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- Grazing (380)
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Articles 4981 - 5010 of 9261
Full-Text Articles in Agricultural Science
Nutritive Value Of Alopecurus Pratensis, Festuca Rubra, Arrhenatherum Elatius And Lolium Perenne Grown In The South Of Belgium, A. Nivyobizi, A. G. Deswysen, D. Dehareng, A. Peeters, Y. Larondelle
Nutritive Value Of Alopecurus Pratensis, Festuca Rubra, Arrhenatherum Elatius And Lolium Perenne Grown In The South Of Belgium, A. Nivyobizi, A. G. Deswysen, D. Dehareng, A. Peeters, Y. Larondelle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Europe, recent strategies have aimed at encouraging farmers to use production techniques more efficient in preserving the environment and maintaining natural areas. Those strategies have encouraged the use of secondary grass species in forage production systems. However, the nutritive value of those grasses is not well known. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the energy and nitrogen values of Alopecurus pratensis (ALPR), Festuca rubra (FERU) and Arrhenatherum elatius (AREL) under moderate rates of nitrogen (N) application (60 kg N/ha per cut) and a hay-cutting regime (2 cuts/year: 25 May and 9 July). Lolium perenne cv. …
The Influence Of Management On Health Status Of Festuca Rubra In Mountain Meadows, B. Voženílková, F. Klimeš, J. Květ, Z. Mašková, B. Čermák, K. Suchý
The Influence Of Management On Health Status Of Festuca Rubra In Mountain Meadows, B. Voženílková, F. Klimeš, J. Květ, Z. Mašková, B. Čermák, K. Suchý
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Snijders & Winkelhorst (1996) investigated swards in West Europe and showed that it was not the snow mould (Microdochium nivale) but other species of the genus Fusarium (F. cerealis (Cooke) Sacc., F. graminearum Schwabe, F. culmorum (Wm. G. Sm.) Sacc. and F. acuminatum Ellis & Everh.) that caused serious damage to grasslands where Lolium perenne L. and Festuca rubra L. were dominant components. In this study the spread and harmfulness of pathogeneous fungi involved in damage to and death of some species (Festuca rubra L., Holcus mollis L.) in grass swards was examined.
Increasing The Productive Potential Of Permanent Grasslands From The Forest Steppe Area Of Romania, V. Vintu, C. Samuil, T. Iacob, St. Postolache
Increasing The Productive Potential Of Permanent Grasslands From The Forest Steppe Area Of Romania, V. Vintu, C. Samuil, T. Iacob, St. Postolache
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Romania permanent grasslands represent 32 % of the total agricultural area, stretching over 4,872 million hectares, out of which 340,000 ha are located in the forest steppe area, on less productive soils, which explains their inadequate botanical composition and low quality and yields (Vintu, 2003). One of the main measures taken to increase the productivity of grasslands is through fertilisation (Birch, 1999). This paper presents the results obtained during 2000-2004 on the effect of organic fertiliser on degraded grasslands made up of Festuca valesiaca L.
Productivity Of Sahiwal And Friesian–Sahiwal Crossbreds In Marginal Grasslands Of Kenya, W. B. Muhuyi, F. B. Lukibisi, S. N. Ole Sinkeet
Productivity Of Sahiwal And Friesian–Sahiwal Crossbreds In Marginal Grasslands Of Kenya, W. B. Muhuyi, F. B. Lukibisi, S. N. Ole Sinkeet
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Dual-purpose cattle can be used to exploit the production potential of semi-arid grasslands of Kenya for milk and meat production. Although the Sahiwal is adapted to these grasslands, its productivity is low. In order to increase milk and meat productivity, the Sahiwal has been crossed with the Friesian to produce Friesian-Sahiwal crossbreds (McDowell et al., 1996) adapted to the tropical environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of Sahiwal and Friesian-Sahiwal crossbreds.
The Influence Of Harvest Period And Fertilisation On The Yield Of Some Mixed Grass And Leguminous Species Under The Forest Steppe Conditions Of North-East Romania, V. Vintu, C. Samuil, T. Iacob, St. Postolache
The Influence Of Harvest Period And Fertilisation On The Yield Of Some Mixed Grass And Leguminous Species Under The Forest Steppe Conditions Of North-East Romania, V. Vintu, C. Samuil, T. Iacob, St. Postolache
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the forest steppe area of North-east Romania, temporary grasslands represent an important source of high quality fodder but they have a short period of exploitation, associated with some changes in the floristic composition (Vintu, 2003). Fertiliser application and harvest period have an important role in maintaining high productivity (Hopkins, 1991). The aim of this paper is to determine the influence of harvest period and fertilization on the yield of some grass and leguminous species in the forest steppe conditions of North-east Romania.
Yield And Mineral Concentration Changes In Maize And Italian Ryegrass Cropping Systems, Sachiko Idota, Yasuyuki Ishii
Yield And Mineral Concentration Changes In Maize And Italian Ryegrass Cropping Systems, Sachiko Idota, Yasuyuki Ishii
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Mineral balance between plants and soil to which fertilizer has been applied is important in sustainable agriculture. Cropping systems are chosen based on considerations of crop yield, soil physical and chemical properties and climatic conditions. Thus, the sustainability of a forage cropping system should only be assessed after continuous cultivation has been practiced for several years. Forage crop production is employed in the rice paddies of Japan during summer. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and mineral concentration of forage crops cultivated in hard-textured soils for 4 years.
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Genetically Modified Herbicide Resistant Creeping Bentgrass, L. S. Watrud, E. H. Lee, A. Fairbrother, C. Burdick, J. R. Reichman, M. Bollman, M. Storm, G. King, P. K. Van De Water
Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow From Genetically Modified Herbicide Resistant Creeping Bentgrass, L. S. Watrud, E. H. Lee, A. Fairbrother, C. Burdick, J. R. Reichman, M. Bollman, M. Storm, G. King, P. K. Van De Water
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Approximately 162 ha of multiple experimental fields of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) genetically modified for resistance to Roundup ®herbicide, were planted in central Oregon in 2002. When the fields flowered for the first time in the summer of 2003, a unique opportunity was presented to evaluate methods to monitor potential pollen-mediated gene flow from the experimental GM crop fields to compatible sentinel and resident plants that were located in surrounding, primarily non-agronomic areas.
Assessing The Risk Posed By Transgenic Virus-Resistant Trifolium Repens To Native Grasslands In Southeast Australia, R. C. Godfree, P. W. G. Chu, A. G. Young
Assessing The Risk Posed By Transgenic Virus-Resistant Trifolium Repens To Native Grasslands In Southeast Australia, R. C. Godfree, P. W. G. Chu, A. G. Young
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In Australia, comprehensive environmental risk assessments must be performed on transgenic plants (GMOs) prior to their commercial release. A key element is the determination of whether the release of a particular GMO poses any weediness threat to the environment or other agricultural systems, which can occur by means of direct invasion or by introgression of transgenes into wild populations of the same or closely related species. For transgenic pasture plants this question could be of added importance because many of these species have been selected for traits encouraging long-term persistence and competitiveness in complex plant communities (Godfree et al., …
Belowground Meristem Populations As Regulators Of Grassland Dynamics, Harmony J. Dalgleish, D. C. Hartnett
Belowground Meristem Populations As Regulators Of Grassland Dynamics, Harmony J. Dalgleish, D. C. Hartnett
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Studies of plant populations are critical for linking organism to ecosystem-level phenomena and for understanding mechanisms driving responses to global change. In perennial grasslands, the below-ground population of meristems (the bud bank) plays a fundamental role in local plant population recruitment, persistence and dynamics. We explore two aspects of the bud bank in North American grasslands. It has been hypothesized that low variability in arid biomes is explained by meristem limitation, which constrains responses to pulses of high resource availability. Our research tests this hypothesis by comparing bud-bank populations across six sites in the United States that vary 3-fold in …
The Impact Of Vegetation Structure And Spatial Heterogeneity On Invertebrate Biodiversity Within Upland Landscapes, L. Cole, M. L. Pollock, D. Robertson, J. P. Holland, D. I. Mccraken
The Impact Of Vegetation Structure And Spatial Heterogeneity On Invertebrate Biodiversity Within Upland Landscapes, L. Cole, M. L. Pollock, D. Robertson, J. P. Holland, D. I. Mccraken
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Livestock grazing influences vegetation structure and composition at both the patch and wider landscape scale (Milne et al., 1998), and this may have effects on upland invertebrate communities, which in turn influence bird abundance and distribution (Fuller & Gough, 1999; Cole et al., 2002). Of particular importance are open grasslands and wet flushes where invertebrates are abundant and more accessible to birds. However, there have been few studies of invertebrates associated with upland habitats, and most of these have focused on heather moorland, blanket bog, or very fine-scaled structure within grasslands (Dennis et al. 1997; 1998; 2001). This …
Towards A Comparative Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens) And Barrel Medic (Medicago Truncatula), M. Febrer, G. Jenkins, M. T. Abberton, D. Milbourne
Towards A Comparative Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens) And Barrel Medic (Medicago Truncatula), M. Febrer, G. Jenkins, M. T. Abberton, D. Milbourne
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grassland is of pivotal importance to the Irish agricultural industry. This dependence of grass is reflected in the large proportion of land area under grass, approx. 80% of the total land acreage in Ireland. The presence of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in grassland significantly improves the overall nutritional value of the forage by increasing the relative amounts of nitrogen present. Genetic improvement of white clover through breeding of varieties should increase the productivity of grasslands. Advances in plant biotechnology offer the possibility of developing tools that will radically enhance our ability to breed improved plant varieties. The objective …
Role Of The Banyuls(Ban) Gene From Arabidopsis Thaliana In Transgenic Alfalfa Expression Of Anthocyanins And Proanthocyanidins, S. M. Hesamzadeh Hejazi, Sergio Arcioni, F. Paolocci
Role Of The Banyuls(Ban) Gene From Arabidopsis Thaliana In Transgenic Alfalfa Expression Of Anthocyanins And Proanthocyanidins, S. M. Hesamzadeh Hejazi, Sergio Arcioni, F. Paolocci
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Condensed tannins (CTs) are flavonoid oligomers, many of which have beneficial effects on animal (bloat safe) and human health. The BAN gene encodes anthocyanidin reductase (ANR), an enzyme proposed to convert anthocyanidins to their corresponding 2,3-cis-flavan-3-ols (Xie et al., 2003). Ectopic expression of BAN in Alfalfa transgenic foliage results in accumulation of CTs. Thus, it has been assumed that the BAN gene also acts in starter units for the condensation of tannins in Alfalfa.
Clover Astra: A Web-Based Resource For Trifolium Est Analysis, G. C. Spangenberg, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, C. G. Love, T. A. Erwin, E. G. Logan, D. Edwards
Clover Astra: A Web-Based Resource For Trifolium Est Analysis, G. C. Spangenberg, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, C. G. Love, T. A. Erwin, E. G. Logan, D. Edwards
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a major temperate forage legume.
Controlled Flowering Project For Lolium Perenne At Agresearch: An Overview, I. Kardailsky, B. Veit, N. Forester, M. Gagic, K. Richardson, Marty J. Faville, G. Bryan
Controlled Flowering Project For Lolium Perenne At Agresearch: An Overview, I. Kardailsky, B. Veit, N. Forester, M. Gagic, K. Richardson, Marty J. Faville, G. Bryan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is an important forage crop in New Zealand. The work presented here has the goal of developing a system for complete and arbitrary control of the transition from vegetative to floral development. For this, we have pursued an integrated approach utilising genomics with both forward and reverse genetics. Like other model plants, photoperiodic and vernalization pathways are presumed to be operating in ryegrass and control the activity of the meristem identity/floral patterning genes. The candidate gene approach targeting the photoperiodic pathway is described in an accompanying abstract (Gagic et al.). Other candidate genes include …
Monitoring Of Gene Expression Profiles And Identification Of Candidate Genes Involved In Drought Tolerance In Festuca Mairei With Cdna-Aflp, J. P. Wang, S. S. Bughrara
Monitoring Of Gene Expression Profiles And Identification Of Candidate Genes Involved In Drought Tolerance In Festuca Mairei With Cdna-Aflp, J. P. Wang, S. S. Bughrara
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Drought stress is one of the most complex environmental constraints on plants. Response of plant to drought stress is manifested by various changes in physiological and metabolic processes, which are reflected at the molecular level. cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) is a high-throughput transcript profiling technique for temporal and spatial gene expression analysis (Bachem et al., 1996). To understand the molecular genetic basis of drought tolerance of grasses, we applied the cDNA-AFLP procedure to identify the genes responding to drought stress of Festuca mairei (Fm), which showed a xeriphytic adaptation (Marlatt et al., 1997).
Gene Discovery And Molecular Dissection Of Fructan Metabolism In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), J. Chalmers, A. Lidgett, X. Johnson, K. Terdich, N. Cummings, Y. Y. Cao, K. Fulgueras, M. Emmerling, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, A. Mouradov, G. C. Spangenberg
Gene Discovery And Molecular Dissection Of Fructan Metabolism In Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne), J. Chalmers, A. Lidgett, X. Johnson, K. Terdich, N. Cummings, Y. Y. Cao, K. Fulgueras, M. Emmerling, T. Sawbridge, E. K. Ong, A. Mouradov, G. C. Spangenberg
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Fructans are the main soluble carbohydrate stored in up to a third of the vegetation of the earth, including the economically important temperate grasses. Fructans are polymers of fructose attached to a sucrose precursor. Perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.) accumulates fructans of the inulin series, inulin neoseries and levan neoseries. Four enzymes are required to produce fructans of this profile: 1-SST (sucrose:sucrose 1- fructosyltransferase), 1-FFT (fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase), 6G-FFT (6-glucose fructosyltransferase) and 6-FFT (fructan:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase) or 6-SFT (sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase) (Figure 1). Fructan biosynthetic enzymes have evolved from invertases and thus it is argued that fructan metabolism is an extension …
Isolation And Characterization Of A Cbf Gene From Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), Y. Xiong, S. Fei
Isolation And Characterization Of A Cbf Gene From Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), Y. Xiong, S. Fei
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Maximum freezing tolerance of many temperate plant species is achieved after exposure to a period of non-freezing low temperatures, a phenomenon called “cold acclimation”. Multiple mechanisms appear to operate in conferring freezing tolerance in plants. The discovery of a class of transcription factor genes, CBF genes (C-repeat binding factor), in Arabidopsis demonstrated that CBF genes can serve as ‘Master switches’ to activate downstream cold-related (COR) genes during cold-acclimation (Liu et al., 1998). They act by binding to the core sequence (CCGAC) which is present in COR genes and thus activate the expression of COR genes and enhance …
Phenotypic Variation Within Local Populations Of Meadow Fescue Shows Significant Associations With Allele Frequencies At Aflp Loci, S. Fjellheim, Å. B. Blomlie, P. Marum, O. A. Rognli
Phenotypic Variation Within Local Populations Of Meadow Fescue Shows Significant Associations With Allele Frequencies At Aflp Loci, S. Fjellheim, Å. B. Blomlie, P. Marum, O. A. Rognli
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To identify markers useful for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS), mapping families are usually constructed and used for Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping. Association mapping offers an alternative strategy for marker development using already characterized germplasm, preferably from natural populations. Simultaneous phenotypic and molecular screening of gene bank accessions can reveal associations between molecular marker alleles and phenotypic traits, and lead to a more targeted construction of mapping families for fine-mapping. In this investigation, we combine molecular (AFLP) and phenotypic data of 15 Norwegian local populations and 5 Nordic cultivars in order to identify markers associated with phenotypic traits of interest.
Diversity Of Diet Composition Decreases With Conjoint Grazing Of Cattle With Sheep And Goats, A. M. Nicol, M. B. Soper, A. Stewart
Diversity Of Diet Composition Decreases With Conjoint Grazing Of Cattle With Sheep And Goats, A. M. Nicol, M. B. Soper, A. Stewart
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Conjoint or mixed grazing can affect the diet selected by each species (Nicol & Collins, 1990). Diet similarity coefficients are often used to compare pairs of diets (Krebs, 1999). However this approach is awkward when a number of contrasts are required in a multifactorial comparison. Species diversity is a descriptor of a particular environment. Many models provide an estimate of species diversity, the most common of these being a log-normal distribution (Tokeshi, 1996). We tested whether this model could be applied to dietary components selected from a pasture, and thus provide a coefficient of dietary diversity for the individual diets …
A Simple Vegetation Criterion (Ndf Content) May Account For Diet Choices Of Cattle Between Forages Varying In Maturity Stage And Physical Accessibility, Cécile Ginane, R. Baumont
A Simple Vegetation Criterion (Ndf Content) May Account For Diet Choices Of Cattle Between Forages Varying In Maturity Stage And Physical Accessibility, Cécile Ginane, R. Baumont
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The management of extensively grazed pastures requires an understanding and prediction of the diet choices of herbivores grazing on vegetation that is qualitatively (maturity stage) and quantitatively (biomass, sward height) heterogeneous. The Optimal Foraging Theory (OFT, Stephens & Krebs, 1986), bases its predictions on the relative energy intake rate (EIR) of forages. However, as EIRs are difficult to assess at pasture and are subject to wide intra- and inter-individual variations, another vegetation criterion was sought (accessibility, quality), by-passing the animal's influence, to predict cattle diet choices quantitatively.
Spatial Scale Of Heterogeneity Affects Diet Choice But Not Intake In Beef Cattle, S. Mark Rutter, J. E. Cook, K. L. Young, R. A. Champion
Spatial Scale Of Heterogeneity Affects Diet Choice But Not Intake In Beef Cattle, S. Mark Rutter, J. E. Cook, K. L. Young, R. A. Champion
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Previous research has shown that sheep (Champion et al., 1998) and dairy cattle (Nuthall et al., 2000) have a partial preference for clover of 70%, and achieve higher daily intakes when offered grass and clover as separate but adjacent monocultures compared with animals grazing mixed swards. This intake benefit could be utilised to increase intake and production on farms by grazing from adjacent strips of the two herbages. This study aimed to establish the minimum strip width required to achieve the benefits of monocultures.
Is Biodiversity Declining In The Traditional Haymeadows Of Skye And Lochalsh, Scotland?, G. E. D. Tiley, D. G. L. Jones
Is Biodiversity Declining In The Traditional Haymeadows Of Skye And Lochalsh, Scotland?, G. E. D. Tiley, D. G. L. Jones
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Species-rich haymeadows have developed on crofts in the Isle of Skye and Lochalsh Districts of north-west Scotland as a result of a century or more of traditional land use. This has involved long rotations of late cutting for hay with aftermath grazing by cattle and short breaks for cropping. The traditional haymeadows are increasingly coming under threat from changes taking place in the countryside. A survey of the main haymeadows still remaining in Skye and Lochalsh was carried out during 2003 to assess the current botanical composition, management and conservation value, and to compare with earlier surveys.
Alternative Land Use Options For Philippine Grasslands: A Bioeconomic Modeling Approach Using The Wanulcas Model, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, P. A. B. Ani
Alternative Land Use Options For Philippine Grasslands: A Bioeconomic Modeling Approach Using The Wanulcas Model, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, E. Abucay, P. A. B. Ani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the Philippines, pure grasslands occupy 1.8 million ha and another 10.8 million ha (33% of the country’s total land area) is under extensive cultivation mixed with grasslands and scrub. Most of these grasslands are under-utilised and dominated by Imperata cylindrica. Imperata grasslands generally represent areas of degraded soils that are acidic, low in organic matter and susceptible to erosion. However, conversion of these grassland areas into upland farms planted to annual crops and perennial trees is proliferating at a fast rate. This is triggered by the interacting factors of rapidly increasing population, the system of landholding, scarcity of …
Forage Development In The Nepal Mid-Hills: New Perspectives, A. D. Robertson
Forage Development In The Nepal Mid-Hills: New Perspectives, A. D. Robertson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Nepali hill farming communities are typically poor and remote, and are currently severely affected by conflict. The challenge is to define simple approaches which can generate results within this context. Livestock are central to livelihoods and to the sustainability of farming, with rain-fed agriculture dependent on inputs of manure-based compost. Stall feeding has increased dramatically with the adoption of community forestry and general preclusion of grazing. A broad landscape approach to forage development is increasingly being adopted, with concurrent on-farm interventions, such as intercropping and back-yard forage, and off-farm interventions, such as landslide stabilisation with forages, development of forest understory, …
How To Simplify Tools For Natural Grassland Characterisation Based On Biological Measures Without Losing Too Much Information?, P. Ansquer, P. Cruz, J. P. Theau, E. Lecloux, M. Duru
How To Simplify Tools For Natural Grassland Characterisation Based On Biological Measures Without Losing Too Much Information?, P. Ansquer, P. Cruz, J. P. Theau, E. Lecloux, M. Duru
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In marginal areas, such as the Pyrenees, natural grasslands are the only available resource for livestock feeding. Despite this, there is a lack of simple and efficient tools for advisers to aid the management of the complex vegetation of these grasslands. Therefore, we tested an approach derived from functional ecology, to construct such tools: using biological traits to inform on the agronomic characteristics and the way farmers’ practices act on them (Ansquer et al., 2004). Nevertheless, the required protocol of measurement is still time-consuming and difficult. In this paper, we test different ways of simplifying this protocol by reducing …
Herders And Wetland Degradation In Northern Cameroon, E. Tedonkeng Pamo, F. Tendonkeng, J. R. Kana
Herders And Wetland Degradation In Northern Cameroon, E. Tedonkeng Pamo, F. Tendonkeng, J. R. Kana
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Livestock rearing in Northern Cameroon is carried out under two majors systems: the nomadic and the transhumance production systems (Pamo & Pamo, 1991). Nomadism is the practice of wandering from place to place, while transhumance involves seasonal displacement of flocks from one area to another by herders. These production systems involved large grazing areas, which may encompass different ecosystems. The Yaére, the only wetland of the northern Cameroon, is the major dry season grazing lands for livestock and wildlife. The main characteristic of this wetland is that the whole area is excluded from grazing during the growing season as a …
The Investigation Of Flowering Control In Late/Rare Flowering Lolium Perenne, S. Byrne, I. S. Donnison, L. J. Mur, E. Guiney
The Investigation Of Flowering Control In Late/Rare Flowering Lolium Perenne, S. Byrne, I. S. Donnison, L. J. Mur, E. Guiney
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Flowering in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) results in reduced digestibility and its inhibition would enhance forage quality. Flowering regulation has been well studied in Arabidopsis thaliana (Simpson and Dean, 2002) and orthologs of Arabidopsis flowering genes underlying heading date Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) have been identified in rice (Yano, M et al., 2000). However it is not clear yet how universally applicable such studies are to Lolium. The project goals are to characterise the gene expression profiles of late/rare flowering L. perenne plants to determine factors affecting flowering and to map the genes involved in the flowering process. Initial …
Eating Biodiversity: Investigating The Links Between Grassland Biodiversity And Quality Food Production, A. Hopkins, H. Buller, C. Morris, J. D. Wood
Eating Biodiversity: Investigating The Links Between Grassland Biodiversity And Quality Food Production, A. Hopkins, H. Buller, C. Morris, J. D. Wood
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Modern food production systems are generally detrimental to biodiversity, and the widespread loss of species-diverse grassland as a consequence of intensive farming methods is well documented. Since the 1980s, a range of policy measures and financial incentives for farmers have been introduced in Europe to halt (and in some cases, reverse) this trend, primarily to meet environmental objectives of species and habitat conservation and landscape protection. Biodiversity, where associated with agricultural production, has largely been regarded as a positive 'externality' to the process of food production; a ‘product’ which benefits wider society without necessarily conferring an agricultural benefit to the …
Do Species And Functional Diversity Indices Reflect Changes In Grazing Regimes And Climatic Conditions In Northeastern Spain?, F. De Bello, J. Leps, M. T. Sebastià
Do Species And Functional Diversity Indices Reflect Changes In Grazing Regimes And Climatic Conditions In Northeastern Spain?, F. De Bello, J. Leps, M. T. Sebastià
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Understanding the mechanisms that maintain biodiversity in various ecosystems enables the development of management practices that prevent degradation (Canals & Sebastia, 2000). Each diversity index reflects some compositional properties and could be influenced differently by stress and disturbance factors (Magurran, 2004). In this study, we aim to reveal 1) which management practices and environmental factors affect biodiversity in rangelands of northeastern Spain and 2) the relationship between species diversity and functional diversity (SD and FD).
The Biodiversity Value Of ‘Improved’ And ‘Unimproved’ Saline Agricultural Land And Adjacent Remnant Vegetation In South Australia, M. L. Hebart, N. J. Edwards, E. A. Abraham, A. D. Craig
The Biodiversity Value Of ‘Improved’ And ‘Unimproved’ Saline Agricultural Land And Adjacent Remnant Vegetation In South Australia, M. L. Hebart, N. J. Edwards, E. A. Abraham, A. D. Craig
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Since European settlement of the Upper South-east of South Australia, the distribution and abundance of much of the native flora and fauna of the region has been affected by clearing of native vegetation and drainage of wetlands to facilitate agricultural production. Only 8.3% of the original vegetation and less than 7% of the original swamps now remain in the region and much of what is left exists as small isolated remnants (Croft & Carpenter, 1996). Furthermore, as a consequence of the demise of large areas of agriculturally productive lucerne in the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, the rise of saline …