Fruit Science Commons^™

Investigating Dicamba Tolerance In Grapevine Cultivars Through Drift Simulation Assays, Bryce David Bentley

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Dicamba is a synthetic auxin herbicide which acts systematically and selectively controls broadleaf plants and has become increasingly popular in the past several years for weed control in commercial agriculture following widespread adoption of dicamba-resistant, transgenic soybean and cotton. Dicamba may be better acknowledged by growers of specialty crops, like grapes, for its capacity to drift miles away from the site of application and deposit on fields, remaining potent enough to cause crop damage and yield loss to vulnerable plants. Grapes are among the most susceptible agronomic crops to dicamba drift, showing visible injury at rates less than 1% of …

Pemanfaatan Fenomena Pembentukan Buah Partenokarpi Dalam Perspektif Pertanian Di Indonesia, Firman Rezaldi, Muhammad Abdilah Hasan Qonit, Anne Nuraini, Kusumiyati, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Buah merupakan organ reproduktif yang memainkan peranan penting pada tanaman dalam proses perbanyakan tanaman dan penyebaran biji. Biji akan terbentuk akibat adanya proses polinasi dan fertilisasi. Pada beberapa jenis buah keberadaan biji tidak diinginkan, sehingga sekarang sudah banyak dikembangkan buah tanpa biji atau buah partenokarpi. Secara garis besar partenokarpi terdiri dari dua kelompok utama, yaitu partenokarpi alami dan partenokarpi buatan. Pisang, tomat, dan manggis merupakan contoh tanaman yang bersifat partenokarpi alami. Pembetukan buah partenokarpi dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara diantaranya adalah penggunaan hormone auksin/giberelin, iridiasi polen, perubahan jumlah kromosom, gene silencing, modifikasi gen, dan genome editing tools. Review ini menjelaskan …

Perbaikan Keragaan Bibit Jeruk Pamelo Tanpa Biji Dengan Strangulasi Dan Aplikasi Beberapa Dosis Dari Dua Zpt Bap Dan 2,4-D, Wahyu Fikrinda, I Made Indra Agastya

Jurnal Kultivasi

Pamelo memiliki prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan karena buahnya berukuran besar dan memiliki rasa yang segar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari aplikasi strangulasi dan ZPT terbaik dalam merangsang pertumbuhan vegetatif untuk perbaikan keragaan bibit pamelo tanpa biji. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juli 2018 di rumah plastik, Laboratorium Agroteknologi, dan Laboratorium Biologi UNITRI, Malang. Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor digunakan pada penelitian ini. Faktor pertama adalah strangulasi ganda dengan jarak antar kawat yang berbeda yaitu 10 cm, dan 15 cm, sedangkan faktor kedua adalah dosis dan jenis zat pengatur tumbuh yang berbeda yaitu tanpa ZPT, BAP …

Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Aluminium (Al), Dan Timbal (Pb) Pada Buah Jambu Biji Varietas Kristal (Psidium Guajava L.) Dan Tanah Di Desa Bumiaji, Kota Batu, Hidayati Karamina, Ariani Trisna Murti, Tri Mudjoko

Jurnal Kultivasi

Bumiaji merupakan kawasan wisata yang terletak di Kota Batu. Dengan suhu mencapai 20oC menyebabkan Bumiaji menjadi tempat pengembangan kawasan yang cocok untuk penanaman tanaman hortikultura contohnya jambu biji varietas kristal. Budidaya jambu biji varietas kristal tidak lepas dengan pemeliharaan tanaman dengan cara pengaplikasian pupuk organik maupun anorganik dan pestisida dalam jumlah banyak dan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Usaha-usaha peningkatan hasil produksi di atas ternyata dapat memberikan dampak kurang baik bagi lingkungan sekitar khususnya tanah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar jumlah logam berat yang berada pada tanah dan buah jambu biji varietas kristal. Penelitian ini menggunakan …

Effects Of Fruit Position In Standard Place Pack Cartons And Gamma 1 Irradiation On The Postharvest Quality Of ‘Barnfield’ Navel Oranges, Karina Cruz Rodriguez (Friscia), José De Jesús Ornelas-Paz, Vrani Ibarra-Junquera, Maria Criselda Toto, Akanksha Jain, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

The objective of this study was to determine if oranges in the top and bottom layers within a Standard Place Pack were impacted differently by irradiation after long-term storage. ‘Barnfield’ Navel oranges were packed in Standard Place Pack cartons and treated with 0, 0.15, or 1 kGy of gamma irradiation. The fruit were stored for 3 weeks at 5 °C and then for 1 week at 20 °C. After storage, the fruit from the top and bottom layers were separately evaluated for quality. The development of stem-end rind breakdown (SERB) was the main cause of quality loss and was greater …

Breeding For Resistance In California Strawberry To Verticillium Dahliae, Zachary Christman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This article focuses on breeding resistant strawberries to the fungus Verticillium dahliae, common name Verticillium wilt. This is a serious fungal disease that can result in a loss of 50% or more of a strawberry harvest when grown in infested soil. The main goal is to provide an example of how a cultivar can be made more resistant to a plant pathogen with the use of plant breeding methods.

Since 1930 the University of California, Davis, has been developing strawberry cultivars that are adapted to the agricultural industry and regional farms. Developing cultivars that require fewer inputs are of …

Arthropod Fauna Associated With Wild And Cultivated Cranberries In Wisconsin, Shawn A. Steffan, Merritt E. Singleton, Michael L. Draney, Elissa M. Chasen, Kyle E. Johnson, Juan E. Zalapa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) is an evergreen, trailing shrub native to North American peatlands. It is cultivated commercially in the US and Canada, with major production centers in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Washington, Québec, and British Columbia. Despite the agricultural importance of cranberry in Wisconsin, relatively little is known of its arthropod associates, particularly the arachnid fauna. Here we report preliminary data on the insect and spider communities associated with wild and cultivated cranberries in Wisconsin. We then compare the insect and spider communities of wild cranberry systems to those of cultivated cranberries, indexed by region. Approximately 7,400 …

Multiplikasi Tunas Mikro Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca L.) ‘Raja Bulu’ Secara In Vitro Pada Berbagai Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Sitokinin, Tiara Elma, Erni Suminar, Syariful Mubarok, Anne Nuraini

Jurnal Kultivasi

Terbatasnya ketersediaan bibit pisang bermutu di Indonesia disebabkan oleh masih rendahnya jumlah dan kualitas bibit pisang yang dihasilkan melalui metode konvensional. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan bibit cukup lama, oleh karena itu digunakan suatu metode perbanyakan untuk menghasilkan bibit dalam waktu yang relatif singkat melalui metode kultur jaringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan salah satu jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin terbaik dalam meningkatkan laju multiplikasi tunas pisang raja bulu secara in vitro. Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan November 2016 sampai bulan Maret 2017 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan dan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran di Jatinangor, Sumedang. Rancangan Acak Lengkap …

Economies Of Scale In Integrated Pest Management In Vegetable And Fruit Production, Franklin Quarcoo, Conrad Bonsi, David Nii O. Tackie, Walter A. Hill, Gertrude Wall, George Hunter

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Abstract

Pest management is achieved directly using a variety of tools, including pesticides, and indirectly through a number of agronomic/cultural practices such as irrigation and fertilizer application; collectively these practices function to positively effect general plant health. Healthier plants are more resistant to or tolerant of pests. This study explores the scale differences that impact the pest management significance and suitability of certain agronomic practices. Scale differences were discussed using literature-based information, direct field observations, and anecdotal information on the relative advantages of drip and sprinkler irrigation systems; organic and conventional cultivation of crops; crop rotation versus mono-cropping systems; precision …

Phenotypic Variation And Genetic Purity Of The Original 'Prime-Jim®' X 'Arapaho' Population, Loren M. Luther

Horticulture Undergraduate Honors Theses

In 2013, Castro et al., produced the first linkage map for primocane-fruiting blackberries using the cross ‘Prime-Jim®’ x ‘Arapaho.’ This mapping population has been maintained since the original experiment with the hopes of conducting future studies. Further research was determined to be needed on the population to better characterize additional phenotypic traits, and since nine years had passed since the seedlings were established, there was a need to assess the continued genetic purity of the population using molecular methods. Phenotypic data was collected to analyze the variation of the population including soluble solids content, titratable acidity, average weight, shape, and …

Precision Drought Stress In Orchards: Rootstock Evaluation, Trunk Hydration And Canopy Temperature, Lance V. Stott

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Tree fruit crops are of high value, but use a lot of water. Precision irrigation has the potential to save water while simultaneously improving crop quality. The timing and method of precision water stress in various tree fruit crops has been widely studied. However, in order to successfully employ precision irrigation methods in orchards, an accurate measurement of tree water status is required. Currently, stem water potential is the preferred indicator. However, this measurement is tedious and cannot be automated. Because measurements must be taken near solar noon (approximately 1:30 PM MDT in the summer in northern Utah), the number …

Effect Of Phytosanitary Irradiation On The Quality Of Two Varieties Of Pummelos (Citrus Maxima (Burm.) Merr.), A. Jain, J. Ornelas-Paz, D. Obenland, K. Rodriguez (Friscia), Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Phytosanitary treatments prevent the introduction of pests such as fruit flies into pest free zones, and are often required for international trade. Irradiation is increasingly being considered as an alternative to cold and chemical phytosanitary treatments, such as methyl bromide. In this study, the effect of low dose gamma irradiation on the post-harvest quality of two varieties of pummelos (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.), an emerging crop of interest in the US was evaluated. Two varieties of pummelos grown in California were irradiated at the phytosanitary target dose of 150 Gy and a higher dose of 1000 Gy to exaggerate …

Pengujian Efektivitas Berbagai Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Sitokinin Terhadap Multiplikasi Tunas Mikro Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Secara In Vitro, Bella Dian Ratnasari., Erni Suminar, Anne Nuraini, Ade Ismail

Jurnal Kultivasi

Perbanyakan tanaman pisang secara konvensional dengan menggunakan bonggol atau anakan (sucker) secara terus menerus dapat menurunkan kualitas dan memerlukan waktu lama serta meningkatkan terjadinya serangan penyakit. Oleh karena itu, suatu upaya untuk menghasilkan bibit yang memiliki kualitas baik dalam waktu yang cepat dapat menggunakan kultur in vitro. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh laju multiplikasi yang tinggi dengan penggunaan salah satu jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin pada kultur in vitro tanaman pisang kepok kuning. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2015 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari …

Particular Applications Of Food Irradiation Fresh Produce, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

On fresh fruits and vegetables, irradiation at low and medium dose levels can effectively reduce microbial counts which can enhance safety, inhibit sprouting to extend shelf-life, and eliminate or sterilize insect pests which can serve to facilitate trade between countries. At the dose levels used for these purposes, the impact on quality is negligible. Despite the fact that regulations in many countries allow the use of irradiation for fresh produce, the technology remains under-utilized, even in the light of an increase in produce related disease outbreaks and the economic benefits of extended shelflife and reduced food waste. Putative concerns about …

Exploration Of Chemical And Biological Management Strategies For Diaphorina Citri The Primary Vector Of Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus, Gretta Marie Sharp

Biology Theses

Diaphorina citri (Hemipteran: Psyllidae), the Asian citrus psyllid, is a phloem-feeding, invasive species endemic to southern Asia that was first identified in the United States in Florida in 1998. Since introduction, D. citri has spread across the major citrus growing regions of the United States. This is of great concern to the citrus industry because D. citri is the primary vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus the causal agent of Haunglongbing (HLB). Haunglongbing is the most economically devastating disease of citrus causing an estimated 8.92 billion dollars lost in revenue and 4.62 billion dollars lost in gross domestic product between 2006-2007 …

Comparative Evaluation Of The Effect Of Methyl Bromide Fumigation And Phytosanitary Irradiation On The Quality Of Fresh Strawberries, Tamar Serapian, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Fresh strawberries are highly perishable and have a short shelf-life especially when the cold chain is not maintained. Strawberries exported to Asia are currently fumigated with methyl bromide for phytosanitary purposes, which exposes strawberries to warm temperatures for several hours and air freight without temperature control, resulting in a shelf life of just a few days in the destination country. Irradiation offers an efficacious alternative to fumigation and can be performed on cold fruit. This study was conducted to compare the quality of strawberries subject to methyl bromide fumigation or irradiation followed by simulated commercial air freight shipment of strawberries …

The Effects Of Foliar Nutrient Applications On Split, Yield, And Internal Fruit Quality Of 'Wonderful' Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.), John Matthew Chater

Master's Theses

Fruit split is the most important physiological disorder in pomegranate production, causing devastating crop losses worldwide. Foliar nutrient applications have been used experimentally to mitigate pomegranate fruit split but none have been conducted using the industry standard cultivar, Wonderful, and little is known about the effects of foliar nutrient applications on pomegranate. Additionally, investigations into putative health benefits of pomegranate fruit have increased interest in its production but limited evidence exists regarding effects of agricultural practices such as foliar fertilizer applications on internal fruit quality. ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate trees at 2 commercial orchards were treated with foliar applications of ZnSO_{4 …}

Dampak Perubahan Iklim Pada Produksi Apel Di Batu Malang Impacts Of Climate Change On Production Of Apple In Batu Malang, Ruminta

Jurnal Kultivasi

Perubahan iklim telah menjadi isu penting yang mengakibatkan kenaikan suhu global, perubahan pola curah hujan, kenaikan muka air laut, dan peningkatan frekwensi dan intensitas cuaca ekstrim. Perubahan iklim mempunyai pengaruh signifikan pada bidang pertanian, karena pertanian mempunyai ketergantungan yang kuat terhadap unsur iklim. Terkait dengan hal itu telah dilakukan penelitian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap produksi tanaman apel di wilayah Batu Malang Jawa Timur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak perubahan unsur iklim yaitu temperatur dan curah hujan terhadap produksi apel dan mengidentifikasi usaha adaptasi yang harus dilakukan oleh para petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Batu Malang telah mengalami perubahan iklim. …

Local Food And Agriculture Awareness: The Literacy Of Local Produce And Agriculture In Northwest Arkansas, Kyle Colton Flynn

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that adolescents and children, both male and female, are failing to meet the daily fruit and vegetable consumption requirements (Kim et al., 2011; Upton et al., 2012; Harris et al., 2012). Other studies have shown that with increased exposure and availability of produce, students (K-5) tend to consume more fruits and vegetables (Cullen et al., 2009; Evans et al., 2012). The purpose of this study is to identify whether Northwest Arkansas eleventh grade high school students possess experience and knowledge of local produce and agriculture. Out of 1054 students enrolled at …

Strawberry Growth, Yield, Fruit Nutrition, And Control Of Verticillium Wilt With Pre-Plant Soil Fumigants, Ozone, And Biological Control, Justin J. Scurich

Master's Theses

Verticillium wilt is a widespread soilborne disease of strawberry historically controlled by soil fumigation with methyl bromide (MB). MB was banned by the United Nations in 1995 and will be completely phased out by 2015. Research has concentrated on alternative methods of disease control without finding a single alternative able to replace MB in widespread disease control and yield increase. For the current study, strawberries were greenhouse grown in container pots filled with soil from both infested and non-infested areas of a commercial strawberry field in Watsonville, CA. Treatments included pre-plant soil fumigation with commercially available formulations of methyl bromide, …

Food, Fibre And Flowers, Fuelling The Economy With Innovation And Science, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The Department of Agriculture and Food is a world leader in the rapidly growing field of agri-food and fibre research and development, providing significant benefits for Westen Australian producers, the food industry sector and consumers.

The development of value-added products through innovation and science, which deliver real opportunities for the State's agri-food export capacity, is also important.

Seven examples of the Department's science and innovation.

Plan To Support Horticulture Industry Development 2009-2012, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The Plan to Support Horticulture Industry Development ('the Plan') recognises that healthy and profitable Western Australian agricultural industries are integral to the economic wellbeing of regional and rural communities. The Plan promotes a progressive and productive horticultural industry through efficient use of natural resources, high standards of biosecurity, modern marketing, value-adding and research to enhance continuous improvement throughout the supply chain from producer to consumer.

Plan To Support Horticulture Industry Development 2009 - 2012 - For Discussion, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The State Government's increased investment in agriculture and food recognises the integral contribution this sector makes to the economy of Western Australia.

It is a key industry which will support Western Australia's growth beyond periods of boom and through the economic rebuilding phase ahead. Ensuring the State remains highly competitive in both domestic and international markets is vital to the future of our economy

Public funds must be 'money well spent'. This means ensuring the right direction, efficiency and effectiveness of the Department of Agriculture and Food's programs. The department must focus its efforts on economic development - this is …

Letter From The Dean, Lalit Verma

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Pomegranates - New Woolbelt Opportunities, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The capture of fresh surface water has the potential to open up areas of the 'woolbelt' of Western Australia to intensive agricultural industries.

In 2005-06 the Department of Agriculture and Food (DAFWA) investigated surface run-off in the medium rainfall zone (500-825 mm) of south-western Australia. It aimed to identify areas with sufficient freshwater resources and suitable land for intensive production.

The scoping study, based on broad scale modelling and land-soil capability assessment, found that there was some potential to develop large reliable water supplies to support perennial horticulture.

In Vitro And In Vivo Techniques For Screening New Natural Product-Based Fungicides For Control Of Strawberry Anthracnose, Maritza Abril

Dissertations

Seven plant pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, C. gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis obscurans, and P. viticola) valuable in screening fungicide efficacy were tested. Optimal and reproducible conditions for germination of these selected fungi were established by incorporating Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI) as a medium of known composition and washing conidia to remove innate germination inhibitors. This step reduced average fungal germination times between 3.5 h and 21.2 h. The natural product-based fungicide, sampangine, seven sampangine analogs (4-bromo-sampangine, 4-methoxysampangine, benzo[4,5]sampangine, liriodenine Mel AMC-XIII-103, onychine, cryptolepine, and liriodenine CDH-II-37), plus seven conventional fungicides (benomyl, captan, cyprodinil, fenbuconazole, …

Ethylene Production As An Indicator Of Stress Conditions In Hydroponically-Grown Strawberries, Justin Donald Hogan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With the worldwide phaseout of methyl bromide, the use of hydroponic systems has increased as an economic alternative for the growth of many horticulturally-important crops, including strawberries. In this study, the effect of hydroponics on strawberry plant physiology was examined by first measuring ethylene levels, a plant hormone known to increase due to stressful conditions, and plant growth and yield. Using a gas chromatograph, ethylene was measured from plants which showed that light and temperature have minimal effects, but placement of plants could have an effect on plant growth and yield. Next, the mechanism of ethylene production was examined by …

Australian Temperate Strawberry Breeding Program (Albany Western Australia) Screening Of Advance And New Selections For Albany Western Australia - 2006/2007, Shane Trainer, Dennis Phillips, Hal

Horticulture research reports

Fourteen intermediate day neutral selections from the Australian temperate breeding program were compared in a June trial planting on a commercial property in the Albany region. Intermediate selections were derived from crosses made between 1999 and 2002. Three advanced 'short day' selections were compared for yield, both as trial plots (10 plants) and as large plot demonstrations of up to 500 plants. Accompanying these selections, six named day neutral, three short day and four Queensland cultivars of different runner origins were compared. Camarosa, Selva and Diamante were included as commercial controls.

Day neutral selections 02-083-24 and 02-83-311 were potentially superior …

Australian Temperate Strawberry Breeding Program (Western Australia) Selection Of New And Advanced Short Day Breeding Lines And Cultivars In Western Australia - 2006/2007, Aileen Reid, Dennis Phillips, Hal

Horticulture research reports

Thirty-two ‘Stage 4’ numbered selections (2004 crosses) from the Australian Temperate Strawberry Breeding Program were evaluated in unreplicated plots on a commercial property in Wanneroo for their potential under WA conditions. Seven of these have been selected as worthy of further testing. The priority selection among these was 04- 021-263, and the other six included 04-021-467, 04-037-102, 04-021-241, 04-021-172, 04-021-475 and 04-029-211.

In addition, 21 advanced numbered selections (Stages 5, 6 and 7) were also evaluated on the same grower’s property. Three of those were substantially larger plots and a later planting date. Of the first group of 18 selections, …

Australian Temperate Strawberry Breeding Program (Western Australia) Selection Of New And Advanced Short Day Breeding Lines And Cultivars In Western Australia - 2005/2006, Michaela Antoine, Dennis Phillips

Horticulture research reports

Sixty-eight 'short day' selections from the Australian Temperate breeding program were compared in a trial planting on a commercial property at Wanneroo from a mid May planting. Thirty-three of the selections were derived from crosses made in 2003 (new Stage 4 selections) and twenty-nine were from crosses made between 1998 and 2002 (Intermediate Stages 5 and 6). In addition, three advanced selections were compared in large plots of 1,000-1 ,500 plants together with three commercial control cultivars, Gaviota, Camino Real and Kiewa. These selections were 'fast tracked' for future commercialisation by being selected for bulking up in September 2004.

Seven …