Plant Sciences Commons^™

The Webworm. 3. Ecology : A Report On Some Of The Factors Which Regulate Webworm Numbers In The Field, J A. Button

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IN this section the webworm will be examined in its environment, and particular attention will be given to the more important factors which govern numbers and distribution of the insects.

Insect Pests Of Lawns. Part 3, D G. Shedley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

DISTORTION of leaves and stems, general unthriftiness and bleaching of the leaves are typical symptoms of damage by sap sucking insects in lawns.

The Webworm. 4. Control Of The Webworm, J A. Button

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EARLIER articles in this series have provided a broad oatline of the biology, life history and ecology of the webworm.

In this article chemical and cultural methods of control are considered in relation to this background information.

Insect Pests Of Lawns., D G. Shedley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Lawns provide a home for many and varied insects. Although a large number do little or no damage there are some which, if left unchecked, will make it impossible to maintain the grass in good condition.

SPRAYING with insecticides is not always the best answer to pest problems. Manuring, cutting and watering must be maintained at proper levels. In fact, if this is not done the attacks of at least some pests will be more severe.

Some Experiments In Citrus Red Scale Control, G D. Rimes

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE red scale (Aonidiella aurantii Masc.) is widely distributed throughout the world but tends to be a serious pest in those countries with semi-arid climates such as California, South Africa, Palestine and Australia.

The home of the pest is probably China, but it has been known in Australia for over 70 years and it was from the continent that it was introduced into North America.

Control Of San Jose Scale, G D. Rimes

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

W ITH an export rejection rate in excess of 10,000 cases per year, the apple industry in W.A. is continually confronted with the problem of San Jose Scale control.

Webworm And The Weather, J A. Button

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FOR many years farmers have remarked on the cyclic occurrence of webworm outbreaks in their cereal crops.

Webworm, the State's most serious pest of cereals, has frequently assumed a role of major importance for one or two seasons, and then not been troublesome for a number of years.

A research programme being carried out by the Entomology Branch aims to give a better understanding of the effects of weather conditions on the seasonal incidence of webworm, and should lead to more effective control of this pest.

New Recommendations For Fruit Fly Control, D G. Shedley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT FLY (Ceratitis capitata Wied) is one of the most serious horticultural pests in Western Australia.

For more than 50 years growers of stone fruit and pears have not been able to relax their activities against this pest.

Despite all their action however, there have been many occasions when fruit losses have been very severe.

Winter Pests In The Pasture, P N. Forte

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ALTHOUGH the pests concerned in attacking winter pastures are known to most farmers a discussion of their control and relative importance will not be out of place.

The principal pests concerned fall into two groups. Firstly the red-legged earth mite and lucerne flea whose attacks are most noticeable soon after germination and secondly a group of caterpillars which appear about the same time and whose attack is not noticed until a large amount of damage has been done.

Rice Stem Borers At The Kimberley Research Station, L E. Koch

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

STEM boring caterpillars have severely damaged rice crops at the Kimberley Research Station, near Wyndham, and studies have been made on the biology, abundance, and control of these insects.

Fruit Fly, D G. Shedley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FRUIT fly control is compulsory! To obtain effective control of fruit fly it is necessary to combine strict orchard hygiene with bait spraying.

In addition, cover spraying with DIPTEREX will give extra protection to stone fruit and pears.

When the breeding powers of the fruit fly are considered it is easy to understand why home growers and orchardists need to fight a continual battle against this pest.

Insects And Mites Found Attacking Cereal Crops In Western Australia, Clee Francis Howard Jenkins

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ONE of the most important factors influencing Western Australian agriculture in the last 20 years has been the development of permanent pastures together with the associated practice of ley farming.

Although the increased use of pasture plants, and particularly subterranean clover, has increased the general fertility of many areas it has also accentuated various problems, including those relating to insect control.

Summer fallow was a strong deterrent to such pests as the red-legged earth mite, the lucerne flea, and webworm and these and several other creatures have shown a tendency to increase under new farming methods.

Spraying Guide For The Control Of Pests And Diseases Of Fruit Trees, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE following guide for the spraying of fruit trees has been prepared as a ready reference for fruit growers and as a seasonal reminder of control measures necessary to deal with orchard pests and diseases.

The charts have been kept as brief as possible consistent with supplying details of recommended materials, concentrations and time of application, and growers should comsult Departmental leaflets or Departmental officers for more detailed information.

Kimberley Research Station : A Progress Report, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

INTEREST in the agricultural potential of the Kimberley region in Western Australia dates from its early exploration and settlement in the last century.

Several farming development schemes were considered for the area, but were never implemented.

This could be mainly attributable to lack of knowledge of agricultural potentialities, limitations of the local environment and ways of exploiting the local environment.

Up to the present the economy of the region is almost entirely based upon the extensive production of beef and to a lesser extent, wool.

Safflower : An Oil Crop For The Kimberleys, D F. Beech

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EXPERIMENTS with irrigated safflower carried out at the Kimberley Research Station have shown that the crop is well adapted to the local conditions.

In recent years yields of 2,000 to 3,000 lb. per acre have been generally obtained. Oil content of the main variety under trial varied between 33 and 35 per cent.

Locally produced safflower oil could help to make the Australian paint industry largely independent of imports.

Safflower meal is a protein-rich concentrate and could have considerable impact on the Kimberley cattle industry.

Safflower is likely to play an important part in the early development of irrigation agriculture …

Control Of The Red-Legged Earth Mite And Lucerne Flea : Treatment Of Seed With Systemic Insecticides, M M H Wallace

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE red-legged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tuck.), and the lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis (L.), are at present controlled effectively, cheaply and safely by a combined DDT/malathion spray (Jenkins, 1956, 1957) and this continues to be the general recommendation for farmers.

However, this combination has some disadvantages. The DDT in the spray ensures some residual control of the earth mite but has the unfortunate property of toxicity to the bdellid mites which are useful predators of the lucerne flea.

The malathion in the spray assists the DDT to control the earth mite and provides a good, quick kill of the lucerne …

Fruit Fly Control With Rogor 40 And Lebaycid : Progress Report, D G. Shedley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE Mediterranean fruit fly has been present in Western Australia for over 60 years and during that time many types of insecticides have been tested against the pest.

Traps and lures were amongst the earliest control measures adopted, but these gave way to sugar solutions poisoned with such materials as arsenic and sodium fluosilicate.

Spinach And Aphid Control By Ladybird Beetles, James E. Roberts

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

50 Years Of Research At The North Platte Experiment Station, W. W. Burr, J. C. Adams

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The North Platte Experiment was established fifty years ago. So many changes have occurred since then that few people remember why research in dry land agriculture was started in Nebraska and other Great Plains states. In order to get a proper perspective, it may be well to consider some early history.

Ec1506 Corn Rootworm Control In Nebraska, Ephriam Hixson, Martin H. Muma, Roscoe E. Hill

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 1506 discusses corn rootworm control in Nebraska.

Ec1551 Insect Control In The Production Of Alfalfa Seed, Ephriam Hixson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 1551 discusses insect control in the production of alfalfa seed.

Effects Of Ddt And Other Insecticides On Several Species Of Potato Insects, Roscoe E. Hill

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

Field and laboratory tests conducted in Nebraska showed DDT to be more effective than any other material yet tested against potato insect pests. Records were obtained on tuber flea beetles, Epitrix tuberis, potato psyllids, Paratrioza cockerelli, potato leafhoppers, Empoasca fabae, green peach aphids, Myzus persicae, Lygus elisus, Chlamydatus associatus, Aceratagallia uhleri and Macrosteles divisus. DDT remained effective against potato psyllids and potato leafhoppers under field conditions for a relatively long period of time. Populations of certain beneficial insects, such as Nabis spp., Orius spp. and lady beetles were found to be significantly reduced …

A Preliminary Survey Of Insects Visiting Goldenrod In Itasca Park, Alice Endicott

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Spraying Tree Fruits, C. C. Wiggans, E. H. Hoppert

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The production of sound, clean fruit is unquestionably one of the major problems facing the modern fruit grower. Culture may be neglected and pruning delayed for a time but the omission of sprays for even a single season demonstrates their absolute necessity. This applies equally to the commercial grower and to the farmer or gardener who has only a few trees.

Fifty Years Of Achievement In Agricultural Investigation, R. T. Prescott

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

In Nebraska, a hustling frontier state in 1887, the legislature hesitated not at all in taking advantage of the provisions of the Hatch Act, and now that fifty years have elapsed since the Station was founded, seventy-five years since the Land Grant College Act was passed and the U. S. Department of Agriculture established, and almost twenty-five years since the Agricultural Extension Service was added, it seems worth while to present a general summary of achievement within the state. The main object will be to show some of the important things that have been learned through the investigations of the …

Infection Experiments With Spindle Tuber And Unmottled Curly Dwarf Of The Potato, R. W. Goss

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

It is probable that more than one insect species are capable of spreading some of the potato virus diseases. This conclusion was also indicated by repeated observations in the dry-land section of western Nebraska. While aphids are abundant and are probably the chief vectors of potato virus diseases in the more humid sections of the country, they are usually scarce in the western upland plains area and are not present in large enough numbers to account for the rapid spread of spindle tuber and unmottled curly dwarf which sometimes occurs. It was therefore considered advisable to determine the common potato …

Spraying Tree Fruits, C. C. Wiggans, E. H. Hoppert

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The production of sound, clean fruit is unquestionably one of the major problems facing the modern fruit grower. Culture may be neglected and pruning delayed for a time but the omission of sprays for even a single season demonstrates their absolute necessity. This applies equally to the commercial grower and to the farmer or gardener who has only a few trees.

Spraying Experiments In Nebraska, J. Ralph Cooper

Historical Research Bulletins of the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station

The more important questions which were considered during the three years covered by the present report were as follows: 1. How many summer sprays are required and when should they be applied? 2. What is the difference in efficiency between various brands of arsenate of lead? 3. What are the relative values of lime sulphur and Bordeaux as fungicides for spraying apples? 4. Is it possible to lessen or prevent Bordeaux injury and at the same time control fungous diseases? 5. Is it possible to interchange Bordeaux and lime sulphur in a spray schedule in such a manner as to …

Bulletin No. 129 - Codling Moth Studies In 1911: The Driving Spray Under Excessively Wormy Conditions, E. D. Ball, W. M. Ball

UAES Bulletins

Spraying experiments against the codling moth were carried on upon the Smart orchard until the number of worms per tree was reduced to such an extent that no accurate comparisons could be made between different treatments. As a result of the work on this and other orchards, practically every commercial orchard in the valley was by this time well sprayed and the worms reduced to a point where one driving spray per season would keep them under control.

In the meantime a number of questions arose which required very wormy conditions to adequately investigate. Search was therefore made for orchards …

Bulletin No. 95 - Codling Moth Work In 1904: The Relative Value Of Early And Late Sprays, E. D. Ball, E. G. Peterson

UAES Bulletins

The codling moth continues to be the most s serious pest of the Utah horticulturist and was therefore made the main subject of investigation by the Entomological Department for the season of 1904.

In spite of the immense amount of work that ha been done on this subject by various entomologists in this and other countries, several vital points still remain unknown and many more that have been worked out for other localities must be verified and adapted to our conditions.