Agricultural Science Commons^™

A Genetic View Of Sex Expression In The Flowering Plants, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

It seems a conservative statement to say that studies

of the past twenty years among animal forms have

tended increasingly to link the phenomena of sex inheritance

with the behavior of chromosomes. To this

result, cytology and genetics have contributed perhaps

almost equally. The number of forms in which

one sex is known to have a morphologically different

chromosome complex from the other sex are many.

That, with respect to the chromosomes, the female of

certain forms produces gametes of a single kind,

whereas the male produces two kinds, and that in

turn an egg fertilized by one kind of …

Size And Structure Of Leaves Of Cereals In Relation To Climate, William Edward Bruner, John E. Weaver

University Studies (University of Nebraska) (1888–1984)

Although a very large amount of work has been done on the variation in form, size, and anatomical structure of native plants grown under different conditions, relatively little attention has been given to similar studies of crop plants. As far as we are able to ascertain, no investigations have been made of variation in the leaves of cereal crops grown under widely different, measured environments.

During the past few years (1920-23), in connection with studies on the development and activities of the roots of crop plants (Weaver, Jean, and Crist, 1922), plant production as a measure of environment (Weaver, 1924), …

Bulletin 115 - The Value Of Windmills For Pumping Water In Western Australia, A. H. Scott

Bulletins 1 - 2999

It is surprising to note the dearth of up-to-date reliable information dealing with actual results of modern windmills, under working conditions, though literature on thousands of other subjects less important can usually be obtained.

In this bulletin there is presented a complete and accurate record of the amount of water pumped daily by a windmill, under actual working conditions, for a period of 14 months.

Bulletin 111 - Standard Wheat Varieties For The W. A. Wheat Belt, Geo L. Sutton, F. Vanzetti

Bulletins 1 - 2999

Graded selected Pedigree seed is produced at the Chapman and Merredin Experiment Farms.

Bulletin 105 - Pedigree Selection Of Seed At The Chapman And Merredin Experiment Farms, Geo L. Sutton

Bulletins 1 - 2999

A Paper read before the Royal Society of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 12th October,1921.

"Pedigree" or "Pure Line" selection is that system of selection under which the choice is made, not. solely because of the attractive appearance of the plant, but because of its ability to transmit its good qualities to the progeny. Such a system requires, and the method of selection ensures, that the qualities sought after shall be hereditary. For this purpose a record of ancestry is essential, hence the use of the term "pedigree."

Pericarp Studies In Maize. I. The Inheritance Of Pericarp Colors, E. G. Anderson, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Introduction ... 466

Nomenclature ... 467

Pigments present in colored pericarp ... 467

Factor relations of pericarp colors ... 468

Factor relations of red pericarp, P ... 468

Factor relations of cherry pericarp ... 471

Discussion and Summary ... 474

Literature Cited ... 475

Genetic Interrelations Of Two Andromonoecious Types Of Maize, Dwarf And Anther Ear, R. A. Emerson, Sterling H. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Attention was called by Montgomery (1906)to the occasional appearance

of perfect flowers in the staminate inflorescence of maize and similar

cases were reported by Kempton (1913). Montgomery (1911) described

with illustrations a true-breeding type of semi-dwarf dent maize, the ears

of which were perfect-flowered. Perfect-flowered maize was described

and illustrated also by Blaringhem (1908, pp. 180-183). East and

Hayes (1911, pp. 13, 14) noted and illustrated a perfect-flowered sweet

corn. Weatherwax (1916, 1917) showed that typically pistillate

flowers of maize exhibit in microscopic sections the rudiments of stamens

and that staminate flowers show rudiments of pistils.

Heritable Characters Of Maize: Ix. Crinkly Leaf, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In 1910 a strain of dent corn obtained at the National Corn Exposition held at Omaha was crossed with a strain of flint corn obtained from the Department of Agronomy of the University of Nebraska. The F₁ plants of this cross were normal and no abnormalities had been observed in the parent strains. But since the latter had not been subjected to self-pollination, there is no assurance that one or other of them did not have in it the character to be described here. In the F₂ generation of this cross there occurred a tpe of plant that …

The Relative Frequency Of Crossing Over In Microspore And In Megaspore Development In Maize, R. A. Emerson, C. B. Hutchison

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

One of the early developments in the study of linkage in Drosophila was the discovery that the phenomenon of crossing over is confined to the female sex (Morgan 1912). The fact that no crossing over occurs in the male Drosophila holds true not only for sex-linked genes but for factors in the autosomes as well and is so well established that it affords a most convenient method of determining to which of the different linkage groups a new factor belongs.

The same phenomenon, but with the sexes reversed, obtains in the silkworm moth. Tanaka (1914, 1915) has found from back-cross …

Bulletin No 81 - The Improvement Of Pastures With Notes On The Pasture Trefoils In Western Australia, E. A. Mann, D. A. Herbert

Bulletins 1 - 2999

Agriculture can be roughly divided for practical purposes into two large divisions, those of animal husbandry and vegetable husbandry. It is with the former that this pamphlet is chiefly concerned and its object is to contribute, it possible, in some small measure towards the problem of how to increase time stock carrying capacity of our natural pasture lands. it is unnecessary to dwell upon the importance of this question, especially in relation to the remarkable developments which are taking place in time wool-growing industry in the Southern and more coastal areas of Western Australia.

Heritable Characters Of Maize Ii.-Pistillate Flowered Maize Plants, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In the "freak"

class at the Annual

Corn Show held at Lincoln, Nebraska,

in the winter of 1913-14,

there was exhibited a corn tassel

with a heavy setting of seeds. A few

seeds are not infrequently found in the

staminate inflorescence of maize, particularly

in pod com, and tillers of various

corn varieties often end in ears instead

of in tassels or have tassels, the central

spikes of which are ear like. The freak

exhibited at the com show, however,

was a large. much branched affair.

wholly tassel-like in form except for the

fact that it bore a heavy crop …

Genetical Studies Of Variegated Pericarp In Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Two years ago there were presented some results of a study of the inheritance of self pattern in the pericarp of maize seeds, occurring as a sporophytic2 variation in variegated ears (EMERSON1 914). Further results, in entire accord with those previously reported, have now been obtained. In addition, data bearing upon new phases of the problem are also available.

The chief results reported in the earlier paper were the following: ( I ) The more nearly self-colored the pericarp of any seed of a variegated ear, the more likely is the progeny of that seed to produce a self-colored ear …

Guide To The Experiments In Cropping Now Running At The State Farms Of Narrogin, Merredin, Chapman, Geo L. Sutton

Grain and other field crops published reports

The publication of this Guide to experiments conducted at the State Farms is deemed desirable, in order that farmers may be made acquainted with the nature of the work and the progressive results obtained, The purpose of the alteration of practice initiated at the State Farms during the past three years is to carry on an original and definite plan for the improvement of agricultural methods, and to this end a series of experiments have been undertaken which would entail too much expense on the individual farmer, or involve a departure from his routine practice before the value of the …

The Inheritance Of A Recurring Somatic Variation In Variegated Ears Of Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The inheritance of variegation has special interest and importance in genetics. It is with forms of variegation that the only two certainly known cases of non-Mendelian inheritance have had to do. I refer to Baur's experiments with Pelargonium, in which crosses of green-leaved and white-leaved forms exhibited somatic segregations in F₁ that bred true in later generations, and to Correns 's work with Mirabilis, which showed green and white leaf color, to be inherited through the mother only. De Vries's con- ception of "ever-sporting" varieties was apparently founded largely upon the behavior of variegated flowers in pedigree …

Multiple Factors Vs. "Golden Mean" In Size Inheritance, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Groth's preliminary note on the "golden mean" in the inheritance of sizes in SCIENCE of April 17, 1914, pp. 581-584, deserves the attention of geneticists. Its publication is of such recent date that I need only call attention to one or two points that seem to me of particular moment.

In brief, Groth's hypothesis is that the mode

of inheritance in F_l not only of surfaces and

volumes, but also of linear dimensions is to be

expressed by √ab rather than by a + b /2

where a and b are parent sizes. The hypothesis

is based upon …

Shorter Articles And Discussion Simplified Mendelian Formulae, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

I was somewhat surprised by 'Morgan's and Castle's suggestions for a simplification of Mendelian formulae. My surprise was not occasioned so much by the forms these suggestions took as by the fact that any pronounced changes were deemed necessary. I had not only employed the usual formula in my own work but had found no difficulty worth mentioning in understanding the formula used by most other workers in Mendelian fields. My experience with students in elementary courses in genetics had not prepared me for the idea that such formula were particularly difficult. Nevertheless I believe in simplifying the formulae if …

The Possible Origin Of Mutations In Somatic Cells, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

That mutations are accompanied by some change in the germ-plasm is, I take it, indisputable. Have we, however, any reason to suppose that the change takes place within the germ cells? I am not sure, as a matter of fact, that genetists in general regard the gametes as the place of origin of mutations. It is true, however, that experiments in the artificial production of mutations in plants have been limited largely to treatments of the ovaries from about the time of the reduction division to about the time of fertilization. This suggests a belief on the part of investigators …

Shorter Articles And Reports: The Simultaneous Modification Of Distinct Mendelian Factors, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In another paper on the inheritance of a recurring somatic variation in variegated ears of maize, it was shown that the amount of red color developed in the pericarp of variegated seeds bears a definite relation to the development of color in the progeny of such seeds. The relation is such that the more color there is in the pericarp of the seeds planted the more likely are they to produce plants with wholly self-red ears and correspondingly the less likely to produce plants with variegated ears. Self-red ears thus produced behave just as if they were hybrids between self-red …

The Unexpected Occurrence Of Aleurone Colors In F2 Of A Cross Between Non-Colored Varieties Of Maize, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Before the Mendelian methods of analysis became available, considerable wonder would doubtless have been excited by the "mysterious" appearance in F₂ of one colored grain-purple or red-to every five or six white ones in case of a maize cross, both parents and F, of which had only white grains. An occurrence of this sort has recently been noted in one of my maize cultures and the F2 numbers are explained here as a trihybrid or tetrahybrid ratio. The crosses in question were made primarily for a study of size inheritance and fairly large numbers have been grown. The varieties …

Discussion And Correspondence Coupling Vs. Random Segregation, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

To the editor of science: The suggestion offered by Morgan, in SCIENCE of September 22, to account for the coupling and repulsion of factors for various characters in inheritance in such forms as Abraxas, Drosophila, fowls, sweet peas, etc., incites this note.

Briefly Morgan's hypothesis is (1) that the materials representing factors that couple are "near together in a linear series" in the chromosomes; (2) that, when pairs of parental chromosomes conjugate, "like regions stand opposed "; (3) that "homologous chromosomes twist around each other," but that the separation of chromosomes is in a single "plane"; (4) that, thereby the …

The Inheritance Of Sizes And Shapes In Plants, R. A. Emerson

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Some years ago Lock reported a cross of a tall race of maize with a shorter race which produced an intermediate height in F₁ and exhibited no segregation in F₂ when crossed back with one of the parents. Castle's results with rabbits are very similar to those of Lock with maize. Castle summarizes his results in part as follows:

A cross between rabbits differing in ear-length produces offspring with ears of intermediate length, varying about the mean of the parental ear-lengths. . . . A study of the offspring of the primary cross-breds shows the blend of the …

Irrigation Farming: A Handbook For The Proper Application Of Water In The Production Of Crops, Lucius M. Wilcox

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

A handbook for the application of water in the production of crops.

The Effect Of Certain Methods Of Soil Treatment Upon The Corn Crop, T. L. Lyon

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The effect of certain methods of soil treatment upon the corn crop in Nebraska.

A Preliminary Report On Experiments With Forage Crops, T. L. Lyon

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

A preliminary report on experiments with forage crops. Covers sorghum, cow pea, hairy vetch, Canada field pea, non-saccharine sorghums, soybean, and rye.

Summary

Permanent grass pastures may be successfully substituted by certain annual forage plants.

A quick-growing variety of sorghum affords pasture fully equal to native or cultivated grasses.

Sorghum has the advantage of affording more forage per acre, and in being green and succulent throughout the entire summer. Its disadvantage consists in the necessity of plowing land for each crop.

One acre of sorghum will furnish pasture for ten cows twelve days.

The most profitable time to pasture sorghum …

The Strawberry, George Washington Barber

Student and Lippitt Prize Essays

An instruction on the most effective procedures for growing, cultivating and enjoying the strawberry plant.

The Rainfall Of Nebraska, G. D. Swezey, George A. Loveland

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Covers the rainfall in Nebraska with respect to farming.

Includes:

Character of the precipitation

Amount of precipitation

Rainfall of the growing season

Number of rainy days

Variability of rainfall

Progressive changes in the rainfall

Monthly precipitation of all stations and locations in Nebraska from the earliest years to 1895

Average precipitation for Nebraska from the earliest years through 1895

Charts of normal precipitation--weekly, monthly, and annual

Experiments In The Culture Of The Sugar Beet In Nebraska, H. H. Nicholson, T. L. Lyon

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Experiments in the culture of the sugar beet in Nebraska in 1894 and 1895.