Agricultural Science Commons^™

B.R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2012, R. J. Norman, K.A. K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Distribution And Control Of Glyphosate-Resistant Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) In Arkansas Soybean, Dennis Brent Johnson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Johnsongrass, once the most persistent and troublesome grass weed of row crops throughout the southern U.S., has previously been confirmed resistant to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides in the Midsouth and has recently evolved resistance to glyphosate in Arkansas. The goal of this research was to establish the geographical distribution of herbicide-resistant johnsongrass in Arkansas and to develop herbicide programs for controlling glyphosate-resistant johnsongrass in Arkansas soybean. Johnsongrass accessions were collected from 14 counties in the Mississippi River Delta region of Arkansas and screened for resistance to four of the most commonly used postemergence herbicides for …

University Awarded $13.7m Competitive Grant To Support Research On Sorghum And Millet And Decrease Hunger In Africa, Greg Tammen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The U.S. Agency for International Development, or USAID, has announced that Kansas State University is the recipient of a $13.7 million grant from the agency to help end poverty and increase food supplies in semiarid Africa. The award was made under Feed the Future, the U.S. government's global hunger and food security initiative.

The five-year grant establishes the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sorghum and Millet at Kansas State University. With it, the university will serve as the nation's leading center for international sorghum and millet research, as well as a key component in Feed the …

Automated Conserved Non-Coding Sequence (Cns) Discovery Reveals Differences In Gene Content And Promoter Evolution Among Grasses, Gina Marie Turco, James C. Schnable, Brent S. Pedersen, Michael Freeling

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Conserved non-coding sequences (CNS) are islands of non-coding sequence that, like protein coding exons, show less divergence in sequence between related species than functionless DNA. Several CNSs have been demonstrated experimentally to function as cis-regulatory regions. However, the specific functions of most CNSs remain unknown. Previous searches for CNS in plants have either anchored on exons and only identified nearby sequences or required years of painstaking manual annotation. Here we present an open source tool that can accurately identify CNSs between any two related species with sequenced genomes, including both those immediately adjacent to exons and distal sequences separated by …

¿Qué Es Agroforestería?

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

¿Qué es agroforestería?

Agroforestación es mezclar intencionalmente árboles y arbustos con cultivos o sistemas de producción animal para obtener beneficios ambientales, económicos y sociales de forma ecológicamente sustentable.

Rate Of Shattercane × Sorghum Hybridization In Situ, Jared J. Schmidt, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Mark L. Bernards, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Cultivated sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor] can interbreed with a feral weedy relative shattercane [S. bicolor nothosubsp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse]. Traits introduced from cultivated sorghum could contribute to the invasiveness of a shattercane population. An experiment was conducted to determine the potential for pollenmediated gene flow from grain sorghum to shattercane. Shattercane with juicy midrib (dd) was planted in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fields during 2 yr in concentric arcs at varying distances from a 0.39 ha sorghum pollen source with dry midrib (DD). The arcs …

Levels And Chemodynamics Of Pesticides In Soil And Sediments At Kilombero Sugarcane Plantations And Environs, Morogoro Region, Tanzania, James T. Zacharia

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

metabolites in soil and sediment samples from Kilombero sugarcane plantations and environs, Morogoro Region, Tanzania. The samples were screened for 56 different pesticide residues and their metabolites using GC-ECD and GC-NPD and the results were confirmed by GC-MS. A total of 31 soil samples and 19 sediment samples were analysed in this study and a total of 16 different pesticides/metabolites were detected in soil samples; and 12 different pesticides/metabolites were detected in sediment samples. o,p’-DDT was shown to have the highest concentration of all the detected pesticides/metabolites in soil samples with a mean concentration of 21.04µg/kg d.w whereas the highest …

Decomposition And Nutrient Release Of Different Cover Crops In Organic Farm Systems, Jianru Shi

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cover crops act as green manure adding organic matter to agricultural-soils. For legume green manures to be an effective nitrogen (N) source for organic farming systems, their N release must be in synchrony with crop N demand. The objectives of this study were 1) determine the decomposition rates of three common cover crops (white clover, (Trifolium repens,L ) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and soybean (Glycine max L) in order to determine when most N was released and its synchrony with subsequent corn crop uptake; 2) we focused on the effect of cover crops on soil …

Pushing The Envelope? Maize Production Intensification And The Role Of Cattle Manure In Recovery Of Degraded Soils In Smallholder Farming Areas Of Zimbabwe, Leonard Rusinamhodzi, Marc Corbeels, Shamie Zingore, Justice Nyamangara, Ken E. Giller

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Soil fertility decline is a major constraint to crop productivity on smallholder farms in Africa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term (up to nine years) impacts of nutrient management strategies and their local feasibility on crop productivity, soil fertility status and rainfall infiltration on two contrasting soil types and different prior management regimes in Murehwa, Zimbabwe. The nutrient management strategies employed in the study were: a control with no fertiliser, amendments of 100kg Nha-1, 100kg N+lime, three rates of manure application (5, 15 and 25tha-1) in combination with 100kg Nha-1, and three rates of P fertiliser …

Eastern Kentucky Farmer's Willingness To Grow Biomass For Emergy Production, Austin P. Jacobs

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Austin P. Jacobs in May of 2013.

Influence Of Transplanter Modification And Previous Crop On The Production Of No-Till Dark Tobacco, William Frazier Penick

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Dark tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) has historically been produced using
conventional tillage practices. Soil is cultivated multiple times throughout a growing season leading to an increased incidence of soil erosion. No-till systems have been growing in popularity with the advent of new technology that has enabled the practice to be performed effectively and efficiently. With the recent expansion of no-till practices throughout the agricultural community, many crops have had success in producing comparable yields while reducing input costs and saving soil resources. For this experiment, a traditional tobacco transplanter was modified for use in a no-till environment. All modifications were …

Final Evaluation Of The North East Agricultural Region (Near) Strategy, Andrew Blake, Don Burnside, Vicki Williams

All other publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Integrated Weed Management: Russian Knapweed Control With Goat Grazing And Aminopyralid, Clarke G. Alder

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Invasion of natural communities by introduced plants is considered one of the biggest threats to biodiversity. Weeds in rangelands cause an estimated loss of $2 billion per year in the United States. These costs include losses in forage quality and yield, grazing interference, animal poisoning, lowering land values, depleting soil water and resources available to native plants, increasing costs of managing livestock, and impacts on wildlife habitat and forage. Integrated weed management (IWM) is a way for land managers such as farmers, ranchers, and government agencies to control invasive weeds. IWM uses several different control methods working in conjunction to …

Agricultural Development In The Northern Savannah Of Ghana, Tara N. Wood

Doctor of Plant Health Program: Dissertations and Student Research

Since declaring independence in 1957, the Republic of Ghana has become a stable constitutional democracy. Ghana’s economy has grown substantially over the past decade, yet remains primarily agrarian, accounting for 50% of the total employment and 25% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product. Smallholder rain-fed farming using rudimentary technologies dominates the agricultural sector accounting for 80% of total agricultural production. Approximately 90% of smallholder farms are less than two hectares in size, and produce a diversity of crops. The major crops cultivated in Ghana include numerous cereal, root and tuber, leguminous, fruit, vegetable and industrial crops. Maize is the most …

Genetic Diversity Of Seed Dormancy And Molecular Evolution Of Weedy Red Rice, Te Ming Tseng

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rice is the grain with the third-highest global production. In the US, Arkansas is the largest rice producing state; however, an estimated 62% of the rice fields in the state are infested with red rice, and can cause up to 80% yield reduction in rice. Among its weedy traits, seed dormancy plays an important role in its persistence, and helps red rice escape weed management techniques thereby increasing the red rice soil seedbank. Red rice also has the potential to hybridize among themselves and with cultivated rice, thus resulting in diverse phenotypes and genotypes. In this study we measured variation …

Dark Green Color Index As A Method Of Real-Time In-Season Corn Nitrogen Measurement And Fertilization, Upton Siddons

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Corn (Zea mays L.) requires higher rates of nitrogen fertilizer than any other major U.S. crop partly because N fertilizers are subject to loss through various mechanisms. Because of this, corn may suffer from inadequate nitrogen fertilization or producers may over-apply nitrogen to compensate for early-season nitrogen losses. A timely, accurate, and precise method for measuring in-season corn N status is needed to allow producers to keep nitrogen use efficiency high within a growing season.

Using appropriate software, hue, saturation, and brightness values of digital images can be combined in a dark green color index (DGCI) which is closely associated …

Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) In Arkansas: Resistance Mechanisms And Management Strategies, Griff Michael Griffith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Since 2000, there have been thirteen weed species confirmed resistant (R) to glyphosate in the United States, six of those resistant species are present in Arkansas. The goal of this research was to confirm and to determine the level of resistance in two R Palmer amaranth biotypes from Mississippi (MC-R) and Lincoln (LC-R) Counties, Arkansas, and one susceptible (S) biotype from Clarendon County, South Carolina, which had never been exposed to glyphosate. Shikimic acid concentration over time was significantly greater in the S biotype than both the MC-R and LC-R biotypes. The lethal dose required to kill 50% (LD_{50 …}

Local Food And Agriculture Awareness: The Literacy Of Local Produce And Agriculture In Northwest Arkansas, Kyle Colton Flynn

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that adolescents and children, both male and female, are failing to meet the daily fruit and vegetable consumption requirements (Kim et al., 2011; Upton et al., 2012; Harris et al., 2012). Other studies have shown that with increased exposure and availability of produce, students (K-5) tend to consume more fruits and vegetables (Cullen et al., 2009; Evans et al., 2012). The purpose of this study is to identify whether Northwest Arkansas eleventh grade high school students possess experience and knowledge of local produce and agriculture. Out of 1054 students enrolled at …

Squash Variety Trials Summer 2012, Rebecca Brown

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Variety trials of summer squashes and zucchini conducted in Kingston, RI, USA.

Response Of Nebraska Horseweed (Conyza Canadensis) Populations To Dicamba, Roberto Crespo, Mark L. Bernards, Greg Kruger, Donald Lee, Robert Wilson Jr.

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Dicamba-resistant soybeans are being developed to provide an additional herbicide mechanism-of-action for postemergence weed control in soybean. Numerous broadleaf species, including horseweed, have evolved resistance to glyphosate. It is anticipated that dicamba will be used by farmers as a primary tool to manage these weeds. Studying and understanding variability in horseweed response to dicamba will aid in developing appropriate risk management strategies to extend the utility of the dicamba-resistance technology. Horseweed plants from ten Nebraska populations were treated with one of nine doses of dicamba in greenhouse experiments. At 28 days after treatment (DAT) visual injury estimations were made and …

Squash Variety Trials Summer 2012, Rebecca Brown

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Variety trials of summer squashes conducted in Kingston, RI, USA.

Differences In Essential Oil Content Of Berries And Leaves Of Solanum Sarrachoides (Solanaceae) And The Effects On Oviposition Of The Tomato Spider Mite (Tetranychus Evansi), Lucy K. Murungi, Hillary Kirwa, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Essential oils from leaves and berries of Solanum sarrachoides were obtained by hydro-distillation, analyzed by GC-MS and tested for oviposition deterrence against Tetranychus evansi. Plant oils comprised mainly of monoterpenes and fatty acids, but differed in terms of their relative abundance. The leaf oil contained mainly camphor (34.1%), limonene (8%), decanoic acid (9.3%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.3%). The berry oil contained mainly fatty acids (>20%) including hexadecanoic acid (9.8%) and dodecanoic acid (5.9%), hydrocarbons (>10%) and (E)-β-linalool (3.1%). In oviposition deterrence assays, the leaf essential oil and individual major monoterpenes compared favorably with the two positive controls, neem …

Leek Variety Trials, 2012, Rebecca Brown, Noah Leclaire-Conway

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Variety trial of leek varieties conducted at Kingston, RI, in 2012.

Melon Variety Trials, 2012, Rebecca Brown

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Melon variety trial conducted at Kingston, RI, in summer of 2012.

Onion Variety Trials, 2012, Rebecca Brown, Noah Leclaire-Conway

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Cucumber Variety Trials 2012, Rebecca Brown

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Slicing and pickling cucumber variety trials conducted at Kingston, RI, during the summer of 2012.

Brassica Variety Trials 2012, Rebecca Brown

University of Rhode Island Vegetable Production Research Reports

Variety trials of broccoli, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts conducted in Kingston, RI, USA.

Proceedings Of The 40th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 13-14, 2013, Pensacola Beach, Florida), Clayton A. Hollier, Tom Allen, Edward J. Sikora, Myra Purvis, Danise Beadle, Stephen R. Koenning

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2012. Compiled by SR Koenning

Update on Detection and Management of QoI Fungicide Resistant Cercospora sojina, the Causal Agent of Frogeye Leaf Spot in Soybean. C Bradley, G Zhang, V Chapara, R Ming, F Zeng, H Young Kelly, and M Newman

Identification of Soybean Genotypes to Cercopsora sojina by Field Screening and Molecular Markers. A Mengistu and R Mian

Soybean Vein Necrosis Virus. D Hershman

Single Applications of Triazole Fungicides at R1 for Management of Cercospora Leaf Blight and Rust in Soybean. RW Schneider, CL Robertson, BM Ward, and EC …

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2012, Fred M. Bourland, A. B. Beach, D. P. Roberts Jr., C. Kennedy

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant.

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2012, Nathan A. Slaton

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies described within will allow producers to compare their practices with theuniversity's research efforts. Additionally, soil-test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.