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2017

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Articles 91 - 120 of 166

Full-Text Articles in Horticulture

Jasmonoyl-L-Tryptophan Disrupts Iaa Activity Through The Aux1 Auxin Permease, Paul E. Staswick, Martha Rowe, Edgar P. Spalding, Bessie L. Splitt Jan 2017

Jasmonoyl-L-Tryptophan Disrupts Iaa Activity Through The Aux1 Auxin Permease, Paul E. Staswick, Martha Rowe, Edgar P. Spalding, Bessie L. Splitt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Amide-linked conjugates between tryptophan (Trp) and jasmonic (JA) or indole-3- acetic (IAA) acids interfered with gravitropism and other auxin-dependent activities in Arabidopsis, but the mechanism was unclear. To identify structural features necessary for activity several additional Trp conjugates were synthesized. The phenylacetic acid (PAA) conjugate was active, while several others were not. Common features of active conjugates is that they have ring structures that are linked to Trp through an acetic acid side chain, while longer or shorter linkages are inactive or less active. A dominant mutant, called tryptophan conjugate response1-D that is insensitive to JA-Trp, but still sensitive …


Tgbs® Genotyping-By-Sequencing Enables Reliable Genotyping Of Heterozygous Loci, Alina Ott, Sanzhen Liu, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting 'Eddy' Yeh, Kai-Sin Wang, Patrick S. Schnable Jan 2017

Tgbs® Genotyping-By-Sequencing Enables Reliable Genotyping Of Heterozygous Loci, Alina Ott, Sanzhen Liu, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting 'Eddy' Yeh, Kai-Sin Wang, Patrick S. Schnable

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Conventional genotyping-by-sequencing (cGBS) strategies suffer from high rates of missing data and genotyping errors, particularly at heterozygous sites. tGBS® genotyping-by-sequencing is a novel method of genome reduction that employs two restriction enzymes to generate overhangs in opposite orientations to which (single-strand) oligos rather than (double-stranded) adaptors are ligated. This strategy ensures that only doubledigested fragments are amplified and sequenced. The use of oligos avoids the necessity of preparing adaptors and the problems associated with inter-adaptor annealing/ligation. Hence, the tGBS protocol simplifies the preparation of high-quality GBS sequencing libraries. During polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, selective nucleotides included at the 3'-end …


Plantcv V2: Image Analysis Software For High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping, Malia A. Gehan, Noah Fahlgren, Arash Abbasi, Jeffrey C. Berry, Steven T. Callen, Leonardo Chavez, Andrew N. Doust, Max J. Feldman, Kerrigan B. Gilbert, John G. Hodge, J. Steen Hoyer, Andy Lin, Suxing Liu, César Lizárraga, Argelia Lorence, Michael Miller, Eric Platon, Monica Tessman, Tony Sax Jan 2017

Plantcv V2: Image Analysis Software For High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping, Malia A. Gehan, Noah Fahlgren, Arash Abbasi, Jeffrey C. Berry, Steven T. Callen, Leonardo Chavez, Andrew N. Doust, Max J. Feldman, Kerrigan B. Gilbert, John G. Hodge, J. Steen Hoyer, Andy Lin, Suxing Liu, César Lizárraga, Argelia Lorence, Michael Miller, Eric Platon, Monica Tessman, Tony Sax

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Systems for collecting image data in conjunction with computer vision techniques are a powerful tool for increasing the temporal resolution at which plant phenotypes can be measured non-destructively. Computational tools that are flexible and extendable are needed to address the diversity of plant phenotyping problems. We previously described the Plant Computer Vision (PlantCV) software package, which is an image processing toolkit for plant phenotyping analysis. The goal of the PlantCV project is to develop a set of modular, reusable, and repurposable tools for plant image analysis that are open-source and community-developed. Here we present the details and rationale for major …


Leveraging Agroecology For Solutions In Food, Energy, And Water, Marcia Delonge, Andrea D. Basche Jan 2017

Leveraging Agroecology For Solutions In Food, Energy, And Water, Marcia Delonge, Andrea D. Basche

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Global agriculture is facing growing challenges at the nexus of interconnected food, energy and water systems, including but not limited to persistent food insecurity and diet-related diseases; growing demands for energy and consequences for climate change; and declining water resources, water pollution, floods and droughts. Further, soil degradation and biodiversity loss are both triggers for and consequences of these problems. In this commentary, we argue that expanding agroecological principles, tools, and technologies and enhancing biological diversity can address these challenges and achieve better socioeconomic outcomes. Agroecology is often described as multi- or transdiscplinary, and applies ecological principles to the design …


Improving Water Resilience With More Perennially Based Agriculture, Andrea D. Basche, Oliver F. Edelson Jan 2017

Improving Water Resilience With More Perennially Based Agriculture, Andrea D. Basche, Oliver F. Edelson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Land conversion from natural to managed ecosystems, while necessary for food production, continues to occur at high rates with significant water impacts. Further, increased rainfall variability exposes agricultural systems to impacts from flood and drought events. In many regions, water limitations are overcome through technological approaches such as irrigation and tile drainage, which may not be sustainable in the long term. A more sustainable approach to combat episodes of floods and droughts is to increase soil water storage and the overall green water efficiency of agroecosystems. Agricultural practices that promote “continuous living cover,” such as perennial grasses, agroforestry and cover …


Using An Active-Optical Sensor To Develop An Optimal Ndvi Dynamic Model For High-Yield Rice Production (Yangtze, China), Xiaojun Liu, Richard B. Ferguson, Hengbiao Zheng, Qiang Cao, Yongchao Tian, Weixing Cao, Yan Zhu Jan 2017

Using An Active-Optical Sensor To Develop An Optimal Ndvi Dynamic Model For High-Yield Rice Production (Yangtze, China), Xiaojun Liu, Richard B. Ferguson, Hengbiao Zheng, Qiang Cao, Yongchao Tian, Weixing Cao, Yan Zhu

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The successful development of an optimal canopy vegetation index dynamic model for obtaining higher yield can offer a technical approach for real-time and nondestructive diagnosis of rice (Oryza sativa L) growth and nitrogen (N) nutrition status. In this study, multiple rice cultivars and N treatments of experimental plots were carried out to obtain: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), above-ground dry matter (DM), and grain yield (GY) data. The quantitative relationships between NDVI and these growth indices (e.g., LAI, DM and GY) were analyzed, showing positive correlations. Using the normalized modeling method, an appropriate NDVI simulation model …


Genomic Prediction With Pedigree And Genotype X Environment Interaction In Spring Wheat Grown In South And West Asia, North Africa, And Mexico, Sivakumar Sukumaran, José Crossa, Diego Jarquin, Marta Lopes, Matthew P. Reynolds Jan 2017

Genomic Prediction With Pedigree And Genotype X Environment Interaction In Spring Wheat Grown In South And West Asia, North Africa, And Mexico, Sivakumar Sukumaran, José Crossa, Diego Jarquin, Marta Lopes, Matthew P. Reynolds

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Developing genomic selection (GS) models is an important step in applying GS to accelerate the rate of genetic gain in grain yield in plant breeding. In this study, seven genomic prediction models under two cross-validation (CV) scenarios were tested on 287 advanced elite spring wheat lines phenotyped for grain yield (GY), thousand-grain weight (GW), grain number (GN), and thermal time for flowering (TTF) in 18 international environments (year-location combinations) in major wheat-producing countries in 2010 and 2011. Prediction models with genomic and pedigree information included main effects and interaction with environments. Two random CV schemes were applied to predict a …


Validation Of Qtl Mapping And Transcriptome Profiling For Identification Of Candidate Genes Associated With Nitrogen Stress Tolerance In Sorghum, Malleswari Gelli, Anji Reddy Konda, Kan Liu, Chi Zhang, Thomas E. Clemente, David R. Holding, Ismail M. Dweikat Jan 2017

Validation Of Qtl Mapping And Transcriptome Profiling For Identification Of Candidate Genes Associated With Nitrogen Stress Tolerance In Sorghum, Malleswari Gelli, Anji Reddy Konda, Kan Liu, Chi Zhang, Thomas E. Clemente, David R. Holding, Ismail M. Dweikat

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detected in one mapping population may not be detected in other mapping populations at all the time. Therefore, before being used for marker assisted breeding, QTLs need to be validated in different environments and/or genetic backgrounds to rule out statistical anomalies. In this regard, we mapped the QTLs controlling various agronomic traits in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in response to Nitrogen (N) stress and validated these with the reported QTLs in our earlier study to find the stable and consistent QTLs across populations. Also, with Illumina RNA-sequencing we checked the differential expression of …


Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Rudis Sauer): Consequences For The Dispersal Of Resistance Genes, Debalin Sarangi, Andrew J. Tyre, Eric L. Patterson, Todd A. Gaines, Suat Irmak, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Amit J. Jhala Jan 2017

Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Rudis Sauer): Consequences For The Dispersal Of Resistance Genes, Debalin Sarangi, Andrew J. Tyre, Eric L. Patterson, Todd A. Gaines, Suat Irmak, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Amit J. Jhala

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Gene flow is an important component in evolutionary biology; however, the role of gene flow in dispersal of herbicide-resistant alleles among weed populations is poorly understood. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln to quantify pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosate-resistant (GR) to -susceptible (GS) common waterhemp using a concentric donorreceptor design. More than 130,000 common waterhemp plants were screened and 26,199 plants were confirmed resistant to glyphosate. Frequency of gene flow from all distances, directions, and years was estimated with a double exponential decay model using Generalized Nonlinear Model (package gnm) in R. PMGF declined by 50% …


Estimating Yield Gaps At The Cropping System Level, Nicolas Guilpart, Patricio Grassini, Victor O. Sadras, Jagadish Timsina, Kenneth Cassman Jan 2017

Estimating Yield Gaps At The Cropping System Level, Nicolas Guilpart, Patricio Grassini, Victor O. Sadras, Jagadish Timsina, Kenneth Cassman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Yield gap analyses of individual crops have been used to estimate opportunities for increasing crop production at local to global scales, thus providing information crucial to food security. However, increases in crop production can also be achieved by improving cropping system yield through modification of spatial and temporal arrangement of individual crops. In this paper we define the cropping system yield potential as the output from the combination of crops that gives the highest energy yield per unit of land and time, and the cropping system yield gap as the difference between actual energy yield of an existing cropping system …


Modeling Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant To -Susceptible Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida L.) Under Field Conditions, Zahoor A. Ganie, Amit J. Jhala Jan 2017

Modeling Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Glyphosate-Resistant To -Susceptible Giant Ragweed (Ambrosia Trifida L.) Under Field Conditions, Zahoor A. Ganie, Amit J. Jhala

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A field experiment was conducted to quantify pollen mediated gene flow (PMGF) from glyphosateresistant (GR) to glyphosate-susceptible (GS) giant ragweed under simulated field conditions using glyphosate resistance as a selective marker. Field experiments were conducted in a concentric design with the GR giant ragweed pollen source planted in the center and GS giant ragweed pollen receptors surrounding the center in eight directional blocks at specified distances (between 0.1 and 35 m in cardinal and ordinal directions; and additional 50 m for ordinal directions). Seeds of GS giant ragweed were harvested from the pollen receptor blocks and a total of 100,938 …


Gene Silencing Of Argonaute5 Negatively Affects The Establishment Of The Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, Maria Del Rocio Reyero-Saavedra, Zhenzhen Qiao, Maria Del Socorro Sanchez-Correa, M. Enrique Diaz-Pineda, Jose L. Reyes, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Marc Libault, Oswaldo Valdes-Lopez Jan 2017

Gene Silencing Of Argonaute5 Negatively Affects The Establishment Of The Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis, Maria Del Rocio Reyero-Saavedra, Zhenzhen Qiao, Maria Del Socorro Sanchez-Correa, M. Enrique Diaz-Pineda, Jose L. Reyes, Alejandra A. Covarrubias, Marc Libault, Oswaldo Valdes-Lopez

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The establishment of the symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia is finely regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and posttranslational levels. Argonaute5 (AGO5), a protein involved in RNA silencing, can bind both viral RNAs and microRNAs to control plant-microbe interactions and plant physiology. For instance, AGO5 regulates the systemic resistance of Arabidopsis against Potato Virus X as well as the pigmentation of soybean (Glycine max) seeds. Here, we show that AGO5 is also playing a central role in legume nodulation based on its preferential expression in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean roots and nodules. We also …


Muskmelon Variety Trial In Southwest Indiana — 2016, Wenjing Guan, Dennis Nowaskie Jan 2017

Muskmelon Variety Trial In Southwest Indiana — 2016, Wenjing Guan, Dennis Nowaskie

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

This is a compilation of 21 research trial reports from four land-grant universities in the Midwestern United States. Crops include cantaloupe, pickling cucumber, pepper, potato, pumpkin, summer squash and zucchini, sweet corn, tomato, and watermelon. Somecrops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoophouses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. One report addressed plant spacing for sweet corn and one addressed soil block for production of tomato seedlings. A list of vegetable seed sources and a list of other online sources of vegetable trial reports are also included.


Watermelon Variety Evaluations In Southwest Indiana, 2016, Wenjing Guan, Dan Egel, Dennis Nowaskie Jan 2017

Watermelon Variety Evaluations In Southwest Indiana, 2016, Wenjing Guan, Dan Egel, Dennis Nowaskie

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

This is a compilation of 21 research trial reports from four land-grant universities in the Midwestern United States. Crops include cantaloupe, pickling cucumber, pepper, potato, pumpkin, summer squash and zucchini, sweet corn, tomato, and watermelon. Somecrops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoophouses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. One report addressed plant spacing for sweet corn and one addressed soil block for production of tomato seedlings. A list of vegetable seed sources and a list of other online sources of vegetable trial reports are also included.


Potassium Applications And Yellow Shoulder Disorder Of Tomatoes In High Tunnels, Elizabeth Maynard, Israel S. Calsoya, Jill Malecki Jan 2017

Potassium Applications And Yellow Shoulder Disorder Of Tomatoes In High Tunnels, Elizabeth Maynard, Israel S. Calsoya, Jill Malecki

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

Tomatoes grown in unheated high tunnels can suffer significant loss in quality due to yellow shoulder disorder, particularly in susceptible varieties. This paper reports on a preliminary trial to determine whether incidence and severity of the disorder could be influenced by applying potassium fertilizers. Plots with higher leaf potassium content tended to have less fruit with severe yellow shoulder disorder, but increasing the amount of potassium fertilizer applied did not significantly reduce the disorder. From this study it isn’t possible to make specific recommendations for reducing yellow shoulder disorder with potassium applications.


Midwest Vegetable Trial Report For 2016, Elizabeth Maynard, Brad Bergefurd Jan 2017

Midwest Vegetable Trial Report For 2016, Elizabeth Maynard, Brad Bergefurd

Purdue Fruit and Vegetable Research Reports

This is a compilation of 21 research trial reports from six land-grant universities in the midwestern United States. Crops include dry beans, cantaloupe, cucumber, pepper, pumpkin, sweet corn, summer squash, winter squash, strawberry, tomato, watermelon, and winter melon. Several crops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoop houses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. Three reports addressed specific growing practices: the use of poly-coated urea to supply nitrogen to sweet corn, potassium fertilization for high tunnel tomatoes, and use of cereal rye cover crop in butternut squash.


Evaluation Of 11 Bell Pepper Cultivars In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy Jan 2017

Evaluation Of 11 Bell Pepper Cultivars In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2016 Evaluation Of Standard Pickling Cucumber Varieties In Kansas, Stephanie Gruetze, Kimberly Oxley, Cary L. Rivard Jan 2017

2016 Evaluation Of Standard Pickling Cucumber Varieties In Kansas, Stephanie Gruetze, Kimberly Oxley, Cary L. Rivard

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluation Of 15 Specialty Pepper Cultivars In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy Jan 2017

Evaluation Of 15 Specialty Pepper Cultivars In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2016 Butternut Squash Cereal Rye Cover Crop Tillage And Fertility Trial, Ben Phillips Jan 2017

2016 Butternut Squash Cereal Rye Cover Crop Tillage And Fertility Trial, Ben Phillips

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Supersweet Corn Evaluations In Central Kentucky, Chris Smigell, John Strang, John Snyder Jan 2017

Supersweet Corn Evaluations In Central Kentucky, Chris Smigell, John Strang, John Snyder

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Midwest Vegetable Trial Report For 2016, Elizabeth Maynard, Brad Bergefurd Jan 2017

Midwest Vegetable Trial Report For 2016, Elizabeth Maynard, Brad Bergefurd

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

This is a compilation of 21 research trial reports from six land-grant universities in the midwestern United States. Crops include dry beans, cantaloupe, cucumber, pepper, pumpkin, sweet corn, summer squash, winter squash, strawberry, tomato, watermelon, and winter melon. Several crops were evaluated in high tunnels or hoop houses. Most trials evaluated different cultivars or varieties. Three reports addressed specific growing practices: the use of poly-coated urea to supply nitrogen to sweet corn, potassium fertilization for high tunnel tomatoes, and use of cereal rye cover crop in butternut squash.


Yield Of 17 Summer Squash Varieties In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy Jan 2017

Yield Of 17 Summer Squash Varieties In Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Winter Melon (Benincasa Hispida) As A New Crop For Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy Jan 2017

Winter Melon (Benincasa Hispida) As A New Crop For Southwest Michigan, Ron Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2016 Evaluation Of Hybrid Bell Pepper Varieties For High Tunnel Production In Kansas, Kimberly Oxley, David Loewen, Cary L. Rivard Jan 2017

2016 Evaluation Of Hybrid Bell Pepper Varieties For High Tunnel Production In Kansas, Kimberly Oxley, David Loewen, Cary L. Rivard

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2016 Evaluation Of Determinate Tomato Varieties For High Tunnel Production In Kansas, Kimberly Oxley, David Loewen, Cary L. Rivard Jan 2017

2016 Evaluation Of Determinate Tomato Varieties For High Tunnel Production In Kansas, Kimberly Oxley, David Loewen, Cary L. Rivard

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Poly-Coated Urea Rate Influences Sweet Corn Yield, Ron Goldy, Carly Andres, Virginia Wendzel Jan 2017

Poly-Coated Urea Rate Influences Sweet Corn Yield, Ron Goldy, Carly Andres, Virginia Wendzel

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2016 Ohio Sweet Corn Evaluations, Michael L. Gastier, Matthew Hofelich, Allen M. Gahler Jan 2017

2016 Ohio Sweet Corn Evaluations, Michael L. Gastier, Matthew Hofelich, Allen M. Gahler

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluating West Virginia Organic Heritage Beans For Commercial Markets In West Virginia, Lewis Jett Jan 2017

Evaluating West Virginia Organic Heritage Beans For Commercial Markets In West Virginia, Lewis Jett

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Pumpkin Cultivar Performance Trial Grown In Southern Ohio 2016, Brad R. Bergefurd Jan 2017

Pumpkin Cultivar Performance Trial Grown In Southern Ohio 2016, Brad R. Bergefurd

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.