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2019

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Articles 121 - 144 of 144

Full-Text Articles in Horticulture

Shifting Avian Spatial Regimes In A Changing Climate, Caleb P. Roberts, Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Dirac Twidwell Jan 2019

Shifting Avian Spatial Regimes In A Changing Climate, Caleb P. Roberts, Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Dirac Twidwell

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In the present era of rapid global change, development of early warnings of ecological regime shifts is a major focus in ecology. Identifying and tracking shifts in spatial regimes is a new approach with potential to enhance understanding of ecological responses to global change. Here, we show strong directional non-stationarity of spatial regimes identified by avian community body mass data. We do this by tracking 46 years of avian spatial regime movement in the North American Great Plains. The northernmost spatial regime boundary moved >590 km northward, and the southernmost boundary moved >260 km northward. Tracking spatial regimes affords decadal …


Rapid Metabolism Increases The Level Of 2,4-D Resistance At High Temperature In Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus), Chandrima Shyam, Amit J. Jhala, Greg Kruger, Mithila Jugulam Jan 2019

Rapid Metabolism Increases The Level Of 2,4-D Resistance At High Temperature In Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus Tuberculatus), Chandrima Shyam, Amit J. Jhala, Greg Kruger, Mithila Jugulam

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Common waterhemp emerges throughout the crop growing season in the Midwestern United States, and as a result, the seedlings are exposed to a wide range of temperature regimes. Typically, 2,4-D is used in the Midwest to control winter annual broad-leaf weeds before planting soybean and in an early post-emergence application in corn and sorghum; however, the evolution of 2,4-D-resistant common waterhemp in several Midwestern states may limit the use of 2.4-D for controlling this problem weed. Moreover, temperature is one of the crucial factors affecting weed control efficacy of 2,4-D. This research investigated the effect of temperature on efficacy of …


Adaptation Of Photosynthesis To Water Deficit In The Reproductive Phase Of A Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Line, H.F. Zheng, L.F. Xin, J.M. Guo, J. Mao, X.P. Han, L. Jia, B.Y. Zheng, C.G. Du, Roger W. Elmore, Q.H. Yang, R.X. Shao Jan 2019

Adaptation Of Photosynthesis To Water Deficit In The Reproductive Phase Of A Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Line, H.F. Zheng, L.F. Xin, J.M. Guo, J. Mao, X.P. Han, L. Jia, B.Y. Zheng, C.G. Du, Roger W. Elmore, Q.H. Yang, R.X. Shao

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Photosynthesis is sensitive to water deficit (WD) stress. Maize (Zea mays L.) yield is vulnerable to water stress, especially if it occurs during the reproductive stage. In this study, the expression patterns of photosynthesis-related genes, together with photosynthetic gas-exchange and fluorescence parameters were investigated in a maize inbred line exposed to 50% of field water capacity (moderate WD) for 15 d after tassel emergence. The results demonstrated that WD down-regulated expression of psbA, psbB, psbC, psbP, psaA, psaB, and cab, especially at later periods of WD stress. Besides, with the increased WD stress, the steady decline in the value of …


United States Midwest Soil And Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen, Jason D. Clark, Kristen S. Veum, Fabian G. Fernandez, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, David W. Franzen, Daniel E. Kaiser, Newell R. Kitchen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, Emerson D. Nafziger, Carl J. Rosen, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan Jan 2019

United States Midwest Soil And Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen, Jason D. Clark, Kristen S. Veum, Fabian G. Fernandez, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, David W. Franzen, Daniel E. Kaiser, Newell R. Kitchen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, Emerson D. Nafziger, Carl J. Rosen, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrogen provided to crops through mineralization is an important factor in N management guidelines. Understanding of the interactive effects of soil and weather conditions on N mineralization needs to be improved. Relationships between anaerobic potentially mineralizable N (PMNan) and soil and weather conditions were evaluated under the contrasting climates of eight US Midwestern states. Soil was sampled (0–30 cm) for PMNan analysis before pre-plant N application (PP0N) and at the V5 development stage from the pre-plant 0 (V50N) and 180 kg N ha−1 (V5180N) rates and incubated for 7, 14, and …


The Mitochondrial Genome Of Eleusine Indica And Characterization Of Gene Content Within Poaceae, Nathan D. Hall, Hui Zhang, Jeffrey P. Mower, Joseph Scott Mcelroy, Leslie R. Goertzen Jan 2019

The Mitochondrial Genome Of Eleusine Indica And Characterization Of Gene Content Within Poaceae, Nathan D. Hall, Hui Zhang, Jeffrey P. Mower, Joseph Scott Mcelroy, Leslie R. Goertzen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Plant mitochondrial (mt) genome assembly provides baseline data on size, structure, and gene content, but resolving the sequence of these large and complex organelle genomes remains challenging due to fragmentation, frequent recombination, and transfers of DNA from neighboring plastids. Themt genome for Eleusine indica (Poaceae: goosegrass) is comprehensibly analyzed here, providing key reference data for an economically significant invasive species that is also the maternal parent of the allotetraploid crop Finger millet (Eleusine coracana). The assembled E. indica genome contains 33 protein coding genes, 6 rRNA subunits, 24 tRNA, 8 large repetitive regions 15 kb of transposable elements across a …


A Spatial Framework For Ex-Ante Impact Assessment Of Agricultural Technologies, José F. Andrade, Juan I. Rattalino Edreira, Andrew Farrow, Marloes P. Van Loon, Peter Q. Craufurd, Jairos Rurinda, Shamie Zingore, Jordan Chamberlin, Lieven Claessens, Julius Adewopo, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Kenneth G. Cassman, Patricio Grassini Jan 2019

A Spatial Framework For Ex-Ante Impact Assessment Of Agricultural Technologies, José F. Andrade, Juan I. Rattalino Edreira, Andrew Farrow, Marloes P. Van Loon, Peter Q. Craufurd, Jairos Rurinda, Shamie Zingore, Jordan Chamberlin, Lieven Claessens, Julius Adewopo, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Kenneth G. Cassman, Patricio Grassini

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Traditional agricultural research and extension relies on replicated field experiments, on-farm trials, and demonstration plots to evaluate and adapt agronomic technologies that aim to increase productivity, reduce risk, and protect the environment for a given biophysical and socio-economic context. To date, these efforts lack a generic and robust spatial framework for ex-ante assessment that: (i) provides strategic insight to guide decisions about the number and location of testing sites, (ii) define the target domain for scaling-out a given technology or technology package, and (iii) estimate potential impact from widespread adoption of the technology(ies) being evaluated. In this study, we developed …


Response Surface Analysis Of Genomic Prediction Accuracy Values Using Quality Control Covariates In Soybean, Diego Jarquin, Reka Howard, George L. Graef, Aaron Lorenz Jan 2019

Response Surface Analysis Of Genomic Prediction Accuracy Values Using Quality Control Covariates In Soybean, Diego Jarquin, Reka Howard, George L. Graef, Aaron Lorenz

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

An important and broadly used tool for selection purposes and to increase yield and genetic gain in plant breeding programs is genomic prediction (GP). Genomic prediction is a technique where molecular marker information and phenotypic data are used to predict the phenotype (eg, yield) of individuals for which only marker data are available. Higher prediction accuracy can be achieved not only by using efficient models but also by using quality molecular marker and phenotypic data. The steps of a typical quality control (QC) of marker data include the elimination of markers with certain level of minor allele frequency (MAF) and …


Drought Stress Tolerance In Wheat And Barley: Advances In Physiology, Breeding And Genetics Research, Ahmed Sallam, Ahmad M. Alqudah, Mona F. A. Dawood, P. Stephen Baenziger, Andreas Borner Jan 2019

Drought Stress Tolerance In Wheat And Barley: Advances In Physiology, Breeding And Genetics Research, Ahmed Sallam, Ahmad M. Alqudah, Mona F. A. Dawood, P. Stephen Baenziger, Andreas Borner

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Climate change is a major threat to most of the agricultural crops grown in tropical and sub-tropical areas globally. Drought stress is one of the consequences of climate change that has a negative impact on crop growth and yield. In the past, many simulation models were proposed to predict climate change and drought occurrences, and it is extremely important to improve essential crops to meet the challenges of drought stress which limits crop productivity and production. Wheat and barley are among the most common and widely used crops due to their economic and social values. Many parts of the world …


Statistical And Machine Learning Methods Evaluated For Incorporating Soil And Weather Into Corn Nitrogen Recommendations, Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabian G. Fernandez, David W. Franzen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, D. Brenton Myers, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan Jan 2019

Statistical And Machine Learning Methods Evaluated For Incorporating Soil And Weather Into Corn Nitrogen Recommendations, Curtis J. Ransom, Newell R. Kitchen, James J. Camberato, Paul R. Carter, Richard B. Ferguson, Fabian G. Fernandez, David W. Franzen, Carrie A. M. Laboski, D. Brenton Myers, Emerson D. Nafziger, John E. Sawyer, John F. Shanahan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer recommendation tools could be improved for estimating corn (Zea mays L.) N needs by incorporating site-specific soil and weather information. However, an evaluation of analytical methods is needed to determine the success of incorporating this information. The objectives of this research were to evaluate statistical and machine learning (ML) algorithms for utilizing soil and weather information for improving corn N recommendation tools. Eight algorithms [stepwise, ridge regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso), elastic net regression, principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), decision tree, and random forest] were evaluated using a dataset …


Optimum Droplet Size Using A Pulse-Width Modulation Sprayer For Applications Of 2,4-D Choline Plus Glyphosate, Thomas R. Butts, Chase A. Samples, Lucas X. Franca, Darrin M. Dodds, Daniel B. Reynolds, Jason W. Adams, Richard K. Zollinger, Kirk A. Howatt, Bradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Joe D. Luck, Greg Kruger Jan 2019

Optimum Droplet Size Using A Pulse-Width Modulation Sprayer For Applications Of 2,4-D Choline Plus Glyphosate, Thomas R. Butts, Chase A. Samples, Lucas X. Franca, Darrin M. Dodds, Daniel B. Reynolds, Jason W. Adams, Richard K. Zollinger, Kirk A. Howatt, Bradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Joe D. Luck, Greg Kruger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The delivery of an optimum herbicide droplet size using pulse-width modulation (PWM) sprayers can reduce potential environmental contamination, maintain efficacy, and provide more flexible options for pesticide applicators. Field research was conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2018 across three locations (Mississippi, Nebraska, and North Dakota) for a total of 6 site-years. The objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of a range of droplet sizes (150 μm [Fine] to 900 μm [Ultra Coarse]) using a 2,4-D choline plus glyphosate pre-mixture and to create novel weed management recommendations using PWM sprayer technology. A pooled site-year generalized additive model explained less than 5% …


Comparing Infiltration Rates In Soils Managed With Conventional And Alternative Farming Methods: A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, Marcia S. Delonge Jan 2019

Comparing Infiltration Rates In Soils Managed With Conventional And Alternative Farming Methods: A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, Marcia S. Delonge

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Identifying agricultural practices that enhance water cycling is critical, particularly with increased rainfall variability and greater risks of droughts and floods. Soil infiltration rates offer useful insights to water cycling in farming systems because they affect both yields (through soil water availability) and other ecosystem outcomes (such as pollution and flooding from runoff). For example, conventional agricultural practices that leave soils bare and vulnerable to degradation are believed to limit the capacity of soils to quickly absorb and retain water needed for crop growth. Further, it is widely assumed that farming methods such as no-till and cover crops can improve …


Predicting Longitudinal Traits Derived From High-Throughput Phenomics In Contrasting Environments Using Genomic Legendre Polynomials And B-Splines, Mehdi Momen, Malachy T. Campbell, Harkamal Walia, Gota Morota Jan 2019

Predicting Longitudinal Traits Derived From High-Throughput Phenomics In Contrasting Environments Using Genomic Legendre Polynomials And B-Splines, Mehdi Momen, Malachy T. Campbell, Harkamal Walia, Gota Morota

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Recent advancements in phenomics coupled with increased output from sequencing technologies can create the platform needed to rapidly increase abiotic stress tolerance of crops, which increasingly face productivity challenges due to climate change. In particular, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) enables researchers to generate large-scale data with temporal resolution. Recently, a random regression model (RRM) was used to model a longitudinal rice projected shoot area (PSA) dataset in an optimal growth environment. However, the utility of RRM is still unknown for phenotypic trajectories obtained from stress environments. Here, we sought to apply RRM to forecast the rice PSA in control and water-limited …


Can Ratoon Cropping Improve Resource Use Efficiencies And Profitability Of Rice In Central China?, Shen Yuan, Kenneth G. Cassman, Jianliang Huang, Shaobing Peng, Patricio Grassini Jan 2019

Can Ratoon Cropping Improve Resource Use Efficiencies And Profitability Of Rice In Central China?, Shen Yuan, Kenneth G. Cassman, Jianliang Huang, Shaobing Peng, Patricio Grassini

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Identifying cropping systems with small global warming potential (GWP) per unit of productivity is important to ensure food security while minimizing environmental footprint. During recent decades, double-season rice (DR) systems in central China have progressively shifted into single-crop, middle-season rice (MR) due to high costs and labor requirements of double-season rice. Ratoon rice (RR) has been proposed as an alternative system that reconciliates both high annual productivity and relatively low costs and labor requirements. Here we used onfarm data collected from 240 farmer fields planted with rice in 2016 to evaluate annual energy balance, environmental impact, and net profit of …


Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2019

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2019

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 20 2019, Several Authors Jan 2019

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 20 2019, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


A Message From The Associate Dean Of The Honors College And Co-Chair Of The Service Learning Initiative, Jennie Popp Jan 2019

A Message From The Associate Dean Of The Honors College And Co-Chair Of The Service Learning Initiative, Jennie Popp

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.


2018 Seedless Pickling Cucumber Variety Trial, Ben Phillips Jan 2019

2018 Seedless Pickling Cucumber Variety Trial, Ben Phillips

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2018 Melon Variety Trial In Southwestern Indiana, Wenjing Guan, Dan Egel, Dennis Nowaskie, Curtis Marchino, Bhimu Patil, Kevin Crosby Jan 2019

2018 Melon Variety Trial In Southwestern Indiana, Wenjing Guan, Dan Egel, Dennis Nowaskie, Curtis Marchino, Bhimu Patil, Kevin Crosby

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


High Tunnel Summer Squash And Zucchini Cultivar Trial, 2018, Rachel Rudolph, John Walsh Jan 2019

High Tunnel Summer Squash And Zucchini Cultivar Trial, 2018, Rachel Rudolph, John Walsh

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Yield Of Nine Summer Squash Varieties In Southwest Michigan, Ron G. Goldy, Kyle Ferrantella Jan 2019

Yield Of Nine Summer Squash Varieties In Southwest Michigan, Ron G. Goldy, Kyle Ferrantella

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluation Of Heritage Beans In West Virginia, Lewis Jett, Silas Childs Jan 2019

Evaluation Of Heritage Beans In West Virginia, Lewis Jett, Silas Childs

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


Evaluating No-Till Tomatoes Within A High Tunnel In West Virginia, Lewis Jett, Brian Sparks Jan 2019

Evaluating No-Till Tomatoes Within A High Tunnel In West Virginia, Lewis Jett, Brian Sparks

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.


2018 Pumpkin Variety Trial, Nathan R. Johanning Jan 2019

2018 Pumpkin Variety Trial, Nathan R. Johanning

Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports

No abstract provided.