Horticulture Commons^™

Radical Social Ecology As Deep Pragmatism: A Call To The Abolition Of Systemic Dissonance And The Minimization Of Entropic Chaos, Arielle Brender

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper aims to shed light on the dissonance caused by the superimposition of Dominant Human Systems on Natural Systems. I highlight the synthetic nature of Dominant Human Systems as egoic and linguistic phenomenon manufactured by a mere portion of the human population, which renders them inherently oppressive unto peoples and landscapes whose wisdom were barred from the design process. In pursuing a radical pragmatic approach to mending the simultaneous oppression and destruction of the human being and the earth, I highlight the necessity of minimizing entropic chaos caused by excess energy expenditure, an essential feature of systems that aim …

Effect Of Pinching And Spacing On The Growth And Development Of Sunflowers (Helianthus Annuus) In East Texas, Bilawal Irshad Cheema

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Helianthus annuus cultivars were grown in East Texas to evaluate the effect of pinching and spacing on their growth and development. The first experiment was conducted twice (Trial 1A, 28 April 2017 and Trial 1B, 3 August 2017) to evaluate the effect of pinching at nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4 on sunflower cultivars ‘Superior Gold’, ‘Pro Cut Gold’, ‘Sun Bright Supreme’, ‘Vincent’s Choice’, and ‘Sunrich Lemon’. For trial 1A, all the non-pinched treatments for the five cultivars produced marketable stem lengths, stem diameters, flower diameters, and disk diameters. For the cultivar ‘Superior Gold’ all the treatments produced marketable stems. …

Mitigating Bioiversity Loss Of Native Plants, Jamie Ana Grigonis

Student Theses 2015-Present

Growing up harvesting from my own vegetable garden and going from nursery to nursery with my mother, it has been extremely evident that plant biodiversity is more than just privet along driveways and carnations in window boxes. Plant biodiversity is often overlooked but crucial to having a healthy and thriving environment. Without certain plants, our ecosystems will crumble and this needs to be addressed now while it’s still at a level we can grow from. In my internship I am working alongside the director of the Thain Family Forest at the New York Botanical Gardens in order to get a …

Nitrogen And Weed Management In Transplanted Tomato In The Nigerian Forest-Savanna Transition Zone, J. A. Adigun, O. S. Daramola, O. R. Adeyemi, P. M. Olorunmaiye, O. A. Osipitan

Haskell Agricultural Laboratory (Northeast Research and Extension Center)

Weed infestation and inherent low soil fertility are among primary reasons for low yields of tomato in Nigeria. Field trials were carried out during the wet season of 2015 and 2016 to evaluate yield response of tomato to nitrogen (N) application and weed control methods in the forest-savanna transition zone of Abeokuta, Nigeria. Positive relationship exists between growth of weed species and increase in N application. Across the years of study, increase in N up to 90 kg/ha increased weed density by 11–25%, however, the increased N gave the transplanted tomato competitive advantage and thus enhanced weed smothering. Pre-transplant application …

Determining The Light Requirements Of Various Turfgrass Systems And Investigating Techniques To Quantify Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Travis Russell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Light is one of the primary growth-limiting factors of turfgrass. Without sufficient quantities of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; 400-700 nm wavelength), turfgrass quality will decline and could ultimately result in plant death. PAR light can be expressed in a daily quantity known as the daily light integral (DLI) and has been utilized to determine minimum light requirements for turfgrass as well as other plants. With an estimated 25% of all turfgrass being maintained under some level of shaded conditions, it is imperative to define minimum DLI requirements of various turfgrass systems to ensure acceptable turf quality. In addition, it is …

Nebline, May 2018

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Farmers: Use climate for planning, weather for doing

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

Seasonal Phenology, Distribution And Treatments For Polyphagotarsonemus Latus (Banks) On Primocane-Fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. Subgenus Rubus) In Arkansas, Jessica Anne Lefors

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Worldwide, blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) are an economically important crop. In 2007, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (broad mites), were first reported damaging primocane-fruiting blackberries in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Since this time, broad mite damage to blackberries and yield loss has been reported in many states and countries. Despite the increasing reports of this blackberry pest, little is known about their population dynamics, and few treatments are available. Growers with broad mite populations need a pest management program to minimize yield loss. Therefore, there was a need to develop sampling techniques, describe broad mite seasonal phenology in blackberry fields, and determine efficacy …

Evaluation Of Fresh-Market Potential Of Arkansas-Grown Fruit: Blackberries, Peaches, Table Grapes, And Muscadine Grapes, Molly Felts

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fresh-market produce is a major component of commercial market sales. However, shelf-life of fresh-market produce is limited, so evaluating postharvest potential (time from harvest to consumption) is critical. Fresh-market fruit can be impacted by many factors that deteriorate the quality of the fruit. Understanding the postharvest physiology of fruit can lead to better handling and storage conditions for extended shelf life and enhanced quality for the consumer. This research project was a collaborative effort within the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture between the Food Science and Horticulture Departments to evaluate the fresh-market potential of Arkansas-grown fruit. Physiochemical and …

Replacing Herbicides With Groundcovers To Enhance Vineyard Sustainability, Benjamin A. Loseke

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In many Midwestern vineyards a three to four-foot weed-free strip is maintained directly beneath the vines to reduce vine-weed competition. Conventionally, this strip has been conserved with repeated applications of herbicide, mainly glyphosate. The necessity for this weed-free strip to reduce vine-weed competition has been well documented in more arid climates. However, in areas with higher soil fertility and adequate rainfall, this strip may be unnecessary. Moreover, stand establishment and early vine growth have not been well documented when planting groundcovers (GC) immediately following the vine planting. The main objective of this project is to assess the severity of competition …

Combinations Of Allelopathic Crop Extracts Reduce Digitaria Spp. And Setaria Faberi Seed Germination, Peter Apicella, Karl Guillard

Honors Scholar Theses

Allelopathic cover crops contain compounds that deter other types of plant seeds from germinating or inhibiting established plants’ growth. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus, SF), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, BW), sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum × drummondii [Nees ex. Steud.] Millsp. & Chase, SSG), and winter rye (Secale cereale) are all known allelopathic cover crops. However, there is little information about the use of these allelopathic cover crops used together and their combined impact on weed seed germination. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the effect of the aforementioned cover crops alone and in combinations in reducing the …

Using Covers And Wetting Agents To Prevent Winter Injury Of Ultradwarf Bermudagrass, Eric Deboer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As ultradwarf bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) putting green use in the United States moves further north, there is risk of sustaining winter injury from low-temperature exposure and tissue desiccation. Protective covers reduce low-temperature exposure on ultradwarf bermudagrass greens. Desiccation of turf can be caused by hydrophobic soils. Wetting agents are applied to actively growing ultradwarf bermudagrass greens to relieve symptoms of hydrophobic soils. Less is known about the effects late-fall wetting agent applications on dormant bermudagrass putting greens. This research aims to define a predicted low-temperature threshold for covering ultradwarf bermudagrass greens and to quantify …

Species And Cultural Management Of Earthworms On Golf Course Turf In Arkansas And Oklahoma, Paige Elizabeth Boyle

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As earthworms feed, they can egest soil and nutrient-rich aggregates (casts) on the soil surface. In low-cut turfgrass systems, such as golf course greens, tees, and fairways, surface casting can result in a muddy playing surface, ball roll issues, weed and pest invasion, reduced aesthetics, surface softening, and reduced photosynthesis. Because the use of pesticides for earthworm control is illegal in the U.S., earthworm casting must be managed through cultural practices. Sand topdressing is one method of earthworm control studied for use on golf courses, with the supposition being that the abrasive sand particles will deter the soft-bodied earthworms from …

Arkansas Soybean Research Studies 2016, Jeremy Ross

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Arkansas is the leading soybean-producing state in the mid-southern United States. Arkansas ranked 11th in soybean production in 2016 when compared to the other soybean-producing states in the U.S. The state represents 3.4% of the total U.S. soybean production and 3.8% of the total acres planted to soybean in 2016. The 2016 state soybean average was 47 bushels per acre, 2.5 bushels per acre less than the state record soybean yield set in 2014. The top five soybean-producing counties in 2016 were Mississippi, Phillips, Poinsett, Crittenden, Arkansas Counties. These five counties accounted for 34.7% of soybean production in Arkansas in …

Non-Target-Site Based Tolerance To Herbicides In Amaranthus Palmeri, Reiofeli Algodon Salas-Perez

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth, one of the most aggressive and damaging broadleaf weeds in the USA, has evolved resistance to multiple herbicide modes of action. The overall objective of this research was to elucidate the mechanisms by which Palmer amaranth adapt to herbicide selection stress. This research aimed (1) to evaluate the efficacy of fomesafen, glufosinate, glyphosate and trifloxysulfuron to Amaranthus populations; (2) identify candidate genes for endowing tolerance to glufosinate; (3) investigate the involvement of non-target-site resistance (NTSR) mechanism in an ALS-resistant population; and (4) to examine the molecular basis of resistance to PPO inhibitors in Palmer amaranth populations from Arkansas. …

Optimizing The Use Of A Liquid Handling Robot To Conduct A High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen Of Arabidopsis Thaliana, B. Kirtley Amos, Victoria G. Pook, Seth Debolt

Horticulture Faculty Publications

Chemical genetics is increasingly being employed to decode traits in plants that may be recalcitrant to traditional genetics due to gene redundancy or lethality. However, the probability of a synthetic small molecule being bioactive is low; therefore, thousands of molecules must be tested in order to find those of interest. Liquid handling robotics systems are designed to handle large numbers of samples, increasing the speed with which a chemical library can be screened in addition to minimizing/standardizing error. To achieve a high-throughput forward chemical genetics screen of a library of 50,000 small molecules on Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), protocols using a …

Kelch F-Box Protein Positively Influences Arabidopsis Seed Germination By Targeting Phytochrome-Interacting Factor1, Manoj Majee, Santosh Kumar, Praveen Kumar Kathare, Shuiqin Wu, Derek Gingerich, Nihar R. Nayak, Louai Salaita, Randy Dinkins, Kathleen Martin, Michael M. Goodin, Lynnette M. A. Dirk, Taylor D. Lloyd, Ling Zhu, Joseph Chappell, Arthur G. Hunt, Richard Vierstra, Enamul Huq, A. Bruce Downie

Horticulture Faculty Publications

Seeds employ sensory systems that assess various environmental cues over time to maximize the successful transition from embryo to seedling. Here we show that the Arabidopsis F-BOX protein COLD TEMPERATURE-GERMINATING (CTG)-10, identified by activation tagging, is a positive regulator of this process. When overexpressed (OE), CTG10 hastens aspects of seed germination. CTG10 is expressed predominantly in the hypocotyl, and the protein is localized to the nucleus. CTG10 interacts with PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (PIF1) and helps regulate its abundance in planta. CTG10-OE accelerates the loss of PIF1 in light, increasing germination efficiency, while PIF1-OE lines fail to complete germination in …

Landscape Foundations: A Practical & Technical Guide To Landscape Maintenance, Marco Crosland

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Many homeowners struggle to maintain healthy landscapes. Often, they simply don’t understand basic principles that, if followed, would make a significant difference in the health and appearance of their landscape. The hope of Landscape Foundations is to help homeowners maintain healthy and excellent landscapes by teaching these “correct principles”.

What makes Landscape Foundations different than other landscape guides is that it brings in current research and explains it in a simple way. This guidebook provides pictures and additional resources to explain landscape maintenance principles. It teaches both the practical and technical sides.

Landscape Foundations is written for both beginners and …

Perbedaan Kualitas Dan Vase Life Bunga Krisan Akibat Aplikasi Macam Pupuk Organik Dengan Variasi Jarak Tanam, Dali Setiadi, Noertjahyani, Suparman

Jurnal Kultivasi

Chrysantemum much appreciated by the public for its beautiful colors and shapes, and has a longer vase life. Quality and vase life of chrysanthemum flowers not only was influenced by post harvest conditions but also the management during plant growth. Light, temperature, relative humidity, fertilization and spacing arrangement on cultivated plant are factors that can affect the quality and vase life of flowers. An experiment was conducted to study the variation of organic fertilizer application effect on quality and vase life of Chrysan-themum flowers with different row spacing, and to find out of organic fertilizer and row spacing which gave …

Keragaan Tiga Jenis Planlet Anggrek Phalaenopsis Asal Protocorm Yang Diinduksi Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate (Ems) Secara In Vitro, Romiyadi, Ai Komariah, Suseno Amien

Jurnal Kultivasi

This research was conducted to determine the effect of concentration of Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate (EMS) to performance of three types of Phalaenopsis Planlets and to know the optimum concentration of EMS on any type of Phalaenopsis orchids. The experiment was conduc-ted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti University, Sumedang. It used a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern, that consisted of two factors and replicated twice.The first factor was the type of Phalaenopsis that resulted form hybridization which consisted of v1 (Phalaenopsis 717 X Phalae-nopsis Fire Bird), v2 (Phalaenopsis Tianong Rose X Sibling), and …

Pengaruh Jenis Media Tanam Dan Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Pembungaan Dan Infeksi Mikoriza Pada Tanaman Anggrek Dendrobium Sp, Okti Herliana, E Rokhminarsi, S Mardini, M Jannah

Jurnal Kultivasi

The research aimed to find out 1) the best growing media for growth and flowering of Dendrobium orchid, 2) the best dosage of mycorrhizal biofertilizer for growth and flowering of Dendrobium orchid, 3) the best combination type of growing media and mycorrhizal biofertilizer for growth and flowering of Dendrobium orchid. The research was conducted at Screen house of Datar Village, Sumbang Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency from May 2017 to November 2017. The research design was using Randomized Block Design (RBD) method with 2 factors and 3 replicates:(1) Growing media with 3 treatment types; wood charcoal, fern (Cyathea contaminans), root of the …

Konsentrasi Dan Waktu Aplikasi K2so4 Pada Produksi Benih Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) G0, Meksy Dianawati

Jurnal Kultivasi

Potassium (K) is very important nutrition for potato tuberization, which can be obtained from K2SO4 fertilizer. The high growth of potato crop on hydroponic cultivation needs to be balanced with the use of K fertilizer with various rate and time of application. This study aimed to increase the production of potato seed G0 with various rates and application time of K2SO4. The study was carried out in a plastic house in Lembang, West Bandung, West Java from June to September 2015. The study used a randomized block design with two treatment factors and five replications. The first treatment factor was …

Pemanfaatan Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Pada Tanaman Kunyit Dalam Mendukung Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat, Dedi Kusbiantoro, Yayuk Purwaningrum

Jurnal Kultivasi

Curcumin is an active component that is widely contained in turmeric. In addition to protecting the liver from damage, it also works as a powerful antioxidant (capturing free radicals harmful to body cells), able toprevent the doubling of cancer cells, can reduce cholesterol and works as anti-inflammation. Recent research proves that Curcumin can also prevent colon cancer. This curcumin has been widely studied by experts both domestic and foreign as a hepatoprotector (protector of the liver from damage) and accelerate the regeneration of liver cells. The modern medic still entrusted liver therapy using Curcumin, as it is safer than using …

Nebline, April 2018

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Can You Pass This Food Safety Quiz?

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Pests & Wildlife

Horticulture

Early Childhood

4-H & Youth

and other extension news and events

Special Pullout Section: Weed Awareness

Effect Of Cultivar And Type On Pepper Yield And Weight, Elizabeth 'Egan' Blessinger

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Peppers (Capsicum) are a valuable commodity throughout the world. They provide food, coloring additives, vitamins, and ornamental aesthetics. Peppers can be grown in many different areas of the world and their success is based on variety selection. Breeding cultivars for superior performance is critical to success. Recent consumer desire for less chemical use throughout the growing process has resulted in new cultivar developments..

The objective of this research was to investigate how cultivar and type affect the yield and weight of field grown peppers. This study provides valuable information for growers in determining which cultivars are suitable for production in …

Responses Of Marigold Cultivars To Saline Water Irrigation, Youping Sun, Genhua Niu, Christina Perez, H. Brent Pemberton, James Altland

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Marigolds (Tagetes sp.) are ornamental plants with fine-textured, dark green foliage, and yellow, orange, or bicolored flowers. The relative salt tolerance of eight marigolds [‘Discovery Orange’, ‘Discovery Yellow’, ‘Taishan Gold’, ‘Taishan Orange’, and ‘Taishan Yellow’ African marigold (Tagetes erecta); ‘Hot Pak Gold’, ‘Hot Pak Orange’, and ‘Hot Pak Yellow’ French marigold (Tagetes patula)] was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. Plants were irrigated weekly with nutrient solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.2 dS·m⁻¹ (control) or saline solutions at an EC of 3.0 or 6.0 dS·m⁻¹ (EC 3 or EC 6). Marigold plants …

Impacts Of Cover Crop And Residue Removal On Soil Hydraulic And Thermal Properties, Michael T. Sindelar

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Large-scale crop residue removal for livestock or biofuel production may negatively affect soil and water resources. A combination of management practices could be the key to manage such resources under increasingly variable climate. For instance, use of cover crops (CCs) could offset the negative impacts that corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal may have on soil water and energy balance. We studied: 1) the effect of corn residue removal (56%) with and without winter rye (Secale cereale L.) CC on soil hydraulic and thermal properties including water infiltration, water retention, pores-size distribution, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and …

Vegetation And Soil Responses To Concrete Grinding Residue Application On Highway Roadsides Of Eastern Nebraska, Ana Wingeyer, Martha Mamo, Walter H. Schacht, Dennis L. Mccallister, Pamela Sutton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

As a precautionary principle, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit establishes that the primary pollutant in concrete grinding residue (CGR) is its alkalinity and restricts CGR roadside discharge to 11 Mg ha⁻¹ or the agronomic liming rate, whichever is lower. We evaluated the effect of CGR application on roadside soil chemical properties, existing vegetation, and rainfall runoff. Five CGR rates (0, 11, 22, 45, and 90 dry Mg ha⁻¹) were tested on roadsides slopes at two different locations in eastern Nebraska. Vegetation, soil, and runoff characteristics were evaluated before CGR application and 30 d and …

A Systems Modeling Approach To Forecast Corn Economic Optimum Nitrogen Rate, Laila A. Puntel, John E. Sawyer, Daniel W. Barker, Peter J. Thorburn, Michael J. Castellano, Kenneth J. Moore, Andy Vanloocke, Emily A. Heaton, Sotirios V. Archontoulis

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Historically crop models have been used to evaluate crop yield responses to nitrogen (N) rates after harvest when it is too late for the farmers to make in-season adjustments. We hypothesize that the use of a crop model as an in-season forecast tool will improve current N decision-making. To explore this, we used the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) calibrated with long-term experimental data for central Iowa, USA (16-years in continuous corn and 15-years in soybean-corn rotation) combined with actual weather data up to a specific crop stage and historical weather data thereafter. The objectives were to: (1) evaluate the …

Determination Of The Ideal Plant Density Of Tomato Solanum Lycopersicum Under An Aquaponic Production System With Tilapia Oreochromis Aureus Under Uae Conditions, Mohamed Ahmed Al Dhanhani

Theses

Aquaponics is an agricultural system that saves water and fertilization and offers a way of growing plants without soil pest infestation or pesticide residues. This system ensures the production of hazardous chemical free food for humans. This system also ensures sustainability by creating a natural relationship between fish and plants and makes gardening more productive and economical.

Aquaponics system is a dynamic ecosystem that can be integrated to achieve food security through the production of fish and vegetables without the intervention of fertilizers.

The focus of this study is optimizing planting density of tomato in an aquaponics system; with assess …

Genome-Wide Analyses Of The Nac Transcription Factor Gene Family In Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.): Chromosome Location, Phylogeny, Structure, Expression Patterns, Cis-Elements In The Promoter, And Interaction Network, Weiping Diao, John C. Snyder, Shubin Wang, Jinbing Liu, Baogui Pan, Guangjun Guo, Wei Ge, Mohammad Hasan Salman Ali Dawood

Horticulture Faculty Publications

The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors form a large plant-specific gene family, which is involved in the regulation of tissue development in response to biotic and abiotic stress. To date, there have been no comprehensive studies investigating chromosomal location, gene structure, gene phylogeny, conserved motifs, or gene expression of NAC in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The recent release of the complete genome sequence of pepper allowed us to perform a genome-wide investigation of Capsicum annuum L. NAC (CaNAC) proteins. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of the CaNAC gene family in pepper was performed, …