Agricultural Science Commons^™

Waterbreaks: Managed Trees For The Floodplain, Douglas C. Wallace, Wayne A. Geyer, John P. Dwyer

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Historically, many of the natural woody ecosystems that were once present in floodplains across the country have been highly altered or removed. Land clearing has resulted in the loss of woody vegetation, even in areas adjacent to streams and rivers. With these alterations, came extensive flood management commitments to compensate for the loss of naturally functioning floodplains and for the protection of towns, roads, and agricultural fields. However, even with the best available flood management techniques, when rivers decide to flood - they will, often with devastating consequences. Strictly from a social and an economic standpoint, allowing the floodplain to …

De Un Bosque De Pino Hacia Un Sistema Silvopastoril, Terry Clason, James L. Robinson

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Los sistemas agroforestales ofrecen el potencial a los usuarios de tierras de analizar las posibilidades de generar ingresos por venta de diferentes bienes o artículos, producidos en un mismo predio de terreno, a la misma vez que se obtienen beneficios ambientales. Los sistemas silvopastoriles, son sistemas agroforestales. Éstos sitemas se componen de árboles, forrajes y ganado. Un sistema silvopastoril puede desarrollarse a partir de un predio en pastos o de un bosque al que se le incorporan forrajes. El bosque deberá ser manejado de manera que permita la entrada de luz solar para el crecimiento del forraje.

Farming Exotic Mushrooms In The Forest, Deborah B. Hill

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

One income opportunity derived from forest farming is the production of exotic mushrooms. Many of these edible mushrooms, such as shiitake (Lentinula edodes), maitake (Grifola frondosa), lion's mane (Hericium erinaceus, and oyster (Pleurotus spp. feed on the cellulose and lignin in wood. Although a significant volume of these mushrooms is produced under artificial conditions on a substance of sawdust, grains and other supplements, production on logs results in firmer texture and more flavor.

Production of high-value mushrooms on small diameter logs of almost any hardwood species enables a private forest landowner to utilize …

Forest Production Of Goldenseal, Jeanine M. Davis

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) is a valued medicinal herb which has been collected from hardwood forests in eastern North America for hundreds of years. The historical range for goldenseal is north into Canada, south to Alabama, and west to Kansas. Overharvesting of goldenseal has caused serious reductions in populations reported in Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, and eastern Kentucky. In 1997, goldenseal was listed on Appendix II of the Convention for International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES), an international treaty monitoring trade in threatened and endangered species. Designed to protect the species, this listing imposed controls on goldenseal trade. This …

Economics And Marketing Of Ginseng, Robert L. Beyfuss

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

It is extremely important to learn about the economic potential of the various types of ginseng and how to market the product prior to growing it. Raising ginseng is something that a patient person who enjoys growing things can find interesting and potentially profitable but, it requires hard work, at least a small capital investment, and it certainly is not a sure thing. This Agroforestry Note will familiarize readers with some economic considerations and marketing tips. For specific information about growing ginseng refer to AF Note Forest Farming -3, American Ginseng Production in Woodlots.

Alley Cropping: An Agroforestry Practice, Sandra Hodge, H. E. Garrett, Jerry Bratton

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Alley cropping is an agroforestry practice intended to place trees within agricultural cropland systems. The purpose is to enhance or add income diversity (both long and short range), reduce wind and water erosion, improve crop production, improve utilization of nutrients, improve wildlife habitat or aesthetics, and/or convert cropland to forest. The practice is especially attractive to landowners wishing to add economic stability to their farming system while protecting soil from erosion, water from contamination, and improving wildlife habitat.

Opportunities For Growing Short-Rotation Woody Crops In Agroforestry Practices, Gary A. Kuhn, W. J. Rietveld

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Technologies are readily available for growing hybrid poplars and willows in block plantings as short-rotation woody crops (SRWC) for fuel and fiber. SRWC species and technologies can also be incorporated into agricultural systems as agroforestry practices. Examples are windbreaks, living snowfences, “timberbelts”, riparian buffer strips, and wastewater treatment plantings. Fast growth, convenient propagation (see AF Note - 11), and compatibility with conventional farming methods make SRWC suitable for use in agroforestry practices to provide multiple benefits such as solid wood and wood fiber products, water quality improvement, crop and soil protection, wildlife habitat, and buffers for agricultural/community interfaces.

Establishment And Cultural Guidelines For Using Hybrid Tree Species In Agroforestry Plantings, Gary A. Kuhn, W. J. Rietveld, Don E. Riemenschneider

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Hybrid poplars (and willows) are well-suited for agroforestry applications in many parts of the United States (See AFN-10). Their convenient propagation and fast growth allow them to establish and provide conservation benefits more quickly. This note provides general establishment and cultural guidelines to consider when using hybrid poplar cuttings for agroforestry plantings.

Silvopasture: An Agroforestry Practice, Ned B. Klopfenstein, W. J. Rietveld, Richard C. Carman, Terry R. Clason, Steven H. Sharrow, Gene Garrett, Bruce Anderson

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Although some form of silvopasture management has been practiced for centuries, silvopasture as an agroforestry practice is specifically designed and managed for the production of trees, tree products, forage, and livestock. Silvopasture results when forage crops are deliberately introduced or enhanced in a timber production system, or timber crops are deliberately introduced or enhanced in a forage production system. As a silvopasture, timber and pasture are managed as a single integrated system.

Silvopastoral systems are designed to produce a high-value timber component, while providing short-term cash flow from the livestock component. The interactions among timber, forage, and livestock are managed …

Forest Farming: An Agroforestry Practice, Mary Ellen Dix, Deborah B. Hill, Louise E. Buck, W. J. Rietveld

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Most public and private forest lands of North America have been modified to varying degrees from years of human activity. Certain high-value ‘non-timber forest products’ have been over-exploited and are difficult to find. Forest farming practices can be used by private enterprise to grow desirable non-timber forest products on private lands, to supplement family income, and to allow biodiversity to reestablish within forests.

Biología Silvopastoril, Steven H. Sharrow

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

La producción forestal y la ganadería son dos usos de tierras comunes en muchos lugares del mundo que no tienen riego. El pastoreo forestal es una práctica tradicional en la mayor parte de América del Norte. Aproximadamente 25% del total de las tierras de los EE. UU., son pastoreadas. Los bosques jovenes y los bosques maduros con una copa o dosel poco denso, pueden proveer una cantidad considerable de forraje al ganado. Un itinerario de pastoreo hará más beneficioso el uso de la vegetación que crece bajo la copa de los árboles. De no ser así la vegetación competirá con …

The Biology Of Silvopastoralism, Steven H. Sharrow

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Forestry and livestock grazing are common competing uses for non-irrigated lands around the world. Forest grazing is a traditional practice in most of North America. Approximately 25 percent of all US forest land is grazed by livestock. Young forests and mature open-canopied forests can provide considerable amounts of forage for livestock. Prescription grazing makes beneficial use of ground vegetation that would otherwise compete with trees for soil moisture and nutrients, harbor gnawing rodents, and pose a fire hazard. Pasture grasses and legumes are sometimes seeded into newly harvested forest areas to reduce erosion, to provide high-quality food for deer and …

Riparian Buffers For Agricultural Land, Michael Dosskey, Richard C. Schultz, Thomas M. Isenhart

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Purpose:

• Define what a riparian buffer is

• Describe what benefits a riparian buffer can provide in an agricultural landscape

• Identify situations where installing a riparian buffer should be considered

How To Design A Riparian Buffer For Agricultural Land, Michael Dosskey, Dick Schultz, Tom Isenhart

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Purpose: Identify four basic steps to follow when designing a riparian buffer.

A Riparian Buffer Design For Cropland, Michael Dosskey, Dick Schultz, Tom Isenhart

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Purpose:

• Present a general, multi-purpose, riparian buffer design suitable for most cropland situations

• Provide some guidelines for adjusting this general design to better fit site-specific conditions or landowner needs

Outdoor Living Barn: A Specialized Windbreak, Kris Irwin, Jerry Bratton

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

In April of 1987, a spring blizzard swept through northern Kansas and southern Nebraska killing nearly 60,000 newborn calves and other winter stressed animals. This tremendous loss could have been lessened had protection, such as outdoor living barns (OLB), been provided to reduce the windchill. An outdoor living barn is a specialized windbreak, typically composed of trees and shrubs, and strategically located in open grasslands, center pivot irrigation corners, and pasture areas to protect livestock during severe weather situations.

The purpose of an OLB is to: 1) defuse and deflect cold winds away from livestock, moderating the windchill; and 2) …

Buntine-West Wubin And West Maya Catchment Management Report, William Oldfield, Natalie Hunt

Natural resources published reports

Buntine West/Wubin land Conservation District was formed when a number of landholders wanted to extend and join on to some existing deep drains. At first the group concentrated on the deep drains with some farmers joining on anda project to connect the drains up througha naturally occurring saline area and to run the main drain into a salt lake system. Funding was attained for 50% of the project and farmers with drains paid for the rest. It was considered unfair for landowners whose land this drain went through to pay all the cost as it was not draining arable land. …

Bulletin 4274 - Tree Planting On The High Rainfall Coastal Plain, Don Bennett, Richard George

Bulletins 4000 -

Careful planning can mean the difference between the success or failure of a tree planting program . Healthy , well-e stablished trees stand a better chance of survival, grow faster and are more resistant to insect attack. The need for time-consuming watering in summer is also eliminated.

The high rainfall coastal plain extends from Perth to Busselton and inland to the Darling Scarp. It receives about 800 to 1000 mm annual rainfall.

Site preparation is ideally started in summer. For a winter planting, decide before March where to plant, which varieties and how many trees to plant. Early planning allows …

American Ginseng Production In Woodlots, Robert L. Beyfuss

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

For the past 3,000 years or more the roots of a perennial plant called ginseng have been an important component of traditional Chinese medicine. The roots of wild American ginseng have been harvested, dried, and exported from the United States and Canada to China, since the mid 1700’s. Today, American ginseng is also a very important part of traditional Chinese medicine. It is used as an “adaptogen” that allows the body to adjust to various types of stress. It is not used as a specific cure or remedy for any particular ailment but as a component of many medicinal herbal …

Bulletin No 4176 - Agroforestry With Widely Spaced Pine Trees, Richard Moore, Peter Jenkins, Geoff Anderson, Phil Scott

Bulletins 4000 -

Combining a softwood timber crop with other forms of agriculture on the same land can make better use of available space, soil and water, and lead to higher productivity from farms.

This Bulletin outlines the potential benefits of, and a programme for, the growing of pine on farmland in Western Australia in conjunction with either pasture or another crop. The agroforestry system described has been well researched in Westem Australia.

The main objectives of agroforestry are to produce high quality timber while maintaining adequate pasture for either grazing or fodder cropping until the timber is harvested.

Changes In Populations Of Soil Acari During The First Year After Clearcutting, Sue Ellen Orlaske

Dissertations and Theses

Soil samples taken from a clearcut and adjacent uncut site of a Douglas Fir and Western Hemlock old growth forest in the Cascade Range of southern Washington showed greatly reduced adult and juvenile population densities of macro-phytophagous, microphytophagous, and predatory soil acari in the clearcut. These effects appeared to be due to high lethal summer litter temperatures and reduced pore spaces due to scarification. Also, the number of species of acari in the clearcut was lower than in the control after clearcutting.

Some Observations On Mismanagement Of Grasslands And Woodlands, Orrin J. Henbest

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.