located in each of the seven pairs of chromosomes. Studies of the mode of inheritance of these characters will aid plant breeders materially in working with plants of diverse genetic make-up. Hybridization followed by selection and testing can improve present varieties by replacing them with new ones having more desirable characters.

Barley (Hordeum sp.) is one of the few species of plants widely distributed which is well adapted to genetical analysis. This plant has a lower number of chromosomes, complete self fertility, and a …

The Uptake Of Iron By Bean Plants As Influenced By Age, And Calcium And Bicarbonate Ions In Solution Cultures, Michael Marcour

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorosis of the foliage of higher plants has constituted a severe fertility problem in many areas of the world. It has been reported in no less than 30 countries. It has manifested itself in the western states and has usually been associated with a high CaCO₃ content in the soil.

This chlorosis does not always result from lack or unavailability of one of the essential elements, but can result from several conditions around the plant roots or psychological processes taking place within the plant. Both the absence of iron in the Boil and conditions which provoke its unavailability to …

The Iron Content Of Some Plants As Influenced By Conditions Associated With Lime-Induced Chlorosis, Robert E. Warnock

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Throughout much of western United States the soils contain considerable calcium carbonate. This lime is either distributed throughout the soils profile or it occurs in a zone of accumulation at varying depths. On many of these soils certain plants exhibit a chlorosis in varying intensity. This chlorotic condition is not stable as it varies from year to year and even day to day with changing conditions of climate and soil. this chlorosis has been reported from the wine and fruit regions of Europe, from the pineapple and sugar cane areas of Puerto Rico and Florida, from the sorghum and bean …

The Etiology Of Apricot Scorch In Utah County, Utah, Joseph Tarbet Woolley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the summer of 1944 a disease of apricots in Utah County, Utah, was brought to the attention of the staff of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. This disease was characterized by a scorched appearance of the edges of the leaves and therefore was called "apricot scorch."

The typical symptoms of apricot scorch are a scorching and curling of the margins of the leaves. The "scorched" area usually turns a characteristic reddish-brown color, but sometimes is quite light brown or gray. The injury starts at the margins of the leaves and works inward in "waves" first scorching the marginal portion …

Zinc Deficiency In Soils As Affected By Soluble Phosphate, Glen E. Leggett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Zinc deficiency in Utah is found in about 7 per cent of the orchards. The severity varies from minor cases to sever instances in which many of the trees have died. The areas where zinc deficiency is found are becoming more extensive as land cultivation continues.

The treatment of the disorder is expensive and must be repeated often, for it cannot be overcome by the addition of zinc to the soils. The soils in Utah seem to have ample zinc, but in areas where zinc deficiency occurs it apparently is in a form which is not available for plant growth. …

Inheritance Of Certain Characters And The Linkage Relationships Of Factors On Chromosome Iv In Barley, Claude J. Jenkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plant breeding and the development of new or better varieties of plants are essential parts of modern agronomy, horticulture and forestry. The basis for such improvement is a knowledge of the factors and principles of genetics.

A number of genetic studies have been made with barley in recent years. This is partly because of the commercial importance of the crop, and partly because of the many distinct heritable characters of barley plants. The cultivated species of barley offers the plant breeder and geneticist a wealth of material for genetic studies. Varieties differ in a great many readily distinguishable characters, species …

Weather In Relation To The Yield Of Dry-Land Winter Wheat, Wajeeh R. Asfour

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Agriculture first developed in the Middle East where, probably about 15,000-10,000 B. C., the earliest wheat crop was reaped from cultivated wild grasses (Mann, 1946). In Biblical times the Middle East acted as the granary of the western world and led the world in cereal production. Now, however, the situation is different. The Middle East is one of the lowest yielding areas in the world. This failure of the agriculture of the Middle East may be due to both climatic and cultural reasons. Many students of the Middle East report that the climate has changed and that there has been …

The Emergence And Survival Of Certain Forage Plants When Seeded In A Saline Soil, Devere Richard Mcallister

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Salty soils are recognized as an ever increasing problem connected with irrigation agriculture. Millions have been spent by state, federal and private agencies on technical research in an attempt to solve this problem. Other millions have been spent on drainage projects, land leveling, field explorations and soil amendments attempting to alleviate the situation in the field.

Nitrogen Content And Protein Yield Of Alfalfa As Influenced By Variety, William H. Bennett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty-four alfalfa varieties, representing four varietal groups, were compared for nitrogen content and protein yield. A highly significant difference between varieties was noted for nitrogen content, and a significant difference for protein yield. Saskatchewan 666 had the highest content in the first cutting, but Ledak 22009 had the highest content in the third. Group differences were not significant. Crop differences were highly significant for nitrogen content, yield of forage, and of protein. In the case of every variety, the third cutting was richer in nitrogen than the second and the seemed was richer than the first. Protein yield, however, was …

Crop Response To Applications Of Copper Sulfate On Salty Soils, Paul D. Christensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the arid west large areas of soil contain soluble salts in sufficient concentrations to inhabit crop growth. Of the 1,416,957 acres of soil surveyed in Utah from 1899 to 1920, Jennings et al (29) reported that 43.58 per cent contained 0.2 per cent or more of salts. The management and reclamation of these soils present serious problems. The difficulties are further accentuated by the fact that many streams used for irrigation contain appreciable quantities of salt. Generally under these conditions removal of the salt from the soil becomes impracticable, and the problem is one of learning how to get …

The Identification Of The Tomato Mosaic Virus Prevalent In Utah, Ross D. Watson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Collections of tomato mosaic virus obtained from Utah and California produce a localized severe leaf and stem necrosis on Datura meteloides. After the streaked plant has stood sufficiently long to permit secondary growth to occur, a systemic diseased expression develops in a few of the plants. No reference to a similar development on Datura meteloides following inoculation with the tobacco mosaic virus was found in the literature.

Correlated Inheritance In A Cross Of F 22 X Dicklow Wheat, R. Kenneth Bischoff

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper reports a study of the inheritance and of the correlated inheritance in certain observed and measured plant characters in a cross between a hybrid from Dicklow x sevier, (F22) and a pure line from Dicklow, (D#3), one of the original parents of F 22.

Correlated Inheritance In Wheat Iii Federation X Iii C 18 (Dicklow X Sevier Hybrid), D. E. Heywood

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Several wheat characters have been shown to exhibit rather complicated inheritance. Examples are such characters as culm length, spike density, and awn classes. This paper reports a study of the inheritance and of the correlated inheritance of these and some other plant characters in a cross between a hybrid of Dicklow X Sevier (III C 18) with Federation.