Horticulture Commons^™

Influence Of Surfactant-Humectant Adjuvants On Physical Properties, Droplet Size, And Efficacy Of Glufosinate Formulations, Estefania G. Polli, Guilherme S. Alves, Jesaelen Gizotti De Moraes, Greg Robert Kruger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Glufosinate efficacy is inconsistent among weed species and under environmental conditions that favor rapid droplet drying. Surfactant-humectant adjuvants could maximize glufosinate efficacy by increasing wetting and penetration into the leaf surface while decreasing evaporation rate (ER). However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the interaction of surfactant-humectants adjuvants with glufosinate. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of surfactanthumectant adjuvants on the physical properties, droplet size, and efficacy of two glufosinate formulations. Laboratory, greenhouse, and field studies were conducted at the Pesticide Application Technology Laboratory of the University of Nebraska- Lincoln. Treatment design …

Prosopis Glandulosa Persistence Is Facilitated By Differential Protection Of Buds During Low- And High-Energy Fires, Heath D. Starns, Carissa L. Wonkka, Matthew B. Dickinson, Alexandra G. Lodge, Morgan L. Treadwell, Kathleen L. Kavanagh, Douglas R. Tolleson, Dirac L. Twidwell Jr, William E. Rogers

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Rangelands worldwide have experienced significant shifts from grass-dominated to woody-plant dominated states over the past century. In North America, these shifts are largely driven by overgrazing and landscape-scale fire suppression. Such shifts reduce productivity for livestock, can have broad-scale impacts to biodiversity, and are often difficult to reverse. Restoring grass dominance often involves restoring fire as an ecological process. However, many resprouting woody plants persist following disturbance, including fire, by resprouting from protected buds, rendering fire ineffective for reducing resprouting woody plant density. Recent research has shown that extreme fire (high-energy fires during periods of water stress) may reduce resprouting …

Managing Vegetation Around Fruit Trees, Teryl Roper

All Current Publications

Fruit trees thrive along the Wasatch Front and in many other locations in Utah. Backyard fruit trees are very common in Utah, and producers quickly become attuned to insect and disease pests that can swiftly spoil substantial amounts of fruit. They are typically less aware of the detrimental effect of competing vegetation around fruit trees. This fact sheet describes the nature of vegetation competition and proposes management strategies to reduce or eliminate competition.

Genome-Wide Dna Polymorphism Analysis And Molecular Marker Development For The Setaria Italica Variety “Ssr41” And Positional Cloning Of The Setaria White Leaf Sheath Gene Siwls1, Hui Zhang, Sha Tang, James C. Schnable, Qiang He, Yuanzhu Gao, Mingzhao Luo, Guanqing Jia, Baili Feng, Hui Zhi, Xianmin Diao

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genome-wide DNA polymorphism analysis and molecular marker development are important for forward genetics research and DNA marker-assisted breeding. As an ideal model system for Panicoideae grasses and an important minor crop in East Asia, foxtail millet (Setaria italica) has a high-quality reference genome as well as large mutant libraries based on the “Yugu1” variety. However, there is still a lack of genetic and mutation mapping tools available for forward genetics research on S. italica. Here, we screened another S. italica genotype, “SSR41”, which is morphologically similar to, and readily cross-pollinates with, “Yugu1”. High-throughput resequencing of “SSR41” …

A Chickpea Genetic Variation Map Based On The Sequencing Of 3,366 Genomes, Rajeev K. Varshney, Manish Roorkiwal, Shuai Sun, Prasad Bajaj, Annapurna Chitikineni, Mahendar Thudi, Narendra P. Singh, Xiao Du, Hari D. Upadhyaya, Diego Jarquin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Zero hunger and good health could be realized by 2030 through effective conservation, characterization and utilization of germplasm resources1 . So far, few chickpea (Cicerarietinum) germplasm accessions have been characterized at the genome sequence level2 . Here we present a detailed map of variation in 3,171 cultivated and 195 wild accessions to provide publicly available resources for chickpea genomics research and breeding. We constructed a chickpea pan-genome to describe genomic diversity across cultivated chickpea and its wild progenitor accessions. A divergence tree using genes present in around 80% of individuals in one species allowed us to estimate the divergence of …

Evaluating Substrate Stratification Practices For Enhanced Water Resource Management In Nursery Production, Kristopher S. Criscione

LSU Master's Theses

The nursery and greenhouse industries have continued to increase in production and sales over the past two decades. This increase in horticultural production necessitates a greater demand for finite natural resources, specifically water. Sustainable water resource management will be critical to the success and continual growth of the nursery industry. Strategic irrigation scheduling and innovative substrate management practices can improve nursery resource efficiency. Soilless substrates were originally utilized by the industry to increase substrate air-filled porosity, to ensure adequately drained container systems. Thus, the implementation of these soilless substrates can lead to an inefficient use of water and fertilizer. Substrate …

Evaluation Of Cold-Hardy Grapes On The Wasatch Front, Michael Caron, Taun Beddes, Michael Pace, Brent Black

All Current Publications

Grapes can be an excellent addition to home gardens and a revenue opportunity for small-acreage farms. Utah’s Wasatch Front region, along with portions of Cache Valley, are well suited to grow grapes, particularly the more cold-hardy cultivars. Many new cold-hardy cultivars have been introduced over the last few decades, including both wine and table types. However, many of these newer cultivars have not been adequately tested in Utah’s unique climate. Utah State University Extension conducted a grape cultivar comparison planting in Lehi, Utah. This fact sheet reviews the outcomes of the study and offers information on tested varieties that have …

Nebline, Nov./Dec.2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Holiday Food Tips

Recipes of the Month

Traditions Rituals and Routines During a COVID-19 Holiday Season

Wise Use of Private Water and Wastewater Systems Can Make the Holidays More Peaceful

Dormant Lawn Seeding

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

4-H Thanks 2021 Sponsors

Farmland Trends and Lease Considerations for 2022 Workshop

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

Ag Society Annual Election & Meeting

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award, Jamie Wood

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award, Julia Plugge

Slime, Jelly Worms & Goo: Food Science 4-H Workshop, Dec. 4

Finger Knit 4-H Workshop, Dec. 11

2021 4-H Horse Awards Night

4-H Announcements …

University Research On Winter Growing Of Container-Grown Strawberries Translates To Grower's Farm Trial, Stacy A. Adams, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Ryan Pekarek, Dave P. Lambe, George Meyer, M. Elizabeth Conley, Paul Read

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Strawberries are only seasonally available in Nebraska (NE). If an affordable heated structure can be designed, then opportunity exists to increase on-farm income by producing strawberries off-season during high-value market periods. A series of university greenhouse trials were conducted from 2010 to 2012. The varieties Evie-2 and Seascape were identified as being most productive under a low technology growing scheme. A new research project, which ran from fall to late spring (2013–2014), was designed to determine if this production scheme would translate to a commercial grower. Varieties Seascape and Evie-2 (each at two grades indicated by +) and San Andreas …

2021 Cantaloupe Variety Evaluation In Indiana, Wenjing Guan, Dan Egel, Dennis Nowaskie, Dean Haseman

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

Indiana ranks sixth in cantaloupe production in the US. A total of 1,800 acres of cantaloupes were planted in Indiana with a production value of $8.6 million in 2018 (USDA 2021). Melon produced in Indiana is primarily eastern-type cantaloupes. Traditional eastern-type cantaloupes have less pronounced netting, larger fruit size, softer flesh and shorter shelf life compared with western-type cantaloupes. They are harvested at quarter-slip to full-slip stage, and require frequent harvest. Recently, extended shelf life varieties have been developed and are becoming attractive in the eastern market. This variety trial included 11 traditional eastern-type cantaloupes, as well as extended shelf-life …

The Effect Of Natural Elicitors And Cold Storage Period On Quality Improvement Of Uae Date Palm Fruits (Phoenix Dactylifera, Cv. Barhi), Fatima Yaaqoub Yousef Al Shaibani

Theses

Date palm is an agricultural crop of economic importance in most Arab countries. Among the different varieties of date palms grown in the United Arab Emirates, the Barhi variety is extremely popular and is often consumed at the bisr stage (first edible stage). However, the major challenge for this fruit at bisr stage is to maintain its quality over a long period after harvest and during marketing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic effect of preharvest spraying with a natural elicitor, namely chitosan (Ch) 1%, alone and in combination with salicylic acid (SA) 2 mM and …

Growing Faba Beans On The South Coast Of Western Australia, Sarah Belli, Carla Milazzo, Emma Pearse, King Yin Lui, Grace Williams, Jeremy Lemon

Grain and other field crops published reports

Editors: Megan Abrahams, Andrew Blake and Vanessa Stewart (DPIRD)

Foreword

Thirty-three years ago I started work in Esperance on broadleaf crops. One of the best things my boss set up for me was arranging visits with several lupin farmers so I could follow their crops from seeding, through the growing season, to harvest. It was a great way to quickly get an idea of the choices farmers make and the reasons why.

With today’s busy lives, most farmers would be hard pressed to have the luxury of visiting many other farmers multiple times to learn how to grow a crop. …

Performance Of 16 Fresh Market And Eight Saladette Tomato Cultivars In Southwest Michigan In 2021, Ron G. Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

Statistical differences were found in all traits measured in the fresh market and saladette trials. The best overall performing (high yield, fruit weight, low cull number) entry for the fresh market trial was Red Snapper followed by STM2255 and Rambler. The best overall entries for the saladette trial were the numbered entries of STM71065, VT181108230, and VT19077200. Release of numbered selections for commercial grower production is the discretion of the parent seed company.

Performance Of Five Slicing Cucumbers In Southwest Michigan, Ron G. Goldy

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

All five selections evaluated had statistically similar total yields. Four entries (Brickyard, VC18013163, VC18013225, and Raceway) had similar Number 1 Fruit Yield and appear suitable for planting in Southwest Michigan. VC18013225 and Raceway had the longest fruit while fruit diameter was similar for all entries.

Control Of Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitor/Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) In Isoxaflutole/Glufosinate/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean, Jasmine Mausbach, Suat Irmak, Debalin Sarangi, John L. Lindquist, Amit J. Jhala

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Palmer amaranth is the most problematic and troublesome weed in agronomic cropping systems in the United States. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor and glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth has been confirmed in Nebraska and it is widespread in several counties. Soybean resistant to isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate has been developed that provides additional herbicide site of action for control of herbicide-resistant weeds. The objectives of this study were to evaluate herbicide programs for control of ALS inhibitor/GR Palmer amaranth and their effect on Palmer amaranth density and biomass, as well as soybean injury and yield in isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate-resistant soybean. Field experiments were conducted in a grower's …

Australian National Mango Breeding Program, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Horticulture factsheets

The Australian National Mango Breeding Program was initiated in 1994 between four state, territory and federal agricultural organisations.

The first outputs are three new hybrid mango varieties, known as NMBP-1201, NMBP- 1243 and NMBP-4069. In 2022 Mango Road Pty Ltd (part of the Manbulloo Group) was awarded the management rights for the NMBP mango varieties.

They were renamed Yess! (NMBP 1243), Ahhh! (NMBP-1201) and Gee! (NMBP-4069).

The Australian National Mango Breeding Program (NMBP) was initiated in 1994. The project was a collaboration between agricultural agencies in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland, and CSIRO.

The purpose was to develop superior …

Identification And Validation Of High Ld Hotspot Genomic Regions Harboring Stem Rust Resistant Genes On 1b, 2a (Sr38), And 7b Chromosomes In Wheat, Shamseldeen Eltaher, Amira M.I. Mourad, P Stephen Baenziger, Stephen Wegulo, Vikas Belamkar, Ahmed Sallam

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. is an important disease of common wheat globally. The production and cultivation of genetically resistant cultivars are one of the most successful and environmentally friendly ways to protect wheat against fungal pathogens. Seedling screening and genome-wide association study (GWAS) were used to determine the genetic diversity of wheat genotypes obtained on stem rust resistance loci. At the seedling stage, the reaction of the common stem rust race QFCSC in Nebraska was measured in a set of 212 genotypes from F3:6 lines. The results indicated that 184 genotypes (86.8%) had different …

Spatial Frameworks For Robust Estimation Of Yield Gaps, Juan I. Rattalino Edreira, José F. Andrade, Kenneth G. Cassman, Martin K. Ittersum, Marloes P. Van Loon, Patricio Grassini

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Food security interventions and policies need reliable estimates of crop production and the scope to enhance production on existing cropland. Here we assess the performance of two widely used ‘top-down’ gridded frameworks (Global Agro-ecological Zones and Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project) versus an alternative ‘bottom-up’ approach (Global Yield Gap Atlas). The Global Yield Gap Atlas estimates extra production potential locally for a number of sites representing major breadbaskets and then upscales the results to larger spatial scales. We find that estimates from top-down frameworks are alarmingly unlikely, with estimated potential production being lower than current farm production at some …

Development Of A Genomic Prediction Pipeline For Maintaining Comparable Sample Sizes In Training And Testing Sets Across Prediction Schemes Accounting For The Genotype-By-Environment Interaction, Reyna Persa, Martin Grondona, Diego Jarquin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The global growing population is experiencing challenges to satisfy the food chain supply in a world that faces rapid changes in environmental conditions complicating the development of stable cultivars. Emergent methodologies aided by molecular marker information such as marker assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) have been widely adopted to assist the development of improved genotypes. In general, the implementation of GS is not straightforward, and it usually requires cross-validation studies to find the optimum set of factors (training set sizes, number of markers, quality control, etc.) to use in real breeding applications. In most cases, these different scenarios …

A Machine Learning Interpretation Of The Contribution Of Foliar Fungicides To Soybean Yield In The North‐Central United States, Denis A. Shah, Thomas R. Butts, Spyridon Mourtzinis, Juan I. Rattalino Edreira, Patricio Grassini, Shawn P. Conley, Paul D. Esker

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Foliar fungicide usage in soybeans in the north-central United States increased steadily over the past two decades. An agronomically-interpretable machine learning framework was used to understand the importance of foliar fungicides relative to other factors associated with realized soybean yields, as reported by growers surveyed from 2014 to 2016. A database of 2738 spatially referenced fields (of which 30% had been sprayed with foliar fungicides) was fit to a random forest model explaining soybean yield. Latitude (a proxy for unmeasured agronomic factors) and sowing date were the two most important factors associated with yield. Foliar fungicides ranked 7th out of …

Implications Of Cover Crop Planting And Termination Timing On Rainfed Maize Production In Semi-Arid Cropping Systems, Alexandre T. Rosa, Cody Creech, Roger W. Elmore, Daran Rudnick, John L. Lindquist, Miguel Fudolig, Liberty E. Butts, Rodrigo Werle

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Despite the potential to increase soil organic matter, cycle soil nutrients, and suppress weeds, there is a concern that cover crops (CCs) soil water use negatively impacts subsequent crops in water-limited environments. Cover crop management practices such as planting and termination timing may mitigate the detrimental impacts of CCs in semi-arid cropping systems. To determine the effects of CCs under water-limited environments, we evaluated the total CC biomass produced in the fall and spring, soil water content during the subsequent maize growing season, weed density and biomass, crop residue, and soil nutrients at the maize V6 development stage, and maize …

Contributions Of Individual Cover Crop Species To Rainfed Maize Production In Semi-Arid Cropping Systems, Alexandre T. Rosa, Cody Creech, Roger W. Elmore, Daran Rudnick, John L. Lindquist, Liberty Butts, Italo K. Pinho De Faria, Rodrigo Werle

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cover crop (CC) species selection can contribute to reducing soil penetration resistance (brassica species), improved soil nitrogen (N) cycling (legume species), and suppression of weeds (grass species). However, one of the main concerns about including CCs in water-limited environments is soil water use and the consequences to subsequent crops. To determine the effects of individual CC species under water-limited environments, we evaluated fall and spring CC biomass produced, and soil water and N content, penetration resistance, weed density and biomass during the maize growing season, and maize grain yield. The experiment was conducted under a winter wheat-maize-fallow rotation at two …

Hemp Growth Factors And Extraction Methods Effect On Antimicrobial Activity Of Hemp Seed Oil: A Systematic Review, Klaudia Ostapczuk, Samuel Obeng Apori, Giovani Estrada, Furong Tian

Articles

The bioactive Hemp Seed Oil (HSO) is becoming very popular in the medical and research fields due to its antimicrobial properties against several diseases caused by bacteria and fungi. However, the effect of hemp-growing factors and extraction methods on the bioactivity of HSO does not receive adequate research attention. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the effect of growth factors and extraction methods on the antimicrobial activity of HSO. Articles were retrieved from Google Scholar and the Scopus database and screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study revealed that HSO prefers warm climates and favorable humidity ranging from 20 …

Advancing Agricultural Research Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Spyridon Mourtzinis, Paul D. Esker, James E. Specht, Shawn P. Conley

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Rising global population and climate change realities dictate that agricultural productivity must be accelerated. Results from current traditional research approaches are difficult to extrapolate to all possible fields because they are dependent on specific soil types, weather conditions, and background management combinations that are not applicable nor translatable to all farms. A method that accurately evaluates the effectiveness of infinite cropping system interactions (involving multiple management practices) to increase maize and soybean yield across the US does not exist. Here, we utilize extensive databases and artificial intelligence algorithms and show that complex interactions, which cannot be evaluated in replicated trials, …

Final Selection Of Quality Protein Popcorn Hybrids, Leandra Parsons, Ying Ren, Abou Yobi, Ruthie Angelovici, Oscar Rodriguez, David R. Holding

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Quality Protein Popcorn (QPP) BC₂F₅ inbred lines were produced through an interpopulation breeding system between Quality Protein Maize dent (QPM) and elite popcorn germplasm. In 2019, five QPP F₁ hybrids were selected for further evaluation due to superior agronomics, endosperm protein quality, and popping quality traits. Though these BC₂F₅ QPP hybrids were phenotypically similar to their popcorn parents, the QPP cultivars conveyed slightly inferior popping characteristics when compared to the original popcorn germplasm. The objective of this study was twofold. First, BC₂F₅ inbred lines were crossed to their popcorn parents …

Sycamore Scale (Stomacoccus Platani), Marion Murray, Ryan Davis

All Current Publications

Sycamore scale feeds on foliage of London planetree and California sycamore in urbanized areas throughout Utah. The insect is difficult to see with the naked eye, so we rely on the primary symptom of yellow-to-brown leaf spots. If needed, the timing of treatment is at bud break and involves oil application and/or a soil-applied systemic insecticide.

Nebline, September/October 2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H Youth Help Celebrate 150 Years of Lancaster County Fair

Farm to School Connections in Lancaster County

Recipe of the Month

Uses of Compost

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

GroBigRed Virtual Learning Series

Medically Important Spiders in Nebraska: The Black Widow and Brown Recluse

Herd Health Vaccinations

4-H Announcements for enrolled 4-H'ers or 4-H volunteers

4-H State Public Speaking Top Results

Eight Lancaster 4-H Clubs Receive Governor’s Ag Excellence Awards

Sam’s Club Donates $1,000 to 4-H Council

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Tim & Jenny Higgins

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: JJ & Amy Frink

Youth Science Day …

Effects Of Micro-Rates Of 2,4-D And Dicamba On Lettuce And Pumpkin In Nebraska, Xinzheng Chen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Off-target herbicide injury from dicamba and 2,4-D is an increasingly common problem for specialty crop growers in the Midwestern United States. Both lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) are common specialty crops grown in Nebraska, and their proximity to corn and soybean production makes these crops susceptible to herbicide drift injury and yield loss. The objectives of this thesis research was to quantify crop injury and yield loss in greenhouse- and field-grown lettuce and field-grown pumpkins at different growth stages after exposure to sub-lethal doses of dicamba or 2,4-D. Dose response curves were generated to determine …

Arkansas Wheat Performance Tests 2020-2021, J. F. Carlin, R. D. Bond, D. E. Moon, R. B. Morgan

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat variety performance tests are conducted each year in Ark- ansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide informa- tion to companies developing varieties and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for small-grain producers. The tests are conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Jackson County Extension Center near Newport, the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, …

Predicting Non-Native Insect Impact: Focusing On The Trees To See The Forest, Ashley N. Schulz, Angela M. Mech, Matthew P. Ayres, Jamal J.K. Gandhi, Nathan P. Havill, Daniel A. Herms, Angela M. Hoover, Ruth A. Hufbauer, Andrew M. Liebhold, Travis D. Marsico, Kenneth F. Raffa, Patrick C. Tobin, Daniel R. Uden, Kathryn A. Thomas

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Non-native organisms have invaded novel ecosystems for centuries, yet we have only a limited understanding of why their impacts vary widely from minor to severe. Predicting the impact of non-established or newly detected species could help focus biosecurity measures on species with the highest potential to cause widespread damage. However, predictive models require an understanding of potential drivers of impact and the appropriate level at which these drivers should be evaluated. Here, we used non-native, specialist herbivorous insects of forest ecosystems to test which factors drive impact and if there were differences based on whether they used woody angiosperms or …